DE102008013041A1 - Hydrogen sulfide catalyzer for use in internal combustion engine e.g. diesel engine, of motor vehicle, has storage-component provided for ammonia-component, where storage and catalytic components are arranged on common carrier - Google Patents
Hydrogen sulfide catalyzer for use in internal combustion engine e.g. diesel engine, of motor vehicle, has storage-component provided for ammonia-component, where storage and catalytic components are arranged on common carrier Download PDFInfo
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- DE102008013041A1 DE102008013041A1 DE102008013041A DE102008013041A DE102008013041A1 DE 102008013041 A1 DE102008013041 A1 DE 102008013041A1 DE 102008013041 A DE102008013041 A DE 102008013041A DE 102008013041 A DE102008013041 A DE 102008013041A DE 102008013041 A1 DE102008013041 A1 DE 102008013041A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/2073—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR] with means for generating a reducing substance from the exhaust gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
- B01D2253/108—Zeolites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/104—Silver
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/204—Alkaline earth metals
- B01D2255/2045—Calcium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20738—Iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20746—Cobalt
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20753—Nickel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20761—Copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/406—Ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/24—Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
- F02D41/028—Desulfurisation of NOx traps or adsorbent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1439—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
- F02D41/1441—Plural sensors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen H2S-Katalysator und einem Verfahren zur Reinigung eines Abgases gemäß den Oberbegriffen der unabhängigen Ansprüche.The The invention relates to an H2S catalyst and a method for Purification of an exhaust gas according to the preambles the independent claims.
Zur Lösung eines bei Brennkraftmaschinen für Kraftfahrzeuge auftretenden Zielkonflikts zwischen einem reduzierten Kraftstoffverbrauch und geringen Schadstoffemissionen, insbesondere von Stickoxiden (NOx), werden gegenwärtig häufig Abgasreinigungssysteme mit NOx-Speicherkatalysator eingesetzt. Ein NOx-Speicherkatalysator kann Stickoxide unter bestimmten Randbedingungen bei einem Lambdawert des Abgases > 1 (Magerbetrieb) für einen begrenzten Zeitraum speichern und zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt bei einem Lambdawert = 1 oder < 1 (Fettbetrieb) wieder ausspeichern und zu unschädlichen Gasen reduzieren. Als Reduktionsmittel werden Kohlenmonoxid (CO) und/oder Kohlenwasserstoff (HC) eingesetzt, die vorzugsweise von einer motorischen Fettphase oder mittels einer externen Dosiereinheit dem Abgas zugeführt werden.to Solution of an internal combustion engine for motor vehicles Target conflict between a reduced fuel consumption and low pollutant emissions, in particular of nitrogen oxides (NOx), are currently often exhaust gas purification systems used with NOx storage catalyst. An NOx storage catalyst can produce nitrogen oxides under certain boundary conditions at a lambda value the exhaust gas> 1 (lean operation) save for a limited period and at a later date Save time at lambda value = 1 or <1 (rich operation) again and reduce it to harmless gases. As a reducing agent carbon monoxide (CO) and / or hydrocarbon (HC) are used, preferably by a motorized fat phase or by means of a external metering unit are supplied to the exhaust gas.
Aus
der
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine verbesserte Speicherung einer NH3-Abgaskomponente zur Reinigung eines Abgases einer Brennkraftmaschine zur Verfügung zu stellen.The The object of the present invention is an improved storage an NH3 exhaust gas component for cleaning an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine to provide.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Patentansprüche gelöst.The The object is achieved by the features solved the independent claims.
Ein erfindungsgemäßer H2S-Katalysator zur Reinigung eines Abgases einer Brennkraftmaschine weist zunächst zumindest eine katalytische Komponente zur Oxydation einer H2S-Abgaskomponente zur Freisetzung einer SO2-Abgaskomponente auf.One inventive H2S catalyst for purification an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine initially has at least a catalytic component for the oxidation of an H2S exhaust gas component to Release of an SO2 exhaust gas component.
