DE102008035846A1 - Method for production of semiconductor structures on silicon germanium base, involves bringing germanium ions in volume of single crystal silicon wafer by ion implantation with high dose - Google Patents
Method for production of semiconductor structures on silicon germanium base, involves bringing germanium ions in volume of single crystal silicon wafer by ion implantation with high dose Download PDFInfo
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- DE102008035846A1 DE102008035846A1 DE102008035846A DE102008035846A DE102008035846A1 DE 102008035846 A1 DE102008035846 A1 DE 102008035846A1 DE 102008035846 A DE102008035846 A DE 102008035846A DE 102008035846 A DE102008035846 A DE 102008035846A DE 102008035846 A1 DE102008035846 A1 DE 102008035846A1
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- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- -1 germanium ions Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 13
- LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ge] Chemical compound [Si].[Ge] LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000927 Ge alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009684 ion beam mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/26—Bombardment with radiation
- H01L21/263—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
- H01L21/265—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
- H01L21/26506—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation in group IV semiconductors
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/26—Bombardment with radiation
- H01L21/263—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
- H01L21/265—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
- H01L21/26506—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation in group IV semiconductors
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- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
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- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Herstellungsverfahren von Halbleiterstrukturen auf Silizium-Germanium-Basis.The The invention relates to a manufacturing method of semiconductor structures based on silicon germanium.
Silizium
besitzt bekanntlich eine relativ große Bandlücke
von 1,12 eV, wodurch im infraroten Wellenlängenbereich
des Solarspektrums ein direktes Anheben von Elektronen in das Leitungsband
des Halbleiters durch Absorption von Lichtquanten, als Voraussetzung
für die Entstehung von Photostrom, relativ unwahrscheinlich
ist. Germanium besitzt dagegen einen wesentlich geringeren Bandabstand
von 0,67 eV, wodurch eine Absorption von Lichtquanten bereits bei
wesentlich geringerer Photonenenergie erfolgen kann. In [
Die Herstellung solcher Stapelstrukturen über mehrere Schichtabscheidungen ist allerdings sehr energie- und zeitaufwendig, wodurch die Zellen nur für Spezialanwendungen, wie beispielsweise in der Raumfahrt, in Frage kommen.The Production of such stack structures over several layer deposits However, it is very energy and time consuming, causing the cells only for special applications, such as space travel, come into question.
Die Erzeugung von Strukturen mit verspanntem Silizium erfolgt üblicherweise durch eine aufeinander erfolgende Abscheidung der SixGey-Schicht und der obenliegenden Si-Schicht.The production of structures with strained silicon is usually carried out by a successive deposition of the Si x Ge y layer and the top Si layer.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein effektives Verfahren für die Herstellung von oberflächennahen Silizium-Halbleiterschichten mit einem hohen Wirkungsgrad auf der Basis von Silizium-Germanium-Stapelstrukturen anzubieten.The The object of the invention is to provide an effective method for the production of near-surface silicon semiconductor layers with a high efficiency based on silicon germanium stacking structures offer.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe mit dem im Patentanspruch 1 dargelegten Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.According to the invention solved the problem with the features set out in claim 1. advantageous Embodiments are given in the subclaims.
Zunächst erfolgt das Einbringen der Germanium-Atome in das Innere des Silizium-Wafers (Si-Wafers) über das Verfahren der Ionenimplantation. Im Ergebnis der Ionenimplantation ergibt sich in einer bestimmten Tiefe des Si-Wafers ein annähernd Gaußförmiges Implantationsprofil in Abhängigkeit von der verwendeten Ionenenergie und Ionendosis. Neben dem Vorteil der präzisen Vorausbestimmbarkeit der erzeugten Fremdatomprofile verfügt die Ionenimplantation allerdings über einen entscheidenden Nachteil, welcher darin besteht, dass die eingeschossenen Ionen einen relativ großen Schaden in Form von Gitterdefekten im einkristallinen Silizium erzeugen. Befinden sich diese zum Beispiel in der Raumladungszone des pn-Überganges der Wafers, kann ein Teil der erzeugten Ladungsträger an den Defekten rekombinieren, wodurch die Effektivität der Zelle maßgeblich vermindert wird.First the introduction of the germanium atoms into the interior of the silicon wafer (Si wafer) via the method of ion implantation. As a result of ion implantation results in a certain depth of the Si wafer, an approximately Gaussian Implantation profile depending on the used Ion energy and ion dose. Besides the advantage of precise Predictability of generated impurity profiles However, the ion implantation has a decisive Disadvantage, which is that the injected ions a relatively large damage in the form of lattice defects produce in monocrystalline silicon. These are for example in the space charge zone of the pn junction of the wafer, can recombine part of the generated charge carriers at the defects, which determines the effectiveness of the cell is reduced.
