DE102008000629A1 - Method for operating hybrid systems - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid drive, which comprises an internal combustion engine and which drives a vehicle. According to the invention, at least one operating variable is detected, which is associated with a subsequent power-intensive phase, which occurs after the expiry of a time period which begins with the time of detection, has a duration between zero and a maximum delay. The high-power phase is linked to a drive override of the vehicle that is above a limit. Depending on whether the internal combustion engine is active or inactive, the internal combustion engine is started after detecting at least one operating variable associated with a subsequent high-power phase when the internal combustion engine is inactive; or shutdown operations of the internal combustion engine are blocked upon detection of at least one operational quantity associated with a subsequent high-power phase when the internal combustion engine is active.

Description

State of the art

The The invention is based on methods for operating hybrid drives. Hybrid drives are used in vehicles to increase energy efficiency used the drive. Instead of a single internal combustion engine In addition to an internal combustion engine in hybrid drives is an electric motor used for drive. Both engines can be simultaneously contribute to the drive, depending on the drive mode, or can also be used individually. In addition to the drive function the internal combustion engine also works as an energy generator for energy to be buffered via the electric motor used in the so-called recuperation works as a generator, electrically cached can be. In addition, the electric motor optionally converts kinetic Energy of the vehicle into electrical energy around, which is also stored becomes. Furthermore, in addition to combustion fuel and electrical Energy directly into the energy buffer (usually accumulators) be fed. Due to the resulting variety of Operating possibilities can be achieved that the internal combustion engine, when it runs, with energy-efficient operating parameters, For example, a certain constant speed works.

By the variety of operating parameters and operating modes results a complex control that causes a driving behavior, which from the handling of vehicles with combustion engines Although many operating and tax types are energy-efficient are, however, subjectively deteriorated or for the driver represent unusual driving behavior. In particular, the goal of High energy efficiency is usually in contrast to the desired one Driving style of the driver, with efficiency to the extent is reduced, in which the driving behavior different from the driving behavior, as provided by the controller would.

Yet can be without sacrificing efficiency numerous situations otherwise improve the driver's control according to the State of the art, unfavorable appear.

For example, the document provides EP 1 469 195 B1 a method according to which the internal combustion engine is not immediately switched off in appropriate events (stationary vehicle, etc.), but only after expiration of a period of time during which the driver must be active in order to prevent the shutdown of the internal combustion engine by pressing a button. Therefore, the driver is signaled by the controller that the internal combustion engine should be turned off, whereupon it requires active intervention of the driver within a time interval to prevent this. On the one hand, such an intervention is complex and allows operating errors, and on the other hand, the shutdown process of the controller is rarely traceable for the driver, so that the required active intervention is distracting.

It is therefore an object of the invention, a control of a hybrid engine provide, which offers increased ride comfort.

Disclosure of the invention

The inventive method enables improved hybrid drive control by taking into account further operating parameters. In general, the control method according to the invention can be used for all hybrid systems, for example mild hybrid, strong hybrid, medium hybrid, smart start-stop, smart starter motor or micro-hybrid and for drive with starters and supported direct start, with drives with belt starters and with integrated starter generators. According to the invention, the starting or stopping of the internal combustion engine is suitably provided in order to take into account further events which go beyond the usual operating parameters of the internal combustion engines. According to the invention, an operating variable (ie also input variables or working parameters) is detected, which can serve as an indicator for stopping an internal combustion engine or starting an internal combustion engine. Instead of reacting immediately, as in the prior art, if an operating parameter exists, according to which the internal combustion engine should be switched off or started, the method according to the invention envisages waiting for a period of time until it is automatically started or switched off. Likewise, the invention contemplates comparing the operating quantity with a threshold that is removed at a switching threshold (which marks the scheduled start or stop). In other words, this limit provides for a hysteresis, so that the engine is not started or turned off immediately upon the first occurrence of a slightly above a threshold operating value, but only starts or stops when significantly reaching a threshold value. As hysteresis is here called a decision behavior that requires a higher transgression of a threshold for a (mode) change than the mere infinitisimal violation of the same threshold. Rather, by two different thresholds, depending on the mode change direction, a faint overshoot hidden and requires a significant overrun of the "break even" requires. Thus, hysteresis is provided for starting the engine and turning off the engine. Preferably, both mechanisms are combined, so that a Operational value must exceed a hysteresis limit until it is started or blocked, with the start and the blocking is performed only delayed to the exceeding of the hysteresis limit value. Some operational quantities are only suitable for the time-delayed starting or blocking (for example the detected signal of a traffic light circuit), whereas other operating variables may only be processed with a hysteresis-based decision without providing a delay, for example detecting a steep slope, whereupon the internal combustion engine is started without delay ,

