DE102006055439A1 - Homogeneous storage-stable dispersions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to homogeneous, storage-stable dispersions of sparingly soluble in water calcium salts and / or polymers with at least one surfactant.

Description

The The invention relates to homogeneous, storage-stable dispersions of in water slightly soluble Calcium salts and / or polymers with at least one surfactant.

phosphate salts of calcium have long been considered both as abrasive components also for promotion the remineralization of the enamel the formulations of dentifrices and dentifrices. This is especially true for hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite as well as for amorphous calcium phosphates and for Brushite (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate). Also calcium fluoride is as Part of dentifrices and as a component for consolidation of tooth enamel and caries prophylaxis described several times Service.

For this and many more applications, including use as bone replacement materials liquid Applicable formulations needed. Unfortunately, show the currently known formulations application technology Disadvantages, in particular lack of dispersibility of the solid constituents.

The same thing applies to Formulations based on hydroxylapatite and collagen composites. These imitating the composition of the natural bone Composites also suffer greatly from the lack of the difficult ones Dispersibility.

exemplary There is a significant disadvantage of the prior art known composite materials in that in many solvents, especially in water an unfavorable Dispersibility exists. This often leads to these composite materials in the for their commercial application required formulations bad are einarbeitbar or an unsatisfactory dispersion stability in the for Use have coming preparations.

For example It may be that an approximately 10 percent dispersion of an apatite gelatin composite, as Dispersing aids based on the total dispersion more than 10 Wt .-% on or contains polyhydric alcohols (such as glycerol or polyethylene glycols), depending on Storage conditions sedimented within a few days.

Incidentally, the hangs storage stability Such dispersions also from the provided raw materials from. For example, a comparable dispersion in which the same Raw materials - only from other batches - used were up within a few days to an increase in viscosity lead to a cut-resistant mass. It is very tedious until impossible the dependence of the raw materials used by suitable specifications for the Get raw materials under control.

• a) mindestens ein in Wasser schwerlösliches Calciumsalz und/oder
• b) mindestens eine Polymerkomponente, vorzugsweise aus der Gruppe der – Polyelektrolyte, und/oder – Polysaccharide, und/oder – Proteinkomponenten
• c) mehr als 10 Gew.-% von mindestens einem Tensid., und wobei es ganz besonders bevorzugt ist, dass in der erfindungsgemäßen Dispersion der gewichtsprozentuale Anteil der i) Gesamtmenge aus dem genannten Tensid c) bezogen auf die j) Gesamtmenge der unter a) und b) genannten Komponenten

mehr als 60% ausmacht und insbesondere das Verhältnis der genannten Gesamtmengen gemäß i) zu j) bei 0,8:1 bis 5:1, vorzugsweise bei 1:1 bis 4:1 und ganz besonders bevorzugt bei 1:1 bis 3:1 liegt.It has now been found that it is possible to overcome the abovementioned disadvantages of the prior art by means of certain dispersions. Accordingly, the subject of the invention is a homogeneous, storage-stable dispersion containing

• a) at least one sparingly soluble in water calcium salt and / or
• b) at least one polymer component, preferably from the group of - polyelectrolytes, and / or - polysaccharides, and / or - protein components
• c) more than 10 wt .-% of at least one surfactant, and wherein it is very particularly preferred that in the dispersion of the invention, the weight percentage of i) total amount of said surfactant c) based on the j) total amount of a ) and b) components

more than 60% and in particular the ratio of said total amounts according to i) to j) at 0.8: 1 to 5: 1, preferably at 1: 1 to 4: 1 and most preferably at 1: 1 to 3: 1 lies.

Storage stability in the context of the present invention is intended to mean that the rheological properties of the dispersion over a storage period of 4, preferably 6 and especially 8 weeks under different climatic conditions (at constant storage temperatures of -10 ° C to + 40 ° C or at Alternating climate: each for 12 h 40 ° C, 32.5 ° C, 25 ° C, 32.5 ° C, 40 ° C, 32.5 ° C, etc.) does not change significantly. Furthermore, the solid should not sediment visible. In particular, the final viscosity of the resulting dis persions after a storage period of 4 weeks, preferably of 6 and in particular of 8 weeks in the mentioned climatic conditions measured at shear rates of 30 s ^-1 and at 20 ° C at a value of one twentieth to 20 times and preferably one tenth to tenfold, in particular one-fifth to five-fold and especially one-fourth to four times the initial viscosity value (at the beginning of the storage period).

As sparingly soluble in water calcium salt should be understood as those salts which are soluble in water at 20 ° C to less than 0.1 wt .-% (1 g / l). Such suitable salts are, for example, calcium hydroxyphosphate (Ca ₅ [OH (PO ₄ ) ₃ ]) or hydroxylapatite, calcium fluorophosphate (Ca ₅ [F (PO ₄ ) ₃ ]) or fluoroapatite, fluorine-doped hydroxylapatite having the composition Ca ₅ (PO ₄ ) ₃ (OH, F) and calcium fluoride (CaF ₂ ) or fluorite or fluorspar and other calcium phosphates such as di-, tri- or tetracalcium phosphate (Ca ₂ P ₂ O ₇ , Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ , Ca ₄ P ₂ O ₉ , oxyapatite (Ca _{1 0} (PO _{4) 6} O), or non-stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (Ca _{5-½ (x + y)} (PO _{4) 3-x} (HPO4) _x (OH) _1-y). also suitable are carbonate, calcium phosphates ( eg Ca _{5-½ (x + y + z)} (PO ₄ ) _3-xz (HPO ₄ ) _x (CO ₃ ) _z (OH) _1-y ), calcium hydrogen phosphate (eg CaH (PO ₄ ) 2H ₂ O. and octacalcium phosphate (eg Ca ₈ H ₂ (PO ₄ ) ₆ .5H ₂ O.) As the calcium salt, it is particularly preferable to use one or more salts in a mixture selected from the group of phosphates, fluorides and fluorophosphates which optionally have additional hydroxyl groups. and / or contain carbonate groups, to ve stand up. Particularly preferred are hydroxyapatite and fluoroapatite.

• – Alginsäuren
• – Pektinen
• – Carrageenan
• – Polygalakturonsäuren
• – Amino- und Aminosäurederivaten von Alginsäuren, Pektinen, Carrageenan und Polygalakturonsäuren
• – Polyaminosäuren, wie z. B. Polyasparaginsäuren
• – Polyaspartamiden
• – Nucleinsäuren, wie z. B. DNA und RNA
• – Ligninsulfonaten
• – Carboxymethylcellulosen
• – Amino- und/oder Carboxylgruppen-haltigen Cyclodextrin-, Cellulose- oder Dextran-Derivaten
• – Polyacrylsäuren
• – Polymethacrylsäuren
• – Polymaleinaten
• – Polyvinylsulfonsäuren
• – Polyvinylphosphonsäuren
• – Polyethyleniminen
• – Polyvinylaminen sowie Derivate der vorstehend genannten Stoffe, insbesondere Amino- und/oder Carboxyl-Derivaten. Ganz besonders bevorzugt werden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung Polyelektrolyte eingesetzt, die zur Salzbildung mit zweiwertigen Kationen geeignete Gruppen tragen. Insbesondere eignen sich Carboxylat-Gruppen tragende Polymere.

As stated in the foregoing, a preferred embodiment of the invention is that polyelectrolytes are used as the said polymer component. Suitable polyelectrolytes for the purposes of the present invention are polyacids and polybases, it being possible for the polyelectrolytes to be biopolymers or else synthetic polymers. For example, the compositions according to the invention preferably contain one or more polyelectrolytes selected from

• - Alginic acids
• - pectins
• - carrageenan
• - Polygalacturonic acids
• Amino and amino acid derivatives of alginic acids, pectins, carrageenan and polygalacturonic acids
• - Polyamino acids, such as. B. polyaspartic acids
• - polyaspartamides
• - Nucleic acids, such as. B. DNA and RNA
• - lignosulfonates
• - carboxymethylcelluloses
• - Amino- and / or carboxyl-containing cyclodextrin, cellulose or dextran derivatives
• - polyacrylic acids
• - polymethacrylic acids
• - polymaleinates
• - Polyvinylsulfonic acids
• - Polyvinylphosphonic
• - Polyethyleneimines
• - Polyvinylamines and derivatives of the aforementioned substances, in particular amino and / or carboxyl derivatives. In the context of the present invention, very particular preference is given to using polyelectrolytes which carry suitable groups for salt formation with divalent cations. In particular, polymers bearing carboxylate groups are suitable.

in the Preferred polyelectrolytes according to the invention are polyaspartic acids, alginic acids, pectins, deoxyribonucleic acids, ribonucleic acids, polyacrylic acids and Polymethacrylic.

All particularly preferred are polyaspartic acids having a molecular weight in the range between about 500 and 10,000 daltons, in particular 1000 up to 5000 daltons.

Another preferred embodiment of the invention is that polysaccharides are selected as the polymer component. In particular, these polysaccharides are selected from glucuronic acid and / or iduronic acid-containing polysaccharides. These are to be understood as meaning those polysaccharides which are composed inter alia of glucuronic acid, preferably D-glucuronic acid, and / or iduronic acid, in particular L-iduronic acid. A constituent of the carbohydrate skeleton is formed by glucuronic acid or iduronic acid. The iduronic acid isomeric to glucuronic acid has the other configuration at the C5 carbon atom of the ring. Glucuronic acid and / or iduronic acid-containing polysaccharides are preferably to be understood as meaning those polysaccharides which contain glucuronic acid and / or iduronic acid in a molar ratio of from 1:10 to 10: 1, in particular from 1: 5 to 5: 1, particularly preferably 1: 3 to 2: 1, based on the sum of the other monosaccharide building blocks of the polysaccharide. Examples of suitable polysaccharides are the glucuronic acid and / or iduronic acid-containing glycosaminoglycans (also referred to as mucopolysaccharides), microbially produced xanthan gum or welan or gum arabic, which is obtained from acacia.

In a likewise preferred embodiment the polymer component is selected from a protein component, preferably from proteins, protein hydrolysates and their derivatives. As proteins come within the scope of the present Invention in principle all proteins independent of their origin or production. Examples for proteins of animal origin are kerstin, elastin, collagen, fibroin, albumin, Casein, whey protein, placental protein. According to the invention preferred out of these are collagen, kerstin, casein, whey protein, proteins of vegetable origin such as wheat and wheat germ protein, Rice protein, soy protein, oat protein, pea protein, potato protein, Almond protein and yeast protein can according to the invention also be preferred.

Within the scope of the present invention, protein hydrolysates are degradation products of proteins such as, for example, collagen, elastin, casein, kerstin, almond, potato, wheat, rice and soy protein, which are formed by acidic, alkaline and / or enzymatic hydrolysis of the proteins themselves or their degradation products such as gelatin. For the enzymatic degradation all hydrolytic enzymes are suitable, such as. B. alkaline proteases. Further suitable enzymes and enzymatic hydrolysis processes are described, for example, in US Pat K. Drauz and H. Waldmann, Enzymes Catalysis in Organic Synthesis, VCH-Verlag, Weinheim 1975 , In the degradation of the proteins are cleaved into smaller subunits, the degradation can go through the stages of the polypeptides on the oligopeptides to the individual amino acids. Among the less degraded protein hydrolysates is, for example, the preferred within the context of the present invention gelatin, which may have molecular weights in the range of 15000 to 250000 D. Gelatin is a polypeptide obtained primarily by hydrolysis of collagen under acidic (gelatin type A) or alkaline (gelatin type B) conditions. The gel strength of the gelatin is proportional to its molecular weight, that is, a more hydrolyzed gelatin gives a lower viscosity solution. The gel strength of the gelatin is given in Bloom numbers. In the enzymatic cleavage of the gelatin, the polymer size is greatly reduced, resulting in very low Bloom numbers.

