DE102007021528B3 - Gear rod profiling machine e.g. driving table-milling machine, for e.g. production of interlocking profile milling, has tool head rotatable against drive stand around C-axis, where adjustment of X,Y and Z-axes is performed via drive stand - Google Patents

Abstract

The machine (1) has a tool (3) that is adjustable in an angle to a workpiece around a C-axis that is formed parallel to a feed axis Z and/or around a B-axis that is formed orthogonal to the feed axle. The tool is held at a tool head (41) that is rotatable against a drive stand (2) around the C-axis, where adjustment of X,Y and Z-axes is constructionally performed via the drive stand. The tool is rotatable at the tool head around the B-axis opposite to the drive stand, where the tool is adjustable by the drive stand against a workpiece in three spatial directions.

Description

The The invention relates to a rack profiling machine with a movably guided traveling column, on which is a tool for machining workpieces halterbar.

Known Rack-and-pinion machines for the production of gear profiles mill or grind the workpiece.

These Machines accomplish the procedure from one tooth field to the next either over one Movement of the workpiece in an X direction by means of a drive table or via the method the so-called stand, also traveling stands called, which ultimately positions the tool. This axis is called Vertakungsachse X.

To this principle works the possible combinations in the form of: drive-milling, Driving table grinding, traveling column milling and traveling column grinding machines.

The previously available Machines are common in that on a turning device arranged, rotating stand a Y-carriage having a feed movement of the tool in Y accomplished. On this Y-slide is the Y-Z-slide guided, a vertical guide (Z-axis) for the tool head which is arranged orthogonal to the Y-guide.

at The known machines is thus by design the axis of rotation of the tool always exactly in the right Win angle to the Y-machine axis (Feed axis) arranged. All three axes (the tool rotation axis, the Z-feed axis and the Y-feed axis) are so far mostly orthogonal to each other.

Rack profile can orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece are introduced, then called it straight teeth, or in a defined Angle to the orthogonal of the longitudinal axis of the Rack, in this case they are helical toothed.

For the production of helical gear profiles is in the known machines of the stand, consisting of Y-carriage, Y-Z carriage and milling or grinding head as a tool, as a whole about an axis (C-axis) twisted, which is parallel to the vertical feed axis Z. From this Immediately follows that the machine axis Y is no longer orthogonal to Vertaktungsachse X stands.

Of the Prior art has in the manufacture of helical gears the disadvantage of that for the profiling of a given rack (parcel) width the Y axis a larger feed path To run must, as with straight teeth. The enlarged feed path in Y, the this results, is dependent from the gearing angle γ and can be calculated by dividing the gearing width by the Cosine of the gearing angle γ divided.

at The previous machines are created by the rotation of the Y-guides the unpleasant effect that this causes the front end of the Y guide ever further from the workpiece, or the workpiece carrier removed. This results in that the milling or grinding head also with a larger helical gearing angle from the workpiece or removed from the workpiece carrier. this Effect is encountered in the prior art with an enlarged held Y-way and a big one Distance of the tool from the Z-axis guide. For this both measures However, more constructive limits are valid, so this effect never properly balanced.

By the rotation of the Y-axis guide In the case of previous machines, an offset of the tool always occurs in X direction. This results in a non-editable area in the opposite X direction. This "dead" area was usually replaced by an extension the X-way and a longer one Clamping device for the workpiece balanced.

In the practice will be additional circumstances considering the Y-feed path over the actual racks (parcel) width zoom in.

To the one would be this is the additional path resulting from the tool cutting and exit of the rotating, vertically delivered tool. On the other hand, it is increasing in multi-row helical gears the y-feed path in that the tilted tool first with the first row penetrates into the workpiece and last with the last row from the workpiece exit. These Y additional ways can but unconsidered remain, as they are both in the previous and the new principle available.

The machines of the prior art have the disadvantage that only inadequate protective measures for the Y-guides could be attached by the variable and large helical gears at one side very small distance of the Y-guide rails to the workpiece carrier. The space for a telescopic steel cover is not available. Since the Y-guides on the one hand the The largest cumulated distances of all linear axes accomplish and on the other hand lie directly in the direction of flying away from the tool shavings, the Y-guide is always the one that had to be overtaken first because of wear.