In
der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die Ausheilung der Defekte dadurch
realisiert, dass der mit Germanium implantierte Silizium-Wafer dem
kurzzeitigen Lichtimpuls aus einer Blitzlampenapparatur, die in
[
Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Energiedichte verwendet, welche das Wafer-Volumen auf eine Temperatur aufheizt, welche zwar unter der Schmelztemperatur von Silizium, die bei = 1412°C liegt, aber höher ist, als die aktuelle Schmelztemperatur im Konzentrationsmaximum der Silizium-Germanium-Mischschicht (SixGey-Mischschicht), denn die Schmelztemperatur von Silizium nimmt mit steigendem Germanium-Gehalt stark ab. Das hat zur Folge, dass die vergrabene Mischschicht aufschmilzt, ohne dass die Silizium-Oberfläche bzw. tiefere Bereiche mit anschmelzen. Nachdem der Energieimpuls vorüber ist, kühlt sich der Wafer aufgrund von Wärmestrahlung ab, wodurch die Temperatur der vergrabenen, flüssigen und Germanium reichen Zwischenschicht unter deren Schmelztemperatur absinkt. Dadurch beginnt die Schicht von den Rändern her zu kristallisieren. Bei der epitaktische Kristallisation wird dabei ein annähernd perfekter, einkristalliner SixGey-Mischkristall gebildet, in dem Silizium und Germanium gleichzeitig in das Gitter eingebaut werden.According to the invention, an energy density is used which heats the wafer volume to a temperature which, although below the melting temperature of silicon, which is at = 1412 ° C, but higher than the current melting temperature in the concentration maximum of the silicon-germanium mixed layer (Si x Ge y mixed layer), because the melting temperature of silicon decreases sharply with increasing germanium content. As a result, the buried mixed layer melts without melting the silicon surface or deeper areas. After the energy pulse is over, the wafer cools due to thermal radiation, whereby the temperature of the buried, liquid and germanium rich intermediate layer drops below its melting temperature. As a result, the layer begins to crystallize from the edges. During epitaxial crystallization, an approximately perfect, monocrystalline Si x Ge y mixed crystal is formed, in which silicon and germanium are simultaneously incorporated into the lattice.
Der wesentliche Vorteil der Blitzlampenbestrahlung gegenüber konventionellen Temperverfahren besteht jedoch darin, dass die Breite des aufgeschmolzenen Tiefenbereiches und damit die Höhe der resultierenden Germanium-Legierung bzw. damit auch die Breite der Bandlücke über die Höhe der eingestrahlten Blitzlampen-Energiedichte eingestellt werden kann.Of the substantial advantage of the flash lamp irradiation opposite However, conventional annealing process is that the width the melted depth range and thus the height of the resulting germanium alloy or thus the width of the Band gap over the height of the irradiated Flash lamp energy density can be adjusted.
Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren hat gegenüber den bekannten Verfahren außerdem die Vorteile: Aufgrund der hohen Temperatur erfolgt in einem einzigen Schritt 1. die Gitterausheilung an den Flanken des implantierten Germanium-Profils, also im nicht geschmolzenen Bereich, womit die Rekombinationsverluste der Ladungsträger in diesem Gebiet stark reduziert werden, und 2. wird in Abhängigkeit von der Höhe der eingestrahlte Energiedichte und von der Form des implantierten Germanium-Profils während dieses einzigen Schrittes die Breite der geschmolzenen Schicht und damit die Breite und Höhe des resultierenden Germanium-Profils eingestellt, wodurch wiederum das Absorbtionsvermögen für das Lichtspektrum optimiert wird.The proposed method has over the known methods In addition, the advantages: Due to the high temperature takes place in a single step 1. the lattice annealing on the flanks of the implanted germanium profile, ie in the non-molten area, with which the recombination losses of the charge carriers in this Area will be greatly reduced, and 2. will depend on from the height of the irradiated energy density and the shape of the implanted germanium profile during this single Step the width of the molten layer and thus the width and height of the resulting germanium profile, which in turn the Absorbtionsvermögen for the Light spectrum is optimized.
Die Einstellung einer bestimmten, vorgegebenen Profilbreite alleine durch Ionenimplantation und konventionelle Temperschritte ist mit den üblichen Technologien nur unter hohem Aufwand, das heißt durch Mehrfachimplantationen bei unterschiedlichen Implantationsenergien, möglich.The Setting a specific, predetermined profile width alone by ion implantation and conventional annealing steps is with the usual technologies only at great expense, that is by multiple implantations at different implantation energies, possible.
Für die Solarzellenproduktion erlaubt das vorgestellte Verfahren die Herstellung hocheffizienter Zellen auf Siliziumbasis unter Einbeziehung vergrabener SixGey Bereiche ohne die Zuhilfenahme kosten- und zeitaufwendiger Mehrfachabscheidungen von SixGey-Schichten oder Mehrfachimplantationsschritten mit Germanium.For solar cell production, the proposed process allows the production of highly efficient silicon-based cells incorporating buried Si x Ge y regions without the aid of costly and time-consuming multiple depositions of Si x Ge y layers or multiple implantation steps with germanium.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Verbesserung der Effizienz von Halbleiterstrukturen kann durch das Verspannen der oberen Silizium-Schicht über der SixGey-Schicht in der Abkühlphase nach der Bestrahlung mit einem Lichtimpuls aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten von Silizium und Germanium erreicht werden, wo durch die Ladungsträgerbeweglichkeit in der oberen Schicht vergrößert wird. Damit lassen sich Bauelementstrukturen mit kürzeren Schaltzeiten realisieren.Another way to improve the efficiency of semiconductor structures can be achieved by straining the top silicon layer over the Si x Ge y layer in the cooling phase after irradiation with a light pulse due to the different expansion coefficients of silicon and germanium, where by the charge carrier mobility in the upper layer is increased. This makes it possible to realize component structures with shorter switching times.
Die Erfindung wird an zwei Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In den zugehörigen Zeichungen zeigtThe The invention will be closer to two embodiments explained. In the accompanying drawings shows
Der
in
Der
in
Ausführungsbeispiel 1Embodiment 1
Die
Anwendung der Erfindung soll am Beispiel der Herstellung einer hocheffizienten
Silizium-Germanium-Solarzelle erläutert werden. Die entsprechende
Vertikalstruktur ist in der
- 1. Implantation von Germanium-Ionen mit einer Energie
von 300 keV und einer Dosis von 3·1017 cm–2 in (100) n-Silizium. Dadurch
wird eine Gaußförmige, vergrabene, Germanium reiche
Schicht
3 mit dem Schwerpunkt in 0,21 mkm Tiefe, einer Breite von 0,09 mkm und einer maximalen Germanium-Konzentration von ca. 30% erzeugt, was zu einer lokalen Reduzierung der Schmelztemperatur um ca. 35 grd führt. - 2. Blitzlampenbestrahlung der Scheibe mit Lichtimpulsen, die