Furthermore, in the context of the present invention, preference is given to protein hydrolyzates which are customary in cosmetics and have an average molecular weight in the range from 600 to 4000, particularly preferably from 2000 to 3500. Overviews of the preparation and use of protein hydrolysates are, for example, from G. Schuster and A. Domsch in soaps oils Fette Wachse 108, (1982) 177 respectively. Cosm. 99, (1984) 63, by HW Steisslinger in Parf.Kosm. 72, (1991) 556 and F. Aurich et al. in Tens.Surf.Det. 29, (1992) 389 published. Preferably, protein hydrolysates of collagen, kerstin, casein and vegetable proteins are used according to the invention, for example those based on wheat gluten or rice protein, their preparation in the two German patents DE 19502167 C1 and DE 19502168 C1 (Henkel) is described.

Under Protein hydrolyzate derivatives are within the scope of the present invention chemically and / or chemoenzymatically modified protein hydrolysates to understand such as those under the INCI names Sodium Cocoyl Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein, Lauridimonium Hydroxypropyl Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein, Potassium Cocoyl Hydrolyzed Collagen, Potassium Undecylenoyl Hydrolyzed Collagen and Laurdimonium Hydroxypropyl Hydrolyzed collagen known compounds. Preferably according to the invention derivatives from protein hydrolysates of collagen, Kerstins and casein as well vegetable protein hydrolysates used such. B. Sodium Cocoyl Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein or Laurdimonium Hydroxypropyl Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein.

Further examples of protein hydrolysates and protein hydrolyzate derivatives which fall within the scope of the present invention are described in CTFA 1997 International Buyers Guide, John A. Wenninger et al. (Ed.), The Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association, Washington DC 1997, 686-688 ,

The Protein component may be in any of the dispersions of the invention by one or more substances selected from the group of proteins, Protein hydrolysates and protein hydrolyzate derivatives are formed.

Preferred protein components are all structure-forming proteins, protein hydrolyzates and protein hydrolyzate derivatives, which are understood as meaning those protein components which, due to their chemical constitution, form specific three-dimensional spatial structures which are known to the person skilled in the art from US Pat Protein chemistry under the terms secondary, tertiary or quaternary structure are common.

According to one particularly preferred embodiment the dispersion of the invention the protein component is selected from collagen, gelatin, casein and their hydrolysates Gelatin, more preferably gelatin of type A, B or AB, wherein especially gelatin of the type acid bone (type AB) used which are also known by the name "acid-bone" or "acid process ossein" gelatin and are made from ossein by highly acidic process conditions become.

ossein, as a collagen-containing starting material for the production of gelatin of type AB "acid bone "or" acid process ossein "is made as an extract of minced bones, especially bovine bone, possibly after degreasing and drying for one or more days (preferred at least one week and more) in aqueous solution, preferably cold acid diluted Acid (e.g. Hydrochloric acid), be incorporated to the inorganic bone components, in particular Hydroxyapatite and calcium carbonate. It results a sponge-like demineralized bone material, the Ossein.

The Collagen in the ossein is broken down by a digestion process denatured and released by placing the material under strongly acidic conditions Conditions is treated.

The Production of gelatin from the raw materials mentioned finds by multiple extraction with aqueous solutions instead of. Preferably, before the extraction process, the pH of the solution be set. Especially preferred are several extraction steps with water or aqueous solutions with increasing solvent temperature.

A preferred embodiment The present invention is also a composite of those in the previous versions described in water sparingly soluble Calcium salt together with the at least one polymer component mentioned.

Under Composite materials are preferably understood by the present invention Composite materials comprising the present invention contained in the previous versions described sparingly soluble in water Calcium salt together with the invention at least one mentioned Polymer component. Preferably, the composite materials according to the invention provide microscopically heterogeneous, but macroscopically appearing homogeneous Aggregates in which the primary particles of calcium salts to the scaffolding the named according to Polymer component associated.

It is known that availability of calcium compounds and / or composites containing them for the in desired applications neo- and / or remineralization quite decisively on the particle size of these sparingly soluble in water and in the dentifrices dispersed components. you has therefore proposed in the prior art, these sparingly soluble Calcium salts and / or composites containing them in the finest distribution use.

As a general rule Accordingly, it is preferred in the dispersion of the invention that said sparingly soluble in water Calcium salt and / or said composite in the form of individual Crystallites or in the form of particles comprising a plurality said crystallites, having a mean particle diameter in the Range of less than 1000 nm, preferably below 300 nm, wherein it is particularly preferred that the particles are rod-shaped and / or platelet-shaped, in particular are predominantly platelet-shaped. Predominantly platelet-shaped, that at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, is particularly preferred at least 80% of the particles are in the form of platelets. Especially Preferably, the particles have a substantially plate-like Shape up.

When Particle diameter is here the diameter of the particles in the direction their greatest length extension be understood. Below the average particle diameter is an over the Total composite value to understand average value.

there that is, it is preferable if a single crystallite a thickness in the range of 2 to 50 nm and a length in the range of 10 to 150 nm, in particular a thickness of 2 to 15 nm and a length of 10 to 50 nm; most preferably a thickness of 3 to 11 nm and a length from 15 to 25 nm.

The determination of the particle diameter of the crystallites can be determined by the methods familiar to the person skilled in the art, in particular by the evaluation of those observed during the X-ray diffraction Broadening of the reflexes. Preferably, the evaluation by Fit method, for example, the Rietveld method.

The Determination of the particle diameter of the particles can by the Specialist familiar Methods are determined, in particular by the evaluation of imaging methods, in particular transmission electron microscopy.

Provided in the dispersion of the invention platelet-shaped particles it is further preferred that these have a length of 10 to 150 nm and a width of 5 to 150 nm and a height (thickness) of 2 to 50 nm. Under height (Thickness) here is the smallest diameter of the particles based on to understand the three mutually perpendicular spatial directions, under length her biggest diameter. The Width of the particles is therefore the other perpendicular to the length Diameter equal to or smaller than the length dimension of the particle, but bigger or at least equal to its height dimension is. The platelet-shaped particles lie as more or less irregularly shaped particles, partially as rather round particles, partly rather angular particles with rounded ones Edges in front. This is especially noticeable in pictures, which are recorded by means of transmission electron microscopy can. The platelet-shaped particles are common in such samples also overlapping several times in front. Overlapping particles are usually imaged at the points of overlap with greater blackening as non-overlapping Particle. The specified lengths, Widths and heights are preferably not overlapping per se Particles of the sample determined (measured).

The height of platelet-shaped particles can be preferred from such recordings by determining the dimensions the one with its largest surface vertical to the image plane standing particles are obtained. The vertical particles standing to the image plane are characterized by a particularly high contrast (high density) and appear more like a rod. These platelet-shaped particles which are perpendicular to the image plane can be referred to as indeed be identified standing perpendicular to the image plane, when at a tilting of the image plane a broadening of the dimension (at least in a spatial direction) and show a decrease in the density of the image.

to Determination of height it is particularly suitable for the particle, the image plane of the sample several times in different positions to tilt and the dimensions the particle in the setting to determine by the highest contrast / highest darkness and the smallest extent of the particles is characterized. The shortest extent then corresponds to the height the particle.

According to one preferred embodiment is the average length the particle preferably 30 to 100 nm.

Basically in the presence of particles in the dispersion according to the invention, preference is given to these Particles a ratio of length to width of 1 to 4, more preferably from 1 to 3, most preferably from 1 to 2.

It is also a preferred embodiment of the dispersion according to the invention, if in the presence of particles, these particles have at least one side with an area of 0.1 × 10 ^-15 m ² to 90 × 10 ^-15 m ² , preferably 0.5 × 10 ^-15 m ² to 50 × 10 ^-15 m ^2, more preferably 1.0 × 10 ^-15 m ² to 30 × 10 ^-15 m ^2, very particularly preferably 1.5 × 10 ^-15 m ² to 15 × 10 ^{- 15} m ² have.

When area the particle becomes the surface the plane, spanned by the length and the vertical Width, according to the usual determined by geometric calculation methods.

there it is also preferable for the purposes of the present invention if, in the presence of crystallites and / or particles, the crystallites and / or particles of said calcium salts of one or more Surface modifiers wrapped are.

In another preferred embodiment The present invention provides said water sparingly soluble calcium salt and the said polymer component in the form of a composite, wherein the polymer component is a protein component, their proportion in the composite material between 0.1 and 80 wt .-%, preferably between 10 and 60, in particular between 30 and 50 wt .-% based on the total weight of the composite material.

Depending on the embodiment contained in the dispersion according to the invention schwerwasserlösli Calcium salts and / or composite materials comprising these can be prepared by precipitation reactions from aqueous solutions of water-soluble calcium salts and aqueous solutions of water-soluble phosphate and / or fluoride salts, the precipitation being carried out in the presence of polymer components in the case of the composite materials.

Especially suitable for the preparation of a dispersion in the invention preferably contained calcium salt and / or composite material, which predominantly platelet-shaped particles contains is the precipitation of the water-soluble Calcium salt or the corresponding composite material at a pH between 5 and 9, preferably between 6 and 8, particularly preferred at 7.

Prefers is used to form the preferred in the inventive dispersion Composite material a solution a water-soluble Submitted calcium salt with the polymer component and a phosphate solution slowly added, the pH between 5 and 9, preferably between 6 and 8, more preferably around 7 lies. In particularly preferred The pH of the addition of the phosphate solution is through Addition of appropriate amounts of aqueous Base kept constant.

It is also preferred that the dispersion of the invention at 20 ° C using a rotary rheometer (TA Instruments AR 1000) at shear rates of 30 sec ^-1, a viscosity between 100 mPa · s and 30,000 mPa · s, preferably between 200 mPa · s and 10000 mPa · s and in particular between 250 mPa · s and 5000 mPa · s. Especially preferred is an embodiment in which the corresponding viscosity values are in the range between 300 and 1700 mPa · s.

Incidentally, is it is preferred that the dispersion of the invention at 20 ° C in the custom Pumps used in production plants is well pumpable. The is for example handling in production, as well as for bottling and the transport to the users and of course for the simple Further processing of advantage.

It is also a preferred embodiment of the dispersion according to the invention, if the viscosity of said dispersion after storage over a period of 4, preferably 6 and in particular 8 weeks at a constant storage temperature between 0 ° C and 40 ° C between 100 mPa S and 30,000 mPa.s, preferably between 200 mPa.s and 10,000 mPa.s and in particular between 250 mPa.s and 5,000 mPa.s, the measurement being carried out at 20 ° C. using a rotary rheometer (TA Instruments AR 1000) at shear rates of 30 sec ^{-1 was} performed.

It Furthermore, a dispersion is preferred in which one according to a preferred embodiment is present composite, said at least one Polymer component, in the composite material between 0.5 and 70 wt .-%, preferably between 8 and 60 wt .-% based on the total weight of the composite material.

It is also a preferred embodiment of the dispersion of the invention before, when the liquid phase the dispersion is an organic solvent, preferably from the group of hydroxy-group, in particular polyhydroxy-containing groups solvent and / or their derivatives, wherein it is most preferred that said organic solvent selected is from the group of monohydric or polyhydric alcohols with preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or derivatives thereof and in particular is selected from ethanol, 1,2-propanediol, Glycerol, hexanediol and mixtures thereof.

So far it is the preferred organic solvents mentioned is organic ether, it is preferred that in the dispersion of the invention preferably contained organic solvent is selected from diisopropyl monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, Butyl diglycol.

It is further preferred that the surfactant contained in the dispersion according to the invention is selected from the groups of anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric, zwitterionic surfactants (amphoteric / betaines), the alkylamine oxides, the silicone compounds and the phosphoric acid esters and their salts. Suitable selected surfactants from the group of nonionic surfactants are, for example, the following groups:
Addition products of 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide and / or 0 to 5 moles of propylene oxide to linear fatty alcohols having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, to fatty acids having 12 to 22 carbon atoms and alkylphenols having 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group;
C _12/18 fatty acid _mono- and diesters of addition products of 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide with glycerol;
Glycerol mono- and diesters and sorbitan mono- and diesters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms and their ethylene oxide addition products;
Addition products of 15 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hydrogenated castor oil;
Polyol and in particular polyglycerol esters, such as polyglycerol polyricinoleate, polyglycerol poly-12-hydroxystearate or polyglycerol dimerate. Also suitable are mixtures of compounds of several of these classes of substances;
Addition products of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hydrogenated castor oil;
Partial esters based on linear, branched, unsaturated or saturated C _6/22 fatty acids, ricinoleic acid and 12-hydroxystearic acid and glycerol, polyglycerol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sugar alcohols (eg sorbitol), alkyl glucosides (eg methyl glucoside, butyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside) and polyglucosides ( eg cellulose);
Mono-, di- and trialkyl phosphates and mono-, di- and / or tri-PEG-alkyl phosphates and their salts;
Lanolin alcohol;
Polysiloxane-polyalkyl-polyether copolymers or corresponding derivatives;
Mixed esters of pentaerythritol, fatty acids, citric acid and fatty alcohol according to DE-PS 1165574 and / or mixed esters of fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, methyl glucose and polyols, preferably glycerol or polyglycerol and polyalkylene glycols.

