DE102008029502A1 - Thermal hybrid engine, has catalyser, where exhaust gas leaving catalyser leaves as cold exhaust gas over exhaust line, turbocharger and heat pump/air-conditioning system/evaporator, which is evacuated before filling fluid - Google Patents

Thermal hybrid engine, has catalyser, where exhaust gas leaving catalyser leaves as cold exhaust gas over exhaust line, turbocharger and heat pump/air-conditioning system/evaporator, which is evacuated before filling fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102008029502A1
DE102008029502A1 DE102008029502A DE102008029502A DE102008029502A1 DE 102008029502 A1 DE102008029502 A1 DE 102008029502A1 DE 102008029502 A DE102008029502 A DE 102008029502A DE 102008029502 A DE102008029502 A DE 102008029502A DE 102008029502 A1 DE102008029502 A1 DE 102008029502A1
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Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
steam
exhaust gas
catalyser
exhaust
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DE102008029502A
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German (de)
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Rudolf Menge
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/065—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • F01K27/02—Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/045—Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly
    • F02B29/0462—Liquid cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0481—Intake air cooling by means others than heat exchangers, e.g. by rotating drum regenerators, cooling by expansion or by electrical means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

The engine has a compression-proof heat exchanger (16) cooled by fluid e.g. alcohol, such that an internal combustion engine (1) e.g. Otto motor, is cooled in a low pressure region. The fluid is preheated and retained under pressure in the heat exchanger for being supplied to an injection system. Exhaust gas leaving a catalyser (4) delivers residual heat to supply air of the internal combustion engine, and leaves as a cold exhaust gas over an exhaust line (6), a turbocharger (2) and heat pump/air-conditioning system/evaporator (23), which is evacuated before filling the fluid.

Description

Die Erfindung soll die gesamte Abwärme der Verbrennungsmaschine und seiner Komponenten nutzen. Die Verbrennungsmaschine kann vorerst dabei an sich unverändert bleiben. Notwendige Prozesswärme, die bei der Kondensation von Kältemitteln anfällt, wird der Ansaugluft zugesetzt. Dies gilt auch für die Hochdruckseite der Wärmepumpe/Klimakompressors. Der Motor wird vollkommen vor Wärmeverlust geschützt. Die Wärme wird mit Hilfe eines niedrig siedenden Fluid in Dampf umgewandelt, der zur Erzeugung des Drehmomentes genutzt wird.The Invention is the entire waste heat use the combustion engine and its components. The combustion engine For the time being, it can remain unchanged stay. Necessary process heat, in the condensation of refrigerants accrues, is added to the intake air. This also applies to the high-pressure side of the heat pump / air conditioning compressor. The engine is completely out of heat loss protected. The heat is converted into steam by means of a low-boiling fluid, the is used to generate the torque.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Verbrennungsmotoren wandeln bis 60% der eingesetzten Energie in ein Drehmoment um. Verluste entstehen durch den Verdichtungsprozess, Reibungswärme und Verbrennungswärme. Die Nutzung der Abwärme ist nahe liegend. Genau wie die Wärme die entsteht durch reine Verdichtung der Ansaugluft. Dieser Prozess ist dem einer Wärmepumpe ähnlich. Der Stand der Technik ist die Abwärme über Kühlung durch Luft/Wasser an die Umwelt abzugeben.combustion engines convert up to 60% of the energy used into a torque. losses arise through the compression process, frictional heat and Combustion heat. The use of waste heat is obvious. Just like the heat that comes from pure Compression of the intake air. This process is similar to that of a heat pump. Of the The state of the art is the waste heat through cooling Air / water to the environment.

