DE102007013387A1 - orthosis - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an orthosis having (a) at least one first attachment part (12) adapted to be attached to a first body member of a patient, and (b) a second attachment part (16) formed to be a second one (C) wherein the first fastening part (12) and the second fastening part (16) by a hinge (14) are mutually pivotally connected to each other. According to the invention, it is proposed that the second fastening part (16) has a guide (34) beyond the joint (14), by means of which the first fastening part (12) is guided.

Description

The The invention relates to an orthosis having at least a first one An attachment part adapted to attach to a first body member a patient to be attached, and a second fastening part, that is adapted to receive a second limb of the patient, wherein the first fastening part and the second fastening part by a joint are mutually pivoted together.

such Orthoses are used, for example, the ankle of a patient following a ligament, soft tissue or tendon injury before kinking forces to protect. Since such orthoses allow walking, they are also called Walker called.

adversely in known orthoses is their complex construction, the too an elaborate and thus leading to costly manufacturing. Known orthoses are also bulky and need for storage and transport a large volume.

Of the Invention is based on the object disadvantages of the prior art to overcome.

The Invention solves the problem by a generic orthosis, in which the second Fastening part has a guide beyond the joint, by means of which the first fastening part is guided.

Advantageous on an orthosis according to the invention is that it is very easy to produce. So the joint can be completely in Mold of an injection molded part made of plastic. The allows one inexpensive Production in a mass process.

Advantageous is also that, despite the simple construction just as large forces transferable and are catchable, as with the use of more complex, of metal components existing joints.

Advantageous moreover, that the joint is very simple, so that it can also be mounted and dismantled by laymen. It is therefore possible the To transport the prosthesis when disassembled and to store and assemble to a patient just prior to use. This allows a space-saving storage and a space-saving transport.

In a preferred embodiment is the lead a part-circular arc-shaped Guide, whose curvature circle center coincides with a pivot point of the joint. That way, one becomes get a particularly easy to manufacture guide.

In a preferred embodiment is the lead designed so that a pivot angle of the second fastening part relative to the first attachment part to a predetermined pivot angle interval restrictable is. This can be during of the healing process the range of motion of the damaged joint be gradually increased on the one hand at the end of the therapy complete mobility of the diseased To make joints and on the other hand, an overload of the joint by too early Panning for a big one Stop swivel angle.

Prefers is the lead formed so as to cooperate with the first fastening part, that a Umknickkraft or a Umknickmoment, the or perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the joint, intercepted. If For example, the orthosis is a foot orthosis is the Umknickkraft that force, which, if they are without Presence of the orthosis on the foot acts, to an outer ligament tear to lead can. Such Umknickkraft can arise, for example, if the patient has a foot part the foot orthosis resting on uneven ground. Then a violation of the joint To prevent the patient, this Umknickkraft must be safe from the orthosis are included.

Around the Umknickkraft with a lightweight and inexpensive to be manufactured joint to be able to record is the lead designed to receive at least part of the Umknickkraft. Because the leadership is spaced from the joint, resulting from the Umknickkraft Torque at the location of the guide smaller than in the joint itself and can therefore with simple constructive Funds are collected.

A particularly simple embodiment of Orthosis receives one, if the leadership with regard to one longitudinal extension at one end of the first attachment part, for example a Leg part, is arranged.

A structurally simple way for receiving a Umknickkraft by the leadership arises when the guide Has at least one undercut, with at least one guide projection cooperates, which is formed on the first fastening part. The two leadership partners form such as a dovetail guide or a double-T-guide.

Preferably, the guide is formed as a guide projection on the second fastening part, which has recesses, which are adapted to engage a fixed to the first fastening part locking, for example, a screw are formed. In this way, the first and the second fastening part can be fixed by simple means relative to each other permanently, but releasably. A joint surrounded by the orthosis is thereby fixed to a predetermined pivoting angle.

A Limiting the pivotal movement of the first and second attachment part relative to each other is particularly easy by providing a delimiting pin reached, the at the guide projection reversibly attachable. In this way, the patient can himself changes make at the swivel angle range.

A particularly simple and inexpensive The way to form the joint is to make the joint of an at least partially circular arc bordered condyle and an at least partially bounded circular arc Build up the joint shell.