When Company sizes are suitable for several categories of farm sizes, d. H. Input operational variables, which are entered by the driver, operating sizes an in-vehicle unit, the operating condition of the vehicle Identify devices, as well as external information, preferably Traffic information coming from units outside the vehicle be communicated to this. Preferably, these sizes combined, for example by weighted value formation and / or by logical links.

Input operational variables include according to the invention: the position of an actuator, which the driver actuates to influence the driving behavior, d. H. the position of an accelerator pedal, a clutch pedal, a Brake pedal, a steering wheel, a motor selector lever or a clutch lever. Furthermore, input operating variables with provided input devices are generated, d. H. Switches with which the driver requests a driver to the operating mode enters, for example, buttons to complete an electric driving or switches that provide continuous internal combustion engine driving, a continuous electric motor driving or a continuous signaling combined driving by their position. Further can also use another tactile input device or an audio input device be recorded and evaluate the corresponding voice commands can, with the voice commands the driving or the change of the driving operation. Furthermore, also for other functions provided input devices are used to detect an input operation, for example the temperature adjusting device of an air conditioner, a speed setting device a cruise control or input devices of an adaptive cruise control (ACC). With such input means can also input operating variables are input, which naturally passed on to the associated device and, moreover, to a body that has the inventive method performs.

When Operation size is also an operating size an in-vehicle unit, such as state variables of drive components such as a clutch, the speed of an internal combustion engine, the difference between the setpoint and actual torque of a torque control or the hybrid drive, a control variable of a cruise control or similar.

Further is used as the operating parameter of an in-vehicle Unit also detects a condition value that does not reflect the condition of one directly linked to the drive element of the vehicle represents, for example, a distance of a distance warning, a control value an adaptive cruise control, a value of cruise control, a load value, a value that reflects the road surface or a value representing the degree of inclination of the vehicle, wherein load and Lane condition taken from a torque request control can be, and the degree of tilt as well this torque request control or an alarm system is removed.

Further can use temperature values as operating variable be used, for example, an actual temperature of the environment, the vehicle interior or the windshield, a temperature difference, a target power value or an operating condition of an air conditioner of the vehicle. In the same way, the operating state of a Defrosting device of a windscreen or a rear window be used as operating parameters.

Furthermore, for example, within the scope of an automatic cruise control, a traffic sign can be detected and processed, for example, that of a traffic light system or a speed limit sign or the like. The detection can be provided by means of a CCD camera or a similar camera, together with an optical image acquisition for the evaluation of the image. In the above-mentioned fields, a corresponding operating variable leads to the reaction according to the invention as follows: A decoupled clutch corresponds to a torque request of zero, which is why the internal combustion engine does not necessarily have to be started when the clutch is disengaged. Depending on other parameters, however, the engine may be started during a clutch break. Likewise, when the engine speed drops to zero, for example in the event of a failed start attempt, the internal combustion engine can be restarted. Both the parameters of an Adaptive Cruise Control or a Tempoamts can be used to capture the torque request, with low torques requested the Burn engine can be started because the Starting the engine at low torque requirements only leads to slight jerking movements.

at high accelerations required, however, according to the invention the start of the internal combustion engine is delayed or blocked. On the other hand, a permanent high torque request for addition of the internal combustion engine provided by starting the internal combustion engine become. In the same way, from a determined load, a road condition or from the degree of inclination a corresponding Torque requirement to be determined, from which in turn according to the invention ermittein lets, whether starting the engine or stopping Run the internal combustion engine to undesirable situations would. Both the limit value according to the invention as well as see the delay of the invention blocking of frequent start and stop operations or the only short-term switching to another operating mode in front. Further, from temperature variables like them above and from the detection of frozen windshields or rear windows (or from the operating state of the corresponding Defrosting) are closed, whether the switching off of Internal combustion engine not to undesirable temperature effects (Cooling), or whether the Internal combustion engine should not be started to heat more and to provide a higher power. The operation of a Air conditioning can influence the operation of the internal combustion engine in the same way since the operation of the air conditioner in the long run (i.e. at high outside temperatures) also a consistently higher Energy supply required.

