DE102008021976A1 - Motor vehicle e.g. lorry, has internal combustion engine whose output shaft is connected with drive shaft of electric motor in rotatory manner by coupling device that enables temporary mechanical driving of electric motor by engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The vehicle has an electric motor (4) i.e. starter, temporarily supplied with electrical energy from a power source (8). The electric motor is temporarily connected with a secondary device (10) e.g. steering assistance pump, by a power transmission device (28) for driving the secondary device. An output shaft (3) of an internal combustion engine (2) is connected with a drive shaft (5) of the electric motor in a rotatory manner by a coupling device (16). The coupling device enables temporary mechanical driving of the electric motor by the internal combustion engine. An independent claim is also included for a method for operating a motor vehicle.

Description

The The present invention relates to a motor vehicle. The invention is with reference to a commercial vehicle, in particular a truck or bus, it is noted, however, that the present invention also for Passenger cars is applicable.

Out Known in the art motor vehicles usually have a variety of vehicle ancillaries. Called accessory one thereby all the auxiliary machines of a vehicle, that of the main drive machine be driven directly or indirectly with and for the operation the main engine or the vehicle are necessary. Beyond that under ancillaries here also such aggregates called the not directly for the driving operation are necessary, but in some other way, for example in terms of ride comfort, support, in particular, but not exclusively, the air conditioning compressor for a vehicle air conditioning system.

at known vehicles, it is desirable at the beginning of operation, while longer vehicle shutdown times or at the terminal stops, such as waiting passengers to provide air conditioned bus vehicle. The operation However, air conditioning is, especially in a city bus, only in conjunction with running internal combustion engine possible, to the necessary drive energy for the Ensure air conditioning compressor. This is usually the air conditioning compressor driven directly by the combustion engine. However, this leads for longer Holding times to a noise and Exhaust gas pollution by the internal combustion engine in the vicinity of the stop. This environmental impact occurs especially in the hot seasons A multitude of coaches transport day tourists. In such cases A bus often serves as a place of residence and must be next to the air conditioning the passenger compartment also has additional comfort functions, such as the kitchen the entertainment electronics, showers, etc. realize.

Around the 24 volt board power supply at the final stops also at To allow operation of the air conditioning and at the same time a deep discharge of the 24 volt batteries too Avoid low-energy electrical energy through the alternator produced by the internal combustion engine. During startup, for example from a stop, the drive reduces the z. B. for the air conditioning compressor in addition to other ancillaries currently operating the for starting standing power.

One satisfactory operation of air conditioning and adequate Supply of the electrical system are with the internal combustion engine switched off not possible today. The following is the drive of the fan for the engine cooling system and other accessories rigid with the engine speed connected. So the fan can either over one Coupling or in hydraulic drive systems with a valve adapted only to the engine speed or at a lower speed to be moved. However, this mode of operation is the cooling requirement and generally the ancillary system is not always appropriate.

Of the The present invention is therefore based on the object, a vehicle to disposal to ask, which is an operation of the accessory, for example even when the combustion engine is switched off, for longer downtimes Stops allowed. In addition, should also during Driving the energy of the fuel used efficiently become. After all should also be a need-based operation of other vehicle ancillaries like the fan the engine cooling system allow for fuel savings. This way should be a possibility be created to the engine itself energy-optimized and operated efficiently.

These Tasks are performed according to the invention things the independent one claims reached. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

One Motor vehicle according to the invention and in particular commercial vehicle has an internal combustion engine for Drive the vehicle on. Furthermore, at least one accessory and at least one electric motor provided, at least temporarily from a power source can be supplied with electrical energy. According to the invention the electric motor at least temporarily via a power transmission device with the accessory to power this.

Farther the vehicle has a coupling device by means of which an output shaft of the internal combustion engine with a shaft of the electric motor rotationally connectable is at times a mechanical drive to reach the electric motor by the internal combustion engine. there This coupling device can be directly between the output shaft the internal combustion engine and the drive or output shaft of the However, it would also be possible for that to be arranged the power transmission additionally via straps, gears or the like takes place.

