DE102007063194B4 - Cell composite, battery with a cell network and method for producing a cell network - Google Patents

Abstract

Cell assembly (1) of a plurality of parallel and / or serially interconnected individual cells (1.1), which are thermally conductively connected to a heat conducting plate (1.2), wherein in cavities (1.4) between the individual cells (1.1) and / or between the heat conducting plate (1.2) and the individual cells (1.1) a filling material (1.5) form, force and / or materially arranged, wherein the cell assembly (1) is arranged in a battery housing, characterized in that the cell assembly (1) for introducing the filling material (1.5 ) has a filling mold (1.6) such that the filling mold at least partially surrounds the outer contour of the individual cells (1.1) and the heat-conducting plate (1.2), that the filling mold (1.6) is a shrinking mold, and that the filling mold (1.6) in the region of outer individual cells (1.6) 1.1) partially applied to these non-positively and / or positively.

Description

The invention relates to a cell assembly comprising a heat conduction plate for tempering and a plurality of parallel and / or serially interconnected individual cells according to the preamble of claim 1, as he, for example, in the DE 10 2007 010 739 A1 is described. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a cell composite.

From the older and generic DE 10 2007 010 739 A1 a battery is described which has a plurality of parallel and / or serially interconnected individual cells, which are placed on a heat conducting plate and connected to this heat-conducting. The heat conducting plate (also called cooling plate) is cooled by a coolant, for. As air conditioning coolant, cooled. For optimum dissipation of the heat in the heat conducting plate, the gaps between the individual cells and the heat conducting plate are filled with a good thermal conductivity potting compound or foam mass.

to Simplification of the introduction of potting compound or foam compound and to improve heat dissipation is the cell composite of single cells and Wärmeleitplatte an envelope or Jacket plate arranged, which with external cooling bars and the heat conduction plate soldered is. After inserting and mounting the single cells on the heat conduction becomes the space between the single cells, the single cells and the jacket plate and / or the single cells and the heat conducting plate with the potting or Foam mass filled. After encapsulation, the so-called cell block or cell compound is created, a massive construction, for example by means of screwing in battery case is attached. After installing the inside of the battery will the housing cover fastened by screwing, riveting, gluing or welding. The casting or filling process is particularly complex and time consuming. In addition, it must be ensured be that, for example, made of aluminum jacket plate z. B. by means of insulation elements not with the individual cells or the electrical contact terminals electrically contacted. This requires the fabricated cell composite and the battery made therefrom by that of the outer single cells spaced jacket sheet a large amount of space.

In the DE 40 13 269 A1 a battery is known, which also has several parked on a heat conducting plate single cells. The individual cells are arranged in a battery housing which has two housing parts spaced apart from one another. arranged a battery case. For good heat dissipation in the heat conducting plate, the gaps between the individual cells and the heat conducting plate and the spaces between the individual cells and the inner housing part of the battery case are also filled with a good thermal conductivity potting compound or foam.

Also Here it must be ensured that, for example, made of aluminum manufactured inner housing part z. B. by means of insulation elements not with the individual cells or the electrical contact terminals electrically contacted. Furthermore, such a battery is needed on the one hand by the battery housing made of at least two housing parts and on the other by that of the outer single cells spaced jacket sheet a large amount of space.

Of the The invention is therefore based on the object, a cell composite for one of them indicate battery formed, which with sufficiently good heat dissipation one possible have low space requirements. In addition, a particularly simple Specify a method for producing a cell composite.

Regarding the cell composite, the object is achieved by the in claim 1 specified characteristics. With regard to the method becomes the task solved by the invention specified in claim 16 features. Advantageous developments The invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Of the Cell grouping with several parallel and / or serially interconnected Single cells that conduct heat with a heat conducting plate are connected, in cavities between the single cells and / or between the heat conducting plate and the single cells a filling material has largely force, substance and / or positively arranged, according to the invention, at least during the introduction of the filling material one the outer contour the single cells and the heat conducting plate at least partially or substantially completely surrounding filling form, at least in the area of outer single cells partially attached to these non-positively and / or positively. This is a space-optimized and cost-saving formation of the cell network allows.