Advantageous is when the condyle is an integral part of the first Fastening part represents. For example, the joint shell then through a recess in the second fastening part be formed. This results in a very easy and inexpensive to produce Orthosis, which can be produced for example as an injection molded part.

The Orthosis can, for example, a foot orthosis, a knee brace, be a hand orthosis or elbow brace. If it is a foot orthosis is the first attachment part is a leg part for fastening on a lower leg and the second attachment part is a foot part, the is designed so that one foot of the Patient placed in the footboard and so can be included.

Especially then, if the orthosis has a foot orthosis is, the second attachment part preferably has a cranial molded insert for receiving, for example, the foot of the Patients.

in the Below are embodiments of Invention with reference to the attached Drawings closer explained. It shows

figure a perspective view of a Fußorthese invention,

2 a sectional view of the foot orthosis 1 .

3 a partial exploded view of the foot orthosis after the 1 and 2 in which the leg part is detached from the foot part,

4 a side view of the Fußorthese according to the preceding drawings with a lateral guide for the leg part in a first extreme position,

5a the foot orthosis after 4 in a second extreme position,

5b an alternative Fußorthese, in which a condyle is formed on the foot part, and

6 possible components of leg parts of a foot orthosis according to the invention.

7 shows a sectional front view of a second embodiment of a Fußorthese invention,

8th a side view of the embodiment according to 7 .

9 a detailed view of the view 8th and

10 shows a further embodiment of the invention in the form of a hand orthosis.

1 shows an orthosis in the form of a foot orthosis 10 , the two first fasteners in the form of a medial leg part 12.1 and a lateral leg part 12.2 for attaching the foot orthosis 10 on a non-marked first limb in the form of a lower leg of a patient. The medial leg part 12.1 is via a medial joint 14.1 with a second fastening part in the form of a foot part 16 connected. In the same way is the lateral leg part 12.2 over a lateral joint 14.2 with the foot part 16 connected. The leg parts 12.1 . 12.2 and the foot part 16 are mirror-symmetrical to a mirror plane E constructed. The foot part 16 is adapted to receive a second limb of the patient in the form of his foot.

components with a suffix ".2" are each mirror-symmetric to the corresponding component with the suffix ".1" only one each of the components described. The reference number without suffix always refers to the components in general.

The medial leg part 12.1 includes a distal leg part element 18.1 that with a proximal leg part element 20.1 About a snap-locking device is reversibly locked together. For this purpose, the proximal leg part element 20.1 a catch 22.1 on that in a recess 24.1 can snap. In 1 is that for the catch 22.2 or the recess 24.2 to recognize.

The distal leg part element 18.1 includes egg a molded joint head 26.1 , which is bounded by a circular edge R.1. The condyle 26.1 is in a joint cup 28.1 taken in the foot part 16 is formed in the form of a recess. The joint cup 28.1 and the condyle 26.1 are with respect to their thickness D and their diameter d ( 3 ) dimensioned so that when operating the Fußorthese 10 typically occurring, down, ie on the foot part 16 towards, acting forces can be safely derived without affecting the joint 14.1 gets destroyed.

As 1 is in the direction of the foot on the condyle 26.1 a bar-shaped projection 30.1 arranged through a center of the circular condyle 26.1 runs and on both sides with a projecting part over the condyle 26.1 survives. The protruding part reaches behind the foot part 16 and thus fixes the distal leg part element 18.1 rotatable on the foot part 16 ,

The joint cup 28.1 is with a recess 32.1 provided, which has a small amount larger dimensions than the projection 30.1 , The interaction of the lead 30.1 and recess 32.2 will be related below 3 explained in more detail.

At its the proximal leg part element 20.2 opposite end has the foot part 16 a leadership advantage 34.2 with a width B on. In the leadership lead 34.2 can an in 1 only partially visible locking in the form of a screw 38.2 intervene, the pivoting possibility of the leg part 12.2 relative to the foot part 16 to a predetermined pivot angle interval for a pivot angle φ ( 3 and 5 ) is limited, for example, from -30 ° to + 30 °.

To use the foot orthosis 10 becomes the patient's foot on an insole 40 placed, and with not marked Velcro fasteners on the foot part 16 fixed. The not marked hook-and-loop fasteners reach through tabs 42.1 . 42.2 ( 1 ) and long holes 44.1 . 44.2 , With also not marked Velcro closures are the leg parts 12.1 . 12.2 with the help of slotted holes 46.1 . 46.2 . 48.1 . 48.2 attached to the lower leg of the patient.

