DE102007015081A1 - Wall e.g. combustion chamber finned pipe wall, thicknesses measurement method for e.g. evaporator pipe, involves allowing coupling of ultrasound at combustion chamber wall that allows tangential inducing and diverting of ultrasound - Google Patents

Wall e.g. combustion chamber finned pipe wall, thicknesses measurement method for e.g. evaporator pipe, involves allowing coupling of ultrasound at combustion chamber wall that allows tangential inducing and diverting of ultrasound Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102007015081A1
DE102007015081A1 DE200710015081 DE102007015081A DE102007015081A1 DE 102007015081 A1 DE102007015081 A1 DE 102007015081A1 DE 200710015081 DE200710015081 DE 200710015081 DE 102007015081 A DE102007015081 A DE 102007015081A DE 102007015081 A1 DE102007015081 A1 DE 102007015081A1
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Prior art keywords
wall
ultrasound
combustion chamber
pipe
diverting
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DE200710015081
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German (de)
Inventor
Reinhard Leithner
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Leithner Reinhard Prof Dr techn
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Leithner Reinhard Prof Dr techn
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Priority to DE200710015081 priority Critical patent/DE102007015081A1/en
Publication of DE102007015081A1 publication Critical patent/DE102007015081A1/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • G01B17/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for measuring thickness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/32—Arrangements for suppressing undesired influences, e.g. temperature or pressure variations, compensating for signal noise
    • G01N29/326—Arrangements for suppressing undesired influences, e.g. temperature or pressure variations, compensating for signal noise compensating for temperature variations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/02854—Length, thickness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/044—Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/263—Surfaces
    • G01N2291/2634—Surfaces cylindrical from outside

Abstract

The method involves inducing and diverting ultrasound tangential to a pipe e.g. evaporator pipe, via coupling points. Running time of an ultrasound wave is measured. Wall e.g. combustion chamber finned pipe wall, thickness emaciations are calculated from changes of the running time based on a temperature of the pipe, an internal pressure and different loads. Coupling of the ultrasound is allowed at a combustion chamber wall via welding parts. The wall allows a tangential inducing and diverting of the ultrasound into and from a wall of the pipe. An independent claim is also included for a device for measurement of wall thicknesses using ultrasound.

Description

In Brennkammerflossenrohrwänden von kohlegefeuerten Dampferzeugern treten bei bestimmten Kohlen und Betriebsbedingungen, die meist durch hohe CO- und geringe O2-Konzentrationen charakterisiert sind, großflächig Wandabzehrungen auf, die dazu führen können, dass große Bereiche der BK-Flossenrohrwände ausgetauscht werden müssen. Diese Betriebsbedingungen sind nicht einfach festzustellen.In Brennkammerflossenrohrwänden of coal-fired steam generators occur at certain coals and operating conditions, which are usually characterized by high CO and low O 2 concentrations, large scale wall wasting, which can cause large areas of the BK fin tube walls must be replaced. These operating conditions are not easy to determine.

Eine sehr einfache Methode die Korrosion zu überwachen besteht darin, die Anlage abzustellen, zu reinigen, in Augenschein zu nehmen und gegebenenfalls z. B. mit Ultraschall Wandstärkenmessungen durchzuführen. Es sind auch Verfahren bekannt, die den mit der Korrosion verbundenen elektrischen Stroms kontinuierlich messen und dadurch die Ungewissheit im Zeitraum zwischen den Stillständen und die Kosten des Abstellens etc. vermeiden. Ein solches Verfahren ist z. B. beschrieben in Aumüller, A.; Bobik, M. und Cox, W.: On-line-Korrosionsmessung an Verdampferrohren während luftseitiger Primärmaßnahmenfahrweise zur NOx-Reduktion bei einer steinkohlegefeuerten Großanlage unter Berücksichtigung des Einsatzes von Importkohlen, VGB-Kraftwerkstechnik 76 (1996), Heft 9, Seite 762–765 . Allerdings hat dieses Verfahren den Nachteil, dass die Abnahme der Wandstärke nur sehr ungenau aus den gemessenen Korrosionsstromdaten abgeleitet werden kann.A very simple method to monitor the corrosion is to turn off the system, to clean, to inspect and possibly z. B. perform ultrasonic wall thickness measurements. Methods are also known which continuously measure the electrical current associated with the corrosion and thereby avoid the uncertainty in the period between stoppages and the costs of shutdown, etc. Such a method is z. B. described in Aumüller, A .; Bobik, M. and Cox, W .: On-line corrosion measurement on evaporator tubes during air-side primary action mode for NOx reduction in a coal fired large plant taking into account the use of imported carbons, VGB-Kraftwerkstechnik 76 (1996), No. 9, pages 762-765 , However, this method has the disadvantage that the decrease in the wall thickness can only be inaccurately deduced from the measured corrosion current data.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabenstellung dadurch gelöst, dass US-Wellen in ein Rohr so eingeleitet werden z. B. über einen Winkelprüfkopf, dass diese US-Wellen sich durch Totalreflexion über den Umfang des Rohres ausbreiten und daher z. B. auf derselben Wandseite einer Flossenrohrwand empfangen werden können, auf der sie eingeleitet wurden. Der Weg des Ultraschalls ändert sich mit Wandabzehrungen und damit ändert sich auch die Laufzeit, was Rückschlüsse auf Rohrwandstärkenänderungen zulässt. Dabei sind natürlich die Wärmedehnung entsprechend der Rohrwandtemperatur und die Dehnung des Rohres zufolge des inneren Druckes oder anderer Belastungen rechnerisch zu berücksichtigen. Es sind daher zusätzlich entsprechende Temperatur- und Druckmessstellen vorzusehen oder diese Temperaturen und Drücke sind aus anderen Betriebsmessstellen zu ermitteln.According to the invention solved this task by making US waves in a pipe to be initiated such. B. via an angle probe, that These US waves are characterized by total internal reflection spread the tube and therefore z. B. on the same wall side of a Fin tube wall on which they were initiated. The path of ultrasound changes with wall wear and thus the duration changes, which leads to conclusions on pipe wall thickness changes. Of course, the thermal expansion are accordingly the pipe wall temperature and the elongation of the pipe according to the internal pressure or other burdens. There are therefore additionally appropriate temperature and Provide pressure measuring points or these temperatures and pressures are to be determined from other operating measuring points.

