DE102008007874A1 - Method for extraction of energy from organic materials, comprises extracting oil by a pressing process in such a way that a portion of the oil contained in the organic material is pressed - Google Patents

Abstract

The method comprises extracting oil (4) by a pressing process (3) in such a way that a portion of the oil contained in organic material is pressed. A portion of the residual material (6) of the pressing process is completely subjected to a gasification process (8) for the gasification of the part of the residual material. The pressing grade of the oil is higher in a lower oil content in the organic material to be pressed than in a high oil content. The remaining part of the residual material is used as a fuel for the gasification process. The method comprises extracting oil (4) by a pressing process (3) in such a way that a portion of the oil contained in organic material is pressed. A portion of the residual material (6) of the pressing process is completely subjected to a gasification process (8) for the gasification of the part of the residual material. The pressing grade of the oil is higher in a lower oil content in the organic material to be pressed than in a high oil content. The remaining part of the residual material is used as a fuel for the gasification process. The further part of the organic materials is brought to the gasification process and is not component of the pressing process. The further organic materials are added to the gasification process. The exhaust air of the pressing process is used during the gasification process. The residual material of the pressing process is subjected to water. The extracted gas is subjected to cooling and condensate obtained during cooling is again subjected to the gasification process. The oil extracted in the pressing process is separated with regards to the first portion that is extensively free from suspended particulates and with second portion that has suspended particulates. The second portion is used as an energy source for the gasification process. The oil of the second portion is used as a wash liquid for the gas obtained during the gasification process.

Description

The The present invention relates to a method for generating energy from organic substances according to the preamble of the claim 1.

Of the Applicant is a method known, according to which an oily organic matter is obtained by a pressing oil. The oily one Organic matter is especially the oil fruit of a plant such as the seed of rape. To one as possible To achieve high yield, the oil fruit is squeezed as completely as possible. Of the Residue of the pressing process is usually used as animal feed used. It is also reported that for use as food no longer suitable oils be used as fuel.

Besides that is the fermentation / fermentation of organic Substances are known to biogases, which are then used as fuel.

Of the The present invention is based on the object, the use to improve the organic matter for the production of energy.

These The object is achieved according to the present invention in that the pressing process takes place in such a way that only part of the contained oil is squeezed out is, wherein at least a part of the residue of the pressing process a gasification process for the purpose of gasification of the part of the residue supplied becomes.

The contained oil can in the oil fruit to be contained in a plant. Unless the organic matter is an oil crop as a separate component, may also be the organic material Completely be subjected to the pressing process. For example, this would be the case when the organic matter is formed by algae.

By doing only part of the oil is pressed, it is advantageously achieved that the proportion of harmful Substances in the oil is reduced (for example, phospholipids). In addition, get through pressing suspended matter into the oil.

It has been shown that by only partially squeezing of the oil from the oil crop the proportion of this harmful Substances in the oil can be reduced.

It proves to be further advantageous that the residue (Press cake) of the pressing process at least partially a gasification process supplied for the purpose of gasification becomes. The remaining substances with the appropriate calorific value will be then to the component of the gas, which is the gasification of the residue of the pressing process is won. This gasification takes place thermochemically.

When Organic substances are primarily rapeseed, sunflower, purging nut, oil palm, Algae, linen seed, milkweed or soybeans or mixtures from two or more of the aforementioned plants in question.

at The embodiment of the method according to claim 2 is the Auspressgrad of the oil at a lower oil content higher in the organic matter to be squeezed than in a higher oil content in the organic matter to be squeezed.

Of the organic matter to be squeezed out can in turn be the complete organic Be cloth (alga) or the oil fruit a plant.

Thereby is advantageously achieved that at a lower oil content still a relevant share of oil can be won. For this, the occurrence must be harmful Substances are taken into account during the pressing process. In contrast, proves it is in plants with a higher oil content as an advantage that even then enough oil is obtained when the Auspressgrad is lower.

Advantageous let yourself therefore with this measure dependent from the oil content Determine a suitable Auspressgrad in the plant.