2 shows a cross section through the Fußorthese 10 according to 1 , The deposit 40 is constructed of foamed plastic and in a two-component injection molding process to a base body 50 of the foot part 16 been injected. On the deposit 40 opposite side is to the main body 50 an anti-slip sole 52 sprayed in elongated webs 54 into the main body 50 into running. Between the anti-slip sole 52 and the deposit 40 are air chambers 56 formed, the cross-sectional area of a toe side 58 to a heel side 60 increases.

3 shows a partial exploded view, in which the medial leg part 12.1 a releasing angle φ with respect to the foot part _lös 16 is pivoted. In this position, the projection 30.1 through the recess 32.1 pass through, leaving the leg part 12.1 from the foot part 16 can be solved.

3 also shows a circular arc-shaped guide recess 62.1 in the leg part 12.1 into which the screw 38.1 protrudes. The screw 38.1 is trained to work in 4 shown recesses 39a . 39b ... to be screwed in. The guide recess 62.1 ( 3 ) is bent in a circular arc, wherein the curvature circle center point with the center M ( 2 ) of the condyle 26.1 coincides and the radius of curvature the distance between the center of the condyle 26.1 and the guide recess 62.1 equivalent. The center M is in turn arranged at a position which corresponds in operation to the pivot point of the ankle of the patient.

The guide recess 62.1 ( 3 ) has a clear width L, the width B of the guide projection 34.2 ( 1 ) corresponds. Because the leadership lead 34.2 who in 3 is not visible, in terms of curvature circle center and radius of curvature with the guide recess 62.1 matches, the guide recess 62.1 the leadership lead 34.2 ( 1 ) embrace. This leads to an additional guidance of the leg part 12 at the foot part 16 that related further below 9 is explained in more detail.

4 shows how due to the screw 38.2 the leg part 12.2 to a swivel angle φ relative to the foot part 16 can be determined. The maximum swivel angle is designated as φ _max . 5a shows the minimum swivel angle φ _max .

5b shows an alternative embodiment of a Fußorthese invention, in which the joint 14.2 in turn, a circular-arc bordered condyle 26.2 but now at the foot part 16 is trained.

For the purpose of transport, the leg parts 12.1 . 12.2 ( 1 ) either from the foot part 16 be separated or they can be at an angle of φ ≈ 90 ° to the foot part 16 be pivoted, leaving it from the anti-slip sole 52 seen from, no longer on the foot part 16 protrude. In this configuration, the foot orthosis takes 10 only a very small space and can be easily transported and stored.

The prosthetic foot 10 is made by the fact that the leg part elements 18.1 . 18.2 . 20.1 . 20.2 be injection molded. It is favorable to the leg part elements, which in 6 are shown to produce with a water or gas internal pressure spray method, since the leg members then have a lower weight and cool faster. A lower shrinkage also leads to a higher manufacturing accuracy of the leg part elements. The foot part 16 is produced in a multi-stage two-component injection molding process, in which initially the basic body 50 (see 2 ) is injected. Again, a water or gas pressure injection molding process can be applied. Subsequently, the anti-slip sole 52 and the deposit 40 molded. The deposit 40 is foamed by blowing in a gas. Alternatively, the deposit 40 chemically foamed. The distal leg part elements 18.1 . 18.2 be with the proximal leg part elements 20.1 . 20.2 latched and each with their rod ends 26.1 . 26.2 in the joint shells 28.1 . 28.2 used.

The 7 and 8th show a further embodiment of an orthosis according to the invention 10 in which the first fastening part in the form of the leg parts 12.1 . 12.2 and the second fastening part in the form of the foot part 16 by means of the guides 34.1 . 34.2 are guided against each other so that Umknickkräfte F _kink , which are perpendicular to a rotation axis A, can be recorded. The leadership owns it 34.1 an undercut 64.1 that with a leadership lead 66.1 forms a dovetail or T-lead.