Becomes further detects that a traffic light system stopping the vehicle or when detecting a corresponding speed sign can shut down the internal combustion engine according to the invention but only after expiry of a delay period, which ensures that by a shortly thereafter Traffic condition (red traffic light, end of speed limit) Internal combustion engine again to provide a corresponding drive power must be started. Thus, the invention allows only short-term Switching off the internal combustion engine, for example, a red Traffic light, to avoid causing the life of the internal combustion engine or the starter is increased significantly.

Further is used as the operating variable for controlling the starting or switching off the internal combustion engine according to the invention external Traffic information, such as traffic flow or jumble news, via any means of communication be supplied from the outside of the vehicle. For example to expect a traffic jam according to this information so the starting of the internal combustion engine can be delayed or at least depending on other parameters for a period of time, which increases energy efficiency because the internal combustion engine is not just in the short term (ie until to achieve the congestion) is started. Likewise can be dependent from other operating parameters (for example, interior temperature) at Capture a traffic jam message and at low vehicle speed the internal combustion engine are turned on to the expected higher energy requirement due to the heating process to wear. As external traffic information can also be the optical Image recognition of a traffic light system or a speed sign the traffic information by radio, WLAN, GSM, TMC or in audio format to the vehicle may be, preferably taking into account one GPS position signal and, where appropriate, of existing map material, along with destination information. In the same way, the distance to a destination calculated by a navigation device is used to control the invention be, with the distance to the target of the farm size corresponds, and at a short distance starting the internal combustion engine For example, the efficiency is reduced by the short-term Operation of the internal combustion engine for a short distance not unnecessarily decrease.

According to one Another embodiment of the invention includes the operating size a ride comfort input or a desired relative energy efficiency input; preferably with other, above operating sizes combined. Such weighting allows, for example, at a relatively high energy input typed by the inventive method provided driving increase, for example, by increasing the Limit or the duration of the delay with which the Provided response to an operating parameter. For example, by the input provides a weighting for a high level of ride comfort, this is the influence of the process according to the invention preferably reduced, for example by reducing the threshold (Reducing the hysteresis distance) or by reducing the delay, so that the internal combustion engine almost immediately to a desired Acceleration reacts, even if by other operating parameters is to be seen that the internal combustion engine for a small Duration will be operated.

As a further operating parameters sensor signals can be used, for example, sensor signals that detect leaked gasoline, oil, hazardous substances or combustible materials, so according to the invention the start of Verbrennungsmo delay or block. Further similar operating parameters can be provided by an airbag control, whereby a start of the internal combustion engine is automatically prevented when the airbag is triggered. This also applies to fire sensors or other devices or sensors that affect the safety of the vehicle occupants, which is blocked in a detected accident, the start of the engine. Other external traffic situations can be detected, for example, by toll sensors or sensors that relate to tunnel management. Thus, the operation of the internal combustion engine can be adapted to the traffic situation provided there. Likewise, an ozone alarm signal can be detected, for example by vehicle-specific or foreign sensors, wherein upon detection of a high ozone value of the internal combustion engine is blocked, or the blocking of the switching off of the internal combustion engine is canceled. Further operating variables entered from the outside can be, for example, signals from emergency vehicles of the police, the fire brigade or the rescue service.

moreover can as a farm size the motion situation be detected, for example reversing, Maneuvering (ie frequent changing of the direction of travel, changing Steering movements with a small distance traveled), temperature of the engine, battery state of charge, the age of the engine, the wear of the engine Engine or the oil level of the engine. So, for example when reversing or maneuvering the start of the Internal combustion engine suppressed or a shutdown of the internal combustion engine are suppressed by the associated jerking the driver in the corresponding Traffic situation no further burden. For example a cold engine or a low battery (i.e., low charge state and / or low total capacity), for example the shutdown process of the internal combustion engine are blocked to Continue to warm up the engine and stop the battery to charge. Further, when high engine wear is detected a high delay time chosen to be onerous To avoid starting operations. In the same way can at a detected low oil level of the internal combustion engine the starting of the internal combustion engine are initially blocked.