Thus, while in the prior art ancillaries, such as air compressors, driven exclusively by the internal combustion engine be proposed according to the invention, to propel air conditioning compressors or other ancillaries at least temporarily mechanically via an additional electric motor. In this way, an on-demand connection and disconnection of an air conditioning compressor or an air conditioner is possible, and this in particular in the case of a stoppage of the engine. In this way, a concept for the operation of the accessory is provided such that the air conditioner can be operated with the engine off for longer downtime at stops and also during driving the energy of the fuel can be used more efficiently. Thus, according to the invention, the accessory such as an air compressor can be driven with the electric motor and preferably driven as needed via a power electronics.

By the first coupling device, it is possible that the electric motor is driven by the internal combustion engine and in this state as Generator acts. In a further advantageous embodiment if the ancillary unit is formed from a group of auxiliary units, which air compressors, air conditioning compressors, power steering pumps, Fan, Lubricant pumps, hydraulic pumps, cooling water pumps, fuel pumps, Includes injection pumps, metering pumps, brake booster and the like.

at a further advantageous embodiment, the motor vehicle a second coupling device, which is a drive of the auxiliary unit enabled by the internal combustion engine. It is possible, for example, an air conditioner also in the energetically favorable operating cases, such as Push or brake operation, directly via this clutch and possibly also over Belt or gears to connect with the internal combustion engine, so fed back Energy for to use the air conditioning of the vehicle. In this operating phase is preferably the electric motor as a generator and supplies the Wiring system and other electrical ancillaries with electrical Energy.

In A further advantageous embodiment is the electric motor designed such that it acts at least temporarily as a generator. Thus, in this concept are preferably starter and alternator by an electric motor with power electronics and preferably also replaced by an on-board charging converter.

Preferably Several ancillaries are driven by the electric motor.

In a further advantageous embodiment is the power source selected from a group of power sources, which electrical energy storage, Fuel cell systems, steam engines with generator, diesel generator sets, Exhaust gas turbines with generators, thermocouples, combinations thereof or the like. Other power generation systems may also be used. Preferably the operation of at least one of said power sources takes place independent of Use of the internal combustion engine for the traction drive.

Of the Use of this power source or auxiliary power source is useful if the path to power generation and to drive an auxiliary unit energetic and re Emmissions cheaper is as the operation of the internal combustion engine of the traction drive directly in conjunction with the accessory or alternator.

As mentioned above, can to improve the efficiency of the overall system of vehicle, auxiliary power source and To increase ancillaries, additionally the electric motor, the auxiliary unit or the air conditioning compressor drives over the above-mentioned coupling be connected to the shaft of the combustion or diesel engine. While the deceleration phases of the vehicle, this clutch can be closed and Z. B. the air conditioning compressor so directly braking energy for his Use the air conditioner. This is also the electric motor powered, which now works as a generator and optionally via a On-board power supply electronics supplies the vehicle's 24-volt vehicle electrical system. The power output of the auxiliary power source can be so reduced and to achieve a fuel saving.

at a corresponding design of the electric motor can simultaneously several ancillaries over Clutches and belts or gears are driven. In addition to the air conditioning z. B. also the Fan of the vehicle cooling system in operated as described. The drive power of fan lies in a similar performance range like the air conditioning compressor. The motor vehicle would therefore have with larger electric machine power be equipped as soon as several auxiliary drives work simultaneously.

In In another advantageous embodiment, the internal combustion engine and / or the ancillaries, such. B. electric motor or air conditioning compressor, executed as a common module or arranged in a common module. In this way it is possible to enter entire module, for example in motor vehicles, retrofit.

In In another advantageous embodiment, the electric motor is used also as a starter for the motor vehicle and in another embodiment as an alternator for the Motor vehicle.

The The present invention is also related to a supply module for a Directed motor vehicle, said supply module is an electric motor and a first coupling device via which the electric motor with an output shaft of an internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle mechanically connectable and mechanically is drivable. Furthermore, the module has a second coupling device up, over which the electric motor with the auxiliary unit of the motor vehicle is connectable, wherein the supply module continues to connect has to provide the electric motor with electrical energy. Also In this supply module is provided that an accessory of the motor vehicle mechanically over the electric motor is driven. The power supply of the electric motor, For example, in standstill phases of the vehicle is like mentioned above, again over secured another power source.