9 shows for an alternative variant in the form of a double-T-guide the undercut 64.1 the leadership 34.1 and the leadership lead 66.1 attached to the distal leg part element 18.1 of the medial leg part 12.1 is trained. The piece of the leg part 12.1 between joint and guide acts as a lever, the kinking force F _kink in the leadership partner, namely the leadership 34.1 and the leadership recess 62.1 , initiates and so in the joint 14.1 attacking Umknickdrehmoment reduced. This can cause the joint 14.1 as described above, may be formed simply in the form of an integrally formed condyle and a joint shell or pan in the form of a recess. It also allows the use of plastic, so that metal is dispensable. Compared to previous Fußorthesen also results in a more accurate adjustment of the pivot angle φ.

According to a non-illustrated alternative embodiment, the guide partners are connected to each other by means of an elastic member, so that the leg part 12 relative to the foot part 16 is biased to a predetermined pivot angle φ ₀ . The leg part 12 can then move relative to the foot, but with increasing deviation from the predetermined pivot angle φ ₀ increases a restoring torque. As a result, the patient must work against a resistance, which strengthens his muscles. The elastic components may be resilient and are for example in the guide 34 arranged. The elastic components can also be used so that they produce a torque increasing with decreasing distance from a minimum pivot angle φ _min or a maximum pivot angle φ _max . This avoids a sudden impact on the extreme swing angles.

7 also shows a swivel lock 68.1 attached to the medial leg part 12.1 hinged and engaged in one of a plurality of detent slots 70a . 70b . 70c , ... is trained ( 8th ). The detent slots 70 are in the leadership tabs 34.1 . 34.2 educated. By introducing the lock 68.2 in one of the locking slots 70 the leg part is fixed relative to the foot part.

8th shows a limiting pin 72.2 that with one of the locking slots 70 engageable and fixable by means of a screw in this position. By screwing in the delimiting pin 72 For example, the swivel angle φ can be limited in a swivel direction. It is also possible to limit the pivot angle φ by means of a second, not shown, limiting pin with respect to pivoting in the opposite direction. By suitably arranging the two limiting pins, the pivot angle interval can thus be freely selected to predetermined values.

The provision of a guide which with respect to a longitudinal extent L ( 8th ) of the leg part at a distal end 74 is arranged, so has two effects. On the one hand, the pivot angle interval can be limited as described above, or the pivoting can even be completely prevented by screwing leg part and foot part. On the other hand, the leadership leads to the in 7 Umknickkraft F shown _crease to a large extent is caught, so that the joints 14.1 . 14.2 can be designed particularly easy and thus inexpensive finished.

The described principle is not only applicable to foot orthoses. 10 shows a hand orthosis 76 in which the second fastening part 16 through a hand shell 78 and the first attachment part 12 through a forearm shell 80 is formed, both of which are fastened by means of Velcro fasteners respectively on a forearm and a hand of the patient.

The forearm shell 80 owns a media len footbridge 82.1 and a lateral bridge 82.2 , both in one joint on the hand shell 78 are pivotally mounted. The bridges 82.1 . 82.2 run over the joints 14 In addition, so form lever arms and are in guides 34.1 . 34.2 guided. With regard to the design of the guides, the knee brace differs 76 not from the foot orthosis described above 10 ,

10

foot orthosis

12.1

mediales leg part

12.2

lateral leg part

14.1

mediales joint

14.2

lateral joint

16

footboard

18

distal Leg part element

20

proximal Leg part element

22

locking lug

24

recess

26

joint head

28

joint shell

30

head Start

32

recess

34

guide projection

38

screw

39

recess

40

inlay

42

flap

44

Long hole

46

Long hole

48

Long hole

50

body

52

Anti-slip sole

54

Stege

56

air chamber

58

toe side

60

heel side

62

guide recess

64

undercut

66

guide projection

68

lock

70

Index slot

72

limiting tab

74

distal The End

76

orthosis

78

hand shell

80

forearm pad

82

web

B

width

D

thickness

d

diameter

e

mirror plane

L

clear width

M

pivot point

R.1; R.2

edge

φ

swivel angle

φ _max

maximum angle

φ _min

Low angle

φ _lös

releasing angle

Claims (25)