Further is preferably the crankshaft positioning or the angle the pre-tracking of the internal combustion engine detected so as to a corresponding agreement with a coupling element or with an electric motor to the start of the engine synchronize, thus providing the engine start quietly. When crankshaft positioning can be considered be that the starting speed in direct connection to physical starting position of the engine is. Furthermore, the engine in its off state to a defined optimal angle as a startup preparation be rotated to a corresponding synchronous angle match to reach. In the same way, the internal combustion engine at a Shutdown defined be slowed down for a Automatically restarts the position of the optimal starting state to be able to take over, so that a synchronous coupling is allowed. In the same way, a starter device in Voreinspuren be prepared to a time-delay-free starting, or to allow an immediate restart.

Brief description of the drawings

embodiments The invention is illustrated in the drawings and in the following Description explained in more detail.

It show the

1 a course diagram of an accelerator pedal position for explaining the method according to the invention

embodiments the invention

In the 1 is a history diagram showing the course of an accelerator pedal position S over time t. It should be assumed that a strong operation of the accelerator pedal is a high torque demand, which is satisfied from a certain value by operating the internal combustion engine.

First, at time t _{1, there is} a short-term high instantaneous demand which, in the case of state-of-the-art controls, would lead to the immediate start of the internal combustion engine. Due to the delay Δt provided according to the invention, however, it is only decided at time t ₁ 'whether the internal combustion engine is started, and it is shown by the short-term increase that starting the internal combustion engine at time t _{1 would} not have been necessary. In this case, the delay Δt prevents the wrong and too fast response to a high torque request. Furthermore, according to the invention, a high limit value S _{2 is} provided which lies above the limit value S ₁ . Thus, slight exceedances of a limit value are ignored, since these are highly likely to be only a short-term or low increase in demand, which does not require the start of an internal combustion engine for a longer period. Although in the in 1 In the case illustrated, the higher limit value S ₂ was exceeded at time t ₁ , this being sufficient as the sole criterion for starting the internal combustion engine, but the invention sees a combination with the delays duration, so that even a short-term, but strong exceeding of a limit does not immediately lead to the start of the internal combustion engine. For example, the exceeding of the limit value after the exceeding of S ₂ and before the time t ₁ 'is ignored by an increased limit value, which then results in a hysteresis behavior, although an increased limit value is used as the decision criterion when blocking turn-off operations. Thus, for two reasons, the internal combustion engine is not operated at time t ₁ ': First, the limit value according to the invention has been exceeded for a duration which is less than Δt, or at time t ₁ ', ie at the end of the delay duration there is no sufficiently high operating variable. and secondly, the decision threshold S _{2 is} above a threshold that is above a compensation threshold, the equalization threshold corresponding to a power demand that currently requires a minimum additional power by the engine.

At the time t ₂ , the power requirement rises above the threshold value S ₁ and shortly thereafter above the higher threshold value S ₂ , so that according to the invention one of the two criteria is met. Furthermore, at time t ₂ ', there is still a power requirement which is above the higher threshold value S ₂ , so that both criteria are met. According to the invention, only one of these two criteria can be used to decide on the operation of the internal combustion engine. A combination, however, allows the suppression of only short-term, but very strong requests increases, as they can occur, for example, the short strong press the accelerator pedal. Further, the amount of operation may be integrated over a period of time to then be compared with a threshold, thereby providing inertia of the control of the internal combustion engine, as provided by the deceleration and the increased limit.

In summary shows 1 in that, according to the invention, the delayed times t ₁ 'and t ₂ ' and the higher threshold S ₂ , which lies above a break-even limit value (as described above), are used for the decision about the start of the internal combustion engine. In the same way, delayed times and operating quantities which are removed from a corresponding limit value are used to decide on the switch-off process. The feature according to which the power-intensive phase is associated with a drive power exceeding the limit of the vehicle relates to the respective amounts so as to provide an additional hysteresis distance even when the internal combustion engine is turned off. As noted previously, the drive power of the vehicle associated with the threshold is preferably at a demand altitude that requires operation of the engine, but with very low, negligible, or infinitesimally above zero power. According to one approach, the deceleration and / or increased decision threshold value "bounces" the engine on / off, as is known in contact bouncing of mechanical switches. For Entprellung of switches elements are also used, which allow monitoring of the switching state over a Zeitin tervall only after a longer switching state or a significant change in the switching state or a combination thereof (for example, a combination using integrator, for example, an RC element) to be able to decide safely on the "steady state" switching state.

