DE102008035129B3 - Method and apparatus for producing mineral wool fibers, computer program and machine-readable carrier - Google Patents

Abstract

Device and method for the production of mineral wool fibers with a housing on the front side of a set of horizontally mounted rotors rotating against each other is arranged, being poured on one of these rotors mineral melt and this mineral melt is distributed to the other rotors and dropped with fiber formation of these, with b) the position of the axes of rotation of the rotors (6, 7, 8) relative to each other is independently adjustable, c) the rotors point in partial areas of their circumference Air nozzles (9) for the inflow of process air on d) on the top of each rotor (6, 7, 8) are each binder-distributor plate (10) applied, the supply of binder is infinitely controllable and can also be pulse-like, e) on bottom edge of each part device (1, 2) lower binder nozzles (12) are mounted in the the supply of binder can be controlled in each case.

Description

The The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the production of mineral wool fibers.

There is currently an increasing demand for insulating material made of mineral wool. To produce fibers for the production of mineral wool mineral melts are used, which are still produced in so-called cupolas, which are water-cooled shaft furnaces, with coke as fuel. From the DE 38 75 616 T2 Such a furnace for producing a melt for the production of mineral wool is known.

Here It is assumed that in the production of mineral wool Minerals of silicon and metal oxides or carbonates and / or slag as Raw material to be used. This raw material, mostly rock raw material basalt or diabase type, is generally used in a water-cooled shaft furnace melted and the melt is fed to a spinning device, which transforms the melt into fibers. This is during the Spinning a binder added, due to a thermal Treatment that combines fibers to form a dimensionally stable product to accomplish.

by virtue of of the coke mixed with the mineral raw material the melt leaving the furnace at about 1450 ° C takes place in a reducing atmosphere.

A such melt becomes the peripheral surface of a number, usually four, fast rotating rotors passed. The arranged in pairs Rotors rotate in opposite directions to each other, wherein the main flow of the melt is thrown from the upper rotor is until all the melt from the rotors in the form of melt fibers is thrown out. This process is commonly called a cascade spinning process designated.

Around to cool the fibers and to a conveyor To move, an airflow along the circumference of the rotor of an air distribution unit introduced. Too much cooling of the Melt flow between the rotors is avoided in the interspace no air introduced between the rotors. The air is almost parallel supplied to the rotor axes.

From the DE 691 10 292 T3 For example, a method and apparatus for producing such mineral wool fibers is known.

As prior art in this document is assumed by a device for the formation of mineral wool fibers with a housing with a front side, a set of rotors ( 4 - 7 ), which are each mounted on the front of the housing for rotation about different, substantially horizontal, axes and arranged so that in rotating rotors mineral melt on the outer periphery of the uppermost rotor ( 4 ) of the set is poured onto the outer circumference of the following rotor ( 3 ) or each successive following rotor ( 5 - 7 ) of the set and mineral wool fibers are thrown off the or each subsequent rotor.

Next will be in the DE 691 10 292 T3 assumed by a device for collecting the mineral wool fibers with, in association with the or each subsequent rotor, an air supply slot ( 8th . 9 . 10 ) extending through the front of the housing around and close to that rotor for discharging an airflow close to and substantially parallel to the outer circumference of the rotor having an axial component for axially carrying away the mineral wool fibers from that outer circumference and a guide ( 25 ) for selecting the angle of the discharged air with respect to the axial direction.

The prior art described here corresponds approximately to that in the DE 26 38 412 C3 described. In this document, among other things, reports on what is happening in the cascade spinning in the area around a rotor. The formation of the tufts is hereafter referred to the fact that the fibers form by spinning, or during the fiber production, a continuous veil, which is entrained to some extent by the rotational movement of the rotors, by the mechanical cohesion with the melt adhering to the rotors. At the same time, the veil is ejected to some degree in the axial direction of the rotor until the veil is torn apart by the flow of air to form contiguous tufts in which the fibers are entangled or matted together.

In this prior art is to be achieved that the tangential velocity of the air is optimized at different positions along the slot according to the position of each position, based on the surrounding device. To achieve this object, it is claimed that the guide is at least in the, the last rotor ( 7 ) in the set, slot ( 10 ) is arranged to direct the air which carries the mineral wool fibers axially away from the outer circumference at several different angles to the axial direction, along the length of the slot between a greater angle of not more than 50 ° and a smaller angle that is at least 10 ° smaller than the larger angle, and wherein the air that carries the mineral wool fibers axially away from the outer circumference has a tangential component that rotates with the rotor.