Zu anderen Erfindungen: Wie in anderen Erfindungen beschrieben, arbeiten diese mit Dampf unter hohem Druck, direkt im Kühlkreislauf, oder mit ausgasenden Flüssigkeiten. Dieses führt zu einer ganzen Reihen von Problemen. Unter anderem zu Abdichtungsproblemen der Verbrennungsmaschine, da die entstehenden Drücke enorm sind. Zum anderen bewirkt das Ausgasen bei Wasser/Alkohol Gemischen oder Wasser/Ammoniak Gemischen Gasstöße und ein unkontrollierbares Ansteigen von Gasmengen sowie ein verdrängen des Kühlmittels durch Blasenbildung im Kühlkreislauf. Die Folge sind Überhitzung und Verwerfung im Metallgefüge der Motoren und führen so zur Zerstörung der Triebwerke.To Other Inventions: As described in other inventions, work these with steam under high pressure, directly in the cooling circuit, or with outgassing Liquids. This leads to a whole series of problems. Among other things to sealing problems the combustion engine, since the resulting pressures are enormous. On the other hand causes the outgassing of water / alcohol mixtures or water / ammonia Mixtures of gas shocks and a uncontrollable increase of gas quantities as well as a displacement of the refrigerant by blistering in the cooling circuit. The result is overheating and rejection in the metal structure the engines and lead so to destruction the engines.

11
Verbrennungsmotor gekühlt mit Kühlöl über Wärmetauscher 16 und Pumpe 5 Internal combustion engine cooled with cooling oil via heat exchanger 16 and pump 5
22
Abgasturbolader verdichtet warme Luft vorturbocharger condenses warm air
33
Abgaswärmerückgewinnung über KreuzstromwärmetauscherExhaust heat recovery via cross-flow heat exchanger
44
Dampferzeuger hier wird der heiße Alkohol zu Dampfsteam generator this is the hot one Alcohol to steam
55
Kühlmittelpumpe mit 16 stellen sie die Motorenkühlung sicherCoolant pump with 16 ensure the engine cooling
66
Abgasleitung, Restwärme wird der Zuluft zugesetztExhaust pipe residual heat the supply air is added
77
Abgas kaltexhaust cold
88th
Ansaugluftintake
99
Dampfmaschinesteam engine
1010
entspannter Dampfrelaxed steam
1111
HochdruckleitungHigh-pressure line
1212
Ausgleichsbehältersurge tank
1313
Rückschlagventilecheck valves
1414
Entlüftungsventilevent valves
1515
EinspritzventileInjectors
1616
Motorkühlung Gegenstrom WärmetauscherEngine cooling countercurrent heat exchangers
1717
Hochdruckpumpe für Verflüssigung und Einspritzunghigh pressure pump for liquefaction and injection
1818
Verflüssiger für den Dampf, unter Druck wird der Alkohol kondensiertCondenser for the steam, under pressure, the alcohol is condensed
19 und 2019 and 20
Dampfventile zur Steuerung der Dampfmaschinesteam valves for controlling the steam engine
2121
Verdichter der Wärmepumpe/Klimaanlagecompressor the heat pump / air conditioning
2222
Wärmepumpe/Klimaanlage Hochdruckseite KondensatorHeat pump / air conditioning High pressure side condenser
2323
Wärmepumpe/Klimaanlage VerdampferHeat pump / air conditioning Evaporator
2424
Alkohol flüssig vorgewärmtalcohol liquid preheated
2525
Alkohol flüssig heißalcohol liquid hot
2626
Abgas heißexhaust hot
2727
Rücklauf Kaltdampf AlkoholReturn cold vapor alcohol

Claims (1)

