DE102008032138A1 - Motor vehicle, has switch electrically interconnecting starter supply line and load-supply line at area spaced from accumulator, and electrical generator that is connected with accumulator by starter supply line - Google Patents

Abstract

The vehicle (10) has an electrical starter (S), an additional electrical load (V) and an accumulator (A) i.e. battery, for electrical energy, where a starter-supply line (12) is guided from the accumulator to the starter. A load-supply line (14) is guided from the accumulator to the additional electrical load or to an electrical distributor. A switch (R) electrically interconnects the starter supply line and the load-supply line at an area spaced from the accumulator. An electrical generator (G) is connected with the accumulator by the starter supply line. An independent claim is also included for a method for operating an electrical starter.

Description

The The invention relates to a motor vehicle with an electric starter, with a memory for electrical Energy and with supply lines for the starter and for more electrical consumers according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also includes a method of operation an electric starter with a storage for electrical energy in one Motor vehicle.

The Motor vehicle thus has an electric starter for starting an internal combustion engine, wherein the energy for operating the Starters a store for electrical energy, such. B. an accumulator or a battery, is removed. This memory is also housed in the vehicle and over a starter supply line connected to the starter. The starter supply line thus leads from the memory to the engine of the motor vehicle, where the starter is appropriate. To provide a return to close the electrical circuit are electrical consumers like the Starter and electrical sources such as the store on the bodywork grounded of the motor vehicle.

At the Engine is also a generator, which is the electrical consumers supplied in the vehicle with the engine running. The starter supply line is also used to connect the generator to the memory, so that it can be recharged while the engine is running. Thus flows when starting the engine, a starter current from the memory to the starter, while with the engine running, a generator current via an interconnector to the starter and over there the starter supply line flows to the store.

The Supply of electrical consumers and systems of the motor vehicle done via a separate consumer supply line emanating from the memory. She is usually over led a distributor, in which there are fuses for various consumer circuits are located.

The resulting indirect connection of the generator with the consumers via the Starter supply line, the store and the consumer supply line has the advantage that the voltage supplied by the generator in its smoothed over time becomes. Although the principle voltage generated by the generator already rectified at the generator. The DC voltage thus generated however, still has a significant degree of waviness, affect the electrical consumer in their functionality can. Due to the buffering effect of the memory becomes the ripple the generator voltage and the generator current sufficiently reduced.

The Storage of the storage for The electrical energy in the engine compartment is present in modern vehicles because of the big one Dimensions of the engine block with the starter and the generator on Problem. The approach of storing in another area of the Vehicle such. B. to accommodate the trunk, has the consequence that both the starter supply line as well as the consumer supply line designed to be correspondingly long have to be. This increases the electrical resistance of these lines. To a heating the starter supply line by the comparatively large To avoid starter current when starting the engine, must be a conduit with enlarged conductor cross section be used. A displacement of the memory from the engine compartment brings thus the disadvantage with it, that the weight of the motor vehicle because of the longer and thicker lines increases.

It is therefore an object of the present invention, in a motor vehicle with an electric starter and a storage for electrical Energy a possibility to provide that the memory so housed in the motor vehicle can be that economy and efficiency in operation of the motor vehicle is not affected become.

The Task is in a vehicle according to the teaching of the claim 1 solved. The solution also belongs a method according to claim 7. Advantageous versions the articles of the invention are in the subclaims described.

One Motor vehicle according to the invention allows it thus, the starter supply line and the consumer supply line via means for interconnecting electrically connect. Since the two lines already have theirs common connection to the memory electrically connected are, the second connection gives the means of connection a parallel connection of the starter supply line and the consumer supply line. The means for connecting have the property that they are an interruptible element or a self-interrupting element Element. An interruptible element can, for. B. a switch be with associated connection cables. A self-interrupting element is z. B. a diode with associated leads because diodes a current flow independently dependent on allow or block the voltage.

