DE102007003433A1 - Diaphragm for sound-technical playback of complete audio band in e.g. high range loudspeaker, has material with high flexibility gradually changed into low flexibility, where diaphragm fulfills requirements to playback of entire audio band - Google Patents

Abstract

The diaphragm (2) has a material with a completely different scattering ratio values at different positions. Flexibility of the material is reduced by an end gradually after another end, where high flexibility of the material is gradually changed into a low flexibility, so that the diaphragm fulfills requirements to a playback of complete audio band. The diaphragm has three diaphragm zones (21, 22, 23) with high, middle and low flexibilities, respectively. The material is selected from a group of sulfate acidiferous pulp, pulp of kraft paper, cotton wool and elastically fixed synthetic fiber.

Description

The The present invention relates to a speaker inserted Single membrane, in particular a membrane whose material is very different Strengths at the individual points has. It will allows that a single membrane already the high tone, midtone and bass in the entire listening area can play.

With the progressive economic development is increasing also constantly the standard of living of the human world, which causes that ever higher Requirements for leisure activities are made. In the Pastime, it does not matter if you watch TV, visit a movie theater, or listen to music the enjoyment always connected with the visual and auditory perception. A further standard increase in the visual and auditory perception is always on the research of video and audio products reliant. In the visual field, one has good luck, because the video products develop very quickly and daily new changes bring. Currently, the video products have been around at a time digital, high-resolution Flat-screen slides developed. All high-resolution and low-radiation Products are experiencing rapid development, whether they are to an LCD TV or plasma TV acts. If a review is thrown on the development of audio products, you hardly see a breakthrough or an increase in quality, because only very few Manufacturers their powers and Invest funds in research in this field. According to the general opinion, it is hardly possible to use the speaker, the in audio products as the main ingredient serves to continue to improve because it has been used for quite a long time and only a relative one owns simple structure. So concentrate the current Research in this field mostly on the development of a Amplification circuit.

• 1. Im Bereich des Frequenzgangs: Wie in 1 gezeigt, besitzt die Kennlinie hier nur einen schmalen Bereich. Außerdem ist der Frequenzgang nicht glatt und mit einer großen Verzerrung. Unter den gleichen Bedingungen eines konstruierten Magnetstromkreises zeigt die Membran oft eine Verzerrungsdifferenz von 10 bis 15 dB zwischen der Spitze und dem Tal. Der Frequenzbereich ist auch relativ schmal und beträgt etwa 20% bis 25% Hz. Wenn eine Frequenz von 10 KHz festgelegt ist, kann sie höchstwahrscheinlich nur 8 KHz erreichen. Wenn eine Frequenz von 20 Hz ausgelegt ist, kann eine Frequenzabsenkung in der Wirklichkeit schon bei 10 bis 13 KHz beginnen. Zur Lösung dieses Problems stehen u. a. folgende Möglichkeiten zur Verfügung: Entweder muss ein Kurzschlussring oder eine Hochton-Membran (H-Cone) im Lautsprecher eingebaut werden, oder muss die Schwingungsmasse verringert werden, oder müssen der Aufbau und das Gewicht der Schwingspule geändert werden. Darüber hinaus kann das Problem auch durch die Verkleinerung der Anordnungsbreite der Schwingspule oder durch die Änderung der eigentlichen Form der Membran gelöst werden. All dies wird zu einer Kostenerhöhung führen. Auch technisch kann es zu einer Klangverfälschung führen, die den akustischen Bedingungen nicht entspricht.
• 2. Im Bereich der Tonqualität: Weil die Membran aus einem einheitlichen Material hergestellt ist, ist sie nicht in der Lage, die gewünschten Tonfarben, die jeweils im Hochton-, Mittelton- und Tieftonbereich verteilt sind, gleichzeitig wiederzugeben. Bedingt durch die homogene Festigkeit eines einheitlichen Materials ist die nach dem traditionellen Verfahren hergestellte Membran auf einen bestimmten Tonbereich beschränkt. Nachfolgend wird der Grund anhand des Prinzips einer Wippe geklärt: Wenn mehr Wert auf den Tiefton gelegt wird, geht der Mittelton zum Teil verloren, was zu einem trüben und unklaren Klang führt. Umgekehrt, wenn mehr Wert auf den Mittelton gelegt wird, so entsteht ein Verlust des Tieftons, was wiederum zu einem scharfen und unangenehmen Klang führt. So befinden sich die Hersteller immer in einem Dilemma, so dass sie diese Beschränkung bis heute immer noch nicht durchbrechen können.
• 3. Im Bereich des Wirkungsgrades: Weil die Einzelmembran aus einem gleichen Material mit homogener Festigkeit und Dichte hergestellt ist, ist sie nicht in der Lage, die gewünschten Tonfarben mit unterschiedlichen Amplituden, die jeweils für den Hochton, Mittelton oder Tiefton bestimmt sind, der Reihenfolge nach wiederzugeben. Außerdem kann es leicht passieren, dass die Tonfarben nicht ungehindert wiedergegeben werden. So kann die Membran ihren Wirkungsgrad nicht zu voller Geltung bringen, geschweige denn, dass die Membran bei der Wiedergabe ihren optimalen Stand erreicht.