Preferably the supply module has a plurality of second clutch devices on, the independent are controllable from each other.

The The present invention is further directed to a method of operation directed a motor vehicle, wherein the motor vehicle is an internal combustion engine for driving the motor vehicle and at least one switchable on and off Auxiliary unit has. Furthermore, an electric motor is provided, the at least temporarily from a power source with electrical Energy is supplied.

According to the invention, the accessory is at least temporarily mechanically driven by the electric motor. Furthermore, the accessory is also advantageous at times mechanically driven by the internal combustion engine. As with the other preferred methods, the electric motor is at least temporarily driven by the internal combustion engine. In this way it is again achieved that, on the one hand, the electric motor can be used both as a motor and as a generator and, on the other hand, that the auxiliary unit can be operated selectively by the internal combustion engine or the electric motor. Further embodiments and developments emerge from the attached figures:
Show:

1 a block diagram of an arrangement for a motor vehicle according to the invention; and

2 : a further schematic representation to illustrate the invention.

1 shows a block diagram illustrating the present invention. In this case, a (not shown) motor vehicle has an internal combustion engine 2 on, via a first coupling device 16 with an electric motor 4 is connectable to power this. More precisely, there is an output shaft 3 of the internal combustion engine via the first coupling device 16 and a belt 26 with a drive shaft 5 of the electric motor 4 in connection.

The electric motor 4 in turn drives over a belt 28 and a second clutch device 18 an accessory, such as an air compressor and an air compressor 10 at.

With appropriate design of the electric motor can simultaneously other ancillaries 10 be driven as needed via clutches and belts or gears. The reference number 20 refers to the supply module in its entirety, consisting of the electric motor 4 and the individual coupling devices 16 . 18 as well as the belt 26 . 28 ,

The reference number 30 refers to a control device that is equipped with software adapted for this purpose. With the help of this control device 30 can the ancillaries in the in 1 shown arrangement demand and energy optimized operate. If a particular auxiliary unit is not required, its power output can be reduced or even by switching off the electric motor or by opening one of the clutches 18 to be completely adjusted. In this case, such a control can be automated, for example, depending on parameters such as the temperature or the vehicle state, but it would also be possible for the user to act on the device itself.

To the starting power of the internal combustion engine 2 For example, the clutch can fully provide for the ride out of the bus stop 18 on the accessory 10 be opened and exposed to the climatic operation for the time of startup. However, it would also be possible that in this period the drive of the air conditioning compressor 10 through the electric motor 4 takes place, for this purpose, electricity from an electrical source 8th is used. In this case, the first coupling device is then preferred 16 towards the combustion engine 2 open.

In a push or brake operation, it is possible to recover energy. In order to avoid the clutch shock at the transition to the overrun phase and thus a generator operation of the electric motor, the electric motor can be brought to the rotational speed of the engine during engine operation, with a corresponding translation to be considered. The clutch can now be ideally at the same speed of the electric motor 4 and the internal combustion engine 2 close smoothly. Subsequently, the power electronics is controlled by the electric motor in the generator mode for electrical energy. Preferably, parallel to this, the connected ancillaries via closed couplings 18 through straps 28 with the internal combustion engine 2 be connected and use in this way also the recovered energy immediately.

With a suitably designed electric motor 4 can be an amplification function for the internal combustion engine 2 be realized to increase performance and fuel economy. Energy for the electric motor 4 comes in this case from electrical power sources 8th ,

In particular, the use of a powerful electric motor can assist the engine and help to overcome internal friction losses with reduced fuel input, in which the electric motor 4 the internal combustion engine 2 as quickly as possible in the desired fuel-efficient operating point brings.

Furthermore can the performance gap at low speeds during the startup, which generates for example by the turbocharger characteristic will be indirectly bridged in this way.

The electric motor 4 can the internal combustion engine 2 During the phases of trouble-free traffic flow and a resulting weak part-load operation support or even replace, in which case the fuel supply of the internal combustion engine is reduced or switched off. As soon as increased driving power is required again, the load control switches the internal combustion engine 2 again or increases its power output.