Mit der vorgeschlagenen Methode können Wandstärkenmessungen zur Kontrolle von Korrosionen auch während des Betriebs zu beliebigen Zeiten bzw. beliebig oft in ansonsten unzugänglichen Bereichen durchgeführt werden, z. B. auf der der Brennkammer zugewandten Seite einer Flossenrohrwand, wobei Einleitung und Empfang des Ultraschalls über zahlreiche Einkoppelstellen von der Art wie z. B. in 1 gezeigt auf der Außenseite erfolgen.With the proposed method wall thickness measurements to control corrosion can also be performed during operation at any times or as often as otherwise inaccessible areas, eg. B. on the side facing the combustion chamber of a finned tube wall, wherein initiation and reception of the ultrasound via numerous coupling points of the type such. In 1 shown on the outside.

Beispielhaft wird das Verfahren und die Vorrichtung für eine Korrosionsmessung von Verdampferrohren in einer Flossenrohrwand einer Brennkammer eines Kraftwerksdampferzeugers in 1 gezeigt.By way of example, the method and the device for a corrosion measurement of evaporator tubes in a fin tube wall of a combustion chamber of a power plant steam generator in 1 shown.

ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Zitierte Nicht-PatentliteraturCited non-patent literature

  • - Aumüller, A.; Bobik, M. und Cox, W.: On-line-Korrosionsmessung an Verdampferrohren während luftseitiger Primärmaßnahmenfahrweise zur NOx-Reduktion bei einer steinkohlegefeuerten Großanlage unter Berücksichtigung des Einsatzes von Importkohlen, VGB-Kraftwerkstechnik 76 (1996), Heft 9, Seite 762–765 [0002] - Aumüller, A .; Bobik, M. and Cox, W .: On-line corrosion measurement on evaporator tubes during air-side primary action mode for NOx reduction in a coal fired large plant taking into account the use of imported carbons, VGB-Kraftwerkstechnik 76 (1996), No. 9, pages 762-765 [0002]

Claims (2)

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Messung von Wandstärken mit Ultraschall, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass Ultraschall über geeignete Ankoppelstellen tangential in ein Rohr eingeleitet und ausgeleitet wird. Die Laufzeit der Ultraschall-Welle wird gemessen. Aus Änderungen der Laufzeit werden mögliche Wandstärkenabzehrungen unter Berücksichtigung der Temperatur des Rohres, des Innendrucks und gegebenenfalls anderer Belastungen berechnet. Die Ankopplung des Ultraschalls erfolgt durch Anschweißteile an die Brennkammerwand, die eine tangentiale Einleitung und Ausleitung des Ultraschalls in die bzw. aus der Rohrwand in Umfangrichtung erlauben.Method and device for measuring wall thicknesses with ultrasound, characterized in that ultrasound over suitable coupling points tangentially introduced into a pipe and is discharged. The transit time of the ultrasonic wave is measured. Changes in running time will result in possible wall thickness losses taking into account the temperature of the tube, the internal pressure and any other charges. The coupling the ultrasound is carried out by welding parts to the combustion chamber wall, the one tangential introduction and discharge of the ultrasound allow in or out of the pipe wall in the circumferential direction. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Messung von Wandstärkenänderungen mit Ultraschall nach Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass die Wandstärkenänderungen durch zwei in einem bestimmten Zeitabstand aufeinanderfolgende Messungen bestimmt werden.Method and device for measuring wall thickness changes Ultrasound according to claim 1, characterized in that the Wall thickness changes by two at a certain time interval successive measurements can be determined.
DE200710015081 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Wall e.g. combustion chamber finned pipe wall, thicknesses measurement method for e.g. evaporator pipe, involves allowing coupling of ultrasound at combustion chamber wall that allows tangential inducing and diverting of ultrasound Withdrawn DE102007015081A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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DE200710015081 DE102007015081A1 (en) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Wall e.g. combustion chamber finned pipe wall, thicknesses measurement method for e.g. evaporator pipe, involves allowing coupling of ultrasound at combustion chamber wall that allows tangential inducing and diverting of ultrasound

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE200710015081 DE102007015081A1 (en) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Wall e.g. combustion chamber finned pipe wall, thicknesses measurement method for e.g. evaporator pipe, involves allowing coupling of ultrasound at combustion chamber wall that allows tangential inducing and diverting of ultrasound

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Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Aumüller, A.; Bobik, M. und Cox, W.: On-line-Korrosionsmessung an Verdampferrohren während luftseitiger Primärmaßnahmenfahrweise zur NOx-Reduktion bei einer steinkohlegefeuerten Großanlage unter Berücksichtigung des Einsatzes von Importkohlen, VGB-Kraftwerkstechnik 76 (1996), Heft 9, Seite 762-765

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Effective date: 20121002