As is well known, a diaphragm is present in all speakers. In today's popular designs, such a membrane can only be made from a similar material, either cardboard, plastic or any other material, or even aluminum, according to the newly developed technology. This means that at all points of the single membrane, regardless of whether it should produce the air pressure fluctuations for a high tone, for a mid-tone or for a low tone, a single material with the same strength and density is used. The disadvantages of this construction can be summarized as follows:

• 1. In the range of the frequency response: As in 1 shown, the characteristic here has only a narrow range. In addition, the frequency response is not smooth and with a large distortion. Under the same conditions of a constructed magnet circuit, the diaphragm often shows a distortion difference of 10 to 15 dB between the tip and the valley. The frequency range is also relatively narrow and is about 20% to 25% Hz. If a frequency of 10 KHz is set, it can most likely reach only 8 KHz. If a frequency of 20 Hz is designed, a frequency reduction in reality can start at 10 to 13 KHz. The following options are available to solve this problem: Either a shorting ring or a high-tone cone (H-cone) must be installed in the loudspeaker, or the vibration mass must be reduced, or the structure and weight of the voice coil must be changed. In addition, the problem can also be solved by reducing the arrangement width of the voice coil or by changing the actual shape of the membrane. All this will lead to a cost increase. Technically, too, it can lead to a sound distortion that does not correspond to the acoustic conditions.
• 2. In the field of sound quality: Because the membrane is made of a uniform material, it is unable to reproduce the desired tone colors, which are distributed in each case in the high-frequency, mid-range and low-frequency range at the same time. Due to the homogeneous strength of a uniform material, the membrane produced by the traditional method is limited to a certain clay range. The reason is explained below on the basis of the principle of a rocker: If more emphasis is placed on the bass, the midtone is lost in part, resulting in a dull and unclear sound. Conversely, when more emphasis is placed on the midtone, there is a loss of bass, which in turn leads to a sharp and unpleasant sound. Thus, the manufacturers are always in a dilemma, so they still can not break this restriction to this day.
• 3. In the range of efficiency: Because the single membrane is made of a same material with homogeneous strength and density, it is not able to order the desired tone colors with different amplitudes, each intended for the treble, midtone or bass after play. In addition, it can easily happen that the tone colors are not reproduced unhindered. Thus, the membrane can not bring their efficiency to full advantage, let alone that the membrane reaches its optimum state during playback.

To the different tone colors in the high-tone, mid-tone and low-frequency areas without distortion To be able to play properly, most of today's common audio devices are equipped with a crossover, through which the entire audible frequency range is divided on the separate high-frequency, mid-range and woofers. The crossover can separate the high, mid, and low tones of a piece of music, and then rework their behavior and tone colors. Then, these post-processed signals are output to the corresponding high-frequency, mid-range and low-frequency speakers, so that the music piece is reproduced with an appropriate sound quality.

Even though the different tone colors in the treble, midtone and bass ranges using a crossover through a number of high-frequency, mid-range and bass speakers can be played, however, the resulting music piece sounds not true and true to nature, because the sound here by an electronic Crossover has been reworked. In addition, this method claims even higher Production costs. The worldwide development of audio technology is always limited by this dilemma.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a membrane for sound engineering Playback of the entire listening area to create a flawless reproduction of the tone colors and tonal qualities in the entire audible Frequency range, including the high-frequency, mid-range and low-frequency range.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a membrane for a To create loudspeakers by simple measures the above-mentioned disadvantages does not have.