From the DE 2223392 A1 a gear grinding machine for bevel gears is known which has a movably guided traveling column, on which a tool for machining workpieces is held, wherein the traveling column is designed to be movable relative to a workpiece.

From the DE 2840940 C3 a toothing machine for gears with a movably guided traveling column is known, on which a mounted on a tool head tool for machining workpieces is provided, wherein the tool head is rotatably mounted about an axis parallel to the X-axis (threaded spindle) axis.

task The invention is an improved rack profiling machine available too provide a more efficient processing in a novel arrangement of workpieces with increased machine availability allows.

These Task is by a rack profiling machine after the Characteristics of claim 1 solved.

According to the invention, it is provided that the tool at least at an angle to the workpiece around a C-axis formed parallel to the Z delivery axis and / or order an orthogonal to the Z delivery axis formed B-axis is adjustable, wherein the tool is mounted on a tool head, wherein the Tool head opposite the traveling stand is rotatable about the C axis, whereby the setting of the X, Y and Z-axis constructively done by the traveling column.

in the Senses of the invention can be an adjustment of the distance between workpiece and tool in the X direction by a moving stand movable in the X direction or by an X direction across from the traveling stand movable tool carrier respectively.

One Advantage of the arrangement according to the invention consists in the omission of the additional Y-Weganteils, which in a rotation of the Y-axis against the orthogonal of the x-axis at helical gears would arise.

There for the Y axis no additional Way for helical gears can be kept more, with reduced Y-way the entire Machine designed with less depth and thus reduced footprint become.

There the novel machine a constant and sufficient distance between the end of the Y-guide rails and the workpiece or the workpiece carrier has, is with her the protection of Y-guides through a telescopic steel cover possible. This measure will an improved long-term accuracy this wear-critical guide reached.

A advantageous development of the invention provides that in addition the Tool head rotatable about a B axis with respect to the traveling column is, wherein the B-axis lies in a plane to that through the Vertakungsachse X and feed axis Y defined plane parallel is.

preferred The adjustment takes place around the C-axis by means of an axle turning device. in particular a servo-motor twisting unit, this particular can be blocked by a clamping unit.

A Such axle turning device may be hydraulic, pneumatic or electric be driven.

These C-axis turning device can also be fixed to a certain angle accomplished become. So without servomotor twisting unit and without clamping unit. In this case, the machine is just on the production of racks limited a certain helical gearing angle γ.

From Advantage is provided a control that the Achsdrehvorrichtung the C-axis controls such that, depending on the positioning the C-axis (and thus the gearing angle γ in the workpiece) coordinates a feed motion which results from an interpolated trajectory movement of the X and Y axes. The following is the coordination for producing a helical toothing in the workpiece.

preferably, are the guides the feed axis Y covered by telescopic steel covers or protected.

Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the other dependent claims or their possible Subcombinations.

following the invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings. in the Individual shows the schematic representation in:

1 a schematic view of a rack profiling machine according to the invention,

2 an illustration of the rack profiling machine 1 with pivoting of the tool about the C-axis, and

3 an illustration of the rack profiling machine 1 with pivoting of the tool around the B and C axis.

The in the figures, the same reference numerals designate the same or the same acting elements.

1 shows a rack profiling machine according to the invention 1 with one on one on X-guide rails 51 a bed 5 movably guided traveling column 2 with XY slides 21 , YZ sled 22 , Z-slide 23 and tool head 41 on which a tool 3 is held for machining workpieces.

The tool 3 is so by means of the traveling column 2 relative to the workpiece in the three spatial directions in the Verkaktungsachse X, the feed axis Y and the Z delivery axis adjustable and by means of the tool head 41 opposite the traveling column 2 and the workpiece about the C-axis at an angle to the workpiece adjustable.

The C-axis is formed parallel to the Zustellungsungs Z.

In addition, the tool 3 still adjustable by a B-axis, this adjustment by pivoting a tool head 41 on the tool head carrier 4 around the B-axis. The B-axis lies in a plane that is parallel to the plane defined by the yaw axis X and feed axis Y. If the C-axis is not pivoted, the B-axis is formed parallel to the feed axis Y.