The Addition products of ethylene oxide and / or of propylene oxide Fatty alcohols, fatty acids, Alkylphenols, glycerol mono- and diesters and sorbitan mono- and diesters of fatty acids or on castor oil known, commercially available Products. These are mixtures of homologues whose middle Alkoxylation degree the ratio the molar amounts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and substrate, with which the addition reaction is carried out corresponds.

typical examples for anionic surfactants are soaps, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, Olefinsulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, glycerol ether sulfonates, α-methyl ester sulfonates, sulfofatty, Alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates such as fatty alcohol ether sulfates, Glycerol ether sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfates, monoglyceride (ether) sulfates, sulfate fatty acid amide (ether), Mono- and dialkyl sulfosuccinates, mono- and dialkyl sulfo-succinamates, Sulfotriglycerides, amide soaps, ether carboxylic acids and their salts, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, taurides, N-acyl amino acids such as acylglutamates and acylaspartates, alkyl oligoglucoside sulphates, Protein fatty acid condensates (especially wheat-based vegetable products), and alkyl (ether) phosphates. If the anionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, can this a conventional, but preferably a narrow homolog distribution exhibit.

Furthermore, zwitterionic surfactants / ampholytes / betaines can be used. Zwitterionic surfactants are those surface-active compounds which carry at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one carboxylate and optionally one sulfonate group in the molecule. Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactants are the so-called betaines, such as N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinates, for example cocoalkyldimethylammonium glycinate, N-acylamino-propyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinates, for example cocoacylaminopropyldimethylammonium glycinate, and 2-alkyl-3 carboxymethyl-3-hydroxyethyl-imidazolines each having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group, and the cocoacylaminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethylglycinate. Particularly preferred is the fatty acid amide derivative known under the CTFA name Cocamidopropyl Betaine. Also suitable are ampholytic surfactants. Ampholytic surfactants are understood as meaning those surface-active compounds which, apart from a C _8/18 -alkyl or -acyl group in the molecule, contain at least one free amino group and at least one -COOH or -SO ₃ H group and are capable of forming internal salts. Examples of suitable ampholytic surfactants are N-alkylglycines, N-alkylpropionic acids, N-alkylaminobutyric acids, N-alkyliminodipropionic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycines, N-alkyltaurines, N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids and alkylaminoacetic acids each having about 8 to 18 C atoms in the alkyl group.

Particularly preferred ampholytic surfactants are N-cocoalkylaminopropionate, cocoacylaminoethylaminopropionate and C _12/18 acylsarcosine. In addition to the ampholytic tenides, quaternary surfactants are to be considered, preferably methyl-quaternized difatty acid triethanolamine ester salts.

• a) Alkylsulfate mit einer gesättigten oder ungesättigten, verzweigten oder linearen Alkylgruppe mit 8 bis 22 C-Atomen, vorzugsweise mit 10 bis 16 C-Atomen, wobei das Alkylsulfat besonders bevorzugt Natriumlaurylsulfat ist,
• b) Alkylglucoside mit einer gesättigten oder ungesättigten, verzweigten oder linearen Alkylgruppe mit 8 bis 22 C-Atomen, vorzugsweise mit 10 bis 16 C-Atomen und deren ethoxy lierte Analoga, wobei besonders bevorzugt als Alkylglucosid Laurylglucosid enthalten ist, das in einer ganz besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform einen zusätzlichen antimikrobiellen Schutz für die erfindungsgemäße Dispersion liefert,
• c) Fettsäure-ethanolamide mit einer gesättigten oder ungesättigten, verzweigten oder linearen Alkylgruppe mit 8 bis 22 C-Atomen, vorzugsweise mit 10 bis 16 C-Atomen, wobei das Fettsäure-ethanolamid besonders bevorzugt Lauryl-ethanolamid ist,
• d) Betaine und
• e) Ethersulfate.

In principle, it is preferred that said surfactant is selected from the groups of

• a) alkyl sulfates having a saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear alkyl group having 8 to 22 C atoms, preferably having 10 to 16 C atoms, the alkyl sulfate being particularly preferably sodium lauryl sulfate,
• b) alkylglucosides having a saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably having 10 to 16 carbon atoms and their ethoxylated analogues, wherein particularly preferably as alkylglucoside lauryl glucoside is contained, which in a very particularly preferred exporting provides additional antimicrobial protection for the dispersion according to the invention,
• c) fatty acid ethanolamides having a saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear alkyl group having 8 to 22 C atoms, preferably having 10 to 16 C atoms, the fatty acid ethanolamide being particularly preferably lauryl ethanolamide,
• d) betaines and
• e) ether sulfates.

A Another variant of the dispersion according to the invention contains as additional Components one or more antimicrobial components, preferably selected from the groups of alcohols, aldehydes, antimicrobial acids, carboxylic esters, acid amides, Phenols, phenol derivatives, diphenyls, diphenylalkanes, urea derivatives, Oxygen, nitrogen acetals and formals, benzamidines, isothiazolines, phthalimide derivatives, Pyridine derivatives, antimicrobial surface active compounds, guanidines, antimicrobial amphoteric compounds, quinolines, 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane, Iodo-2-propynyl-butyl-carbamate, iodine, iodophores, peroxides, parabens, in particular the p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters, preferably selected from the methyl, ethyl and propyl esters, with methyl and ethyl esters are particularly preferred.

It is further preferred that the dispersion according to the invention both in a preferred embodiment solvents to be used according to the present invention, in particular glycerol, as, also in a preferred embodiment of the present invention Invention to be used antimicrobial component, preferably at least one p-hydroxybenzoic acid ester, particularly preferably selected from the methyl, ethyl and propyl esters, in particular from methyl and ethyl ester, it being also preferred that the dispersion be at least another antimicrobial component with fungistatic and / or contains fungicidal activity.

In the aforementioned preferred embodiment of the dispersion according to the invention it is beneficial if the weight percentage ratio of in a preferred embodiment The amount of solvent to be used in the present invention, in particular Glycerol, to the amount of the present invention contained in the dispersion Surfactant 5: 1 to 1: 100, preferably from 4: 1 to 1:10, in particular from 3: 1 to 1: 3.

These Formulations have shown advantages in terms of performance the combinations, in particular in connection with a synergistic Increase in antimicrobial performance, especially clear in bacteria.

In In this context is another subject of the present Invention directed to an antimicrobial combination or a An antimicrobial system comprising one according to a preferred embodiment solvent to be used in the present invention, especially glycerin and a present invention Surfactant, in particular sodium lauryl sulfate, wherein the weight percent ratio of solvent to the surfactant 5: 1 to 1: 100, more preferably from 4: 1 to 1:10, and in particular from 3: 1 to 1: 3, and an antimicrobial Component, most preferably the solvent at least glycerol and the surfactant is at least sodium lauryl sulfate. In a very special preferred embodiment are as solvents at least glycerol and as a surfactant at least sodium lauryl sulfate and as antimicrobial component at least one p-hydroxybenzoic acid ester selected from the methyl, ethyl and propyl esters, with methyl and ethyl esters being especially are preferred. The weight percent ratio of glycerol to sodium lauryl sulfate in this combination is preferably 4: 1 to 1: 100, more preferably 4: 1 to 1:10, and in particular from 3: 1 to 1: 3, with very particular preference a ratio of 2: 1 to 1: 1.

Also The present invention is a dispersion which is available by bringing together a calcium salt according to the invention, preferably present as glycerinic dispersion, and / or a contained according to the invention Polymer component with one or more components selected from the invention contained Surfactants.

there is it for the invention available Dispersion preferred that said, preferably glycerol Dispersion before while or after matching with said one or more Component heated is at 30 to 80 ° C, preferably at 35 to 65 ° C, especially at 40 to 60 ° C, completely especially to a maximum of 50 ° C.

Another object of the present invention is a process for preparing a dispersion according to the invention wherein a, preferably glycerinic dispersion of the sparingly water-soluble According to the invention contained calcium salt and / or the inventively mentioned polymer component with one or more components selected from the present invention as surfactants.

there it is preferred in the context of the method according to the invention that said, preferably glycerin dispersion before, during or after contacting with said one or more components heated is at 30 to 80 ° C, preferably at 35 to 65 ° C, especially at 40 to 60 ° C, especially to a maximum of 50 ° C.

Besides, they are Object of the present invention Compositions containing a Combination of a dispersion according to the invention Contain with other active ingredients and ingredients or by a Combination of a dispersion according to the invention are available with other active ingredients and ingredients.

One Another object of the present invention is the use a dispersion according to the invention or a composition of the invention for cleaning and / or care of the teeth, in particular a neo- and / or remineralizing effect.

It For the purposes of the present invention, it is preferred that in the present invention Dispersions the agglomeration largely suppressed and particularly preferably the monodispersity of the dispersion is increased. The dispersion according to the invention particularly preferably exhibits a high proportion on single crystals. Very particularly advantageous in the sense of the present Invention is that on the substrates, such as the tooth a swift, equal or regular growth results.

It are also the subject of the present invention oral and dental hygiene and cleaning agents, preferably toothpastes containing a dispersion according to the invention or a composition of the invention.

The Compositions for cleaning and / or care of the teeth can thereby for example in the form of pastes, liquid creams, gels or mouthwashes. Even in liquid Preparations are distributed dispersions or compositions of the invention light, remain stable dispersed and not prone to sedimentation.

Of the Content of the dispersions of the invention or compositions in the oral and dental care compositions of the invention is 0.01 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.01 to 5 wt .-%, most preferably less than 3 wt .-% and in particular less than 2 wt .-% based on the total weight of the agent.

The mouthpiece according to and dentifrices furthermore from 0.1 to 9% by weight, in particular from 2 to 8% by weight, at least a cleaning agent included.

cleaning supplies belong to the essential ingredients of a toothpaste and are ever according to their intended function alone or in combination with other cleaning objects or polishes. They serve for the mechanical removal of the uncalcified plaque and should ideally for gloss the tooth surface (Polishing effect) with minimal scrubbing effect (abrasion effect) and damage of enamel and dentin. The abrasion behavior the polishing agent and cleaning body is mainly due to their hardness, grain size distribution and surface structure certainly. When selecting suitable cleaning bodies are therefore in particular those are preferably selected with a high cleaning performance over a minimum abrasion effect feature.

nowadays be as a cleaning body mainly used substances that have small particle sizes, largely free of sharp corners and edges are and their hardness and mechanical properties the tooth or the tooth substance is not stressed too much.

Usually be as a cleaning body or polishes water-insoluble inorganic substances used. Particularly advantageous is the use very finely divided polish with a mean particle size of 1 up to 200 μm, preferably 1 to 50 microns and in particular 1 to 10 microns.

in principle can the polishing agent according to the invention selected be made of silicas, Aluminum hydroxide, alumina, silicates, organic polymers or mixtures thereof. Furthermore, however, so-called metaphosphates, Alkaline earth metal carbonates or bicarbonates and calcium-containing polishing components in the inventive compositions be included.

It may be preferred according to the invention be silicas as a polishing agent in toothpastes or liquid dentifrices use. Among the silica polishing agents, a distinction is generally made between gel silicic acids, hydrogel silicic acids and Precipitated silicas. precipitation and gel silicas are particular to the invention preferred because they can be varied widely in their preparation and Particularly well with fluoride drugs are compatible. They are own also very good for the production of gel or liquid toothpastes.