For the space-optimized Training of the cell network supports the filling form preferably on the outer contour the cell composite from and / or is attached to the outer contour, z. B. welded or soldered. It supports the filling form in particular on the respective outer contour of the outer individual cells and / or the outer wall the heat conduction plate from and / or is attached to this or this.

Conveniently, the filling mold is prior to the introduction of the filling material on the outer contour the cell composite can be applied in a particularly simple manner, in particular wound or slidable. Depending on the size and shape of the cell composite to be formed, the filling form can be applied to the outer contour of the cell composite in one or more layers.

In easy way becomes for the filling form a shrink mold, in particular a shrink film used. Under a filling mold is in the context of the present invention, in particular a shrink mold understood, which serves as a mold or foam mold and which after insertion and curing of the filling material the outer contour of the Cell composite forms. By using a shrink mold the single cells and the heat conducting plate during curing of the filling material and thereby by a resulting shrinkage of the shrinking form clamped together under form, force and / or material bond. About that addition corresponds by the non-positive and / or positive concerns of Shrinkage form on the outer single cells and / or the outer wall the heat conduction plate the outer contour of the cell network largely the outer contour of the outer single cells and the outer wall the heat conducting plate, so that a particularly space-optimized cell composite is formed.

Preferably is the filling form a polyethylene shrink film or a polypropylene shrink film or a polyethylene / polypropylene shrink film. By such, non-metallic and non-electrically conductive formation of the filling mold in particular As plastic shrink film are consuming and additional known from the prior art support or isolation elements for support the filling form safely avoided. About that In addition, such plastic shrink films have a high shrinkage force and low shrinking temperatures, so that the single cells and the heat-conducting plate underneath Forming the cell composite simply and safely clamped together can be.

Conveniently, is the filling material can be introduced into the cavities with a predeterminable temperature, wherein the blank mold the filling material in the cavities positive, force and / or material fit presses and / or to the individual cell and the heat conducting plate in a and / or cohesive presses.

ever by default is the filling form after curing in the cavities introduced filling material removable or permanently shrunk onto the cell composite.

When filling material is in particular an electrically insulating and / or thermally conductive filling material used. As a result, the individual cells and the heat conducting plate on the one hand electrically separated from each other. On the other hand, one is sufficiently good overheating protection given by the heat the single cells over the filling material well drained becomes. In this case, the filler even heat-conducting, though even slightly, be. Alternatively or in addition can the filler material with thermally conductive additives, z. B. metal splinters, be provided.

Especially in a cell network for Lithium-ion cells is the filler material preferably cold-curing because of the maximum allowable Temperature of lithium-ion cells performed.

For as possible low-bubble and particularly preferred bubble-free filling the Cavities with the filling material this is preferably a potting compound or a Füllschaum. Particularly preferred materials for the filling material are a hard or soft foam, a polyurethane foam, an epoxy resin and / or a silicone foam used.

Of the Cell composite is in finished state with hardened filling material especially when used for a battery is arranged as a unit in a battery case and optionally attached to this. Preferably, the cell composite for one Battery, a vehicle battery, in particular a battery for a vehicle with hybrid drive or for a fuel cell vehicle used.

A preferred production of the cell composite takes place in such a way that the outer contour of the cell composite formed from the individual cells and the heat conducting plate at least partially or substantially completely surrounded by a filling mold is at least in the field of single cells partially non-positively and / or positively this rests, wherein in cavities between the single cells and / or between the heat conducting plate and the single cells a filler is introduced, by means of the filling mold at a given Temperature by shrinkage of the filling form, force and / or cohesively in the cavities pushed and / or to the individual cells and / or the heat conducting plate is pressed. In this case, the filling form be shrunk permanently on the cell composite. alternative can the filling form after curing of the introduced filling material be removed again.

embodiments The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. Showing:

1 schematically a perspective view of a cell assembly with a plurality of parallel and / or serially interconnected single cells, the heat-conducting ver with a heat conduction are bound, wherein the outer individual cells and the outer wall of the heat conducting plate are surrounded by a filling form at least partially positively,

2 schematically the cell composite according to 1 in side view, and

3 schematically the cell composite according to 2 in cross section through an in 2 shown section plane III-III.

each other corresponding parts are in all figures with the same reference numerals Mistake.

