DE102007063178B4 - Battery with heat-conducting plate for tempering the battery - Google Patents

Abstract

Battery (B) with a battery housing and a heat conducting plate (3) for tempering the battery, wherein the battery (B) has a plurality of parallel and / or series interconnected single cells (1), the heat conductively connected to the heat conducting plate (3), wherein the heat conducting plate (3) in the region of the poles (5) of the individual cells (1) has holes (9) and / or cuts (24), into or through which the poles (5) into or protrude, characterized in that the heat conducting plate (3) is arranged on a single side of individual cells (1) and that the individual cells (1) via the associated poles (5) by means of a prestressed connection of in or on the poles (5) positively and non-positively arranged fasteners ( E1, E2) are each attached to the heat conducting plate (3).

Description

The invention relates to a battery having, for example, a heat-conducting plate arranged on the top side, the battery comprising a plurality of individual cells interconnected in parallel and / or in series, the heat being conductively connected to the heat conducting plate, the heat conducting plate having holes and / or cuts in the region of the poles of the individual cells , in or through which the poles penetrate or protrude according to the preamble of claim 1, as they are based, for example, from the generic DE 197 50 069 A1 revealed as known.

From the genre forming basis DE 197 50 069 A1 already appreciated and now based on a battery is known, the battery housing and a heat conducting ( 3 ) for tempering the battery. Within the battery case a plurality of parallel and / or serially interconnected single cells are arranged. The individual cells are heat-conducting connected to a heat conducting device. The heat conducting device comprises each of the individual cells almost completely. As a result, the individual cells are arranged in a form-fitting manner in the heat-conducting device. To dissipate the electrical energy, the heat conduction plate in the region of the poles of a single cell bores and / or cuts, through which the poles relative to the heat conduction without contact and are passed, the poles, based on the longitudinal extent of a single cell, arranged on opposite end faces are.

From the DE 10 2007 010 739 A1 is a battery with a housing and a heat conducting plate for controlling the temperature of the battery known. The battery can be used as a vehicle battery, for example in a vehicle with hybrid drive and / or in a fuel cell operated vehicle. In this case, the battery has a plurality of parallel and / or serially interconnected individual cells, which are arranged with the longitudinal axes parallel to each other. The resulting in charging and discharging the battery heat in the individual cells, in particular lithium-ion battery cells, for example, in an air conditioning circuit of an air conditioner in a vehicle can be discharged. For this purpose, the individual cells are heat-conductively connected to the heat-conducting plate on the top side. For efficient heat dissipation within the heat conducting plate, a channel structure is arranged, which is flowed through by a heat conducting medium.

Of the Invention has for its object to provide a battery, which economical and is simple.

The The object is achieved by the solved specified in claim 1 features.

advantageous Further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The battery according to the invention with a battery case includes several parallel and / or serially interconnected Single cells arranged at one on this example, the head side heat conduction by means of a prestressed connection of on or in poles of Single cells positive and non-positive can be fastened attachable fasteners. Under a preloaded In particular, a connection is achieved by tightening the fastening element achieved mechanical, positive and non-positive connection of the individual cells over the Pole to the heat conduction plate with tensile load in the longitudinal axis understood the fastener. Here are the individual cells combined into a cell group. The heat conduction plate has holes and / or cuts in the region of the respective pole on, in or through which the poles of the individual cells protrude in and out. through from in the poles or on the over the heat conduction plate protruding poles arranged fasteners are the Single cells can be easily and safely positioned on the heat conduction plate and fixable.

By in the heat conducting plate protruding or over this protruding pole of the single cells is a positioning and alignment of the individual cells in the holes and / or incisions the heat conduction plate during assembly allows so that an extra Insert or other components for positioning and alignment of the Single cells are not required for the production of the cell network are. About that In addition, by using the heat conducting plate as a cooling device and mounting and positioning and holding element a cost, Space optimized and thermally and mechanically resilient cell composite educated.

at an attachment of single cells designed as round cells are these in a possible Design each about attached at least a first fastener, which in a arranged in the respective pole opening engages positively and non-positively. The first fastening element is for example a screw and / or a rivet.

at These individual cells designed as flat cells are each at least over one at the poles positively and non-positively arranged second fastener on the heat conducting plate fixed. As a second fastening element, for example, a ferrule can be arranged on the respective pole.