The 2 and 3 explain the pivotability of the tool 3 around the C-axis ( 2 ) and additionally around the B-axis ( 3 ).

The Invention proposes a novel kinematics for Rack profiling before, in contrast to the The prior art is no longer the complete stand relative to the X-machine axis is twisted. For the production of helical gears Instead, the so-called tool head is used in the new kinematics twisted around an axis using a device parallel to the axis Delivery axis Z is. This turning device is in the kinematics network the last variable before the tool rotation axis. The three Main axes (Vertixungsachse X, feed axis Y and Zustellungsachse Z) stand in the protected Arrangement always orthogonal to each other.

The adjustment about the C-axis is made by an axis turning device ( 23 . 4 ), in the example by a servo-motor twisting unit. This can be blocked by a clamping unit formed thereon.

In addition is provided a controller (not shown), the axis rotation device the C-axis controls such that, depending on the positioning the C-axis is coordinated a feed movement, which consists of a interpolated trajectory of the X and Y axis results. The Coordination takes place in the example for producing a helical toothing in the workpiece.

at huge Helical tooth angles (eg = 45 °) Prior art machines have a relatively small maximum rack width of about 25 mm. With straight-toothed profiles can open However, these machines are machined to 250 mm rack width. This corresponds to a ratio from 1:10. In the new axle arrangement, however, a ratio of 1: 1 respected.

There the Y-guides can no longer be rotated, the base distance of the two guide rails for the Feedup support can be increased. at the existing machines had the collision potential caused by the rotation of the Y-guides, considered become. This resulted too closely spaced guide rails, the in big Distance to the workpiece or ended the workpiece carrier.

By Magnification of the Base distance of the Y-guide rails and by the constant distance between the Y-guide rail end and the workpiece or the workpiece carrier opens the Possibility, to protect them from chips with steel covers.

The Magnification of the Base distance of the Y-guide rails causes a better chip flow between the workpiece or the workpiece carrier and the front of the driving stand.

The caused by the C-axis rotation "dead zones" in Y and in the X direction Decreases severely, if one only the head in place of the entire stand rotates.

1

Rack profiling machine

2

traveling column

21

X-Y-carriage

22

Y-Z slide

23

Z slide

3

Tool

4

Tool head support

41

tool head

5

bed

51

X guide bar

X

Vertaktungsachse

Y

feed axis

Z

delivery axis

C

C-axis

B

B-axis

Claims (6)

Rack profiling machine ( 1 ) with a movably guided traveling column ( 2 . 21 . 22 . 23 ) on which a tool ( 3 ) is holdable for machining workpieces, wherein the tool ( 3 ) by means of the traveling column ( 2 ) relative to a workpiece in one or more of the three spatial directions in the Vertakungsachse X, the feed axis Y and the Z delivery axis is adjustable, characterized in that the tool ( 3 ) is adjustable at least at an angle to the workpiece about a C-axis formed parallel to the feed axis Z and / or about a B-axis formed orthogonal to the feed axis Z, wherein the tool ( 3 ) on a tool head ( 41 ), wherein the tool head opposite the traveling column ( 2 ) is rotatable about the C axis, wherein the adjustment of the X, Y and Z axes constructively by the traveling column ( 2 ) he follows. Rack profiling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that additionally the tool ( 3 ) on the tool head ( 41 ) about a B axis with respect to the traveling column ( 2 ) is rotatable, wherein the B-axis lies in a plane parallel to the plane defined by the Verkaktungsachse X and feed axis Y. Rack profiling machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adjustment about the C-axis by an axle turning device, in particular a servo motor Verdreheinheit takes place, this particular by a clamping unit can be blocked. Rack profiling machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a control is provided, which controls the Achsdrehvorrichtung the C-axis such that depending on the Positioning of the C-axis is coordinated with a feed motion, from an interpolated orbital motion of the X and Y axes results. Rack profiling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the coordination for producing a helical teeth in the workpiece he follows. Rack profiling machine according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the guides of the feed axis Y through telescopic steel covers covered or protected are.