Gel silicas are produced by the reaction of sodium silicate solutions with strong, aqueous mineral acids to form a hydrosol, aging to the hydrogel, washing and subsequent drying. If the drying takes place under mild conditions to water contents of 15 to 35 wt .-%, so-called hydrogel silicas are obtained, as for example, in the US 4,153,680 are described. Drying of these hydrogel silicic acids to water contents below 15% by weight results in an irreversible shrinkage of the previously loose structure to the dense structure of the so-called xerogel. Such Xerogelkiesseläuren are for example from US 3,538,230 known.

A second, preferably suitable group of silica polishing agents are the precipitated silicas. These are obtained by precipitation of silica from dilute alkali silicate solutions by addition of strong acids under conditions where aggregation to the sol and gel can not occur. Suitable processes for the preparation of precipitated silicas are described, for example, in US Pat DE-OS 25 22 586 and in the DE-OS 31 14 493 described. According to the invention is particularly suitable according to the DE-OS 31 14 493 prepared precipitated silica having a BET surface area of 15 to 110 m ² / g, a particle size of 0.5 to 20 microns, wherein at least 80 wt .-% of the primary particles should be less than 5 microns, and a viscosity in 30% glycerol Water (1: 1) dispersion of 30 to 60 Pa s (20 ° C) in an amount of 10 to 20 wt .-% of the toothpaste. Particularly suitable precipitated silicas of this type have rounded corners and edges and are commercially available for example under the trade name of Sident 12 DS ^® from Degussa.

Other precipitated silicas of this type are ident ^® 8 Degussa and Sorbosil® ^® AC 39 from Crosfield Chemicals. These silicas are characterized by a lower thickening effect and a slightly higher average particle size of 8 to 14 microns at a specific surface area of 40 to 75 m ² / g (according to BET) and are particularly well suited for liquid toothpastes. These should have a viscosity (25 ° C, shear rate D = 10 s ^-1 ) of 10 to 100 Pa s.

Furthermore, the silicas of the type Zeodent ^® Huber-Corp., Tixosil ^® can Rhodia and other Sorbosil® types are used in the agents. Particular preference is Zeodent ^® 113 Tixosil ^® 123 and Sorbosil® ^® AC39.

On the other hand, toothpastes which have a significantly higher viscosity of more than 100 Pa s (25 ° C., D = 10 s ^-1 ) require a sufficiently high proportion of silicas having a particle size of less than 5 μm, preferably at least 3% by weight. % of a silica with a particle size of 1 to 3 microns. Such toothpastes are therefore preferably added in addition to the mentioned precipitated silicas to finely divided, so-called thickening silicas having a BET surface area of 150 to 250 m ² / g. Examples of commercial products that meet the above conditions, are to be mentioned in particular Sipernat ^® 22 LS or Sipernat ^® 320 DS by Degussa.

When Alumina polishing agent is preferably a weakly calcined Alumina containing α- and γ-alumina in an amount of about 0.01 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 2 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the agent.

Suitable weakly calcined clays are prepared by calcination from aluminum hydroxide. Aluminum hydroxide is converted by calcination into the thermodynamically stable α-Al ₂ O ₃ at temperatures above 1200 ° C. The thermodynamically unstable Al ₂ O ₃ modifications occurring at temperatures between 400 and 1000 ° C are referred to as gamma forms (cf. Ullmann, Enzyclopädie der technischen Chemie, 4th Edition (1974), Volume 7, page 298 ). By selecting the temperature and the time during the calcination, one can set the degree of calcination, ie the conversion into the thermodynamically stable α-Al ₂ O _3, to any desired level. Low calcination gives an alumina containing γ-Al ₂ O ₃ , which is lower the higher the calcination temperature and the longer the calcination time. Slightly calcined clays are distinguished from pure α-Al ₂ O ₃ by lower agglomerate hardness, greater specific surface area, and larger pore volumes.

The dentine abrasion (RDA) of the less calcined aluminas to be used according to the invention with a proportion of 10 to 50% by weight of γ-Al ₂ O ₃ is only 30 to 60% of the dentin abrasion of a strongly calcined, pure α-Al ₂ O ₃ (measured in a standard toothpaste with 20% by weight of alumina as the sole polishing agent).

In contrast to α-Al ₂ O _3, the γ-Al ₂ O ₃ can be stained red with an aqueous ammoniacal solution of Alizarin S (1,2-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone-4-sulfonic acid). One can choose the degree of dyeability as a measure of the degree of calcination or for the proportion of δ-Al ₂ O ₃ in a calcined alumina:
Approximately 1 g Al ₂ O ₃ , 10 ml of a solution of 2 g / l Alzarin S in water and 3 drops of an aqueous, 10 wt .-% solution of NH 3 are placed in a test tube and boiled briefly. The Al ₂ O ₃ is then filtered off, washed, dried and evaluated under the microscope or evaluated colorimetrically.

Suitable, slightly calcined clays containing from 10 to 50% by weight of γ-Al ₂ O ₃ can be colored pale to deep pink by this process.

Alumina polishing agent various degrees of calcination, fineness and bulk densities are available in stores, e.g. the "Poliertonerden" of the company Giulini-Chemie or ALCOA.

A preferred suitable quality "polishing clay P10 Fine "has a Agglomerate size below 20 μm, one average primary crystal size of 0.5 up to 1.5 μm and a bulk density from 500 to 600 g / l.

The use of silicates as polishing agent components may also be preferred according to the invention. They are used in particular in modern practice as a cleaning body. Examples of silicates which can be used according to the invention are aluminum silicates and zirconium silicates. In particular, the sodium aluminum silicate of the empirical formula Na ₁₂ (AlO ₂ ) ₁₂ (SiO ₂ ) ₁₂ .7H ₂ O may be suitable as a polishing agent, such as the synthetic zeolite A.

Examples for water-insoluble metaphosphates according to the invention are mainly sodium metaphosphate, calcium phosphate such as Tricalcium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate and calcium pyrophosphate.

Of others can magnesium carbonate according to the invention, Magnesium hydrogen phosphate, trimagnesium phosphate or sodium bicarbonate as a polishing agent, in particular as a mixture with other polishing agents, be used.

Another polishing agent suitable for use in the oral and dental care compositions of the present invention is calcium phosphate dihydrate (CaHPO ₄ .2H ₂ O). Calcium phosphate dihydrate occurs in nature as a brushite and is available as a polishing agent commercially available in suitable particle sizes from 1 to 50 microns.

According to the invention preferred are mouthwash and dentifrices that help in the remineralization process by the dispersions of the invention or compositions, in addition 0.1 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 5 wt .-% and in particular 0.1 to 3% by weight of a remineralization promoting component, respectively based on the total weight of the agent.

The Remineralization promotion component promotes in the inventive compositions the remineralization of the enamel and the closure of dental lesions and is selected from fluorides, microparticulate Phosphate salts of calcium such. Calcium glycerol phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, Hydroxyapatite, fluorapatite, F-doped hydroxyapatite, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate as well as calcium fluoride. But also magnesium salts such. For example, magnesium sulfate, Magnesium fluoride or magnesium monofluorophosphate have a remineralizing effect.

According to the invention preferred Remineralization components are magnesium salts.

suitable embodiments of the oral and dentifrices are solid, liquid or semi-liquid toothpastes and dental gels.

The mouthpiece according to and dentifrices according to another preferred embodiment additional Toothpaste ingredients such as surfactants, humectants, binders, Flavors and active ingredients against tooth and gum diseases.

For an improvement of the cleaning effect and foaming of the invention Oral and dental care agents are usually used surfactants or surfactant mixtures. They promote the rapid and complete dissolution and distribution of dental creams in the oral cavity and at the same time support the removal of mechanical plaque, especially in those places that are difficult to access with a toothbrush. In addition, they promote the incorporation of water-insoluble substances, such as aromatic oils, stabilize the polishing agent dispersion and support the Antikarieswirkung of fluorides.

Humectants become common in dental cosmetics for protection against dehydration and for consistency control and cold stability of the products used. You can but also for suspension and flavoring or gloss influence.

Usually will as humectants toxicologically harmless polyols, such as sorbitol, Xylitol, glycerol, mannitol, 1,2-propylene glycol or mixtures thereof used, but also polyethylene glycols having molecular weights of 400 to 2000 can serve as humectant components in toothpastes.

Prefers is the combination of several humectant components, wherein the combination of glycerin and sorbitol containing 1,2-propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol is to be regarded as particularly preferred.

ever by product type is the humectant or the mixture of humectants in the total composition in an amount of 10 to 85% by weight, preferably 15 to 70% by weight and in particular 25 to 50% by weight contain.

In a further preferred embodiment contains the mouthpiece of the invention and dentifrices additional Active ingredients against tooth and gum diseases. Among such According to the invention, active substances are anti-caries active substances, Antimicrobial agents, tartar inhibitors, flavorings or to understand any combination of these substances.

Anti-caries agents

Fluorine compounds, preferably from the group of fluorides or monofluorophosphates in an amount of 0.1-0.5% by weight of fluorine, are especially suitable for controlling and preventing caries. Suitable fluorine compounds are, for. For example, sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, stannous fluoride, disodium monofluorophosphate (Na ₂ PO ₃ F), dipotassium monofluorophosphate or the fluoride of an organic amino compound.

Anti-plaque agents

According to the invention preferred Preparations, in particular oral and dental care and cleaning preparations, are characterized in that they additionally Antiplaque agents, preferably methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl or propyl ester, sodium sorbate, sodium benzoate, bromochlorophen, Triclosan, phenyl salicylic acid ester, Biguanids z. As chlorhexidine, thymol, preferably in amounts of 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, preferably from 0.25 to 2.5 wt .-% and in particular from 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, based in each case on the total agent, contain.

Antimicrobial agents

When antimicrobial component are suitable for. Phenols, resorcinols, Bisphenols, salicylanilides and -amides and their halogenated derivatives, halogenated carbanilides and p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters.

Under the antimicrobial components are particularly suitable which inhibit the growth of plaque bacteria. For example halogenated diphenyl ethers, such as 2,4-dichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether, 4,4'-dichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether, 2,4,4'-tribromo-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether, 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether (Triclosan) are suitable as antimicrobial agents. In addition to bromochlorophene, Bisbiguanides such as chlorhexidine and alexidine, phenylsalicylic acid esters and 5-amino-1,3-bis (2-ethylhexyl) hexahydro-5-methylpyrimidine (hexetidine) Zinc and copper ions also act antimicrobial, with synergistic Effects especially in combination with hexetidine and triclosan occur. Also quaternary Ammonium compounds, such as. Cetylpyridinium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, Domiphen bromide and dequalinium chloride can be used. As antimicrobial octapinol, octenidine and sanguinarine have also been effective.

The antimicrobial agents are preferably used in amounts of 0.01 to 1 wt .-% in the inventive compositions. Irgacare ^® MP is particularly preferably used in an amount of 0.01 to 0.3 wt .-%.

Tartar inhibitors

Tartar is mineral deposits that are very similar to natural tooth enamel. In order to inhibit calculus formation, substances are added to the dentifrices according to the invention which specifically intervene in crystal nucleation and prevent existing germs from growing on. These are, for example, condensed phosphates, which are preferably selected from the group of tripolyphosphates, pyrophosphates, trimetaphosphates or mixtures thereof. They are used in the form of their alkali metal or ammonium salts, preferably in the form of their sodium or potassium salts. Aqueous solutions of these phosphates typically react alkaline, so that the pH value of the dentifrice according to the invention is adjusted to values of 7.5 to 9, if appropriate by addition of acid. As acids can be z. As citric acid, phosphoric acid or acid salts, for. B. NaH ₂ PO ₄ can be used. The desired pH of the dentifrice can also by addition of acidic salts of the condensed phosphates, ie z. B. K ₂ H ₂ P ₂ O ₇ , can be adjusted.

Also Mixtures of various condensed phosphates and / or hydrated Salts of the condensed phosphates can be used according to the invention. Tartar inhibitors usually become in amounts of 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 3 wt .-% and in particular 0.1 to 2 wt .-% used in the inventive compositions.

Further suitable tartar inhibitors are organophosphonates such as 1-azacycloheptane-2,2-diphosphonate (Na salt), 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate (Na salt) and zinc citrate.