The Method is preferably by a corresponding control device executed, the appropriate input and output interfaces comprises, and a controller, the signals of the input interface processed and outputs at the output interface. The control may be for software, hardware or a combination thereof be, preferably in the form of a microcontroller, on which a program or several program pieces expire. In a special simple embodiment of the invention, the input interface via an RC element, i. H. via an integrator with the output connected to such short transgressions of long transgressions to distinguish. In the same way, a comparator in shape a Schmidt carrier for evaluation of the input interface be provided. The control device may be part of a larger one Fahrbetriebssteuerung be integrated into this as a program part is. The interfaces are not physical in this case realized as corresponding function or object heads, which allow a transfer of parameters.

The method is preferably implemented by a corresponding control device comprising corresponding input and output interfaces, and having a controller which processes signals from the input interface and outputs them at the output interface. The controller may be for software, hardware, or a combination thereof, preferably in the form of a microcontroller running one program or multiple program pieces. In a particularly simple embodiment of the invention, the input interface via an RC element, that is connected via an integrator with the output, so as to distinguish short transgressions of long transgressions. In the same way, a comparator in the form of a Schmidt carrier can be provided for evaluating the input interface. The control device may be part of a larger Fahrbe be a control unit integrated into them as a part of the program. The interfaces are not physically implemented in this case but as corresponding function or object heads.

According to one Another aspect of the invention improves driveability. by the timing of starting the internal combustion engine suitable is controlled. So is in situations where an engine start is provided by a drive control, but in which an engine start the driving behavior would disturb, a start of the Internal combustion engine blocked. This is for example only minor Performance requirements or low performance requirement increases the case, due to the total drive power to be provided do not necessarily require the operation of the internal combustion engine. Thus, if the requested power request or power request increase can be done solely by the electric motor by this accordingly is controlled to a higher power, then sees the Invention to block the engine start. For this is preferably a nominal maximum drive power of the electric motor or used a power margin of the electric motor to determine whether the power request or power request increase can still be worn by the electric motor alone, or whether the Internal combustion engine must be consulted to the electric motor not to overload. The performance margin can be defined based on driving conditions or be adapted (for example, based on the electric motor temperature or based on other operating parameters of the electric motor), whereas the Nominal maximum drive power preferably predetermined and in one Memory is deposited.

Next or instead of deciding whether the performance requirement or Power request increase from the electric motor alone can be worn or not, preferably will be the current state of charge of the traction battery, which is the electric motor provided with electrical energy for the drive, taken into account. Thus, if the power of the electric motor itself still sufficient would be consulted, the internal combustion engine, if it is determined that a low state of charge of the traction battery electric drive only or the risk of the abdomen would increase significantly if the internal combustion engine would not work. For this purpose can a minimum power requirement, which is the decision threshold for the decision about starting the internal combustion engine, decreased by a value, the greater is, the lower the state of charge of the traction battery. For example the minimum power requirement serving as a threshold value is only from a state of charge of less than a minimal state of charge (ex. 50%, 30%, 20%, 10% or 5%), the reduction being negative proportional to the state of charge or reduction with decreasing state of charge increases progressively. Further, a difference between a nominal state of charge or a minimum state of charge and a current state of charge of a drive battery or traction battery as a measure of the lowering of the threshold used, which represents the degree of depletion of the traction battery. Thus, according to the invention, a threshold, the as a reference for the power request or power request increase serves to turn on the internal combustion engine, if necessary, the more lowered, the more critical the low charge state of the traction battery and the more the blocking of the internal combustion engine is important for the recharge / discharge of the traction battery is.