In another possible Design of the attachment can the poles of the individual cells to be welded to the heat conduction.

In a development of the invention is at least one elastic Element between the fastener and one on the respective Pol held electrical contacting element or the heat conduction arranged. In this case, at least one of the elastic elements preferably an electrically insulating property. As elastic Elements are in particular spring washers and / or spring mats in Type of washer on the fastener below the bearing surface the fastener between this and the contacting element or the heat conducting plate arranged to mechanical deformations as a result of tightening the Fastening element for producing the prestressed connections to reduce and compensate for component tolerances and thermal expansion.

to electrical connection of the individual cells is on their poles respectively an electrical contacting element, for example a busbar, a cell connector or a cell connector board.

to Ensuring electrical insulation between heat conducting plate and single cell and to compensate for component tolerances and thermal expansion is preferably an electrically insulating spacer each arranged on one of the poles and / or on a pole pair. The spacer element provides in an advantageous embodiment, a predetermined gap, the so-called heat-conducting gap between each individual cell and heat conduction. By the Adjustment of the heat-conducting gap is an efficient heat dissipation allows the heat given off by the single cells to the heat conducting plate, by this heat-conducting gap, for example with a heat filled in the leading medium becomes. The spacer element is for example made of plastic.

For an efficient heat dissipation the single cells, which are usually a permissible one maximum temperature of 50 ° Celsius are in the interstices the individual cells, for example, thermal conductors, preferably made of aluminum, locatable. Due to the arrangement of Wärmeleitstäben the resulting heat of the Single cells directly over the Thermal conductors for heat conduction plate guided.

Around an electrical insulation arranged in the battery housing Ensuring components as well as a simple and effective heat dissipation over the to enable the entire size of each individual cell are in a further embodiment of the invention, the battery case, the interspaces between heat conducting plate and single cells as well as the spaces between the single cells with a, in particular electrically insulating and preferably heat conductive potting compound and / or an electrically insulating and preferably heat-conductive foam provided. there to fill the potting compound and / or the foam the battery case completely. As a result, the spaces between inside the battery case efficient for heat dissipation used, while the stability of the entire battery case is increased.

The battery according to the invention, in particular a vehicle battery is in a vehicle with hybrid drive and / or in a fuel cell powered vehicle, in particular for a Motor vehicle for passenger transport, used.

embodiments The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings.

there demonstrate:

1 1 is a perspective view of a cell assembly of a battery formed from round cells with a heat conduction plate arranged on the head or on the end side;

2 schematically a perspective view of a single round cell with placed on the poles spacer elements,

3 schematically the round cell according to 2 in exploded view,

4 schematically a plan view of the cell assembly according to 1 .

5 schematically a detailed sectional view of a cell composite cutout in the pole region of a round cell attached to the heat conduction plate,

6 schematically an alternative embodiment of a possible attachment of round cells to the heat conduction,

7 schematically a single flat cell with head or front side over the cell edge protruding poles,

8th FIG. 2 schematically a perspective view of a cell composite formed from flat cells with a heat conduction plate arranged on the head or end side, FIG.

9 schematically a plan view of the cell assembly according to 8th .

10 schematically a sectional view of the cell assembly according to 8th , and

11 schematically an exploded view of the cell assembly according to 8th ,

each other corresponding parts are in all figures with the same reference numerals Mistake.

In 1 is one of several single cells 1 formed cell composite 2 a battery B according to the invention with a heat-conducting plate, for example arranged on the top side 3 shown. In the example below 1 are the single cells 1 as round cells 4 educated.

According to the invention, the individual cells 1 via a prestressed connection to the heat conduction plate 3 held and fixed positive and non-positive. In this case, a first fastening element E1 engages in an opening 6 in each pole 5 one.

The first fastening element E1 is in the example after 1 to 5 as a screw 7 executed. For this purpose, the opening points 6 in the pole 5 for example, an internal thread. By means of the internal thread and corresponding screw 7 is the respective single cell 1 on the heat conducting plate 3 fixed and when tightening the screw 7 held biased.

Due to the almost round formation of single cells 1 is the base of the battery B space-optimized used. Here are the individual cells 1 of the present cell network 2 each of a heat conductive, approximately round, in particular hexagonal cell housing 8th (Also called sheath), for example, aluminum, surrounded. A cell network 2 surrounding battery case is not shown.