1 schematically shows a perspective view of a cell composite 1 for a battery, not shown, in particular a vehicle battery for a hybrid vehicle or a fuel cell vehicle. For example, the vehicle battery may be a lithium or lithium-ion battery.

The cell network 1 comprises several parallel and / or series interconnected single cells 1.1 , z. B. lithium-ion battery cells. The single cells 1.1 For example, are of a thin metal sheet, in particular an aluminum sheet, jacketed.

In Ausführungsführungsbeispiel according to 1 are the single cells 1.1 bottom side with a heat conducting plate 1.2 thermally conductive connected. Alternatively, the single cells 1.1 also on the head side with the heat conducting plate 1.2 be connected. Depending on the shape, size and / or function of the underlying battery is a plurality of single cells 1.1 arranged in a predeterminable structure. In the embodiment according to 1 are the single cells 1.1 For example, for a space-optimized arrangement honeycomb-shaped, that is offset in rows and columns to each other, arranged.

The heat conduction plate 1.2 serves in particular as a cooling plate. Ie. the single cells 1.1 be from the ground or alternatively from the head through the heat conducting plate 1.2 cooled. For this purpose, the heat conducting plate 1.2 flows through a cooling medium, which via a connection 1.3 and heated as heated cooling medium is discharged again. To dissipate the heat from the single cells 1.1 to the heat conduction plate 1.2 is in cavities 1.4 , in particular slit-shaped cavities 1.4 , between the individual cells 1.1 and between the individual cells 1.1 and the heat conducting plate 1.2 a filler 1.5 form, material and / or non-positively arranged, which in 3 but not yet 1 is filled. The filling material 1.5 is electrically insulating and cold curing and thus causes the electrical isolation of adjacent single cells 1.1 and opposite the heat conducting plate 1.2 and fixed in the cured state, the individual cells 1.1 and the heat conduction plate 1.2 to the cell network shown 1 ,

In a further embodiment, in addition to the filling material 1.5 between the individual cells 1.1 be arranged in a manner not shown cooling or Wärmeleitstäbe formed, for example, made of metal, especially aluminum and in the heat conduction 1.2 are anchored.

For filling the filling material 1.5 are the outer single cells 1.1 and the outer wall of the heat conduction plate 1.2 from a filling mold 1.6 surrounded at least partially (as shown) or completely non-positively and / or positively. In particular, the filling mold is supported 1.6 on the outer contour of the cell network 1 , especially at the outer single cells 1.1 and / or the outer wall of the heat conducting plate 1.2 from and / or is attached to this or this. The filling and curing of the filling material 1.5 formed cell network 1 is after curing of the filling material 1.5 used in a not-shown battery housing.

For the production of the cell network 1 with the through the filler 1.5 clampable single cells 1.1 and the tensionable Wärmeleitplatte 1.2 becomes the filling form 1.6 before introducing the filling material 1.5 on the outer contour of the not yet cast cell composite 1 ie the outer single cells 1.1 and the outer wall of the heat conduction plate 1.2 applied, z. B. wound or pushed.

For such a simple mechanical and in particular non-positive and / or positive application of the filling form 1.6 on the with the filler 1.5 not yet cast cell composite 1 is the filling form 1.6 formed as a shrink mold, in particular a shrink film, through which the components of the cell composite 1 - the single cells 1.1 and / or the heat conducting plate 1.2 - Are clamped together.