Bei der Brennkraftmaschine handelt es sich vorzugsweise um einen direkt einspritzenden Ottomotor oder um einen Dieselmotor.at the internal combustion engine is preferably a direct injecting gasoline engine or a diesel engine.
Katalytische Komponenten zur Oxydation einer H2S-Abgaskomponente zur Freisetzung einer SO2-Abgaskomponente werden insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit der beim Betrieb von Abgaskatalysatoren auftretenden reversiblen Verschlechterung der Konvertierungsleistung durch im Kraftstoff enthaltenen Schwefel eingesetzt. Um dieser Verschlechterung der Konvertierungsleistung des Katalysators zu begegnen, ist es üblich, NOX-Katalysatoren in bestimmten Abständen bei Abgastemperaturen in einem Bereich oberhalb 620° zu entschwefeln. Üblicherweise erfolgt die Entschwefelung durch Umschalten der Verbrennungskraftmaschine von Mager- auf Fettbetrieb, wobei im der reduzierenden Abgas des Fettbetriebs das geruchsintensive H2S gebildet werden, welches wiederum wirksam durch die erwähnte katalytischen Komponente zur Oxydation einer H2S-Abgaskomponente aus dem Abgas entfernt wird. Die H2S-Abgaskomponente wird dabei während des Fettbetriebes gespeichert und in einem anschließenden Magerbetrieb als eine SO2 Abgaskomponente freisetzt. Der Fettbetrieb wird vorzugsweise durch innermotorische Maßnahmen, wie Androsselung der Luftmenge oder Nacheinspritzungen von Kraftstoff eingestellt.catalytic Components for the oxidation of an H2S exhaust gas component for release a SO2 exhaust gas component are particularly associated with the occurring during operation of catalytic converters reversible Deterioration of conversion performance due to fuel Used sulfur. To this deterioration of the conversion performance To counteract the catalyst, it is common NOX catalysts at certain intervals at exhaust gas temperatures in one Desulphurize above 620 °. Usually the desulfurization is done by switching the internal combustion engine from lean to rich operation, where in the reducing exhaust of the Fat operation, the odor-intensive H2S are formed, which in turn effective by the mentioned catalytic component for Oxidation of an H2S exhaust gas component is removed from the exhaust gas. The H2S exhaust gas component is thereby during the rich operation stored and in a subsequent lean operation as releases an SO2 exhaust gas component. The rich operation is preferably by internal engine measures, such as throttling the air flow or post injections of fuel set.
Der erfindungsgemäße H2S-Katalysator zeichnet sich durch zumindest eine zusätzliche Speicherkomponente für eine NH3-Abgaskomponente aus. Damit wird eine Freisetzung von NH3 in die Umwelt reduziert oder verhindert, sowie die Möglichkeit geschaffen, zu einem geeigneten Zeitpunkt gespeichertes NH3 zur katalytischen Reinigung des Abgases einzusetzen. Im Unterschied zum Stand der Technik erfolgt bei dem erfindungsgemäßen H2S-Katalysator keine oder nur eine geringe Oxydation von gespeichertem NH3 zu NOx.Of the inventive H2S catalyst is characterized by at least one additional memory component for an NH3 exhaust component. This will cause a release of NH3 reduced or prevented in the environment as well as created the possibility stored at a suitable time NH3 to the catalytic Use cleaning of the exhaust gas. In contrast to the prior art takes place in the inventive H2S catalyst no or only a slight oxidation of stored NH3 to NOx.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind jeweils zumindest 20% Gew. der katalytischen Komponente zur Oxydation einer H2S-Abgaskomponente und zumindest 20% Gew. der Speicherkomponente für eine NH3-Abgaskomponente auf einem gemeinsamen Träger angeordnet. Durch diese Anordnung wird die Fertigung des Katalysators sowie sein Einbau in das Abgasreinigungssystem erleichtert und der Platzbedarf reduziert.According to one preferred embodiment of the invention are respectively at least 20% by weight of the catalytic component for the oxidation of an H2S exhaust gas component and at least 20% by weight of the memory component for one NH3 exhaust component arranged on a common carrier. By This arrangement will be the manufacture of the catalyst as well as its installation facilitated in the exhaust gas purification system and reduced space requirements.