Furthermore, according to the invention, a suitable situation for the start of the internal combustion engine is provided by recognizing suitable situations and preferably being used as the trigger of the engine start. The preference may be achieved by decreasing a decision threshold used to decide on engine startup, thereby starting the engine earlier (ie, with a wide range of operating parameters of the electric motor and the traction battery). The prerequisites for an engine start are facilitated according to the invention by reducing the decision criteria when a suitable situation is detected. It has been recognized that the engine start and the associated docking action generate jerking motions that can be masked with corresponding fluctuating driving situations. Therefore, the driving situation is analyzed, and fluctuations that are accompanied by the driving situation with jerking, the engine start is triggered or simplified the conditions for this. The jerking movements or associated events caused by the driving situation trigger the engine start or the reduction of threshold values that are used for the decision about the engine start. Jerks are detected by accelerometers, inclinometers, or microphones, or by signals from an Electronic Stability Program (ESP). For detecting angle inclinations / movement changes, all components listed here (eg alarm systems or their angle encoders) can be used. Furthermore, sound can be detected by means of a microphone, which is accompanied by an uneven driving surface. In addition to the listed detection mechanisms of externally triggered jerking movements, it is also possible to detect jerking movements which are made by the driver or by a vehicle component such as an automatic shifting be triggered. Examples include: clutch operations of an automatic clutch or a clutch operated by the driver, transmission gear ratio shifts generated by an automatic transmission or settings on the gear lever, or other automatic or driver-induced driveline driveline changes that may cause a jerk. In addition, the switching state of clutches are detected within the drive train according to the invention to detect an idle (open clutch) and then start the engine according to the invention. Since the drive is disconnected from the output in this situation, the engine start generates no jerking but only a noise that is tolerated by the driver if necessary depending on other above-mentioned driving situation data. Furthermore, when the brake pedal is pressed heavily (position or speed, in particular rapid release), an engine start is triggered, since in such a situation the driver is already confronted with the jerking movement of the (ending) braking process. In the same way, a little or no operation of the accelerator pedal, for example, over a long time, cause the combustion engine start because the driver expects this and low or no acceleration caused by the engine start jerking only weak (especially when the clutch is open, the coupling opening is possibly associated with the acceleration-less roles).

to Detection of the power requirement is the inventive Blocking the engine start or inventive purposefully simplify / trigger / support the Combustion engine starts the accelerator pedal position in the form of an angular position, the rate of change of the accelerator pedal position in the form of a Angular acceleration, the brake pedal position in the form of an angular position, the Rate of change of brake pedal position or a combination used hereof. The corresponding signals can be from a sensor already provided for other purposes, a Processing unit that already has the angle signals for processed for other purposes or by a specially designated Sensor be provided. In addition, for example in weighted combination of a sum, performance requirements of a Driving control can be used to determine the power requirement.

When For example, the engine start is blocked when the accelerator pedal position 0 is (not actuated). This blocking However, according to the invention can be repealed be, bsp. by decreasing the corresponding decision threshold, if at the same time the traction battery is almost empty, bsp. at a state of charge equal to or less than 10% of the total capacity. moreover An engine start can be blocked if the accelerator pedal only slowly pressed, bsp. 5% of the total distance per second. By way of example, however, such blockage may be canceled when at the same time the traction battery at the same time is almost empty, bsp. at a state of charge equal to less than 30% of the total capacity. Furthermore, the boot process by Mitigate the conditions for an engine start (eg by reducing a threshold) then be facilitated when it is detected that the accelerator pedal is strongly operated, bsp. at a high speed of equal to or more than 20% of the total pedal travel per tenth of a second.

The influencing value components (charge state / pedal position / pedal actuation speed / detected Jerking movements, see above) can be done in any combination combined to the threshold or power requirement to make a decision about the To determine operation of the internal combustion engine. Suitable for combination a variety of (selectable) algorithms, for example a weighted sum.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - EP 1469195 B1 [0004]

Claims (10)