The poles 5 every single cell 1 are in drilling 9 that are in the heat conduction plate 3 are arranged as through holes, inserted and protrude into the heat conducting plate 3 into it.

In 2 is a single cell 1 of the cell network 2 to 1 shown. It is on the poles 5 the single cell 1 a spacer element 10 arranged. The spacer element 10 is right on the poles 5 and encloses these, causing the poles 5 in their circumference with respect to the Wärmeleitplatte 3 are electrically isolated. In this case, the spacer element 10 a single pole 5 or a pair of Poles 5 (as in 2 and 3 represented) of a respective single cell 1 surround.

In 3 is an exploded view of in 2 shown single cell 1 with the Pole 5 attachable spacer element 10 shown.

The trained as a molding spacer 10 is on the poles 5 the single cell 1 locatable. At assembly a confusion of the arrangement of the spacer element 10 on the poles 5 to exclude, are the poles 5 the single cell 1 as well as in the spacer element 10 formed through holes accordingly shaped differently.

The spacer element 10 is formed of an electrically insulating material, in particular plastic. In addition, the spacer element 10 am on the cell top 11 the respective single cell 1 resting end a border area 12 on. This edge area 12 preferably provides an electrically insulating distance between the cell top 11 the single cell 1 and heat conducting plate 3 , the so-called heat-conducting gap, which in 5 is shown in more detail.

4 shows a plan view of the in 1 illustrated cell network 2 with on the heat conduction plate 3 attached, in particular screwed single cells 1 ,

In 5 is a sectional view of a Polbereichs a to the heat conduction 3 attached single cell 1 shown.

The heat conducting plate, preferably made of a metal 3 , whereby the battery B is temperature-controlled, has an inside in 5 more detailed channel structure 18 for a the heat conduction plate 3 flowing heat transfer medium, for. As a coolant such as fresh air or a liquid cooling medium, on. The heat transfer medium, which is the channel structure 18 flows through, serves to remove the heat, for example, in a non-illustrated air conditioning circuit of a vehicle.

The heat conduction plate 3 is between the individual cells 1 and on the poles 5 attached contacting elements 14 arranged. As contacting elements 14.1 to 14.2 are for electrical connection of the poles 5 of the single cells 1 in the exemplary embodiment 5 Polweise arranged electrical cell connectors 14.1 and / or a cell connector board 14.2 intended.

The poles 5 a single cell 1 are in the in the heat conduction plate 3 arranged holes 9 inserted and close at least flush with the top of the heat conducting plate 3 from. Also, the poles can 5 , as in 8th and 10 shown over the surface of the heat conduction plate 3 protrude. The diameter of the holes 9 is opposite the diameter of the poles 5 formed larger. This point into the holes 9 introduced poles 5 a distance to the inner wall of the bore 9 on. Thus, the poles touch each other 5 and the heat conduction 3 not, whereby they are electrically isolated from each other. To ensure the electrical insulation, this is in 2 and 3 shown spacer element 10 on the poles 5 the single cell 1 arranged.

The poles 5 each have the opening in the longitudinal direction 6 on, which is provided for example with an internal thread. Thereby screws are tightening 7 or in 6 shown rivets 20 in the respective opening 6 the Pole 5 one, causing the single cells 1 to the heat conducting plate 3 pulled and thus secured and positioned under tension.

Through the prestressed connection of single cell 1 and heat conducting plate 3 passing through the opening 6 of the respective pole 5 (= Pole opening) from above engaging screw 7 , whose bearing surface on the heat conduction plate 3 directly or indirectly via contacting elements 14.1 . 14.2 and / or elastic elements 15 to 16 rests, is effected, are the heat conduction plate 3 and the single cells 1 held together and fixed. As elastic elements 15 and 16 serve in particular to compensate for thermal expansion, component tolerances and mechanical tensile stresses, for example, a spring washer 15 in the manner of a washer below the bearing surface of the screw 7 is arranged, or a spring mat 16 , The spring washer 15 and / or the spring mat 16 can also have an electrically insulating property.

Due to the prestressed connection is the means of the spacer element 10 predetermined heat-conducting gap 17 between heat conducting plate 3 and cell top 11 the respective single cell 1 set.