These The object is achieved by a membrane for sound reproduction of the entire listening area, having the features specified in claim 1. Further advantageous Further developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

If a single speaker covers the entire listening area including the Tweeter, midrange and bass section flawless and distortionless can reproduce, under the condition that no crossover is used, heard that in the opinion of the inventors already a revolutionary breakthrough in the development of speakers and other audio products. When converting from electricity to sound, the membrane is in the speaker of great Importance. It plays a crucial role in the sound behavior and the sound quality. That's why it's absolutely necessary to develop a novel membrane with high quality. To the above To achieve this goal, the material in the membrane must be designed that way be that at different points of the membrane the different Strengths. From the inner edge to the outer edge must the material changes its structural strength and density, d. h., the strength must gradually from Remove top down. This change takes place stepwise according to the order of the frequency ranges. Thereby is it possible that the membrane in different places and in different Areas has different strengths and densities. Of the entire listening area is then considered the individual high, mid and low frequencies divided into the appropriate places, so that a single membrane the entire listening area perfectly reproduce with the ideal tone colors and sound qualities can.

in the Below, the invention and its embodiments are related closer with the figures explained. Show it:

1 the frequency response of a commercially available speaker diaphragm;

2 a sectional view of a loudspeaker according to the invention;

3 a schematic representation of the reciprocation of an air flow according to the present invention;

4 the frequency response as a function of the stepwise changing displacement path;

5 a structural view according to the present invention with local magnification;

6 the frequency response of a loudspeaker diaphragm according to the present invention;

7 a schematic representation of the connection of the membrane with the voice coil of the present invention;

8th a schematic representation of another possibility of connecting the diaphragm to the voice coil of the present invention; and

9 a sectional view of another speaker according to the present invention.

Referring to 2 has a loudspeaker according to the invention 1 known components such as a membrane 2 , a cap 3 , a voice coil 4 , an anchor 5 , a magnet 6 , a washer 7 and a spider 8th and a pedestal 9 etc. on.

The speaker 1 must work with an audio device that converts electrical energy into kinetic energy. In the speaker 1 arises one (as in the 3 shown) back and forth movement as a piston movement, whereby the air displaces and thus the corresponding sound is generated.

In the 4 is a frequency response of the audio frequency in the speaker 1 as a function of the linear displacement of the reciprocating motion. From this, it can be seen that the stepwise varying shifts (the shifts of the reciprocating motions) are quite different in the high-tone, mid-range, and low-frequency ranges, with the shuffling distance being the smallest in the high-frequency range. The shift range in the midrange is greater than that in the treble range, but smaller than that in the low frequency range. Due to this principle, the individual membrane according to the invention 2 in this construction meet the requirements for different displacement paths throughout the listening area.

In the 5 is a membrane according to the invention 2 shown, wherein the structural strength, the density and the Schopper-Riegeler number (hereinafter called SR number) of the material used from the inner edge of the central cap 3 gradually changed after the outer edge, that is, the structural strength is gradually reduced from a higher strength to a lower strength. This change occurs gradually according to the order of the frequency ranges, so that the entire membrane 2 can be roughly divided into three strength zones, namely: the membrane zone made of fine fibers 21 , the membrane zone made of mid-fibers 22 and the membrane zone made of thick fibers 23 ,

The membrane zone 21 is responsible for the generation of the high tone. It is mainly made of a high strength material whose SR number is SR28 °. Depending on the material actually used, the SR number must be increased or decreased to match the structural integrity of the high strength membrane. The frequently used material is selected from a group consisting of hemp, flax, high-strength chemical fibers, nano-chemical fibers and other suitable materials.

The membrane zone 22 medium strength is intended for midrange production. It is mainly made of a material with a medium strength. The frequently used SR number is SR23 °. Depending on the material actually used, the SR number may be more or less adjusted to suit the structural integrity of the membrane zone with a medium strength. The commonly used material is selected from a group which may consist of sulphurous pulp, kraft pulp or other similar materials.

The membrane zone 23 with a low strength is suitable for the generation of the bass. It is mainly made of a low-strength material whose SR number is often SR18 °. The SR number can be regulated depending on the material actually used to adjust the structural configuration of the membrane zone with a low strength. Wool, cotton, anti-elastic chemical fibers or the like can be used here as material.

The aforementioned, in the embodiments used materials for the preparation of the membrane can in dependence from the respective property of the respective sound area with each other in a suitable ratio mixed and combined into a composite. Following materials can used as constituents of the composite: animal and vegetable fiber, chemical and mineral fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber, other chemical auxiliaries o. a.