In addition, this known device has a device for spraying a binder onto the fibers by means of a binder atomizer, which is coaxial to the rotor (FIG. 4 - 7 ) is attached.

When Disadvantage of this known device can be considered that the guide is rigid, that the axial and the tangential Speed component of the air through the geometry of the louver are firmly coupled, and that the rotor near flow field of the air substantially by the immutable Gap cross section is determined.

From the EP 1 409 423 B1 Another method and apparatus for producing mineral wool is known.

Here is based on a process for the production of mineral wool with a fiberising device which rotates rotors for forming mineral melt into fibers, wherein a first and a second rotor, which rotate towards each other, the Rotors form an upper pair of rotors, and wherein at least one Rotor, preferably a pair of rotors, arranged under the upper pair of rotors is. Further, mineral melt from a smelting furnace or the like is incorporated therein the shape of a melt jet towards a first position on the mantle surface supplied to the first rotor and mineral melt from the mantle surface of the first rotor in the Form of a drop cascade in the direction of the mantle surface of the ejected second rotor. It will continue to be a first Part of mineral melt formed on the second rotor to fibers and blown off the rotor and a second part of molten metal is ejected from the second rotor in the form of a droplet cascade.

In such a method of the prior art, according to the EP 1 409 423 B1 in that at least 60 percent by weight of the drop cascade ejected from the second rotor are arranged to be thrown toward the mantle surface of the first rotor toward a second position, downstream of the first position, on the mantle surface , Further, it is to be put under protection that a part of mineral melt is formed into fibers on the first rotor and blown off the rotor, and that on the first rotor in the upper pair of rotors, blow-off means for blowing off mineral melt formed into fibers from the mantle surface of the rotor are provided.

Further is proposed in this document, the center of the melt stream to be placed so that they are on the mantle surface of the first fiber manufacturing rotor close to the highest point the rotor impinges and that in addition mineral melt in the Form of a second melt jet is supplied, wherein both beams have different physical properties.

With the method described is, according to the information there, surprising an increase in the output with the same quality reached.

This However, the method does not have features that are substantially superior to the go above cited prior art.

From the GB 2 319 249 A Furthermore, a device for producing vitreous fibers is known with a housing on the front side of a set of horizontally mounted rotors rotating against each other is arranged, being poured onto one of these rotors melt material and this melt material distributed to the other rotors and dropped with fiber formation of these becomes. From this GB 2 319 249 A It is known the position of the axes of rotation of the rotors to each other in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis independently of each other to make horizontally and vertically adjustable.

Also with this device can not yet satisfactory fiber formation be achieved.

Of the The invention is therefore based on the object, the fogging significantly improve in the area between the rotors and at the same time a good transport of mineral fibers in the axial direction and thus an increase to ensure the efficiency.

These Task is solved with a device according to claim 1 or 4 and a method according to claim 7 or 8.

in the The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to figures. They show in detail:

1 : A perspective view of the device according to the invention

2 : A plan view of the arrangement of the rotors

3 : a representation of the adjustment of the rotors

4 : a perspective view of the Strö mungsverhältnisse on the rotors

5 : Cross section through a rotor

6 : an alternative version of air nozzles

In the 1 are two cascade spinning devices according to the invention for the production of mineral wool from the front in a perspective view on a carriage ( 3 ). Here it can be seen that the left cascade spinning device ( 1 ) has a mechanical structure with that of the right cascade spinning device ( 2 ) is identical, but has a mirror-symmetrical arrangement to the structure of the right cascade spinner.

In the 2 are more details in plan view using the example of the left cascade spinner ( 1 ) in particular with regard to the functioning of the rotors.

The rotor housing ( 4 ) contains 4 rotors ( 5 . 6 . 7 . 8th ) have the mutually parallel longitudinal axes, but different diameters, directions and functions.

The smallest diameter rotor ( 5 ) is at the beginning of the process of producing the mineral wool, since the mineral melt is applied to it from above. This supply device of the mineral melt is, for reasons of clarity, not shown. The supply of the mineral melt takes place in the simplest case by the process of dripping or flowing of the hot mineral melt on this rotor ( 5 ) in the upper region of its lateral surface. Due to the rotation of this rotor, the hot mineral melt on the other, also rotating rotors ( 6 . 7 . 8th ). The mineral melt cools down and is entrained by supplying air in the axial direction of the rotors on the lateral surfaces to the front, forming filiform structures are collected in special collection devices as a layer. This fiber layer is later processed into the known mineral wool mats.

to support This process is simultaneously coolant and binder the Air flow added.