Agents against hypersensitive teeth

Preferably contain the agents of the invention continue active against hypersensitive teeth, they are selected from potassium and strontium salts such as potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, Potassium bicarbonate, potassium citrate, potassium acetate, potassium nitrate, strontium chloride, Strontium nitrate, strontium citrate, strontium acetate and strontium lactate and eugenol.

The Eugenol can with aromatic oils be mixed in the oral and dental care products. Prefers it is in the form of clove bud oil contained in the compositions.

Preferably contain the oral and dentifrices contain at least 0.5% by weight of potassium or strontium ions in the form of a dissolved one Salt and at least 0.01% by weight of eugenol in pure form or in Form of clove bud oil.

flavorings

Preferably contain the agents of the invention Flavors to which z. Sweetening and / or flavoring oils.

When sweeteners For example, saccharinates (especially sodium saccharinate) are suitable, Cyclamates (especially sodium cyclamate) and sucrose, lactose, Maltose or fructose.

When aromatic oils come all for Oral and dental care in use natural and synthetic flavors in question. Natural flavors can be both in the form of the essential oils isolated from the drugs (mixture) as well as in the form of the individual components isolated therefrom become. Preferably at least one aromatic oil from the group of peppermint oil, curly mint oil, aniseed oil, star anise oil, caraway oil, eucalyptus oil, fennel oil, cinnamon oil, clove oil, geranium oil, sage oil, pimento oil, thyme oil, marjoram oil, basil oil, citrus oil, Gaultheria oil or one / more containing isolated or synthetically produced components of these oils be. The most important components of the oils mentioned are z. Menthol, carvone, Anethole, cineole, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, caryophyllene, geraniol, citronellol, Linalool, salves, thymol, terpinene, terpinol, methylchavicol and Methyl salicylate. Other suitable flavors are z. For example, menthyl acetate, Vanillin, ionone, linalyl acetate, rhodinol and piperitone.

• • Vitamine, z. B. Retinol, Biotin, Tocopherol, Ascorbinsäure und deren Derivate (z. B. Ester, Salze);
• • Pigmente, z. B. Titandioxid oder Zinkoxid;
• • Gefärbte Pigmentpartikel, beispielsweise gefärbte Kieselsäurepartikel, wie sie z. B. unter der Verkaufsbezeichnung Sorbosil^®BFG 51, BFG 52 und BFG 53 oder Sorbosil^®2352 im Handel sind. Es können auch Gemische unterschiedlich gefärbter Pigmentpartikel verwendet werden. Solche, z. B. kräftig orange, rot oder blau gefärbten Gelkieselsäure-Partikel können in Mengen von 0,1–1,0 Gew.-% in den erfindungsgemäßen Mitteln enthalten sein;
• • Bleichmittel wie beispielsweise Wasserstoffperoxid und Wasserstoffperoxid-Vorstufen;
• • Farbstoffe;
• • pH-Stellmittel und Puffersubstanzen, z. B. Natriumcitrat, Natriumbicarbonat oder Kalium- und Natriumphosphate,
• • Konservierungsmittel, z.B. p-Hydroxybenzoesäuremethyl-, ethyl- oder -propylester, Natriumsorbat, Natriumbenzoat, Bromchlorophen oder Triclosan;
• • wundheilende und entzündungshemmende Stoffe wie z. B. Allantoin, Harnstoff, Panthenol, Azulen oder Kamillenextrakt, Acetylsalicylsäure-Derivate, Alkali-Rhodanide;
• • Mineralsalze wie Zink-, Magnesium- und Mangansalze, beispielsweise -sulfate.

Finally, other common remedies for improving stability and sensory egg properties of oral and dental care products. Such aids are, for example:

• • vitamins, eg. Retinol, biotin, tocopherol, ascorbic acid and their derivatives (eg, esters, salts);
• • pigments, eg. For example, titanium dioxide or zinc oxide;
• Colored pigment particles, for example colored silica particles, as described e.g. B. under the sales name Sorbosil ^® BFG 51, BFG 52 and BFG 53 or Sorbosil ^® 2352 are commercially available. Mixtures of differently colored pigment particles can also be used. Such, z. B. strongly orange, red or blue colored gel silica particles may be present in amounts of 0.1-1.0 wt .-% in the inventive compositions;
• Bleaching agents such as hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen peroxide precursors;
• • dyes;
• • pH adjusting agents and buffer substances, eg. Sodium citrate, sodium bicarbonate or potassium and sodium phosphates,
• Preservatives, eg methyl, ethyl or propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, sodium sorbate, sodium benzoate, bromochlorophene or triclosan;
• • wound healing and anti-inflammatory substances such. Allantoin, urea, panthenol, azulene or chamomile extract, acetylsalicylic acid derivatives, alkali rhodanides;
• Mineral salts such as zinc, magnesium and manganese salts, for example sulphates.

All these optional dentifrice ingredients are all in one Amount of about 2 to 10 wt .-%, based on the total weight, in the agents according to the invention contain. To be used according to the invention Preparations, preferably oral and dental care products, in particular the toothpastes, too the insensitivity of the teeth contain increasing substances, such as potassium salts z. As potassium nitrate, potassium citrate, potassium chloride, potassium bicarbonate and potassium oxalate. Preferred oral and dental care and cleaning products are characterized that she the insensitivity of the teeth enhancing substances, preferably potassium salts, more preferably Potassium nitrate and / or potassium citrate and / or potassium chloride and / or Potassium bicarbonate and / or potassium oxalate, preferably in amounts of 0.5 to 20 wt .-%, particularly preferably from 1.0 to 15 wt .-%, more preferably from 2.5 to 10 wt .-% and in particular from 4.0 to 8.0 Wt .-%, each based on the total agent included.

Prefers continue to be preparations, in particular oral and dental hygiene and cleanser that enhances the insensitivity of the teeth Substances, preferably potassium salts, more preferably potassium nitrate and / or potassium citrate and / or potassium chloride and / or potassium bicarbonate and / or potassium oxalate, preferably in amounts of 0.5 to 20 wt .-%, particularly preferably from 1.0 to 15% by weight, more preferably from 2.5 to 10% by weight, and in particular from 4.0 to 8.0 wt .-%, each based on the total Means, included.

Particularly according to the invention preferred oral and dental care and cleaning agents are characterized in that they 0.2 to 20 wt .-%, preferably 0.4 to 14 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.5 to 3 wt .-% and in particular 0.6 to 2 wt .-% of at least one contain bioactive glass.

The to be used according to the invention Oral and dental care and cleaning agent of this embodiment contain bioactive glass or glass powder or glass ceramic powder or composite materials comprising such a bioactive glass. Among glass powders are in the context of the present application also Granules and glass beads Understood.

by virtue of the requirements for the toxicological safety of the glass as well as their suitability for consumption the glass powder should be particularly pure be. The burden of heavy metals is preferably low. So is the maximum concentration in the field of cosmetic formulations preferably for Pb <20ppm, Cd <5ppm, As <5ppm, Sb <10ppm, Hg <1ppm, Ni <10ppm.

The unfused starting glass, which is contained directly in the preferred compositions according to the invention or is optionally used for the production of a glass ceramic which can be used according to the invention, contains SiO ₂ as a network former, preferably between 35-80% by weight. At lower concentrations, the spontaneous tendency to crystallize increases greatly and the chemical resistance decreases sharply. At higher SiO ₂ values, the crystallization stability may decrease and the processing temperature is significantly increased, so that the hot-forming properties deteriorate. Na ₂ O is used as a flux during melting of the glass. At concentrations of less than 5%, the melting behavior is adversely affected. Sodium is a constituent of the phases which form during the ceramization and, if high crystalline phase proportions are to be set by the ceramization, must be present in the glass in correspondingly high concentrations. K ₂ O acts as a flux when melting the glass. In addition, potassium delivered in aqueous systems. If high potassium concentrations are present in the glass, potassium-containing phases such as calcium silicates are also eliminated. The P ₂ O ₅ content of silicate glasses, glass ceramics or composites can be used to adjust the chemical resistance of the glass and thus the ion emission in aqueous media. For phosphate glasses, P ₂ O _{5 is} network images. The P ₂ O ₅ content is preferably between 0 and 80 wt .-%. In order to improve the meltability, the glass may contain up to 25% by weight of B ₂ O ₃ . Al ₂ O ₃ is used to adjust the chemical resistance of the glass.

to reinforcement the antimicrobial, especially the antibacterial properties the glass ceramic can antimicrobial ions such. B. Ag, Au, I, Ce, Cu, Zn in Be contained concentrations of less than 5 wt .-%.

coloring Ions such. Mn, Cu, Fe, Cr, Co, V, may be used singly or in combination, preferably in a total concentration of less than 1% by weight be.

Usually the glass or the glass ceramic is used in powder form. The Ceramization can either be done with a glass block or glass ribbons done or with glass powder. After ceramization, the Glass ceramic blocks or ribbons are ground into powder. Was the powder ceramified, must if necessary be ground again to agglomerates, which during the Keramierungenschrittes arise are to remove. The grindings can be both dry as well in aqueous or non-aqueous Grinding media carried out become. Usually the particle sizes are smaller 500 μm. As appropriate Particles sizes <100 microns and <20 microns proved. Particularly suitable are particle sizes <10 microns as well as smaller 5 μm as well as less than 2 μm, see below.

The bioactive glasses or glass powder or glass ceramic powder or composite compositions contained in the preferred compositions according to the invention comprise glasses which preferably comprise the following components: SiO ₂ : 35-80% by weight, Na ₂ O: 0-35% by weight, P ₂ O ₅ : 0-80 wt%, MgO: 0-5 wt%, Ag ₂ O: 0-0.5 wt%, AgJ: 0-0.5 wt%, NaJ : 0-5 wt%, TiO ₂ : 0-5 wt%, K ₂ O: 0-35 wt%, ZnO: 0-10 wt%, Al ₂ O ₃ : 0-25 Wt .-% and B ₂ O ₃ : 0-25 wt .-%.

Furthermore, the base glass according to the above composition to achieve further effects such as color or UV filtering ions such as Fe, Co, Cr, V, Ce, Cu, Mn, Ni, Bi, Sn, Ag, Au, J individually or in total to be added to 10 wt .-%. A further glass composition may be as follows: SiO ₂ : 35-80 wt%, Na ₂ O: 0-35 wt%, P ₂ O ₅ : 0-80 wt%, MgO: 0-5 wt %, Ag ₂ O: 0-0.5 wt%, AgJ: 0-0.5 wt%, NaJ: 0-5 wt%, TiO ₂ : 0-5 wt% , K ₂ O: 0-35 wt .-%, ZnO: 0-10 wt .-%, Al ₂ O ₃ : 0-25 wt .-%, B ₂ O ₃ : 0-25 wt .-%, SnO : 0-5 wt%, CeO ₂ : 0-3 wt%, and Au: 0.001-0.1 wt%.

Particularly preferred oral and dental care and cleaning agents according to the invention are characterized in that the bioactive glass - based on its weight - has the following composition: SiO ₂ From 35 to 60% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight, Na ₂ O 0 to 35% by weight, preferably From 5 to 30% by weight, K ₂ O 0 to 35% by weight, preferably 0 to 20% by weight, P ₂ O ₅ 0 to 10% by weight, preferably From 2 to 10% by weight, MgO 0 to 10% by weight, preferably 0 to 5% by weight, CaO 0 to 35% by weight, preferably From 5 to 30% by weight, Al ₂ O ₃ 0 to 25% by weight, preferably 0 to 5% by weight, B ₂ O ₃ 0 to 25% by weight, preferably 0 to 5% by weight, TiO ₂ 0 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5 wt .-%.

As already mentioned above, the bioactive glass is preferably used in particulate form. Here are Particularly preferred oral and Zahnpflege- invention and detergent characterized in that the antimicrobial Glass particle sizes <10 microns, preferably from 0.5 to 4 μm, more preferably from 1 to 2 μm, having.

Of the Content of the dispersions of the invention or compositions in the oral and dental care compositions of the invention is 0.01 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.01 to 2 wt .-%, most preferably less than 2 wt .-% and in particular less than 1 wt .-% based on the total weight of the agent.