As a result, in this embodiment of the present invention, it is realized that the membrane 2 in their sectional view at individual points quite different materials, SR numbers, structural strengths and density has. Of particular note is that the membrane gradually reduces its structural strength gradually from inside to outside. This gradual reduction starts from the membrane zone 21 with an SR number of 28 °. It goes very slowly into the SR number of 23 ° in the membrane zone 22 and finally into the SR number of 18 ° in the membrane zone 23 above. It only needs to be taken care that in reality the SR number can be more or less adjusted to better meet the different membrane strength requirements. Simply put, the transition from the membrane zone 21 in the membrane zone 23 corresponds approximately to a gradual gradual reduction of the SR number from SR28 ° to SR18 °. So owns the single membrane 2 quite different characteristics in the piston movement, because it has corresponding strength at their different locations. Therefore, it can meet the technical sound requirements for outputting all sound frequencies generated in the high-frequency, mid-range or low-frequency range, so that the single diaphragm 2 the entire listening area can play properly.

• 1. Sie macht es nicht nur möglich, dass die Wiedergabe einer optimalen Tonqualität schon durch einen einzigen Lautsprecher erfolgen kann, sondern erhöht auch den Wirkungsgrad eines Lautsprechers. Außerdem wird die Anforderung an Feldstärke eines Magneten ermäßigt und der Energieverbrauch dadurch reduziert, was zu einer Ersparung der Herstellungskosten führt.
• 2. Durch die stufenweise konstruierte, linealglatte Tonqualität kann die Konstruktionskosten der Frequenzweiche auch erniedrigt werden.
• 3. Durch die Erhöhung der Umwandlungsleistung von elektrischer Energie in kinetische Energie kann die Konstruktion der Antriebskraft eines Tonverstärkers und der dazugehörigen Nachbearbeitung vereinfacht werden. Dies ermäßigt nicht nur den Verlust der Ausgabeleistung, erhöht sondern auch die Anwendbarkeit und die Funktionalität des Einzellautsprechers. Im Vergleich zu dem heutigen technischen Stand können die drei oben erwähnten Punkte die Arbeitskosten mindestens um 15–20% reduzieren. Außerdem kann das Ziel, Energie zu ersparen, auch erreicht werden.

In summary, for example, the following effects can be realized with the membrane according to the invention:

• 1. It not only makes it possible to reproduce optimal sound quality through a single speaker, but also increases the efficiency of a loudspeaker. In addition, the requirement for field strength of a magnet is reduced and the power consumption is thereby reduced, resulting in a saving in manufacturing costs.
• 2. The gradual design of the ruler-smooth sound quality can also reduce the design cost of the crossover.
• 3. By increasing the conversion efficiency of electric energy into kinetic energy, the construction of the driving force of a sound amplifier and the associated post-processing can be simplified. This not only reduces the loss of output power, but also increases the applicability and functionality of the single speaker. Compared to the current state of the art, the three points mentioned above can reduce labor costs by at least 15-20%. In addition, the goal of saving energy can also be achieved.

• 1. Die verzerrter Teile der Tonqualität können nachbearbeitet werden, so dass ein stufenweise konstruierter, linealglatter Frequenzgang erreicht wird. In der 1 ist ein Frequenzgang einer heute gängigen Membran dargestellt, wobei eine relativ größere Verzerrung wegen einer Gegenresonanz entsteht. Im Vergleich dazu ist ein Frequenzgang der erfindungsgemäßen Membran der vorliegenden Erfindung in der 6 dargestellt. Aus der 6 ist ersichtlich, dass der Frequenzgang stufenweise linealglatt und verzerrungsarm ist. Er hat einen hohen Wirkungsgrad. Im Vergleich zu dem Frequenzgang der üblich gängigen Membran ist die Tonqualität in großem Maß verbessert worden. Außerdem ist das Frequenzband relativ breiter, etwa 20% breiter als zuvor. Übrigens kann die strukturelle Festigkeit an einer bestimmten Stelle der Membran, wo die Verzerrung zustande kommt, mit gezielter Absicht eingestellt werden, sodass eine linealglatte und verzerrungslose Tonqualität erzielt wird.
• 2. Die erfindungsgemäße Membran kann gut an die Anforderungen eines Audiogerätes angepasst werden und somit eine optimale Wirkung des Audiogerätes erreichen, weil ihr Frequenzgang nur eine Abweichung von +/– 2 dB zeigt. Und das Frequenzband eignet sich auch völlig zur Wiedergabe des gesamten Hörbereiches.