2 shows schematically the still unshrouded and unstrained cell structure 1 according to 1 in side view.

3 shows the means of filling material 1.5 and the filling form 1.6 strained individual cells 1.1 and the heat conduction plate 1.2 as a cell network 1 in cross section through an in 2 shown section plane III-III.

As in 3 represented, lies the filling form 1.6 positive and / or positive fit to the outer individual cells 1.1 at. As a filling mold 1.6 In particular, a plastic shrink film is used, which is particularly easy on the outer single cells 1.1 and the Outer wall of the heat conducting plate 1.2 both positively and non-positively wound or can be postponed in a tubular formation of the shrink film. In this case, the filling form 1.6 one or more layers on the outer contour of the still unfilled and unclamped cell composite 1 applied, in particular wound. In addition to the positive and / or positive application of the filling form 1.6 this may be due to the outer single cells 1.1 and / or the outer wall of the heat conducting plate 1.2 also applied cohesively, in particular fixed, z. B. welded or soldered, be. For example, the filling form 1.6 along the longitudinal extent of the outer single cells 1.1 to this z. B. welded or soldered.

As suitable materials for the filling form 1.6 shrink film as conventional shrink films with high shrinkage force and low shrinkage temperature such. As a polyethylene, a polypropylene or a polyethylene / polypropylene shrink film used.

After attaching the filling form 1.6 around the outer contour of the cell network 1 without filling material 1.5 becomes the filling material 1.5 with a predeterminable temperature in the cavities 1.4 filled. For example, the filler material 1.5 depending on the type of film and / or on the film thickness of the filling mold 1.6 a temperature in a range of 120 ° C to 250 ° C on. With decrease of the temperature and thus during hardening of the introduced filling material 1.5 shrinks the filling form 1.6 , whereby the filler material 1.5 positive, force and / or material fit in the cavities 1.4 pressed in and to the individual cells 1.1 and / or the heat conducting plate 1.2 be pressed so that these to the cell composite 1 be tense. Depending on the type of filling form 1.6 this is after hardening of the in the cavities 1.4 introduced filling material 1.5 removable. Alternatively, the filling form 1.6 Shrinked permanently. Also, a shrinkage of the filling form 1.6 possibly omitted when the filling form 1.6 according to force, substance and / or form-fitting and thus closely to the outer contour of the still unfilled cell composite 1 is applied. In this case, a correspondingly tempered filling material 1.5 , in particular unheated filling material 1.5 be filled.

Depending on the type and form of applying the filling form 1.6 on the still unfilled cell composite 1 can the filling form 1.6 the cell network 1 in a manner not shown overlap head or bottom side or completely surrounded this, wherein the filling mold 1.6 in this area depending on the specification on the cell network 1 sealed, z. B. welded, and / or permanently shrunk. Alternatively, the filling form 1.6 after curing of the filled filling material 1.5 completely removed.

The filling material 1.5 is in particular electrically insulating. In addition, the filler is 1.5 thermally conductive to those at the individual cells 1.1 resulting heat to the head or bottom side arranged Wärmeleitplatte 1.2 derive. In this case, the filler 1.5 even be made slightly thermally conductive. Alternatively or additionally, the filling material 1.5 with thermally conductive additives, eg. B. metal splinters, be provided. Suitable materials for the filling material 1.5 As potting compound or Füllschaum are, for example, an epoxy resin, a rigid foam or thermosetting foam or a flexible foam or thermosetting flexible foam, in particular a polyurethane foam or a silicone foam. By such materials, the free or cavities 1.4 preferably low in bubbles and preferably filled free of bubbles.