A preferred embodiment are toothpastes containing silicic acid, polishes, Humectants, binders and flavors which 0.00001 to 10, in particular 0.01 to 4 wt .-%, preferably 0.01 to 2 wt .-%, most preferably less than 2 wt .-% and in particular less than 1 Wt .-%, based on the total weight of the composition of inventive dispersions or composition.

Farther can inventive dispersions or compositions of the invention as neo- or remineralizing components in compositions used to strengthen the enamel.

A Further use of the dispersion according to the invention or of the composition according to the invention takes place as the biomineralization inducing or promoting Component for the treatment of tooth or bone defects.

The Dispersion according to the invention or composition according to the invention or compositions containing these are also suitable to be used for coating implants.

A Use of the dispersion according to the invention or the composition according to the invention, or compositions containing at least these for smoothing the surface of teeth and / or Bone is also preferred.

The Dispersion according to the invention or the composition of the invention can induce or promote biomineralization in bone tissue. she Therefore, they are still suitable as a biomineralizing component for Preparation of compositions for restoration or regeneration of bone material, such as. B. of compositions for treatment of bone defects and bone burs as well as for promotion ingrowth of implants.

to Coating of implants can the dispersions of the invention or the compositions of the invention for example, according to the standard method known in the art the dip coating or the plasma spraying are applied.

to Use as injectable bone replacement materials may be dispersions according to the invention or the compositions of the invention be combined with suitable other substances, such. B. glycosaminoglycans or proteins, and with suitable solvents and auxiliaries such. As a dilute aqueous Formulated phosphate buffer.

One Another object of the invention relates to the use of the dispersion according to the invention or the composition of the invention for protection and / or therapeutic and / or preventive Treatment of teeth and / or bones before or in case of damage due to external influences, in particular of body-related, chemical, physical and / or microbiological nature, especially for prevention and repair of erosions on bones and teeth, especially enamel, care of the enamel, and to protect the teeth from attack by acids, in particular by bacterial activity or by the action of acids from food, to protect against demineralization of the teeth, to Seal of fissures for protection and / or repair of primary lesions and / or Initial caries in the enamel and for smoothing the tooth surface, for Caries prevention, to improve cleanability, the mechanical resistance of the teeth as well as dental health in general.

According to one preferred embodiment become the dispersion of the invention or the composition of the invention against attacks by acids used.

Under the term acids Here are both the intrinsic acids and the extrinsic Acids too understand. The injury by intrinsic acids concerns in particular medically related diseases that with a contact of stomach acid associated with the oral region, especially in belching, regurgitation, Heartburn or vomiting, also in connection with pathological Eating disorder, like bulimia in particular.

Especially suitable is the use in case of attack by extrinsic acids, in particular due to bacterial activity or the action of acids Food.

Furthermore, it could be observed that in addition to the prevention, against erosion of teeth (dentin and enamel) and bone, in particular enamel, a repair of erosions on tooth and bone, in particular the enamel, by the dispersion according to the invention or the composition according to the invention takes place.

The Dispersion according to the invention or the composition of the invention are therefore also therapeutically useful in the repair of damage, in particular erosions, bones and teeth, especially on the enamel.

Prefers become the dispersion of the invention or the composition according to the invention for Protection against and / or repair of primary lesions and / or initial caries used in enamel and to seal fissures. According to the invention can the use according to the invention fissures (i.e., those on the occlusal surface the jaws and molars located columnar Recoveries) and thus their caries susceptibility be reduced.

Farther leads the Use of the dispersion according to the invention or the composition of the invention to a better mechanical resistance, in particular that the Extent of Micro scratches, craters or mechanical abrasion is reduced.

The use according to the invention leads to a better resistance to mechanical stress of the teeth, which can be caused in addition to chewing in particular by vigorous brushing your teeth. A damage or a removal of softened enamel can be avoided.

by virtue of said positive properties of the dispersion of the invention or the composition of the invention these are themselves or compositions containing them, thus to improve the cleaning ability the teeth and dental health in general.

Besides that is an article of the present invention directed to use a dispersion according to the invention or a composition of the invention for coating implants.

Furthermore For example, the present invention involves the use of a dispersion of the invention or a composition of the invention as an additive for Food.

Also Sweets with one on the whole candy based content of preferably at least 0.000001 wt .-% of a dispersion according to the invention or a composition of the invention are to be regarded as the subject matter of the present invention, in particular, when the sweets are selected from chewing gum, hard and soft caramels, gumdrops, jelly products, Foie gras, licorice, dragees, lozenges and candied Fruits.

To a preferred embodiment is the candy selected from the group of sugar confectionery. Sugar confectionery is a diverse group of foods that comply with the Directive for sugar confectionery Federal Association of the German Confectionery Industry by sugar and / or other customary sugars, optionally sugar alcohols, sweeteners or other sweet ingredients usually one pronounced sweet taste to have. Sugar confectionery is also filling, Glaze or confectionery masses, as well as layers, coatings or fillings of confectionery or fine baked goods. Sugar confectionery also includes sugar-free sugar confectionery. These are the sweet taste by sugar alcohols and / or sweeteners achieved.

preferred Sugar goods are especially hard and soft caramels, gumdrops, Jelly products, marshmallows, licorice, dragées, lozenges and candied fruit.

caramels (also called sweets) get their peculiarity in general Cooking a solution of sugars and / or sugar alcohols and are used of smell and smell flavoring substances, coloring and / or the condition affecting substances with or without filling made in different shapes. The texture of the caramels ranges from hard caramels, e.g. Drops up to the soft caramels, which differ in particular by their residual water content. This can be up to about 5% by weight for hard caramels and for soft caramels up to about 15% by weight. Soft caramels are for example the elastic-gum-like Chewy sweets or the soft, well chewable, z.T. sticky toffees. Depending on the method of production, e.g. cut, embossed, cast and laminated candies distinguished.

jelly products in the sense of the invention are elastic-soft sugar confectionery with a biting consistency (e.g., jelly fruits). As well Sweets according to the invention are gummy sweets such as Fruit gums, gummy bears, wine gums or gum pastilles. They are tough-elastic and chewable-solid and, like the jelly products, are made from sugars and / or sugar alcohols, gelling agents (such as agar, pectin or gum arabic), gelatin and / or starch (modified if necessary). Waxes or vegetable oils may additionally be considered Separating and brightening agents are used.

licorice products are made from a mixture of sugars and / or sugar alcohols, Gelatin and / or (also modified) starch and / or flour and / or Gelling and thickening agents as well as various flavors. About that In addition, licorice products contain as a characteristic ingredient at least 3% licorice juice (Succhus liquiritiae, in the commercial dry form). The addition of up to 8 wt .-%, in particular up to 2 wt .-% Salmiaksalz leads to so-called Strong liquorice.

dragees consist of a smooth or curly, with sugars and / or Sugar alcohols, types of chocolate and / or other glazes in the coating process made blanket and a fluid, soft or solid core. When Dragierverfahren example, a saturated sugar solution finely distributed from a nozzle sprayed on the rotating in Dragierkesseln core. Of the Sugar crystallizes through the simultaneously injected warm Air and gradually forms many thin layers around the core. contains the sugar layer no residual moisture, the candy is called Hartdragee, at Weichdragees can however, about 6 to 12, in particular 8 to 10 wt .-% residual moisture be given. Dragees become external often with a thin one Separating and gloss layer provided, wherein the gloss layer by treatment with waxy substances, such as carnauba wax, arises. In particular, the texture affecting substances, such as e.g. Strength as well as coloring, odoriferous substances are used.

compressed or lozenges are in the tabletting or powder casting or extrusion process produced and contain besides the sugars and / or sugar alcohols possibly small amounts of binders and lubricants.

According to one particularly preferred embodiment is the candy a hard or soft caramel or a dragee. These sweets have the advantage of being over a longer one Time to be kept in the mouth and in the candy in the form of the dispersion of the invention or composition according to the invention incorporated active ingredients and auxiliaries released only gradually become. The mineralizing, and in particular the neomineralizing Effect is thereby particularly promoted.

Especially with sweets from melting of sugar and / or sugar alcohols, such as Caramels, the dispersion of the invention or the composition of the invention advantageously be incorporated directly into the melt.

Surprisingly In this case, crystallization of the melt does not occur in the melts Sugar added by adding conventional, ground apatite leads to a polycrystalline, difficult to process mass. Of the at coarse grained Apatite occurring sandy taste could also not be determined.

Especially preferred are the hard caramels such as e.g. Sweets, drops, candy canes or lollipops that remain in the mouth for an extended period of time the stepwise release of the calcium salt or the invention Composite material is optimally given.

In spite of the partially tooth-damaged Ingredients (sugar) leads the consumption of the candy according to the invention In addition to the pleasure experience for dental care and dental care and beyond for the mineralization of enamel and / or dentin. On which, not always after the enjoyment of sweets possible, but to keep healthy the teeth previously necessary Dental care, usually with toothbrush, Toothpaste and / or mouthwash can do so without harm to your teeth the candy consumption be waived.

Sugar alcohols which are preferred according to the invention are sorbitol or sorbitol syrup, mannitol, xylitol, lactitol, isomalt, maltitol or maltitol syrup. These substances have the advantage that they contain less calories per 100 g and, moreover, the degradation of the sugar alcohols to acids by some bacteria of the oral cavity takes place so slowly that they do not have a cariogenic effect. The addition according to the invention of dispersion according to the invention or composition according to the invention in sweeteners containing sugar substitutes causes a mineralization of the teeth during and / or after the consumption of the candy and thus contributes in particular to the preservation sunder teeth.

According to one another preferred embodiment is the candy of the invention filled. Sweets with a solid, gel-like or liquid Core allows et al The addition of other flavor components in this core. Likewise, by doing so Active ingredients are introduced in a direct manner (for example by admixture) not without effect reduction or loss can be incorporated. In sweets can et al Vitamins or alcohol are incorporated into such fillings.

Especially it is preferred that the filling the dispersion according to the invention or composition according to the invention contains. That in the filling contained material of the invention so can be in such sweets be incorporated, where the risk of loss of effect through the properties of candy or the production thereof. This filling can in particular a Suspension, gel or syrup. In particular, the Suspensions or gels based on water should be prepared good compatibility to ensure. An additive to other food-grade dispersants or wetting agents may serve to the dispersion of the invention or inventive composition to keep in the suspension. In particular, suitable gel formers are organic thickeners and their derivatives.

Next Synthetic organic thickeners are especially natural organic Thickener, in particular agar-agar, carrageenan, tragacanth, gum arabic, Alginates, pectins, polyoses, guar flour, carob kernel, Strength, Dextrins, gelatin and casein suitable. Of which modified natural substances are also preferred, especially carboxymethylcellulose and other cellulose ethers, hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose as well as core flour ethers. Synthetic organic thickeners, e.g. Polyether or inorganic thickeners such as polysilicic acids and / or Clay minerals (e.g., montmorillonites, zeolites or silicas) may also be used used according to the invention become.

According to one another embodiment In the present invention, the candy is a filled chewing gum.

chewing gum, the dispersion or composition according to the invention incorporated into the chewing gum, These include, but are discontinued because of their sticky texture only small amounts of the active ingredient free. By biting on the filled one Chewing gum is the dispersion of the invention or the composition according to the invention, including these, which in the filling is released directly in the mouth and can work better as in conventional Chewing gum. The chewing gum promotes additionally the salivation through the executed chewing movement. The caries causing Acids become dilute and so on natural Type supports the health of the oral cavity. Especially tooth-care and -supporting chewing gums contain sugar substitutes, in particular Sugar alcohols.

chewing gum consist of sugars and / or sugar alcohols, sweeteners, Flavors, other odor, taste or consistency ingredients, Dyes and a water-insoluble, plastic when chewing expectant gum. In addition, you can the chewing gum also separating and coating agents (such for example, talc).

Kaumassen are mixtures of consistency-giving substances, the natural gums, which are solidified juices (exudates) from tropical plants such as chicle, gum arabic, gutta-percha, karaya gum and tragacanth, rubber and the thermoplastics butadiene-styrene copolymers, isobutylene-isoprene copolymers, Polyethylene, polyisobutylene, polyvinyl esters of the unbranched fatty acids of C ₂ to C ₁₈ and polyvinyl ethers.