The single cells 1 are arranged in detail in longitudinal extension parallel to each other and spaced from each other. In a resulting gap and in spaces between the individual cells 1 and the heat conducting plate 3 and thus in the heat-conducting gap 17 is an electrically insulating and preferably heat-conductive potting compound 19 and / or an electrically insulating and preferably heat-conductive foam fillable. As potting compound 19 For example, polyurethane foams, epoxy resins and / or silicones can be filled into the intermediate spaces. By means of the potting compound 19 the interstices are low in bubbles and particularly preferably poured free of bubbles. The potting compound 19 or the foam ensures electrical isolation of the components disposed within the battery case. In addition, the stability of the entire battery case is increased and allows efficient heat dissipation.

Inside the heat conduction plate 3 is a channel structure 18 , which is flowed through by a Wärmeleitmedium arranged.

For a supply and discharge of the heat transfer medium are in 8th illustrated connection points 26 provided, which are connected for example to an air conditioning circuit of a vehicle.

6 shows a further embodiment of a possible attachment of the individual cells 1 on the heat conducting plate 3 , Instead of screws 7 are rivets 20 provided, which in the openings 6 the Pole 5 intervene and the single cell 1 each on the heat conduction plate 3 hold under pretension and fasten. To achieve sufficient bias, the single cells become 1 from below to the heat conducting plate 3 arranged positively and / or non-positively, for example, pressed and the rivets 20 from above into the opening 6 introduced. The rivets 20 are designed as so-called blind rivets, which consists of a rivet head 20.1 and a tear-off thorn 20.2 consist. The rivet head 20.1 is by pulling in the tear-off pin 20.2 in the rivet head 20.1 plastically deformable. The tear-off thorn 20.2 is broken at the breaking point. The in the respective pole opening 6 engaging blind rivet 20 forms a positive and non-positive connection, whereby the single cell 3 with the cell surface 11 optionally indirectly on the contacting element 14.1 or 14.2 and / or directly to the heat conduction plate 3 is held biased.

In addition, in the pole 5 a filling opening 13 be arranged for supplying an electrolyte, which of a closure element 28 , z. B. a blind rivet, is closed.

In 7 is in perspective a flat cell 21 (with superimposed, electrochemically active films in the cell interior) formed Einzellzelle 1 shown. The narrow housing side wall 22 of the cell case 8th the flat cell 21 is as an electrically insulating circumferential housing frame between the two flat housing side walls 23 executed. The poles 5 the flat cells 21 are each as a flag-like extension of the voltage-carrying flat housing side walls 23 formed and offset from each other, in particular arranged obliquely opposite each other.

8th shows a cell network 2 of flat cells 21 , Which are connected in parallel and / or in series with each other, depending on the application, with the heat-conducting plate arranged on the top side 3 , The heat conduction plate 3 has at regular intervals corresponding to the staggered poles 5 of the cell network 2 cuts 24 on. In these cuts 24 are the poles 5 each adjacent flat cells 21 inserted and protrude over the heat conduction plate 3 out.

Preferably, on the poles 5 before insertion into the heat conducting plate 3 spacers 10 arranged, causing the poles 5 opposite the heat conducting plate 3 are electrically isolated. By means of spacer elements 10 is a predeterminable distance, the so-called heat-conducting gap 17 , between cell top 11 and heat conducting plate 3 adjustable.

On the heat conduction plate 3 is the spring mat 16 arranged to compensate for component tolerances and thermal expansion. The spring mat 16 has in particular electrically insulating and elastic property. The electrically insulating spring mat 16 also points at regular intervals to the staggered poles 5 and the cuts 24 corresponding cuts 29 on, in which the poles 5 are introduced. For attachment of the individual cells 1 is a second fastening element E2, in particular a ferrule 25 , on the pole 5 placed.

In order to achieve sufficient preload when mounting, the flat cells 21 against the heat conducting plate 3 pressed and the ferrules 25 which on the poles 5 are set, are defined with force before squeezing in the direction of heat conduction 3 slid. Due to the elastic property of the heat conduction plate 3 arranged spring mat 16 are the single cells 1 in the direction of the heat conduction plate 3 when biased by tightening and squeezing the ferrule positionable.

In a further possible embodiment, the poles 5 which is in an incision 24 the heat conduction plate 3 are introduced by welding to the heat conduction 3 be attached (not shown).