1

cell assembly

1.1

Single cells

1.2

heat conduction

1.3

connection

1.4

cavities

1.5

filling material

1.6

blank mold

Claims (19)

Cell network ( 1 ) of several parallel and / or serially interconnected single cells ( 1.1 ), which conducts heat with a heat conducting plate ( 1.2 ), wherein in cavities ( 1.4 ) between the individual cells ( 1.1 ) and / or between the heat conducting plate ( 1.2 ) and the single cells ( 1.1 ) a filling material ( 1.5 ) is arranged in a positive, force and / or material fit, wherein the cell composite ( 1 ) is arranged in a battery housing, characterized in that the cell composite ( 1 ) for introducing the filling material ( 1.5 ) a filling mold ( 1.6 ) that the filling form the outer contour of the individual cells ( 1.1 ) and the heat conducting plate ( 1.2 ) at least partially surrounds the filling mold ( 1.6 ) is a shrink mold, and that the filling mold ( 1.6 ) in the area of outer single cells ( 1.1 ) partially applied to these non-positively and / or positively. Cell composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling form ( 1.6 ) is a shrink film. Cell composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling form ( 1.6 ) on the outer contour of the cell network ( 1 ) is supported and / or attached to the outer contour. Cell composite according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the filling form ( 1.6 ) at the respective outer contour of the outer single cells ( 1.1 ) and / or the outer wall of the heat conducting plate ( 1.2 ) is supported and / or attached to this or this. Cell composite according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the filling form ( 1.6 ) before introducing the filling material ( 1.5 ) on the outer contour of the cell network ( 1 ) is wound or pushed. Cell composite according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the filling form ( 1.6 ) is constructed in several layers. Cell composite according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the filling form ( 1.6 ) is a polyethylene or a polypropylene or a polyethylene / polypropylene shrink film. Cell composite according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the filling material ( 1.5 ) through the filling mold ( 1.6 ) in the cavities ( 1.4 ) is pressed in a positive, positive and / or material fit and / or that the single cell ( 1.1 ) and / or the heat conducting plate ( 1.2 ) through the filling mold ( 1.6 ) are positively, force and / or cohesively pressed against each other. Cell composite according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the filling material ( 1.5 ) is electrically insulating. Cell composite according to claim 9, characterized in that the filling material ( 1.5 ) is provided with thermally conductive additives. Cell composite according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the filling material ( 1.5 ) is cold-curing. Cell composite according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the filling material ( 1.5 ) is a potting compound or a Füllschaum. Cell composite according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the filling material ( 1.5 ) is a polyurethane foam, an epoxy resin and / or a silicone foam. Battery with a cell group according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery is a battery for a vehicle with hybrid drive or for is a fuel cell vehicle. Method for producing a cell network ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that around the outer contour of the out of the individual cells ( 1.1 ) and the heat conducting plate ( 1.2 ) cell filling a filling form ( 1.6 ) is attached, wherein the outer contour of the cell composite ( 1 ) at least partially of the filling form ( 1.6 .) that the filling form ( 1.6 ) in the area of outer single cells ( 1.1 ) partially frictionally and / or positively rests against these that in cavities ( 1.4 ) between the individual cells ( 1.1 ) and / or between the heat conducting plate ( 1.2 ) and the single cells ( 1.1 ) a filling material ( 1.5 ) is introduced, that for the filling form ( 1.6 ) is selected a shrinking form, that the filling material ( 1.5 ) by means of the filling mold ( 1.6 ) at a predetermined temperature by shrinkage of the filling mold ( 1.6 ) positively, positively and / or cohesively into the cavities ( 1.4 ) and / or to the individual cells ( 1.1 ) and / or the heat conducting plate ( 1.2 ) is pressed. A method according to claim 16, characterized in that for the filling form ( 1.6 ) a shrink film is selected. A method according to claim 16, characterized in that the filling form ( 1.6 ) permanently on the cell network ( 1 ) is shrunk. A method according to claim 16, characterized in that the filling form ( 1.6 ) after curing of the introduced filling material ( 1.5 ) is removed again. Method according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that as filling material ( 1.5 ) a potting compound or a Füllschaum, in particular an epoxy resin, a hard or soft foam, a silicone foam, a polyurethane foam is introduced.