The other rotors ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) rotate in opposite directions to each other, the mineral wool in the space area of the respective cascade spinning device in front of the 3 largest rotors ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) is formed.

The air streams necessary for the process of spinning the forming mineral wool threads emerge from air nozzles ( 9 ), each located in the area of a rotor bearing ( 14 ) of the rotor housing ( 4 ) (see also 5 ).

The air nozzles ( 9 ) are distributed around the circumference in the 2 each on the rotors ( 6 ) 7 ) and ( 8th ). The air nozzles ( 9 ) may be arranged distributed over the entire circumference of the respective rotor or in some areas. They are individually remotely controllable, which also includes whole groups of air nozzles ( 9 ) can be switched on or off, so that the air flow flowing along the respective rotor detects only partial areas of the lateral surface of the rotor. It is thus due to the possibility of separate remote control of each air nozzle ( 9 ), any combination of flow-active air nozzles ( 9 ) on each of the rotors ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) during operation.

The air flow can additionally be connected to each air nozzle ( 9 ) are infinitely varied not only in intensity but also pulse-controlled remotely. In a pulsed operation on an air nozzle ( 9 ) there is the additional possibility to vary the pulse-pause ratio.

For this possibility of separate control of each individual air nozzle ( 9 ) of each rotor ( 6 . 7 . 8th ), each of these air nozzles is separately adjustable with regard to the direction of its outflow opening (cf. 6 ).

By means of the combination of the possibilities described, the intensity and the direction of the air flow at each of the air nozzles ( 9 ), it is possible to adapt the process of mineral wool formation to changed operating parameters. Here are, for example, the composition and the temperature of the mineral melt, their viscosity, the temperature of the operating room or the prevailing air pressure to call.

The Number of such adjustment operations can In doing so, either changes that were considered significant change the operating parameters direct or by means of sensors are the the quality capture the generated mineral wool in real time and make relevant changes to a control unit for further signal processing.

When Sensors for recording the quality of the produced mineral wool For example, optical sensors can be considered that measure the density detect the mineral wool produced by fluoroscopy. As sensors infrared sensors are suitable or even for example Sensors based on ultrasound.

There changes possibly in the production process of mineral wool also by a changed Odor noticeable, come to the detection also olfactory Measuring method into consideration. That is, the occurrence of certain gas concentrations, with changes Correlate in the production process is used in preliminary experiments of persons recorded, tabulated and serves as a basis for metrological monitoring.

Next are in the 2 in plan view on each of the rotors ( 5 . 6 . 7 . 8th ) each 6 coolant outlet openings ( 11 ). Through these openings ( 11 ) is additionally injected to cool the mineral melt a coolant in the process of fiber formation. The number of these coolant openings is merely exemplary.

Again, the access of coolant at each coolant outlet opening individually remotely controlled and, as with the air nozzles ( 9 ), be operated impulsively. If necessary, a change in the direction of radiation of the coolant can also be considered as a further development.

The supply of binder necessary for the formation of mineral wool takes place through one or more channels in the longitudinal direction of each of the rotors ( 6 . 7 . 8th ). The effluent binder bounces on the underside of the 2 Binder distribution surface ( 10 ), is determined by the rotation of the respective cylinder ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) radially accelerated, to the edge of the binder-distribution surface ( 10 ), where it is caught by the passing air, and spun into the mineral wool threads. On the underside, or the apparatus side, of the binder distributor surface, substantially radially extending, vortex-like structures may be provided which, in conjunction with the rotation of the respective rotor, impart an additional twist to the outflowing binder.

In addition, in the 2 at the bottom of the cascade spinner more lower binder nozzles ( 12 ) shown in a wavy, the rotors ( 7 . 8th ) limiting, line are arranged. These lower binder nozzles ( 12 ) are separately controllable, remotely modifiable in the direction of radiation and can eject binder separately pulse-like.

In the 3 is shown that the rotors ( 6 ) 7 ) and ( 8th ) can be adjusted in each case in horizontal and / or vertical direction with respect to their longitudinal axis. This means that the distance of the rotors from each other and in relation to the housing dimensions is adjustably applied in order to be able to react, inter alia, to changes in the viscosity of the mineral melt.