In addition, in the 8th the at the heat conduction plate 3 laterally arranged connection points 26 shown for supplying and discharging the Wärmeleitmediums.

To decrease a voltage generated by the battery B are in accordance with the illustrated cell network 2 two exposed poles 5 as voltage connections 27 educated.

9 shows a plan view of the in 8th illustrated cell network 2 of flat cells 21 , on the head side arranged Wärmeleitplatte 3 are attached.

In 10 is a longitudinal section of the in 8th and 9 shown cell network 2 shown.

In order to ensure electrical insulation of the components arranged in the battery housing, the battery housing is in a further embodiment of the invention in the spaces between Wärmeleitplatte 3 and flat cells 21 as well as in the heat-conducting gap 11 and in the interstices of the flat cells 21 even with an electrically insulating and preferably heat conductive potting compound 19 and / or an electrically insulating and preferably heat-conductive foam provided. At the same time fill the potting compound 19 and / or the foam completely drains the battery case.

11 shows an exploded view of the perspective in FIG 8th shown cell network 2 ,

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Single cells

2

cell assembly

3

heat conduction

4

Cylindrical cells

5

pole

6

opening

7

screw

8th

cell case

9

drilling

10

spacer

11

Cells top

12

border area

13

fill opening

14.1

cell connectors

14.2

Cell connector board

15

spring washer

16

spring mat

17

Wärmeleitspalt

18

channel structure

19

potting compound

20

rivet

20.1

rivet head

20.2

breakstem

21

flat cell

22

narrow Housing sidewall

23

tension premier Housing sidewall

24

cuts

25

ferrule

26

interchanges heat transfer medium

27

Voltage connection points

28

closure element

29

cuts

B

battery

E1

first fastener

E2

second fastener

Claims (13)

Battery (B) with a battery housing and a heat conducting plate ( 3 ) for tempering the battery, wherein the battery (B) a plurality of parallel and / or serially interconnected single cells ( 1 ), the heat conducting with the heat conducting plate ( 3 ), wherein the heat conducting plate ( 3 ) in Be rich of poles ( 5 ) of the single cells ( 1 ) Drilling ( 9 ) and / or cuts ( 24 ), in or through which the poles ( 5 ) in or protrude, characterized in that the heat conducting plate ( 3 ) on a single side of single cells ( 1 ) and that the single cells ( 1 ) over the associated poles ( 5 ) by means of a prestressed connection in or on the poles ( 5 ) positively and non-positively arranged fastening elements (E1, E2) in each case on the heat conducting plate ( 3 ) are attached. Battery according to claim 1, characterized in that as round cells ( 4 ) single cells ( 1 ) via at least one first fastening element (E1), which in one in the pole ( 5 ) opening ( 6 ) engages positively and non-positively, on the heat conducting plate ( 3 ) are attached. Battery according to claim 2, characterized in that the first fastening element (E1) is a screw ( 7 ) or a rivet ( 20 ). Battery according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that as flat cells ( 21 ) single cells ( 1 ) on their poles ( 5 ) positively and non-positively arranged second fastening elements (E2) on the heat conducting plate ( 3 ) are attached. Battery according to claim 4, characterized in that the second fastening element (E2) a ferrule ( 25 ). Battery according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one elastic element ( 15 . 16 ) on the fastening element (E1, E2) between the latter and an electrical contacting element ( 14.1 . 14.2 ) or the heat conducting plate ( 3 ) is arranged. Battery according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one of the elements ( 15 . 16 ) has an electrically insulating property. Battery according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the elastic element as a spring washer ( 15 ) or a spring mat ( 16 ) is trained. Battery according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that between the respective single cell ( 1 ) and the heat conducting plate ( 3 ) a spacer element ( 10 ) is arranged. Battery according to claim 9, characterized in that the spacer element ( 10 ) electrically isolated. Batteries according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that by means of the spacer element ( 10 ) a predetermined heat-conducting gap ( 17 ) is adjustable. Battery according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that within the housing in the intermediate space between the heat conducting plate ( 3 ) and the single cells ( 1 ) and between the individual cells ( 1 ) an electrically insulating and thermally conductive potting compound ( 19 ) and / or an electrically insulating and thermally conductive foam is arranged. Battery according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized that the battery as a vehicle battery, especially for a vehicle with a hybrid drive or a vehicle powered by fuel cells, can be used.

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