By installing a corresponding electric motor 4 can save fuel through start-stop operation of the engine 2 will be realized. When waiting at traffic lights and at other interruptions of the traffic flow, it is possible to use the internal combustion engine 2 off. The driver should preferably be able to decide for himself whether the internal combustion engine 2 may be turned off and can use this, for example, a switch on the steering wheel.

It would be, however also through an information transfer of traffic management systems support possible to decide whether it is worthwhile to switch off the engine or make it more energetically sensible is to let him continue, because if necessary, the green phase too is expected.

Unless the arrangement of the electric motor 4 with the accessory 10 and the couplings 18 in conjunction with the internal combustion engine 2 As a separate module, this can be easily adapted to all types and sizes of internal combustion engines. The module can be designed so that it is even suitable for installation as a retrofit module.

Especially if the electric motor high power in the range of a few kW provides up to 30 kW, in addition to the realization of a high-voltage on-board electrical system to the cabling or estimation effort compared to a 24V solution to keep low. In this case, there are also other functions the above the operation of electrical ancillaries, lighter realizable.

For example, a 230 V socket 48 via a current transformer 47 easier to install and equipped with enough power. It would also be possible to install even a 400 V three-phase connection. In this way, the usual 230 V devices, such as consumer electronics, comfort devices such as refrigerator or microwave and also operate tools and construction or construction site machines.

Furthermore, it would also be possible for the vehicle during operation of the ancillaries from the outside with three-phase current or via a 230 V connection 44 to supply. In this way, air conditioning systems in coaches, refrigerated transport, electrical winter heating systems as in Scandinavia usual, operate without fuel consumption from the tank of the parked vehicle.

The reference number 40 refers to another accessory which is electrically driven, for example, directly with an electric drive, such as a water pump or a fan or the like. The reference numerals 35 each refer to energy converters that implement, for example, also direct current into alternating current or alternating current into direct current. The reference number 34 indicates an electrical line or a line system.

This in 1 shown supply module or combi module 20 has, as mentioned above, an electric drive 4 and one or more accessories with the required clutches and belts. About the electrical network is the combination module with its electric drive part in conjunction with other vehicle systems and is powered from these either powered or even in generator mode to this system electrical energy.

2 shows a further block diagram ei ner device according to the invention. Again, the electric motor 4 over straps 26 and 28 and via coupling devices 16 . 18 with the internal combustion engine 2 or Nebenaggragat 10 connectable. At the same time there is the electric motor 4 doses electrical power via power electronics 35 to an electrical storage 38 from. The entire power electronics and couplings can via a fieldbus system 52 be controlled, as in 2 shown. In this case, the control and regulation of the control device 30 accepted.

The accessory 10 itself may be part of a vehicle subsystem, for. B. allows the air compressor a circulation of the refrigerant in the air conditioner. To assist the operation of the compressor by reducing its torque, z. B. a bypass function 56 in the refrigerant circuit via an actuator by the control device 30 to be activated. This is particularly interesting in start-up phases of the internal combustion engine. The reference number 10a identifies the compressor of the accessory 10 and the reference numeral 10b the operated equipment such as the air conditioner, the cooling system or the like.

In the accessory system 10 It may also be a compressed air supply with compressor and compressed air tanks, such as for a compressed air brake in a commercial vehicle. This air compressor can be switched via a valve in the operating state "filling the compressed air tank" or in the state "conveying into the environment". When filling the air tanks, a large power consumption of the compressor sets in, as opposed to conveying to the outside, which requires only a small idle power. Valves combined with air dryer facilities are usually components of a compressed air system. So here could be omitted the coupling to the accessory system, since the Energierfluß can be switched off with this actuator or valve to a small idle power.

As mentioned above, several ancillaries can be provided. In accordance with their importance, priorities are preferably assigned to these ancillary units. For example, a power steering pump for steering assistance is provided with a high priority. A compressed air compressor 10a Can be temporarily subordinated due to the compressed air reservoir of the power steering pump. Thus, other ancillaries depending on the vehicle state with different possibly. State-dependent changing priorities operate. Even a classification of these priorities can be done by the controller 30 be made.