Furthermore, both the rotational speed of the individual rotors ( 5 . 6 . 7 . 8th ) can be set remotely steplessly separately, as well as the direction of rotation can be changed remotely.

On this way you can the flow conditions the mineral melt to all conceivable changes in the operating parameters be adjusted.

Here are, for example, the composition and the temperature of the mineral melt, their quantity, their viscosity, the temperature of the operating room or the prevailing air pressure to call.

In the 4 is a perspective view of the flow conditions on the rotors shown. It is here the outflowing coolant at the coolant outlet openings ( 11 ) of the rotors ( 5 . 6 . 7 . 8th ) and the escaping binder on the rotors ( 5 . 6 . 7 ) in the manner of a flow simulation.

In the 5 the cross section is represented by a rotor. Here is an example of one of the rotors ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) shown in cross section. This rotor is in a warehouse ( 14 ) fixed to the rotor housing ( 4 ) connected is. In the area of the rotor bearing ( 14 ) are on both sides air nozzles ( 9 ) shown on opposite sides of hemispherical domes on the one hand with the camp ( 14 ) and on the other hand with a control device ( 13 ) are connected. For example, piezoelectric actuators can be used for the control.

The binder feed ( 15 ) runs, for example, in the central axis of the rotor shown and opens in the middle of the binder - distribution plate shown in cross-section ( 10 ). The coolant supply ( 16 ) can also be seen in this view.

In the 6 an alternative embodiment of air nozzles is shown. Thus, under A is a normal nozzle as a purely controllable connecting element and under B a so-called Laval nozzle with guide grooves for the air flow can be seen.

In order to ensure a satisfactory production of mineral wool and to prevent dripping of mineral melt, different settings of the adjustable elements are tested in preliminary tests at different operating parameters. These preliminary test results enter the control program of the plant as control parameters. Thus, the program is able to detect deviations in the quality of mineral wool by means of appropriate sensors and by auto automatic adjustment of the radiation directions and / or intensities of corresponding nozzles to react automatically.

To increase the efficiency, it makes sense, in view of the diverse control options of the device according to the invention to install several devices one above the other. Because in this way several sub-devices can easily be matched in principle and the entire operating result can be optimized. Thus, for example, when doubling a plant after the 1 a total of 4 plants working together. With the addition of only one subdevice ( 1 ) or ( 2 ) results in an overall arrangement in the form of a triangle, which can be expected a particularly harmonious flow distribution of the entire system.

however Even the operation of a sub-device offers a wide field of optimizations of the prevailing operating parameters.

1

left cascade spinning device (sub-device 1 )

2

right cascade spinning device (sub-device 2 )

3

gun carriage

4

rotor housing

5

1. Rotor (melt entry)

6

Second Rotor (distribution and spinning and forwarding)

7

Third Rotor (distribution and spinning and forwarding)

8th

4th Rotor (distribution and spinning)

9

air nozzle

10

Binder distribution plate

11

Coolant outlet opening

12

lower binder nozzle

13

control device for one air nozzle

14

rotor bearing

15

Binder supply

16

Coolant supply

Claims (11)