eine Länge von 20 ms und eine Energiedichte oberhalb 130
Jcm–2 besitzen, welche zur Ausbildung
einer vergrabenen Schmelze in der Schicht
3 mit anschließender epitaktischer Rekristallisation und Bildung einer vergrabenen SixGe1-x-Mischschicht führt. Die Breite der geschmolzenen Schicht und damit auch die Höhe der Germanium-Legierung und folglich die Breite der Bandlücke wird dabei durch die verwendete Energiedichte bestimmt. Außerdem erfolgt gleichzeitig, aufgrund der hohen Temperatur, eine Ausheilung der Implantationsschäden an den nicht geschmolzenen Flanken des Germanium-Profils. - 3. Implantation von Bor-Ionen mit einer Energie von ca. 30 keV
und einer Dosis von 1·1015 cm–2 in die Schicht
2 . Damit wird eine p-Dotierung mit dem Konzentrationsmaximum bei ca. 115 nm, also vor der Germanium reichen Schicht, erzeugt. Die Energie- und Ionendosis ist dabei so gewählt, dass sich der pn-Übergang etwa in der Mitte der Germanium reichen Schicht befindet, was für eine optimale Sammlung der erzeugten Ladungsträger in der SixGey-Schicht sorgt. Die Bor-Dotierung erfolgt durch Diffusion von der Oberfläche her. - 4. Ausheilung der Implantationsschäden infolge der Bor-Implantation entweder durch eine weitere Blitzlampenbestrahlung (Lichtimpulsdauer ca. 20 ms) bei einer Energiedichte unterhalb von 130 Jcm–2, wobei die Schmelztemperatur, selbst im Germanium reichen Gebiet, nicht überschritten wird oder durch eine konventionelle Ofenausheilung (z. B. 1000°C, 30 Minuten)
- 5. Herstellung des lichtdurchlässigen ITO-Frontkontaktes
1 und des in der Regel aus Aluminium bestehenden Rückkontaktes5 .
- 1. Implantation of germanium ions with an energy of 300 keV and a dose of 3 · 10 17 cm -2 in (100) n-silicon. This results in a Gaussian, buried, germanium rich layer
3 with a center of gravity of 0.21 mkm depth, a width of 0.09 mkm and a maximum germanium concentration of about 30%, which leads to a local reduction of the melting temperature by about 35 grd. - 2. Flash lamp irradiation of the disk with light pulses having a length of 20 ms and an energy density above 130 Jcm -2 , which is used to form a buried melt in the layer
3 followed by epitaxial recrystallization and formation of a buried Si x Ge 1-x mixed layer leads. The width of the molten layer and thus also the height of the germanium alloy and consequently the width of the band gap is determined by the energy density used. In addition, at the same time, due to the high temperature, an annealing of the implantation damage to the unmelted flanks of the germanium profile. - 3. Implantation of boron ions with an energy of about 30 keV and a dose of 1 × 10 15 cm -2 in the layer
2 , This produces a p-type doping with the concentration maximum at approximately 115 nm, ie before the germanium-rich layer. The energy and ion dose is chosen so that the pn junction is located approximately in the middle of the germanium rich layer, which ensures optimal collection of the generated charge carriers in the Si x Ge y layer. Boron doping occurs by diffusion from the surface. - 4. Healing of the implantation damage as a result of the boron implantation either by further flash lamp irradiation (light pulse duration approx. 20 ms) at an energy density below 130 Jcm -2 , whereby the melting temperature, even in germanium rich area, is not exceeded or by a conventional furnace annealing (eg 1000 ° C, 30 minutes)
- 5. Preparation of the translucent ITO front contact
1 and the usually made of aluminum back contact5 ,
Im Ergebnis des beschriebenen Verfahrens wird eine Solarzelle hergestellt, welche mit Hilfe der Germanium-Implantation und der lokalen, vergrabenen Schmelze bei der Blitzlampenbestrahlung eine, in Bezug auf das Wellenlängenspektrum des einfallenden Lichtes, justierbare Bandlücke besitzt. Durch das höhere Absorptionsvermögen gegenüber langwelligen Lichtanteilen wird damit eine, im Verhältnis zu konventionellen Solarzellen, höhere Effizienz erreicht.As a result of the method described For example, a solar cell is produced which, with the aid of the germanium implantation and the local, buried melt, has a band gap which can be adjusted with respect to the wavelength spectrum of the incident light during flash lamp irradiation. Due to the higher absorption capacity compared to long-wave light components, a higher efficiency is achieved compared to conventional solar cells.