When Plasticizers are used in resins and balms. To the natural ones Counting substances Benzoin, Dammar resin, Rosin, Mastic, Myrrh, Olibanum, Peruvian balsam, Sandarrak, shellac and tolu balsam, to the synthetic coumarone-indene resin, Glycerol pentaerythritol esters of rosin acids of rosin and their Hydrogenation.

to Influencing the elasticity find paraffins (natural and synthetic) as well as waxes use. There are waxes those from the vegetable sector such as Carnabau wax and such animal origin such as beeswax or wool wax, next to it from the mineral area such as microcrystalline waxes, as well chemically modified or synthetic waxes. As a plasticizer serve emulsifiers (e.g., lecithins or mono- and diglycerides of Fatty acids) and esters such as glycerol acetate as well as glycerol.

to Regulation of chewing consistency are herbal hydrocolloids like agar-agar, alginic acid and alginates, guar gum, locust bean gum or pectin. For targeted adjustment of the chewing properties of chewing masses fillers used, these are carbonates of calcium or magnesium, oxides, for example, alumina, silica and silicates of calcium or magnesium. stearic acid and their calcium and magnesium salts are used to reduce the adhesiveness the gum is used on the enamel.

Before the remaining, for the Preparation of chewing gum mixed according to the recipe according to required ingredients It is necessary to have a gizzard about 20-35% (at least but 15%) of the finished chewing gum warmed to 50-60 ° C.

To a further preferred embodiment In the present invention, the candy comprises a dissolving component. This component or matrix triggers in the mouth through contact with the saliva. It can do that Dissolve also by a longer one Dwell time in the mouth (especially over five minutes) and / or sucking be achieved. As a component or matrix is here, for example the sugar matrix or basic mass of a candy, a gumdrop or a filling to understand.

Especially it is preferred that in the dissolving component or matrix the invention in the sweetness contained dispersion of the invention or composition according to the invention, including these. This advantageously leads to that the dissolving one Component contained therein or contained active ingredient in Mouth can release. In particular, this is important for such sweets in which the active substance otherwise not in larger quantities is released.

This For example, it may be advantageous for a filled chewing gum be. The dispersions of the invention or compositions according to the invention, including these, are incorporated into a solid, gelatinous or liquid filling, the by biting on the chewing gum in the mouth leaking from the chewing gum and the active ingredient releases. In case of a liquid filling this mixes with the saliva. It is also possible that the calcium salts of the invention and / or the composite materials comprising these, e.g. in granulated Sugar pearls is incorporated into a chewing gum. Also is it is possible that the materials of the invention as a fine powdery dust on the candy is applied, for example, together with release agents in chewing gum (for example with talcum) or acidic drops (which are often used as protection against sticking e.g. dusted with powdered sugar are).

Of the in the dissolving one Component or matrix drug does not remain as in the incorporation into the chewing gum of a chewing gum, for the most part arrested in or with a non-resolving component. So the necessary amount of active ingredient in the mouth is made available which advantageously ensures effective mineralization of the teeth.

To a particularly preferred embodiment The invention consists of candy essentially of at least one dissolving component or matrix. According to the invention is particularly advantageous that there are no components of candy to which the active ingredient is sucked or dissipated Mouth continues to be tied and therefore not available for the mineralization of the tooth material may be present. Corresponding sweets can for example, filled or unfilled Caramels, gumdrops, jelly products, marshmallows, licorice goods, Represent dragees or lozenges.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the candy contains flavorings, sweeteners, fillers and / or further auxiliaries (such as, for example, glycerol or mineral salts, for example Zn ²⁺ or Mg ²⁺ ). In principle, any natural or nature-identical flavorings, such as fruit flavors, can be used. These may be contained in particular in solid or liquid fruit preparations, fruit extracts or fruit powders. Preference is given to pineapple, apple, apricot, banana, blackberry, strawberry, grapefruit, blueberry, raspberry, passion fruit, orange, sour cherry, red and blackcurrant, woodruff and lemon. Also other flavors, in particular aroma oils such as peppermint oil, spearmint oil, eucalyptus oil, aniseed oil, fennel oil, caraway oil and synthetic flavor oils can be used. This is particularly preferably done in herbal and / or cough sweets and chewing gum.

Further flavoring additives can et al milk, yoghurt, cream, butter, honey, malt, caramel, Licorice, wine, almonds, pistachio, hazelnut or walnut kernels as well other protein-rich oilseeds and peanut kernels, Coconut, cocoa, chocolate, cola or vanilla.

It is also possible to use active ingredients such as menthol and / or vitamins in the candy according to the invention be included. Likewise, organophosphonates, such as, for example, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, phosphono-propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid (Na salt) or 1-azacycloheptane-2,2-diphosphonic acid (Na salt), and / or pyrophosphates which reduce the formation of tartar.

Sweeteners such as sodium saccharin, acesulfame-K, aspartame ^®, sodium cyclamate, stevioside, thaumatin, sucrose, lactose, maltose, fructose or glycyrrhizin are also preferably contained. This can reduce the amount of sugar and still obtain the predominantly sweet taste.

When Preservatives can all for Food approved preservatives are used, For example, sorbic or benzoic acid and derivatives thereof, such as e.g. Sodium benzoate and parahydroxybenzoate (sodium salt), sulfur dioxide or sulphurous acid, Sodium or potassium nitrite. Dyes and pigments to achieve a pleasing appearance Also included.

One Another object of the present invention is the use of at least one dispersion according to the invention or of a composition according to the invention in sweets, especially sugar confectionery, as an ingredient with a positive effect on the dental health.

Especially become the dispersion of the invention or the composition of the invention or the candy containing them for dental care and dental care as well as for mineralization of enamel and / or dentin. A carious disease the teeth can be counteracted by the use of materials according to the invention become. In addition to the pleasure gratification so the candy of the invention additionally used for caries prophylaxis.

According to one another preferred embodiment contain the compositions of the invention in addition to the dispersion according to the invention or the composition according to the invention, including this, in addition at least one fluoride salt.

Surprisingly It has been found that the addition of fluoride to a synergistic reinforcement the nucleating effect of the composite materials according to the invention lead.

Especially preferred is the addition of sodium and / or potassium fluoride. at simultaneous addition of active compounds according to the invention and low Quantities of fluoride show an approximately five-fold synergistic amplification.

Prefers are amounts according to the invention from 0.01 to 1.2% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 0.90% by weight of fluoride salt, dependent from the fluoride salt used (e.g., sodium fluoride). This corresponds an amount of fluoride ion used of 0.05 to 0.15% by weight, in particular from 0.08 to 0.12 wt .-%.

Prefers are amounts according to the invention from 0.05 to 0.15% by weight, in particular from 0.08 to 0.12% by weight Fluoride based on the amount of fluoride ions.

The following examples are intended to explain the subject matter of the invention in more detail:
As a starting material for the examples, a sufficient amount of an apatite gelatin composite was initially made available.

For the preparation of said apatite-gelatin composite 2000 ml demineralized water were placed in a thermostated at 25 ° C 4 l beaker and 44.10 g (0.30 mol) CaCl ₂ .2H ₂ O (Fisher Chemicals pa) dissolved. Separately, 35 g of gelatin (type AB, DGF-Stoess, Eberbach) were dissolved at about 50 ° C. in 350 ml of demineralized water. Both solutions were combined and stirred vigorously with a propeller stirrer. The pH was adjusted to 7.0 with dilute aqueous base.

300 ml of a 0.6 M (NH ₄ ) ₂ HPO ₄ solution previously adjusted to pH 7.0 were added to this gelatin and calcium salt solution with vigorous stirring over a period of 120 minutes. The pH was kept constant at pH 7.0 by the controlled addition of dilute aqueous base. After completion of the addition, stirring was continued for 24 h.

Subsequently was filled the dispersion in centrifuge cups and the solids content by centrifuging from the solution separated.

After drying, the composite material contained 43 percent by weight of organic, ie proteinaceous An parts. This proportion can be determined by ashing the material at 800 ° C. for 3 h or by the expert evaluation of a thermogravimetric measurement or by carbon combustion analysis (CHN) or by Kjeldal nitrogen analysis, whereby the proportion of the ammonium chloride impurity can be eliminated in each case. The procedure was continued with this dry composite material as follows:
There were several batches of a dispersion D consisting of
9.5% apatite / gelatin composite
15% glycerin
3% other additives such as preservatives, salts, etc.
and water ad 100%
produced. All% data are by weight relative to the total amount of dispersion D.

at Storage of such a dispersion under different climatic conditions (at constant storage temperatures of -10 ° C to + 40 ° C or in alternating climate: respectively for 12 h 40 ° C, 32.5 ° C, 25 ° C, 32.5 ° C, 40 ° C, 32.5 ° C, etc.) These partially sediment at room temperature and all other described storage conditions within a few days. Above that Sediment forms a clear, low-viscosity supernatant. Partly their viscosity increases but in spite of the same chemical composition also on, so that a cut-resistant Mass arises.

Example 1:

A formulation A according to the invention was prepared, consisting of
85% of Dispersion D and 15% Empicol LXSV / S (sodium dodecylsulfate)

The % Data are% by weight relative to the total the formulation A.

The dispersion D was initially charged and then the surfactant was added. The incorporation of the surfactant was carried out at an elevated temperature of about 50 ° C. After stirring for 1 hour with a paddle stirrer, a dispersion having a viscosity in the range of 1 to 10 Pas was present at a shear rate of 30 s ^-1 measured at 20 ° C.

When storing such a dispersion under various climatic conditions (at constant storage temperatures of -10 ° C to + 40 ° C or in alternating climate: each for 12 h 40 ° C, 32.5 ° C, 25 ° C, 32.5 ° C, 40 ° C, 32.5 ° C, etc.) were after a period of 4 weeks still dispersions having a viscosity in the range between 300 and 1700 mPa · s at a shear rate of 30 s ^-1 measured at 20 ° C before. Furthermore, no phase separation was visually apparent, although the starting materials not according to the invention had already shown a visible phase separation after a few days at room temperature or were gelled.

In addition, the final viscosity of the dispersion according to the invention was even after a storage period of 4 weeks at the above climatic conditions measured at shear rates of 30 s ^-1 and at 20 ° C even greater than one-third and less than 3 times the viscosity output value (at the beginning of storage measured).

Example 2:

It were combinations according to the invention subjected to a study for their antimicrobial efficacy.

When Starting product for the examples became first a sufficient amount of an apatite gelatin composite is provided.

For the preparation of said apatite-gelatin composite 2000 ml demineralized water were placed in a thermostated at 25 ° C 4 l beaker and 44.10 g (0.30 mol) CaCl ₂ .2H ₂ O (Fisher Chemicals pa) dissolved. Separately, 35 g of gelatin (type AB, DGF-Stoess, Eberbach) were dissolved at about 50 ° C. in 350 ml of demineralized water. Both solutions were combined and stirred vigorously with a propeller stirrer. The pH was adjusted to 7.0 with dilute aqueous base.

300 ml of a 0.6 M (NH ₄ ) ₂ HPO ₄ solution previously adjusted to pH 7.0 were added to this gelatin and calcium salt solution with vigorous stirring over a period of 120 minutes. The pH was kept constant at pH 7.0 by the controlled addition of dilute aqueous base. After completion of the addition, stirring was continued for 24 h.

Subsequently was filled the dispersion in centrifuge cups and the solids content by centrifuging from the solution separated.

After drying, the composite material contained 43 percent by weight of organic, ie proteinaceous, portions. This proportion can be determined by ashing the material at 800 ° C. for 3 h or by the expert evaluation of a thermogravimetric measurement or by carbon combustion analysis (CHN) or by Kjeldal nitrogen analysis, whereby the proportion of the ammonium chloride impurity can be eliminated in each case. The procedure was continued with this dry composite material as follows:
There were several batches of a dispersion D consisting of
9.5% apatite / gelatin composite
19% Empicol LXSV / S (sodium dodecyl sulfate)
and water ad 100%
produced. All% data are by weight relative to the total amount of dispersion D.