Es ist zweckmäßig, wenn die katalytische Komponente zur Oxydation einer H2S-Abgaskomponente ein oder mehrere Mitglieder der Gruppe Nickel, Zink, Kobalt, Calcium, Silber, Eisen, Kupfer umfasst, die im Fettbetrieb H2S speichern und in einem anschließendem Magerbetrieb als SO2 freisetzen.It is expedient if the catalytic component for the oxidation of an H2S exhaust gas component comprises one or more members of the group nickel, zinc, cobalt, calcium, silver, iron, copper, which store in the high-pressure H2S and in a release leaner operation as SO2.
Es ist zweckmäßig, wenn die katalytische Komponente zur Oxydation einer H2S-Abgaskomponente edelmetallfrei ist oder eine maximale Edelmetallbeladung von < 30 g/ft3 aufweist, da hiermit die Oxidation von im H2S-Katalysator gespeichertem oder freigesetztem NH3 zu NOx vermieden oder reduziert werden kann.It is expedient if the catalytic component for the oxidation of an H 2 S exhaust gas component is noble metal-free or has a maximum noble metal loading of <30 g / ft 3 , since this prevents or reduces the oxidation of NH 3 stored or released in the H 2 S catalyst to NO x.
Die Speicherkomponente für eine NH3-Abgaskomponente umfasst zweckmäßigerweise ein Zeolithmaterial.The Storage component for an NH3 exhaust gas component comprises suitably a zeolite material.
Die katalytische Komponente zur Oxydation von H2S sowie die Speicherkomponente für NH3 sind zweckmäßigerweise auf einem Washcoat mit einem keramischen, beispielsweise aus Aluminimoxid oder einem metallischen Träger angeordnet.The catalytic component for the oxidation of H2S and the storage component for NH3 are suitably on one Washcoat with a ceramic, such as aluminum oxide or a metallic carrier arranged.
Bevorzugt werden bis zu 3 g/l H2S und/oder NH3 in dem erfindungsgemäßen H2S-Katalysator gespeichert.Prefers be up to 3 g / l H2S and / or NH3 in the inventive H2S catalyst stored.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Katalysatoreinrichtung, welche in dem Abgasreinigungssystem einer Brennkraftmaschine angeordnet ist oder anordenbar ist, mit einem NOx-Speicherkatalysator und einem stromab des NOx-Speicherkatalysators angeordneten oder anordenbaren H2S-Katalysator nach einem der Ansprüche 1–7.The The invention further relates to a catalyst device, which in the exhaust gas purification system of an internal combustion engine is arranged or is arrangeable, with a NOx storage catalyst and a arranged downstream of the NOx storage catalytic converter or can be arranged H2S catalyst according to one of claims 1-7.
Ein NOx-Speicherkatalysator enthält üblicherweise Erdalkali- und Alkalimetalle, mittels derer Stickoxyd im Magerbetrieb gespeichert werden kann. In einem Fettbetrieb wird gespeichertes Stickstoffdioxyd sorbiert und mit im Abgas vorhandenen Kohlenwasserstoffen mittels Edelmetallkatalysatoren zu Stickstoff umgesetzt. Bei einem kleineren Luftverhältnis und einer längeren Regenerationsdauer erfolgt in einem NOx-Speicherkatalysator zunehmend eine Bildung von NH3.One NOx storage catalyst usually contains Alkaline earth and alkali metals, by means of which nitric oxide in lean operation can be stored. In a fat operation is stored Nitrogen dioxide sorbed and present in the exhaust hydrocarbons implemented by means of noble metal catalysts to nitrogen. At a smaller air ratio and a longer regeneration period In a NOx storage catalyst, formation takes place increasingly from NH3.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Katalysatoreinrichtung mit einem stromab des NOx-Speicherkatalysators angeordneten H2S-Katalysator mit zumindest einer Speicherkomponente für eine NH3-Abgaskomponente ermöglicht es, im Fettbetrieb des NOx-Speicherkatalysators freigesetztes NH3 zu speichern und in einem Magerbetrieb NOx mit dem zwischengespeicherten NH3 zu Stickstoff umzusetzen. Damit kann mittels des zwischengespeicherten NH3 auch ein Magerbetrieb verlängert werden, da im NOx- Speicherkatalysator bei einem NOx-Durchbruch nicht mehr umgesetztes NOx vom zwischengespeicherten NH3 im nach geschalteten