The parallel connection of the two supply lines has the advantage that the effective line cross-section of the connection between the memory and the starter is increased. This makes it possible to use a cable with a comparatively small cross-section for the actual starter supply line. If, for the starting process of the engine, the two supply lines are connected in parallel with the means for connecting, a connection with a sufficiently large cross section is available in order to guide the starter current from the store to the starter. The fact that there is also a direct connection between the starter and the electrical consumers, that is to say also between the generator and the electrical consumers, through the means for connecting, is unproblematic. During the starting process, the generator does not supply any current, so that no smoothing by the memory is necessary.

The Means for connecting are advantageously close to the starter between the starter supply line and the consumer supply line brought in. Thus, that portion of the electrical Connection between memory and starter, its effective cross-section is increased by the parallel connection of the two supply lines, one possible huge Share of the entire connection between memory and starter. from Memory seen, so measured from the connection of the starter supply line at the memory, is the contact point of the means for connecting at the starter supply line effectively at least 30 cm, preferably but at least 1 meter further from the store than the port the starter supply line at the store.

To Termination of the boot process can be done by interrupting the flow of current be achieved in the means of connection, that of the generator outgoing generator current initially via the starter supply line is led to the memory, before he over the consumer supply line fed to the consumers becomes. Thus, the smoothing effect restored.

Of the Memory for The electrical energy can, for example, by an accumulator or a battery can be realized. In the event that the memory is an accumulator leaves this over with the engine running Charge the starter supply line through the generator.

The Means for connecting between the starter supply line and The consumer supply line can be powered by a relay, a Semiconductor switching element, such as B. a power transistor, or by a diode be realized together with corresponding connection cables. In the case, that a relay or a semiconductor switching element are used, There is the advantage that the parallel connection of the two supply lines can be made or interrupted by a control signal. For the Case that the connection between the supply lines over a Diode is manufactured, the desired interconnection of the two Supply lines during the starting process or when the engine is running automatically by the Directivity of the diode can be achieved.

The Parallel connection of the supply lines or the separation the parallel connection is advantageously achieved by a control device, allowing or interrupting the flow of current through the Means for connecting in dependence from one of the control device detected or predetermined Operating state of the starter or the generator causes. So can For example, that can be achieved through the means of connecting A current flow is allowed while the starter is engaged is. Another switching criterion could be that supplied by the generator Be tension. For the case that uses a diode in the means for connecting is a control device implicitly realized by that by the mode of action of the diode with a suitable interconnection Ver equal between the voltage supplied by the generator and the Voltage at the memory takes place.

Farther it is advantageous if the memory in the rear of the motor vehicle, especially housed in a trunk there is. So is the memory for Easily accessible for installation or maintenance. By the relocation the memory from the engine compartment results there additionally More space. The means for connecting can then in the vehicle be located elsewhere than in the rear, especially in the front area (engine compartment) of the motor vehicle.

Based of exemplary embodiments the invention will be explained in more detail below. The figures show

1 a schematic representation of the objects relevant to the description of the invention during the phase of the start of a motor vehicle,

2 the objects out 1 with the engine running the motor vehicle and

3 a schematic representation with an alternative selection of the relevant objects for the description of the invention.

In the 1 be the outlines of a motor vehicle 10 represented by dashed lines. The front of the motor vehicle 10 points in the figure to the left, in the direction of the arrow on the left edge the Figure. The car 10 is divided into three areas by two dividing lines shown in dashed lines. In the left area, the front area, there is the engine compartment. The area lying on the right in the figure is the rear area of the motor vehicle 10 in which, for example, the trunk is located. Between the front area and the rear area is located in the central area z. B. the passenger cabin. In the front area a motor M can be seen, to which a starter S and a generator G are coupled. In the rear area, a storage A is housed for electrical energy, via a starter supply line 12 connected to the starter S. A consumer supply line 14 leads from memory A to a consumer V in the front area. The starter supply line 12 and the consumer supply line 14 are connected via means for connecting, here with a scarf ter R, at a point in the front area. The switch R is switched by a control device SV. This is symbolized by a dashed line control connection. The control device SV is connected to the starter S, so that the control can be made depending on whether the starter S is active or not. Alternatively, the controller SV may also be configured to close the switch R and at the same time to activate the starter S or as soon as the engine is running and the generator supplies sufficient voltage to deactivate the starter S and to open the switch R.