Method for operating a hybrid drive, the includes an internal combustion engine and which drives a vehicle, with the steps: Recording at least one farm size, linked to a subsequent high-performance phase is, which occurs after the expiration of a period of time, which with the Timing starts and the duration is between zero and a maximum delay, wherein the power-intensive phase with a driving power above a limit value the vehicle is linked; and, depending on whether the combustion engine is active or inactive: Start the internal combustion engine after detecting at least one operating variable, linked to a subsequent high-performance phase is when the engine is inactive; or To block of shutdown operations of the internal combustion engine after detection at least one farm size that has a subsequent performance-intensive phase is linked when the combustion engine is active. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one Farm size: an input operation variable, that of a driver by means of an input device, a switch or Input audio input device; a company size an in-vehicle unit; an external traffic information, via external sensors or via remote communication means is recorded; or a combination of at least two of these sizes is. The method of claim 2, wherein the input operation quantity includes: Position of an accelerator pedal, a clutch pedal, one Brake pedal, a steering wheel, a motor selector lever or a clutch lever; switching status a button or switch that is set up, the desire of the Driver to end an electric driving or the desire of Driver to detect continuous internal combustion engine driving operation; and or a detected by the audio input device Speech command, as the engine start command or as Identified command to maintain engine operation has been; the operating size of an in-vehicle Unit includes: an operating condition of the clutch; a zero combustion engine speed after one starting the internal combustion engine by an increase of a Let drive torque requested by the internal combustion engine; one determined distance of a Abstandswarners between the vehicle and a neighboring vehicle positioned in front of, beside or behind the vehicle; a determined or speed of adaptive speed control or adaptive cruise control or a target or actual speed a cruise control of the vehicle; a determined load, road condition and / or Degree of inclination of a load detection unit or alarm system; or a target power value, a temperature difference, a Ambient temperature, vehicle interior or windshield or the operating condition of an air conditioning system of the vehicle; one Operating state of a defrosting device of a windshield or rear window; is an optical signal of a traffic light system, or a speed value of a speed sign, the or which is determined via optical image acquisition; or the external traffic information a traffic flow or stunting message in TMC or audio format, which is broadcast, wireless, GSM or other wireless communication medium is or is a GPS position signal. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one Betriebsgröße also a ride comfort input or includes a desired relative energy efficiency input, according to the at least one of the input operating variables is weighted, and the limit or maximum delay or both, based on the weighted input operating quantity be calculated. Control device for controlling the operation an electric motor and an internal combustion engine of the same hybrid drive a vehicle that has an input interface, a controller and a Output interface, with the input interface set up is to capture at least one input operating variable, the output interface is set, a control signal to the Electric motor and the internal combustion engine, and the control, together with the input and output interfaces is, the method according to any one of claims 1-4 provided. Method for operating a hybrid drive, the one Internal combustion engine and an electric motor includes, and a vehicle drives, with the steps: Providing the hybrid drive in an electric drive mode in which the electric motor as a drive works and the internal combustion engine is switched off; To capture a power requirement as an angular position of an accelerator pedal or as the rate of increase of the angular position of an accelerator pedal; To block a start of the internal combustion engine when the power requirement is not above a threshold value of a minimum power requirement equivalent. The method of claim 6, wherein the minimum power requirement corresponds to a minimum drive power or a minimum drive power increase, which achieved by increasing the power of the electric motor and the required power below a rated maximum drive power the electric motor or within a power range of the electric motor lies. The method of claim 6, wherein the minimum power requirement is reduced by a value equal to the difference between a Nominal state of charge or a minimum charge state and a current one State of charge of a drive battery corresponds to the electric motor supplied with power provided for driving the vehicle. Method for operating a hybrid drive, the one Internal combustion engine and an electric motor includes, and a vehicle drives, with the steps: Providing the hybrid drive in an electric drive mode in which the electric motor as a drive works and the internal combustion engine is switched off; To capture a power increase request as an angular position an accelerator pedal or as an increasing speed of the angular position of the accelerator pedal or as a decrease speed of the angular position a brake pedal, wherein the power increase request via an event threshold that corresponds to a power requirement, which exceeds a maximum drive power of the electric motor; or Detecting a fluctuating driving situation in the form of a opening clutch, a shift of a transmission or strong jerking of the vehicle, and, after one of the steps detecting, starting the internal combustion engine. The method of claim 9, wherein detecting a fluctuating driving situation includes: determining a position of a Clutch that controllably connects the hybrid drive to an output; Determining a position of a transmission that, the hybrid drive connects with an output; or determining roadway condition data by means of an acceleration sensor of the vehicle, by means of an electronic Stability program of the vehicle or by means of a microphone for detecting road noise or noise within a passenger compartment of the vehicle.