Ausführungsbeispiel 2Embodiment 2
Zur Herstellung von Halbleiterstrukturen auf der Basis von verspanntem Silizium (strained silicon) wird folgendes Verfahren vorgeschlagen:
- 1. In das Kristallgitter des Siliziums wird
zunächst zusätzlich eine größere
Menge von Germanium-Atomen durch Ionenimplantation mit einer Energie
von 200 keV und einer Dosis von 3·1017 cm–2 in den Bereich
7 eingebracht. - 2. Die Struktur wird anschließend einem Blitzlampenimpuls
mit einer Energiedichte ausgesetzt, so dass zwar die Schmelztemperatur
der Germanium reichen, vergrabenen Schicht
7 überschritten wird, jedoch das reine Silizium der Bereiche6 und8 nicht schmilzt. Nachdem der Impuls vorüber ist und die Schmelztemperatur der Germanium reichen Schicht wieder unterschritten wird, kristallisiert die flüssige Germanium reiche Schicht an den fest gebliebenen Rändern epitaktisch und spannungsfrei. Da jedoch die obenliegende Silizium-Schicht6 einen um den Faktor drei höheren Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten besitzt, als die Silizium-Germanium-Schicht7 , wird diese bei der folgenden Abkühlung in horizontaler Richtung gestreckt, was zu einem tensilen Stress in vertikaler Richtung führt.
- 1. In the crystal lattice of silicon is first additionally a larger amount of germanium atoms by ion implantation with an energy of 200 keV and a dose of 3 · 10 17 cm -2 in the range
7 brought in. - 2. The structure is then exposed to a flashlamp pulse with an energy density so that, although the melting temperature of the germanium rich, buried layer
7 is exceeded, but the pure silicon of the areas6 and8th does not melt. After the momentum is over and the melt temperature of the germanium-rich layer is again fallen below, the liquid germanium-rich layer crystallizes on the fixed edges epitaxially and stress-free. However, because the top silicon layer6 has a coefficient of thermal expansion which is three times higher than that of the silicon-germanium layer7 , this is stretched in the subsequent cooling in the horizontal direction, which leads to a tensile stress in the vertical direction.
Dadurch ändert
sich die Bandstruktur des Materials derart, dass die Ladungsträgerbeweglichkeit
in der Silizium-Schicht
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte Nicht-PatentliteraturCited non-patent literature
- - Abedrabbo, S. und Arafak, D. E.: Ion beam mixing of silicon-germanium thin films. Journal of Electrochemical Society, 34 (2005) 468 [0002] - Abedrabbo, S. and Arafak, DE: Ion beam mixing of silicon-germanium thin films. Journal of Electrochemical Society, 34 (2005) 468 [0002]
- - McMahon, R. A.; Smith, M. P.; Seffen, K. A.; Voelskow, M.; Anwand, W.; Skorupa, W.: Flash-lamp annealing of semiconductor materials – Application and process models. Vacuum 81 (2007) 10, S. 1301 bis 1305 [0008] McMahon, RA; Smith, MP; Nephews, KA; Voelskov, M .; Anwand, W .; Skorupa, W .: Flash-annealing of semiconductor materials - Application and process models. Vacuum 81 (2007) 10, pp. 1301 to 1305 [0008]
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US20050272229A1 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2005-12-08 | Min Cao | Strained Si formed by anneal |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
Abedrabbo, S. und Arafak, D. E.: Ion beam mixing of silicon-germanium thin films. Journal of Electrochemical Society, 34 (2005) 468 |
Berti, M. [et.al.]: Laser induced epitaxial regrowth of Si1-xGex/Si layers produced by Geion implantation. In: Applied Surface Science, 1989, Vol.43, S.158-164 * |
McMahon, R. A.; Smith, M. P.; Seffen, K. A.; Voelskow, M.; Anwand, W.; Skorupa, W.: Flash-lamp annealing of semiconductor materials - Application and process models. Vacuum 81 (2007) 10, S. 1301 bis 1305 |
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