The reference number 37 refers to controllers for controlling the coupling devices 16 . 18 or the internal combustion engine 2 , The reference number 39 indicates another electric motor, which is an accessory 40 drives, this electric motor 39 itself driven electrically and not mechanically. The reference number 42 refers to a 24 V connection.

The Applicant retains before, all the features disclosed in the application individually or in combination to claim with each other, if these individually or in combination new to the State of the art.

1

contraption

2

internal combustion engine

3

Output shaft of the internal combustion engine 2

4

electric motor

5

drive shaft of the electric motor

8th

electrical power source

10

accessory

10a

compressor

10b

driven Facility

10c

actuator

16

first coupling device

18

second coupling device

20

supply module

26

belt

28

belt

30

control device

34

management

35

energy converters

37

regulator for actuator

39

Another electric motor

40

additional accessory

42

24 V connection

44

230 V compound

47

Power converter

48

230 V- or 400 V three-phase socket

52

fieldbus system

56

bypass function

Claims (16)

Motor vehicle and in particular commercial vehicle with an internal combustion engine ( 2 ) for driving the vehicle, with at least one accessory ( 10 ) and with an electric motor ( 4 ), at least temporarily from a power source ( 8th ) is supplied with electrical energy, characterized in that the electric motor ( 4 ) at least temporarily via a power transmission device ( 28 ) is in communication with the accessory to drive this and the motor vehicle a first coupling device ( 16 ), by means of which an output shaft ( 3 ) of the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) rotationally with a drive shaft ( 5 ) of the electric motor ( 4 ) is bar and which a temporary mechanical drive of the electric motor ( 4 ) by the internal combustion engine ( 2 ). Motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary unit ( 10 ) is selected from a group of accessories including air compressors, air conditioning compressors, power steering pumps, fans and the like. Motor vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the motor vehicle has a power transmission device ( 28 . 18 ) with a coupling ( 18 ) having a mechanical drive of the auxiliary unit ( 10 ) by the internal combustion engine ( 2 ). Motor vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several auxiliary units ( 10 ) by the electric motor ( 4 ) are mechanically driven. Motor vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power source ( 8th ) from a group of power sources ( 8th ) is selected, which contains electrical energy storage, fuel cell systems, a steam engine with generator, diesel generator sets, exhaust gas turbines with generators, thermocouples, combinations thereof or the like. Motor vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) and the electric motor ( 4 ) as a common module ( 20 ) are executed. Motor vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ancillary unit ( 10 ) and the electric motor ( 4 ) as a common module ( 20 ) are executed. Motor vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric motor ( 4 ) is designed such that the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) by the electric motor ( 4 ) can be acted upon with an additional torque to support. Motor vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric motor ( 4 ) and the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) are designed such that the electric motor ( 4 ) the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) in a partial load range of the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) supported or substituted. Motor vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric motor ( 4 ) serves as a starter for the motor vehicle. Motor vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric motor ( 4 ) serves as an alternator for the vehicle. Supply module ( 20 ) for a motor vehicle with an electric motor ( 4 ), with a first coupling device ( 16 ), over which the electric motor ( 4 ) with an internal combustion engine ( 2 ) of the motor vehicle and can be driven by this, and with a second coupling device ( 18 ), over which the electric motor ( 4 ) with an accessory ( 10 ) of the motor vehicle is connectable, wherein the supply module ( 20 ) has a connection to the electric motor ( 4 ) to provide electrical energy. Supply module according to claim 11, characterized in that the supply module ( 20 ) a plurality of second clutch devices ( 18 ), which are independently controllable. Method for operating a motor vehicle, the motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine ( 2 ) for driving the motor vehicle and at least one auxiliary unit which can be switched on and off ( 10 ), and an electric motor ( 4 ), at least temporarily from a power source ( 8th ) is supplied with electrical energy, characterized in that the auxiliary unit ( 10 ) at least temporarily from the electric motor ( 4 ) is mechanically driven and that the electric motor at least temporarily from the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) is driven. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the ancillary unit ( 10 ) at least temporarily from the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) is driven. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric motor ( 4 ) at least temporarily from the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) is driven.