H2S-Katalysator umgesetzt werden kann. Im Unterschied zu der Situation bei einer Zwischenspeicherung von NH3 in einem NOx-Speicherkatalysator mit hoher Edelmetall-, insbesondere Platinbeladung wird eine Oxydation bei der erfindungsgemäßen Katalysatoreinrichtung weitestgehend vermieden, da der stromab des NOx-Speicherkatalysators angeordnete H2S-Katalysator edelmetallfrei oder nur mit einer geringen Edelmetallbeladung ausgebildet sein kann.A Catalyst device according to the invention with a downstream of the NOx storage catalyst arranged H2S catalyst with at least one storage component for an NH3 exhaust gas component makes it possible in the rich operation of the NOx storage catalytic converter to store released NH3 and NOx in a lean operation convert the cached NH3 to nitrogen. So that can also extended a lean operation by means of the cached NH3 be, as in the NOx storage catalyst in a NOx breakthrough not more converted NOx from the cached NH3 downstream H2S catalyst can be implemented. Unlike the situation with a temporary storage of NH3 in a NOx storage catalytic converter with high precious metal, especially platinum loading is an oxidation in the catalyst device according to the invention largely avoided since the downstream of the NOx storage catalytic converter arranged H2S catalyst noble metal-free or only with a small Precious metal loading can be formed.
NOx-Speicherkatalysator und H2S-Katalysator können jeweils in separaten Gehäusen angeordnet sein, womit eine höhere Flexibilität bei der Ausnutzung des für die Unterbringung des Abgassystems bei einem Fahrzeug zur Verfügung stehenden Raums ermöglicht wird. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind NOx-Speicherkatalysator und H2S-Katalysator in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse untergebracht.NOx storage catalytic converter and H2S catalyst can each be in separate housings be arranged, thus providing greater flexibility in the exploitation of the housing for the exhaust system in a vehicle space available becomes. In a further embodiment of the invention NOx storage catalyst and H2S catalyst in a common Housing housed.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur Reinigung eines Abgases einer Brennkraftmaschine, in der das Abgas durch einen H2S-Katalysator nach einem der Ansprüche 1–7 oder eine Katalysatoreinrichtung nach Anspruch 8 geleitet wird. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ermöglicht eine Freisetzung von NH3 in die Umwelt zu verhindern und schafft die Möglichkeit gespeichertes NH3 zur katalytischen Reinigung von Abgas einzusetzen.The The invention further relates to a method for purifying an exhaust gas an internal combustion engine in which the exhaust gas through an H2S catalyst according to any one of claims 1-7 or a catalyst device is conducted according to claim 8. The invention Process allows release of NH3 into the environment to prevent and creates the possibility stored To use NH3 for the catalytic purification of exhaust gas.
Weitere Aspekte und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich auch unabhängig von ihrer Zusammenfassung in den Patentansprüchen aus der folgenden Beschreibung mit Hilfe von Zeichnungen.Further Aspects and advantages of the invention also emerge independently from its summary in the claims of the following description with the help of drawings.
Es zeigenIt demonstrate
Die
in
Der
NOx-Speicherkatalysator weist zusätzlich zu 3-Wege-Katalysator-Komponenten
eine NOx-Speicherkomponente auf. Die Katalysatoren
Die katalytische Komponente zur Oxydation einer H2S-Abgaskomponente umfasst ein oder mehrere Mitglieder der Gruppe Nickel, Zink, Kobalt, Calcium, Silber, Eisen, Kupfer, die im Fettbetrieb H2S speichern und in einem anschließendem Magerbetrieb als SO2 freisetzen.The catalytic component for the oxidation of an H2S exhaust gas component comprises one or more members of the group nickel, zinc, cobalt, Calcium, silver, iron, copper, which store H2S in rich operation and release in a subsequent lean operation as SO2.