The embodiment of the present invention may still provide the following advantages:

• 1. The distorted parts of the sound quality can be reworked to achieve a stepwise constructed, ruler-smooth frequency response. In the 1 is a frequency response of a commonly used today membrane, with a relatively larger distortion due to a counter-resonance arises. In comparison, a frequency response of the membrane of the present invention in the 6 shown. From the 6 it can be seen that the frequency response is gradually linearly smooth and low in distortion. He has a high efficiency. Compared to the frequency response of the commonly used membrane, the sound quality has been greatly improved. In addition, the frequency band is relatively wider, about 20% wider than before. Incidentally, the structural strength at a particular location of the diaphragm where the distortion occurs can be intentionally adjusted to achieve a smooth, distortion-free sound quality.
• 2. The membrane of the invention can be well adapted to the requirements of an audio device and thus achieve an optimal effect of the audio device, because their frequency response shows only a deviation of +/- 2 dB. And the frequency band is also completely suitable for playing the entire listening area.

• 1. Hinsichtlich der Konstruktion eines Einzellautsprechers: Weil die vorliegende Erfindung einen höheren Wirkungsgrad hat, kann eine relativ niedrigere Stärke eines Magnetfeldes ausgewählt werden. Anstatt eines aufwendigen großen Magneten kann ein relativ kleinerer Magnet eingesetzt werden.
• 2. Hinsichtlich der Konstruktion der Musikboxen: Eine komplizierte Frequenzweiche ist nicht mehr nötig, was die Herstellungskosten der Hardwares dementsprechend erniedrigt.
• 3. Hinsichtlich der Konstruktion eines Tonverstärkers: Mit der Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades durch die vorliegende Erfindung kann ein Tonverstärker mit einer relativ niedrigeren Leistung konstruiert werden. Dies ermäßigt nicht nur die Herstellungskosten der Stromkreise, sondern auch den Energieverbrauch.

The present invention has contributed to the construction of an audio device in the following fields:

• 1. With regard to the construction of a single loudspeaker: Because the present invention has a higher efficiency, a relatively lower strength of a magnetic field can be selected. Instead of a complicated large magnet, a relatively smaller magnet can be used.
• 2. With regard to the construction of the jukeboxes: A complicated crossover is no longer necessary, which lowers the manufacturing costs of the hardware accordingly.
• 3. With regard to the construction of a sound amplifier: With the increase of the efficiency by the present invention, a sound amplifier having a relatively lower power can be constructed. This not only reduces the manufacturing costs of the circuits, but also the energy consumption.

Hereinafter, the compound of the membrane 2 with the voice coil 4 in the speaker 1 of the present invention explained in more detail. From the 7 it is apparent that the inner edge of the membrane 2 with the cap 3 is uniformly connected. According to the present invention is a connector 31 arranged at the connection point, wherein the connecting piece 31 from an inner ring 311 and an outer ring 312 consists. At the bottom is a connecting slot between the inner ring 311 and the outer ring 312 educated. The connector 31 is formed in cross section either ∧- or ∩-shaped. The connection slot 313 serves to accommodate the voice coil and is connected to its headboard. As the reciprocation of the membrane 2 completely on the drive of the voice coil 4 is dependent, plays an ideal connector between the voice coil 4 and the membrane 2 a very important role. In the present invention, the joint of the voice coil 4 in the connection slot 313 at the bottom of the membrane 2 used and connected from there to the membrane. This connection method provides a good drive and connection effect. In comparison to the commercial membranes, with the edge of the voice coil is connected, the connection method of the invention works much better.

The aforementioned compound can also be carried out as in the 8th is shown, wherein the connecting piece 41 at the head of a voice coil 4 is arranged. The connection slot 413 of the connector 41 may have either a V or a U-shaped cross-section. The connection slot 413 serves to receive and attach one to the bottom of the membrane 2 extended extension piece 32 ,

In the 9 is another embodiment of the speaker according to the invention 1 shown. Compared to the other embodiments, it differs mainly by the Connection points of the membrane 2 , Cap 3 and voice coil 4 and their connection method. The connection of the membrane 2 with the cap 3 takes place through the connecting part 33 while the membrane 2 by means of a connecting part 42 with the voice coil 4 connected is.

In summary The present invention relates to a membrane for sound engineering Playback of the entire listening area, where a single membrane already has the beautiful tweeter, midtone and Low tone of the entire listening area can play properly. The present invention can not only a lot of manufacturing costs of the peripherals decrease, but also increase the efficiency of the resonance. In comparison to the stand technology makes it a breakthrough in technical development and increased significantly the applicability and functionality of the speaker cone.