In the 1 a startup process is shown. The motor M and the generator G are not active, which is symbolized by hatching. Since the starter S is active, the switch R is closed by the control device SV. The starter S pulls the starter current IS. In the figure, this current is in the connection 16 of the starter S indicated by a counting arrow. The starter current IS and the load current IV consumed by the consumer are supplied by the store A. Through the parallel connection of the starter supply line 12 and the consumer supply line 14 divides the current taken from the memory A into two partial streams. Through the starter supply line 12 flows a part of the starter current IS, this part is denoted in the figure with IS1. The remaining part IS2 of the starter current IS and the load current IV are via the consumer supply line 14 guided. About the closed switch R, the two partial currents IS1 and IS2 to the starter current IS in the connection line 16 of the starter S merged. Since the generator G is not active, the generator current IG from the generator G to the starter S is equal to zero. To obtain closed circuits, the memory A, the consumer V, and the engine block (with the generator G and the starter S) are connected via a common ground.

In the 2 is the schematic representation of a motor vehicle similar to that in the 1 shown. In contrast to 1 provides the 2 the motor vehicle with the engine M running. Thus, the motor M and the generator G are active, the starter S is on the other hand disabled. The generator G supplies a generator current IG, via an intermediate connection to the starter S and werter via the connecting line 16 the starter S and the starter supply line 12 is led to the memory A. From there, a load current IV flows through the consumer supply line 14 to the consumer V. Since the switch R is opened, a direct feed of the generator current IG is prevented in the consumer V.

In the 3 is the schematic representation of a motor vehicle similar to that in the 2 shown. In contrast to 2 the control device SV is not connected to the starter S. Furthermore, in the place of the consumer there is a distributor V, through which consumers protected by fuses can be supplied. In the figure, only the fuses are indicated. Instead of the downstream consumers each dashed lines are shown.

There the control device SV, which switches the switch R, not with connected to the starter S, the switching process of others Measured variables made dependent are not shown in the figure, however.

In all three embodiments is achieved by the subject invention that for the operation of the starter S an enlarged line cross section through the parallel connection of the supply lines 12 . 14 is available. Furthermore, a smoothing of the generator current IG is made possible with the engine running, that the generator current IG is passed through the memory A to the consumer V or to the distributor V.

Claims (8)

Motor vehicle ( 10 ) with an electric starter (S), at least one further electrical load (V) and an accumulator (A) for electrical energy, wherein - a starter supply line ( 12 ) leads from the memory (A) to the starter (S) - and a consumer supply line ( 14 ) leads from the memory (A) to the at least one further electrical consumer (V) or to an electrical distributor (V), characterized in that - the motor vehicle ( 10 ) Means (R) for connecting, with which the starter supply line ( 12 ) and the consumer supply line ( 14 ) at one of the memory (A) spaced location are electrically connected to each other. Motor vehicle ( 10 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that an electrical generator (G) via the starter supply line ( 12 ) is connected to the memory (A). Motor vehicle ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the memory (A) is an accumulator or a battery. Motor vehicle ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (R) for connecting comprise a switch or a relay or a semiconductor switching element. Motor vehicle ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the motor vehicle ( 10 ) has a control device (SV) and the means (R) for connection by the control device (SV) in response to a detected by the control device (SV) or predetermined operating state of the starter (S) or the generator (G) are switchable. Motor vehicle ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the means (R) for connecting comprise a diode. Motor vehicle ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the memory (A) in the rear of the motor vehicle ( 10 ) is arranged and the means (R) for connecting at a location other than in the rear of the motor vehicle ( 10 ) are arranged. Method for operating an electric starter (S) with an accumulator (A) for electrical energy in a motor vehicle ( 10 ) with at least one further electrical consumer (V) and a starter supply line ( 12 ), which leads from the memory (A) to the starter (S), and a consumer supply line ( 14 ) leading from the memory (A) to the at least one further electrical load (V) or to an electrical distributor (V), comprising the steps of: a) at least partially connecting the starter supply line in parallel ( 12 ) and the consumer supply line ( 14 ) with means (R) for connecting, b) operating the starter (S) with the memory (A), and c) interrupting the electrical connection (R) between starter supply line ( 12 ) and consumer supply line ( 14 ).