Die katalytische Komponente zur Oxydation einer H2S-Abgaskomponente ist edelmetallfrei oder weist eine maximale Edelmetallbeladung von < 30 g/ft3 auf.The catalytic component for the oxidation of H2S-gas component is free of noble metals or noble metal loading has a maximum of <30 g / ft. 3
Der H2S-Katalysator zeichnet sich neben der katalytischen Komponente zur Oxydation von H2S durch zumindest eine zusätzliche Speicherkomponente für eine NH3-Abgaskomponente aus. Die Speicherkomponente für eine NH3-Abgaskomponente umfasst zweckmäßigerweise ein Zeolithmaterial.Of the H2S catalyst stands out next to the catalytic component for the oxidation of H2S by at least one additional Storage component for a NH3 exhaust component off. The storage component for an NH3 exhaust gas component expediently comprises a zeolite material.
Bevorzugt sind jeweils zumindest 20% Gew. der katalytischen Komponente zur Oxydation der H2S-Abgaskomponente und zumindest 20% Gew. der Speicherkomponente für die NH3-Abgaskomponente auf einem gemeinsamen Träger angeordnet.Prefers are in each case at least 20% by weight of the catalytic component for Oxidation of the H2S exhaust gas component and at least 20% by weight of the storage component for the NH3 exhaust component on a common carrier arranged.
Der
NOx-Speicherkatalysator
Nach
Füllung des NOx-Speicherkatalysator
Nach
Beendigung der NOx-Regenerationsphase kann erneut eine Magerphase
mit einer NOx-Einspeicherung in die NOx-Speicherkatalysator
Erfindungsgemäß wird
das insbesondere in einer NOx-Regenerationsphase und bei einer Entschwefelung
des NOx-Speicherkatalysators
Mit
der Abgassonde
In
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- - EP 1674682 B1 [0003] - EP 1674682 B1 [0003]
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (1)
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DE102008013041A DE102008013041A1 (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2008-03-06 | Hydrogen sulfide catalyzer for use in internal combustion engine e.g. diesel engine, of motor vehicle, has storage-component provided for ammonia-component, where storage and catalytic components are arranged on common carrier |
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DE102008013041A DE102008013041A1 (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2008-03-06 | Hydrogen sulfide catalyzer for use in internal combustion engine e.g. diesel engine, of motor vehicle, has storage-component provided for ammonia-component, where storage and catalytic components are arranged on common carrier |
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0315402A1 (en) * | 1987-11-03 | 1989-05-10 | Engelhard Corporation | Hydrogen sulfide suppressing catalyst system |
DE19813654A1 (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-09-30 | Degussa | Method for operating an exhaust gas purification system containing a sulfur trap and a nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter |
EP1411029A1 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2004-04-21 | David Systems & Technology S.L. | Catalytic membrane reactor that is used for the decomposition of hydrogen sulphide into hydrogen and sulphur and the separation of the products of said decomposition |
EP1674682B1 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2007-04-18 | HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. | Exhaust gas purifying apparatus for internal combustion engine |
DE102006038367A1 (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2008-02-28 | Volkswagen Ag | Desulfurization of a NOx storage catalyst |
-
2008
- 2008-03-06 DE DE102008013041A patent/DE102008013041A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0315402A1 (en) * | 1987-11-03 | 1989-05-10 | Engelhard Corporation | Hydrogen sulfide suppressing catalyst system |
DE19813654A1 (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-09-30 | Degussa | Method for operating an exhaust gas purification system containing a sulfur trap and a nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter |
EP1411029A1 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2004-04-21 | David Systems & Technology S.L. | Catalytic membrane reactor that is used for the decomposition of hydrogen sulphide into hydrogen and sulphur and the separation of the products of said decomposition |
EP1674682B1 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2007-04-18 | HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. | Exhaust gas purifying apparatus for internal combustion engine |
DE102006038367A1 (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2008-02-28 | Volkswagen Ag | Desulfurization of a NOx storage catalyst |
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