Even though the invention has been described with reference to the above examples, which currently considered as the most practical and preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, various modifications and the like Arrangements are covered, which are within the scope of the appended claims, which agree with the broadest interpretation to all such Modifications and similar To include arrangement.

1

speaker

2

membrane

3

cap

4

voice coil

5

anchor

6

magnet

7

washer

8th

spider

9

base

21

membrane zone with high strength

22

membrane zone with medium strength

23

membrane zone with low strength

31

joint

311

inner ring

312

outer ring

313

connecting slot

32

extended extension

33

connecting part

41

connecting part

42

connecting part

413

connecting slot

Claims (14)

Membrane for sound-technical reproduction of the entire listening area, in a loudspeaker ( 1 ) is installable and comprises: a voice coil ( 4 ); a cap ( 3 ); and a connector ( 31 . 41 ); thereby allowing the material of a membrane ( 2 ) has a very different SR value at different points, whereby the strength of the material is gradually reduced from one end to another end, ie, gradually from a higher strength to a lower strength, so that the membrane meets the requirements for reproduction of the entire hearing range can. Membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that that the material is a higher Firmness, over a higher one SR value has one while Lower strength material has lower SR value having. Membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that the membrane ( 2 ) is formed integrally, wherein three different membrane zones formed by the change in strength of the material used at the different locations of the membrane, and wherein a membrane zone ( 21 ) with a high strength, a membrane zone ( 22 ) with a medium strength and a membrane zone ( 23 ) with a low strength. Membrane according to claim 3, characterized in that the membrane zone ( 21 ) is made with a high strength mainly of a material whose SR number is SR28 °, and depending on the material actually used, the SR number can be increased or decreased so that the material meets the structural requirement of the membrane zone with a high Strength meets, and wherein the material is selected from a group consisting of hemp, flax, high-strength chemical fibers, nano-chemical fibers and other suitable materials. Membrane according to claim 3, characterized in that the membrane zone ( 22 ) having an average strength mainly of a material whose SR number is usually SR23 °, and depending on the material actually used, the SR number can be increased or decreased such that the material conforms to the structure of the medium strength membrane zone can be better adapted, and wherein the material is selected from a group consisting of sulphate acid pulp, kraft pulp, and the like. Ä. exists. A membrane according to claim 3, characterized in that the membrane zone with a low strength is usually made of a material with a low SR number of SR18 °, wherein the SR number may be increased or decreased depending on the material actually used to better conform to the structural configuration of the low-strength membrane zone, and wherein the material is selected from a group consisting of sheep's wool, cotton, elasticized chemical fiber, and the like; Ä. exists. Membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that the variation of the SR number and of the membrane ( 2 ) used material gradually and gradually decreased in order of the tone ranges. Membrane according to Claim 3, characterized in that the materials for producing the membrane zone ( 21 ), Membrane zone ( 22 ) and membrane zone ( 23 ) may also be any composite made in an appropriate ratio of materials such as animal and vegetable fibers, chemical and mineral fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, other ancillary chemical materials, or the combination of other suitable materials. Membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that that the setting range of the listening area the entire listening area and a multi-tone area. Membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that the membrane ( 2 ) at its inner edge in one piece with the cap ( 3 ), wherein at the junction a connector ( 31 ) is arranged, and wherein the connecting piece ( 31 ) from an inner ring ( 311 ) and an outer ring ( 312 ), and wherein the inner ring ( 311 ) and the outer ring ( 312 ) a connection slot ( 313 ) at the bottom of the membrane, and wherein the connection slot ( 313 ) for receiving and fixing the head part of the voice coil ( 4 ) serves. Membrane according to claim 10, characterized in that the connecting slot ( 313 ) is formed in cross-section ∧- or ∩-shaped. Membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting piece ( 41 ) at the head part of the voice coil ( 4 ), wherein the connection slot ( 413 ) of the connector ( 41 ) with the extension piece ( 32 ) located at the bottom of the membrane ( 2 ). Membrane according to claim 12, characterized in that the connection slot ( 413 ) is formed in cross-section V- or U-shaped. Membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that the membrane ( 2 ) with an upper connecting part ( 33 ) of the cap ( 3 ), wherein the membrane ( 2 ) and the voice coil ( 4 ) via a lower connecting part ( 42 ) are interconnected.