Die Nutzung des Verbrennungsmotors als von innen angetriebene Wärmepumpe und die nachfolgend angeführten Punkte worin es um das Wirkprinzip des Wärmehybridmotors geht. 1. Das sonst übliche Kühlwasser wird durch eine ölige Flüssigkeit ersetzt zum Beispiel Silikonöl. 2. Dieses Öl wird mit einer Umwälzpumpe 5 einem Wärmetauscher 16 zugeführt. 3. Dieser Wärmetauscher 16 ersetzt den Fahrzeugkühler und wird mit einer Flüssigkeit gekühlt, die einen Siedepunkt weit unterhalb von 100°C aufweist, wie zum Beispiel Alkohol, seine Derivate, oder eine ähnliche Flüssigkeit, wie Aceton oder Methanol. Dadurch kann der Verbrennungsmotor im Niederdruckbereich gekühlt werden. Die Hochdruckseite ist durch den Wärmetauscher druckseitig entkoppelt. 4. In diesem druckfesten Wärmetauscher 16 wird die Flüssigkeit vorgewärmt und unter Druck gehalten, um einer Einspritzanlage 15 zugeführt zu werden. 5. Diese Einspritzanlage 15 sitzt auf dem Katalysator 4, der anstatt des Abgaskrümmers 4 montiert ist und als Wärmeübertrager arbeitet. 6. Die Kühlung des Katalysators erfolgt im innern. Der sich stark erwärmende Katalysator 4 (im weiteren Abgaswärmeübertrager 4 genannt) wird im Inneren durch Kapillaren 4.1., in denen der Dampf entsteht, gekühlt. Es entsteht also Dampf und die Zerstörung des Katalysators (Abgaswärmeübertrager) wird durch die Wärmeabführung des Dampfes verhindert. Durch die Möglichkeit der Steuerung der Temperatur des Abgaswärmeübertragers wird eine optimale Dampfproduktion gewährleistet und die Reaktionstemperatur des Katalysators wird steuerbar. 7. Die Dampferzeugung im Abgaswärmeübertrager. Der Abgaswärmeübertrager 4 besteht aus Kapillaren 4.1., die von außen katalytisch beschichtet sind. Eine oder mehrere Kapillaren 4.1. werden von einem Einspritzventil 15 im Bruchteil von Sekunden gefüllt, wenn die im Kapillarrohr 4.1. gemessene Temperatur ausreicht um die vorgewärmte Flüssigkeit zu überhitzen und somit sofort in Dampf umzuwandeln. Da nicht die gesamte Fuidmenge zum Siedepunkt gebracht wird sondern nur ein Teil ist eine schnelle Dampferzeugung die Folge. 8. Hat der Druck in den Kapillaren 4.1. Hochdruck erreicht, öffnet sich ein zweites Ventil 13 das den Hochdruckdampf zu einem Ausgleichsbehälter freigibt. Ist die Flüssigkeit vollständig in Dampf umgewandelt, herrscht Druckausgleich vor und hinter diesem Ventil. Ventil 13 schließt, wie ein Rückschlagventil. Diese Kapillaren lassen sich nicht erneut fluten, da sie unter Hochdruck stehen. Sie werden von einem dritten Ventil 14 entlüftet. Diese Entlüftung erfolgt in den Sekundärkreislauf (Abdampf kalt) der Dampfmaschine. 9. Der Dampf wird mit der Ansaugluft im Wärmeübertrager 18 kondensiert. 10. Die Pumpe 17 muss in der Lage sein, den zugeführten Alkoholdampf zum einen zu verflüssigen und so unter Druck zu setzen, dass im Wärmeübertrager 16 das Fluid mit Sicherheit flüssig bleibt. 11. Der Ausdehnungsbehälter 12 dient dazu eine gleichmäßige Dampfproduktion zu gewährleisten. 12. Die Abgase, die den Wärmeübertrager 4 verlassen geben im Wärmetauscher 3 ihre Restwärme an die Zuluft des Motors ab und verlassen über die Leitung 6 und Turbolader 2 und Wärmepumpe/Klimaanlage/Verdampfer 23 das System als kaltes Abgas. 13. Die Anlage muss vor dem Befüllen mit jeder Art von Fluid evakuiert werden, es darf sich kein freier Sauerstoff im System befinden.The use of the internal combustion engine as a heat pump driven from the inside and the following points in which it comes to the operating principle of the thermal hybrid engine. 1. The usual cooling water is replaced by an oily liquid, for example silicone oil. 2. This oil comes with a circulation pump 5 a heat exchanger 16 fed. 3. This heat exchanger 16 replaces the vehicle radiator and is cooled with a liquid having a boiling point well below 100 ° C, such as alcohol, its derivatives, or a similar liquid, such as acetone or methanol. As a result, the internal combustion engine can be cooled in the low pressure range. The high-pressure side is decoupled from the pressure side by the heat exchanger. 4. In this pressure-resistant heat exchanger 16 The liquid is preheated and kept under pressure to an injection system 15 to be fed. 5. This injection system 15 sits on the catalyst 4 , instead of the exhaust manifold 4 is mounted and works as a heat exchanger. 6. The cooling of the catalyst takes place in the interior. The strongly warming catalyst 4 (In the further exhaust heat exchanger 4 called) inside by capillaries 4.1 ., In which the steam is formed, cooled. It thus creates steam and the destruction of the catalyst (exhaust gas heat exchanger) is prevented by the heat dissipation of the vapor. By the possibility of controlling the temperature of the exhaust gas heat exchanger optimal steam production is ensured and the reaction temperature of the catalyst is controllable. 7. The steam generation in the exhaust gas heat exchanger. The exhaust gas heat exchanger 4 consists of capillaries 4.1 ., Which are catalytically coated from the outside. One or more capillaries 4.1 , be from an injection valve 15 filled in a fraction of a second when in the capillary tube 4.1 , measured temperature is sufficient to overheat the preheated liquid and thus immediately convert it into steam. Since not the entire Fuidmenge is brought to the boiling point but only a part of a rapid steam generation is the result. 8. Has pressure in capillaries 4.1 , High pressure reached, opens a second valve 13 which releases the high pressure steam to an expansion tank. When the liquid is completely converted to steam, there is pressure equalization in front of and behind this valve. Valve 13 closes like a check valve. These capillaries will not flood again because they are under high pressure. They are from a third valve 14 vented. This venting takes place in the secondary circuit (steam exhaust steam) of the steam engine. 9. The steam is mixed with the intake air in the heat exchanger 18 condensed. 10. The pump 17 must be able to liquefy the supplied alcohol vapor on the one hand and put under pressure so that in the heat exchanger 16 the fluid certainly remains fluid. 11. The expansion tank 12 serves to ensure a uniform steam production. 12. The exhaust gases, the heat exchanger 4 leave in the heat exchanger 3 their residual heat to the supply air of the engine and leave via the line 6 and turbocharger 2 and heat pump / air conditioning / evaporator 23 the system as a cold exhaust. 13. The system must be evacuated before filling with any type of fluid, there must be no free oxygen in the system.
DE102008029502A 2008-06-19 2008-06-19 Thermal hybrid engine, has catalyser, where exhaust gas leaving catalyser leaves as cold exhaust gas over exhaust line, turbocharger and heat pump/air-conditioning system/evaporator, which is evacuated before filling fluid Withdrawn DE102008029502A1 (en)