Advantageous let yourself the Auspressgrad of the oil Also set so that there is a constant amount of oil relative to the Material used (for example, based on the weight of material used of organic matter). this leads to in an advantageous manner to approximate constant operating conditions in terms of the ratio of recovered oil to recovered gas.

It is also possible the Auspressgrad of the oil directly above The relationship of recovered oil (from the pressing process) to recovered gas (from the gasification process) to control or regulate.

at The embodiment according to claim 3, the residue of the pressing process Completely fed to the gasification process for the purpose of gasification.

Thereby can advantageously be a complete implementation of the organic substance in the two energy sources oil and gas can be achieved.

In the embodiment according to claim 4, only a part of the residue of the pressing process is supplied to the gasification process for the purpose of gasification, wherein the remaining part of the Residual material of the pressing process is used as fuel for the gasification process.

In order to is advantageously achieved that the supply of fuel from the outside to the Gasification process reduced and possibly completely avoided can.

Of the organic matter is still fully used in this process, however, only a partial implementation in other ways usable energy, because part of the energy content of the organic Substance is used to those in the rest of the organic substance to gain energy.

at The embodiment according to claim 5 will continue the gasification process Parts of the plants of the oil fruit supplied which are not part of the pressing process.

Provided So it is a plant with an oilseed, then only this oil fruit the Pressing supplied is achieved, it is advantageously achieved that the rest of the Plant can be used for energy.

at The embodiment according to claim 6, the gasification process more Added organic substances.

Advantageous This improves the energy yield.

at The embodiment according to claim 7, the exhaust air of the pressing process used in the gasification process.

This proves to be advantageous, because the exhaust air of the pressing process heated by the pressing process is. Thus, the amount of energy to be used for the thermochemical reduces Gasification process.

In addition, will deprived of water during the pressing process. This Water is contained in the exhaust air. By this exhaust again the Gasification process supplied becomes, the water content of the residue of the pressing process again elevated. The proportion of hydrogen then becomes advantageous during the gasification process increased, the as part of the gasification process as a gas to the energetic Usage is gained.

at the embodiment according to claim 8 is the remainder of the pressing process, which is fed to the gasification process for the purpose of gasification, Water added.

Advantageous is thus further increased in the recovered gas, the hydrogen content.

at the embodiment according to claim 9, the recovered gas is subjected to a cooling, wherein that with the cooling recovered condensate in turn for the purpose of gasification the gasification process supplied becomes.

The Condensate has both a water content and an oil-containing Share on. The aspect of full use becomes advantageous of the substances used, if this condensate is returned to the gasification process and thus gasified becomes.

at The embodiment according to claim 10 is in the pressing process recovered oil separated in terms of a first share, at least largely free of suspended matter, and in terms of a second share, the suspended matter, wherein the second portion as an energy source in the gasification process is being used.

These Separation may for example be by sedimentation, decantation and / or Centrifuging done and / or by one or more Filtriervorgänge.

Of the first share leaves to be of advantage for energetic use under conditions whom it is as possible clean oil arrives. This is especially true in internal combustion engines in which Blockages of fuel filters and nozzles should be avoided.

Of the Energy fraction in the second part of the oil can be used by this is fed to a direct combustion. To be here again as possible to maintain a closed circuit, it proves to be advantageous this part of the oil directly as an energy source for the Operation of the gasification process to use.

at the embodiment of claim 11, the oil of the second portion is used as a washing liquid for the Gasification process used recovered gas.

Advantageous is cleaned by this procedure, the recovered gas, wherein at the same time the use of the required Raw materials remains limited. By using the second share for direct combustion, the previous use of this share is detrimental as a washing liquid for the Gas not.

at The embodiment according to claim 12, the oil obtained in the pressing process and the gas obtained in the gasification process in an internal combustion engine used, which is designed as a combined heat and power plant.

there goes without saying only the proportion of oil obtained in the pressing process as fuel of the internal combustion engine not already used as an energy source in the thermo-chemical gasification was used in the sense of claim 10.