Orthosis with (a) at least one first attachment part ( 12 ) adapted to be attached to a first limb of a patient, and (b) a second attachment ( 16 ) adapted to receive a second limb of the patient, (c) wherein the first attachment part ( 12 ) and the second fastening part ( 16 ) by a joint ( 14 ) are mutually pivotally connected to each other, characterized in that (d) the second fastening part ( 16 ) beyond the joint ( 14 ) a guided tour ( 34 ), by means of which the first fastening part ( 12 ) is guided. Orthosis according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide ( 34 ) a partial arc-shaped guide ( 34 ) whose center of curvature of curvature with a pivot point (M) of the joint ( 14 ) coincides. Orthosis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide ( 34 ) is formed so that a pivot angle (φ) of the two-th fastening part ( 16 ) relative to the first fastening part ( 12 ) can be limited to a predetermined pivot angle interval (φ _min , φ _max ). Orthosis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide ( 34 ) with the first fastening part ( 16 ) for intercepting a Umknickkraft (F _kink ), which parallel to a rotation axis (A) of the joint ( 14 ), interacts. Orthosis according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide ( 34 ) at one end of the first attachment part ( 12 ) is arranged. Orthosis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide ( 34 ) an undercut ( 64 ) provided with a guide projection ( 66 ) cooperating with the first fastening part ( 12 ) is trained. Orthosis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide as a guide projection ( 34 ) on the second fastening part ( 16 ), the recesses ( 39.1 . 39.2 , ...), which are adapted to engage through a first fastening part ( 12 ) fixed catch ( 38 ) are formed. Orthosis according to claim 7, characterized in that the first fastening part ( 12 ) a circular arc-shaped recess ( 62 ), whose curvature circle center and radius of curvature of the guide ( 34 ) and its clear width (L) of a width (B) the guide projection ( 34 ), and for cooperation with the management projection ( 34 ) is trained. Orthosis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one limiting pin ( 72 ), which is attachable relative to the guide projection, that the second fastening part ( 16 ) can be limited to the predetermined pivot angle interval (φ _min , φ _max ). Orthosis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the joint ( 14 ) an at least partially circular arcuate bound condyle ( 26 ), which in an at least partially circular arc-shaped bound joint shell ( 28 ) is stored. Orthosis according to claim 10, characterized in that the condyle ( 26 ) bounded circularly and in a circularly bound joint shell ( 28 ) is stored. Orthosis according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that - on the condyle ( 26 ) a lead ( 30 ) which extends in a radial direction over the condyle ( 26 ), and - the joint cup ( 28 ) a recess ( 32 ), which is formed so that the projection ( 30 ) only in a predetermined angular position of the first fastening part ( 12 ) relative to the second fastening part ( 16 ) through the recess ( 32 ) is movable and in all other angular positions of the condyle ( 26 ) in the joint shell ( 28 ) holds. Orthosis according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the condyle ( 26 ) an integral part of the first fastening part ( 12 ). Orthosis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the joint shell ( 28 ) through a recess in the second fastening part ( 16 ) is formed. Orthosis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first fastening part ( 12 ) and / or the second fastening part ( 16 ) Injection molded parts are. Orthosis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that they include a foot orthosis, knee brace, a Hand orthosis or an elbow joint orthosis is. Orthosis according to claim 16, characterized in that it is a foot orthosis, wherein the first fastening part is a leg part ( 12 ) and the second attachment part a foot part ( 16 ). Orthosis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leg part ( 12 ) a distal leg part element ( 18 ) and a proximal leg subelement ( 20 ), which are reversibly latched together. Orthosis according to claim 18, characterized by a medial leg part ( 12.1 ) and a lateral leg part ( 12.2 ), which are mirror-symmetrical to each other. Orthosis according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized that they are gel-symmetric with respect to a plane of symmetry (E). Orthosis according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the joint ( 14 ) is formed so that at least one leg part ( 12 ) is foldable forward so that it comes from a sole ( 52 ) of the foot part ( 16 ) essentially not over the foot part ( 16 protrudes). Orthosis according to one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that the foot part ( 16 ) a cranially molded insert ( 40 ). Orthosis according to claim 22, characterized in that the insert ( 40 ) is foamed, in particular physically foamed. Orthosis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first fastening part ( 12 ) and the leadership ( 34 ) are in contact with one another via at least one elastic component such that the first fastening part ( 12 ) relative to the second fastening part ( 16 ) is biased to a predetermined pivoting angle and a deflection of the first fastening part ( 12 ) relative to the second fastening part ( 16 ) leads from the predetermined pivoting angle to one of the deflection counteracting force. Orthosis according to claim 24, characterized in that the at least one elastic member between the at least one limiting pin ( 72 ) and the first fastening part ( 12 ) is arranged.