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DE102008029502A DE102008029502A1 (en) 2008-06-19 2008-06-19 Thermal hybrid engine, has catalyser, where exhaust gas leaving catalyser leaves as cold exhaust gas over exhaust line, turbocharger and heat pump/air-conditioning system/evaporator, which is evacuated before filling fluid

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008029502A DE102008029502A1 (en) 2008-06-19 2008-06-19 Thermal hybrid engine, has catalyser, where exhaust gas leaving catalyser leaves as cold exhaust gas over exhaust line, turbocharger and heat pump/air-conditioning system/evaporator, which is evacuated before filling fluid

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108301938A (en) * 2018-04-10 2018-07-20 天津科技大学 A kind of steam and gasoline hybrid power engine that can utilize waste gas residual heat

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10127893A1 (en) * 2000-06-08 2002-02-21 Fiat Ricerche Modular device for power generation
EP1288593A2 (en) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-05 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Gas heat pump type air conditioning device
EP1628105A2 (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-22 Lg Electronics Inc. Electricity generating and air conditioning system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10127893A1 (en) * 2000-06-08 2002-02-21 Fiat Ricerche Modular device for power generation
EP1288593A2 (en) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-05 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Gas heat pump type air conditioning device
EP1628105A2 (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-22 Lg Electronics Inc. Electricity generating and air conditioning system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108301938A (en) * 2018-04-10 2018-07-20 天津科技大学 A kind of steam and gasoline hybrid power engine that can utilize waste gas residual heat

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