Advantageous let yourself thereby a self-contained system in the sense of a residue-free use in which an organic source in parts (oil crop) by a pressing process oil is withdrawn, with the rest of the organic matter that is not was subjected to the pressing process, as well as the residue of the pressing process for Gasification purposes are fed to a gasification process. With the oil thus obtained and the gas thus obtained leaves operate the internal combustion engine advantageous. The resulting Ash, for example, as a mineral fertilizer and / or as an ingredient find use of building materials.

In a schematic representation by means of function blocks are these individual steps shown in the drawing.

1 indicates with the reference number 1 the oil plant that is decomposed so that its seeds 2 a mechanical pressing process 3 is supplied.

A source material 4 this mechanical pressing process 3 is the vegetable oil 4 , in the further as fuel an internal combustion engine 5 is supplied.

In addition, results from the mechanical pressing process 3 out the residue 6 of the mechanical pressing process. This residue 6 as well as the rest 7 the oil plant 1 become a gasification process 8th fed and gasified there (or in parts as an energy source for the gasification process 8th even used).

From this gasification process 8th is used as starting material 9 The biogas won, also as fuel of the internal combustion engine 5 is supplied.

The Biogas can also be used as an energy carrier to the Gasification process or the pressing process of the described method to operate.

in the In connection with the present application is a thermo-chemical Gasification process has been described with an external power supply (Warmth). Likewise, the conditions described here can also be transferred to a gasification process in which the heat is supplied by a (limited) Combustion in the gasification room is generated by a limited Oxygen supply. In this case, a part of the material intended for gasification is "sacrificed" to pass through its combustion in the gasification room to generate heat. After the Oxygen is consumed, this immediate combustion is stopped and it comes to gasification.

The output variables of this internal combustion engine 5 are on the one hand electricity ( 10 ) as well as heat ( 11 ) (Combined heat and power plant).

Claims (12)

Process for obtaining energy from organic substances ( 1 ), whereby by a pressing process ( 3 ) Oil ( 4 ), characterized in that the pressing process ( 3 ) is carried out in such a way that only a part of the organic substance to be squeezed out ( 2 ) is squeezed, wherein at least a portion of the residue ( 6 ) of the pressing process ( 3 ) a gasification process ( 8th ) for the purpose of gasification of the part of the residue ( 6 ) is supplied. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the Auspressgrad of the oil is higher at a lower oil content in the organic substance to be squeezed ( 2 ) than at a higher oil content. Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the residue ( 6 ) of the pressing process ( 3 ) completely the gasification process ( 8th ) is supplied for the purpose of gasification. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that only a part of the residue ( 6 ) of the pressing process ( 3 ) the gasification process ( 8th ) is supplied for the purpose of gasification, wherein the remaining part of the residue ( 6 ) of the pressing process as fuel for the gasification process ( 8th ) is being used. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gasification process ( 8th ) continue to share ( 7 ) of organic matter ( 1 ), which are not part of the pressing process ( 3 ) are. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the gasification process ( 8th ) additional organic substances are added. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust air of the pressing process ( 3 ) during the gasification process ( 8th ) is being used. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the residue ( 6 ) of the pressing process ( 3 ), the gasification process ( 8th ) for the purpose of gasification leads, water is added. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recovered gas ( 9 ) is subjected to a cooling, wherein the condensate obtained in the cooling again for the purpose of gasification the gasification process ( 8th ) is supplied. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the pressing process ( 3 ) recovered oil ( 4 ) is separated with respect to a first portion, which is at least substantially free of suspended matter, and with respect to a second portion, the suspended matter, wherein the second portion as an energy source for the gasification process ( 8th ) is being used. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that the oil of the second portion as a washing liquid for the in the gasification process ( 8th ) recovered gas ( 9 ) is used. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the pressing process ( 3 ) recovered oil ( 4 ) as well as in the gasification process ( 8th ) recovered gas ( 9 ) in an internal combustion engine ( 5 ) is used as a combined heat and power plant ( 10 . 11 ) is trained.