Apparatus for producing mineral wool fibers with a housing, on the front side of which a set of horizontally mounted, rotating rotors is arranged, wherein on one of these rotors mineral melt is poured and this mineral melt is distributed to the other rotors and discarded with fiber formation of these, with the following features: a) the device consists of two mirror-symmetrical sub-devices ( 1 . 2 ), wherein the respective rotors of this overall device run counter to each other in the direction of rotation, b) the position of the axes of rotation of the rotors ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) to each other is in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis independently of each other horizontally and vertically adjustable, c) the rotors have in the region of their circumference air nozzles ( 9 ) to the inflow of process air, wherein the direction of the air nozzles ( 9 ) and the intensity of the air flow separately remotely controlled and continuously adjustable and in addition a remote controlled pulse operation is possible, d) on the top of each rotor ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) are each binder distribution plate ( 10 ) is attached, is entrained at the edge leaving binder from the process air and wherein the supply of binder is infinitely adjustable remotely adjustable and can also be pulse-like, e) at the bottom of each sub-device ( 1 . 2 ) are lower binder nozzles ( 12 ), in which the supply of binder in each case infinitely adjustable remotely adjustable, can also be fed in pulses and wherein in each case the radiation direction of each nozzle ( 12 ) is remotely controlled steplessly. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that an extra identical device over or under the existing device, wherein the Supply of mineral melt over separate lines takes place. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional sub-device ( 1 ) or ( 2 ) is disposed above or below the existing device, wherein the supply of mineral melt takes place via a separate line Device for the production of mineral wool fibers with a housing on the front side of a set of horizontally mounted rotors rotating against each other is arranged, wherein on one of these rotors mineral melt is poured and this mineral melt is distributed to the other rotors and dropped with fiber formation of these, with the the following features: a) the position of the axes of rotation of the rotors ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) to each other is horizontally and vertically independently adjustable in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, b) the rotors have in the region of their circumference air nozzles ( 9 ) to the inflow of process air, wherein the direction of the air nozzles ( 9 ) and the intensity of the air flow separately remotely controlled and continuously adjustable and in addition a remote controlled pulse operation is possible, c) on the top of each rotor ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) are each binder distribution plate ( 10 ) attached, is entrained at the edge escaping binder from the process air, the supply of binder is steplessly remotely adjustable and can also pulse-like, d) at the bottom of the device are lower binder nozzles ( 12 ), in which the supply of binder in each case infinitely adjustable remotely adjustable, can also be fed in pulses and wherein in each case the radiation direction of each nozzle ( 12 ) is remotely controlled steplessly. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air nozzles ( 9 ) are shaped in the manner of Laval nozzles. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that sensors for detecting all relevant operating parameters the mechanical equipment and the production result are, with photometrically oriented sensors, ultrasonic sensors and / or sensors for detecting gas concentrations come into question. A method for the production of mineral wool fibers using a housing on the front of a set of horizontally mounted rotors rotating against each other is arranged, wherein on one of these rotors mineral melt is poured and this mineral melt is distributed to the other rotors and dropped with fiber formation of these, with the following characteristics: a) the process is carried out using two mirror-symmetrical sub-devices ( 1 . 2 ), wherein the respective rotors of this overall device run counter to each other in the direction of rotation, b) the position of the axes of rotation of the rotors ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) are mutually adjusted horizontally and vertically in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, c) the rotors are in partial areas of their circumference with air nozzles ( 9 ) to the inflow of process air, wherein the direction of the air nozzles ( 9 ) and the intensity of the air flow separately remotely controlled and continuously adjusted and also a remote controlled pulse operation is possible. d) on the top of each rotor ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) are each binder distribution plate ( 10 ) is attached, is entrained at the edge leaving binder from the process air, the supply of binder is infinitely remotely controlled and can also pulse-like, e) at the bottom of the device lower binder nozzles ( 12 ), in which the supply of binder is in each case set steplessly remote-controlled, can additionally be supplied in a pulse-like manner and wherein in each case the radiation direction of each nozzle ( 12 ) is remotely steplessly changed. A method for the production of mineral wool fibers using a housing on the front of a set of horizontally mounted rotors rotating against each other is arranged, wherein on one of these rotors mineral melt is poured and this mineral melt is distributed to the other rotors and dropped with fiber formation of these, with the following characteristics: a) the position of the axes of rotation of the rotors ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) are mutually adjusted horizontally and vertically in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, b) the rotors are in partial areas of their circumference with air nozzles ( 9 ) to the inflow of process air, wherein the direction of the air nozzles ( 9 ) and the intensity of the air flow separately remotely controlled and continuously adjusted and also a remote controlled pulse operation is possible. c) on top of each rotor ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) are each binder distribution plate ( 10 ), at the edge escaping binder is entrained by the process air, wherein the supply of binder is infinitely remotely controlled and can also pulse-like, d) at the bottom of the device lower binder nozzles ( 12 ), in which the supply of binder is in each case set steplessly remote-controlled, can additionally be supplied in a pulse-like manner and wherein in each case the radiation direction of each nozzle ( 12 ) is remotely steplessly changed. Method according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized that sensors for recording all relevant operating parameters of mechanical equipment and the manufacturing result are, with photometrically oriented sensors, ultrasonic sensors and / or sensors for detecting gas concentrations come into question. Computer program with a program code for carrying out the Method steps according to one of claims 7 to 9, when the program running in a computer becomes. Machine-readable carrier with the program code of a Computer program for implementation of the method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, when the program running in a computer becomes.