From the dispersion D, the following formulations were prepared, which have a pH of about 7:
A: 80% of dispersion D and 15% glycerol and water ad 100%
B: 80% of dispersion D and 16% glycerol and 3% ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate and water ad 100%
C: 80% of dispersion D and 21% glycerol and 1.5% ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate and water ad 100%

About 30 g each of the formulations to be investigated were each containing about 0.3 ml of a bacterial inoculum suspension of about 1-5 × 10 ⁸ cfu / ml, comprising the germs Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter gergoviae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkolderia cepacia, burdened. On the following days it was tested when the germs introduced into the formulation had died.

While in Formulation A still after 28 days living germs were detected were the germs in formulation B after 14 days and in formulation C already killed after 7 days. In particular, the result with formulation C shows that by the Combination of ideal conditions between solvents and surfactant optimized the use of antimicrobial components (humbled) can be.

Claims (67)

Homogeneous, storage-stable dispersion containing a) at least one sparingly soluble in water Calcium salt and / or b) at least one polymer component, such as c) more than 10 wt .-% of at least one surfactant. Dispersion according to claim 1, characterized in that that a composite of said sparingly soluble in water Calcium salt and said polymer component is present. Dispersion according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that that said sparingly soluble in water calcium salt and / or said composite in the form of individual crystallites or in Form of particles comprising a plurality of said crystallites, with an average particle diameter in the range of less than 1000 nm, preferably below 300 nm. Dispersion according to claim 3, characterized in that that the particles are chunky and / or platelet-shaped, preferably are predominantly platelet-shaped. Dispersion according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that that a single crystallite has a thickness in the range of 2 to 50 nm and a length in the range of 10 to 150 nm, preferably a thickness of 2 to 15 nm and one length from 10 to 50 nm; particularly preferably a thickness of 3 to 11 nm and a length from 15 to 25 nm. Dispersion according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that that the platelet-shaped particles a length of 10 to 150 nm and a width of 5 to 150 nm. Dispersion according to one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized that the particles have a ratio of Length too Width of 1 to 4, preferably from 1 to 3, more preferably from 1 to 2 have. Dispersion according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the particles at least a side having an area of 0.1 × 10 ^-15 m ² to 90 × 10 ^-15 m ² , preferably 0.5 × 10 ^-15 m ² to 50 × 10 ^-15 m ² , particularly preferably 1.0 × 10 ^-15 m ² to 30 × 10 ^-15 m ² , very particularly preferably 1.5 × 10 ^-15 m ² to 15 × 10 ^-15 m ² . Dispersion according to one of Claims 3 to 8, characterized that the crystallites and / or particles of said calcium salts of one or more surface modifiers wrapped are. Dispersion according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized that said polymer component is selected from the groups of Protein components, polyelectrolytes and polysaccharides. Dispersion according to claim 10, characterized in that that said polyelectrolytes are selected from the group consisting of is formed by polyaspartic acids, alginic acids, Pectins, deoxyribonucleic acids, ribonucleic acids, polyacrylic and polymethacrylic acids. Dispersion according to claim 10, characterized in that that said polysaccharides are selected from glucuronic acid and / or iduronic Polysaccharides, preferably from Glykosaminoglykanen, in particular selected from chondroitin sulfates, heparin and hyaluronic acid, and xanthan. Dispersion according to claim 10, characterized in that that said protein component is selected from proteins, protein hydrolysates and protein hydrolyzate derivatives. Dispersion according to claim 10, characterized in that that said protein component is selected from collagen, gelatin, Kerstin, casein, wheat protein, rice protein, soy protein, almond protein and their hydrolyzates and hydrolyzate derivatives. Dispersion according to claim 14, characterized in that that said protein component is selected from collagen, gelatin, Casein and its hydrolysates, preferably gelatin, more preferably gelatin of the type A, B or AB, in particular gelatin of the acid bone type. Dispersion according to one of Claims 2 to 15, characterized that said sparingly soluble in water calcium salt and the polymer component in the form of a composite, wherein the polymer component is a protein component, the proportion thereof in the composite material between 0.1 and 80 wt .-%, preferably between 10 and 60, in particular between 30 and 50 wt .-% based on the Total weight of the composite material is. Dispersion according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized that in the dispersion the weight percentage of the i) Total amount of said surfactant more than 60% relative to the j) total amount of the mentioned in claim 1 under a) and b) Components. Dispersion according to claim 17, characterized in that the total amount referred to in i) in relationship to that mentioned under j) Total amount at 0.8: 1 to 5: 1, preferably at 1: 1 to 4: 1 and especially preferably at 1: 1 to 3: 1. Dispersion according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that said dispersion at 20 ° C using a rotary rheometer (TA Instruments AR 1000) at shear rates of 30 sec ^-1, a viscosity between 100 mPa · s and 30,000 mPa · s, preferably between 200 mPa · s and 10000 mPa · s and in particular between 250 mPa · s and 5000 mPa · s. Dispersion according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the viscosity of said dispersion after storage over a period of 4 weeks at a constant storage temperature between 0 ° C and 40 ° C between 100 mPa · s and 30,000 mPa · s , preferably between 200 mPa · s and 10000 mPa · s and in particular between 250 mPa · s and 5000 mPa · s, wherein the measurement at 20 ° C using a rotary rheometer (TA Instruments AR 1000) at shear rates of 30 sec ^-1 was carried out. Dispersion according to one of Claims 2 to 20, in which the proportion the according to claim 1 b) in the composite material between 0.5 and 70 Wt .-%, preferably between 8 and 60 wt .-% based on the total weight of the composite material. Dispersion according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the liquid phase of the Dispersion contains an organic solvent. Dispersion according to Claim 22, characterized that said organic solvent is selected from the group of hydroxyl-containing solvents and / or derivatives thereof. Dispersion according to Claim 23, characterized that said organic solvent is selected from polyhydroxy-containing solvents and / or derivatives thereof. Dispersion according to one of Claims 23 or 24, characterized that said organic solvent selected is from the group of alcohols, preferably with 1 to 4 C atoms, and / or their derivatives. Dispersion according to claim 25, characterized in that that as a group of alcohols, the group of polyhydric alcohols to understand. Dispersion according to Claim 25 or 26, characterized that said organic solvent selected is from ethanol, 1,2-propanediol, glycerol, hexanediol and theirs Mixtures. Dispersion according to one of Claims 25 to 27, characterized that said organic solvent selected is diisopropylmonomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, Butyl diglycol. Dispersion according to one of Claims 1 to 28, characterized that in claim 1 according to c) mentioned Surfactant selected is from the groups of anionic, cationic, nonionic, zwitterionic / amphoteric surfactants (amphoteric / betaines), the alkylamine oxides, the silicone compounds and the phosphoric acid esters and their salts. Dispersion according to Claim 29, characterized that said surfactant is selected is from the groups of a) Alkyl sulfates with a saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear alkyl group having 8 to 22 C atoms, b) Alkylglucosides with a saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear alkyl group having 8 to 22 C atoms, c) Fatty acid ethanolamides with a saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear alkyl group having 8 to 22 C atoms, d) Betaine, e) ether sulfates. Dispersion according to claim 30, characterized in that that the group a) alkyl sulfates having a saturated or unsaturated, a branched or linear alkyl group having 10 to 16 carbon atoms, wherein as Alkyl sulfate, preferably sodium lauryl sulfate is included. Dispersion according to claim 31, characterized in that that the group b) alkylglucosides having a saturated or unsaturated, a branched or linear alkyl group having 10 to 16 carbon atoms. Dispersion according to Claim 32, characterized that is contained as alkyl glucoside lauryl glucoside. Dispersion according to claim 30, characterized in that that the group c) fatty acid ethanolamides with a saturated one or unsaturated, branched or linear alkyl group having 10 to 16 C atoms, especially preferably lauryl-ethanolamide. Dispersion according to one of Claims 1 to 34, characterized that the Dispersion in addition one or more antimicrobial components, preferably selected from the groups of alcohols, aldehydes, antimicrobial acids, carboxylic esters, acid amides, Phenols, phenol derivatives, diphenyls, diphenylalkanes, urea derivatives, Oxygen, nitrogen acetals and formals, benzamidines, isothiazolines, phthalimide derivatives, Pyridine derivatives, antimicrobial surface active compounds, guanidines, antimicrobial amphoteric compounds, quinolines, 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane, Iodo-2-propynyl-butyl-carbamate, iodine, Iodophores, peroxides, p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters, preferably selected from the methyl, ethyl and propyl esters. Dispersion according to one of Claims 1 to 35, characterized that the dispersion is a according to claims 22 to 28 solvents to use and one according to claim Contains 35 to be used antimicrobial component. Dispersion according to Claim 36, characterized that the dispersion as a solvent Contains glycerol. Dispersion according to Claim 36 or 37, characterized that the dispersion as antimicrobial component at least one p-hydroxy-benzoic acid ester, preferably selected from the methyl, ethyl and propyl esters. Dispersion according to one of Claims 36 to 38, characterized the dispersion comprises at least one further antimicrobial component containing fungistatic and / or fungicidal activity. Dispersion according to one of Claims 36 to 39, characterized that the weight percent ratio from that according to claims 22 to 28 solvents to be used to the invention in the Dispersion contained 5: 1 to 1: 100, preferably 4: 1 to 1:10, in particular from 3: 1 to 1: 3. An antimicrobial combination comprising one according to claims 22 up to 28 solvents to be used, in particular glycerol and an inventively present surfactant, in particular Sodium lauryl sulfate, characterized in that the weight percent ratio of solvent to the surfactant 5: 1 to 1: 100, preferably from 4: 1 to 1:10, in particular from 3: 1 to 1: 3. Dispersion available by bringing together a calcium salt according to the invention and / or a present invention contained Polymer component with one or more components selected from the invention contained Surfactants. Dispersion according to claim 42, characterized in that said, preferably glycerin Dispersion before while or after matching with said one or more Components heated is at 30 to 80 ° C, preferably at 35 to 65 ° C, especially at 40 to 60 ° C. Compositions comprising a combination of a dispersion according to one the claims 1 to 43 with other active ingredients and ingredients or by Combination of a dispersion according to a the claims 1 to 43 are available with other active ingredients and ingredients. Process for the preparation of a dispersion according to the claims 1 to 43, characterized in that a preferably glycerol A dispersion containing the calcium salt mentioned in claim 1 according to a) and / or that mentioned in claim 1 according to b) Polymer component with one or more components selected from that mentioned in claim 1 according to c) Surfactant is brought together. Method according to claim 435 characterized in that said, preferably glycerol Dispersion before while or after matching with said one or more Components heated is at 30 to 80 ° C, preferably at 35 to 65 ° C, especially at 40 to 60 ° C. Use of a dispersion according to one of claims 1 to 43 or a composition according to claim 44 in compositions for cleaning and / or care of the teeth. Use of a dispersion according to one of claims 1 to 43 or a composition according to claim 44 for the preparation of compositions for strengthening the enamel. Use of a dispersion according to one of claims 1 to 43 or a composition according to claim 44 as the biomineralization inducing or promoting Component for the preparation of compositions for the treatment of tooth or bone defects. Use of a dispersion according to one of claims 1 to 43 or a composition according to claim 44 as a component for protection and / or therapeutic and / or preventive Treatment of teeth and / or bones before or in case of damage due to external influences, in particular body-conditioned, chemical, physical and / or microbiological nature. Use according to claim 50, characterized in that attacks under the said external influences by acids, especially due to bacterial activity or the action of acids Food, to be understood. Use according to claim 50, characterized in that said protection and / or said preventive Treatment for a reduction or inhibition of demineralization the teeth leads. Use according to claim 50, characterized in that said protection and / or said preventive Treatment leads to a seal of fissures. Use according to claim 50, characterized in that said protection and / or said preventive Treatment for the protection and / or repair of primary lesions and / or Initial caries in the enamel leads. Use according to claim 50, characterized in that said protection and / or said preventive Treatment for the repair of erosions in bones and teeth, in particular in the enamel, leads. Use according to claim 50, characterized in that said protection and / or said preventive Treatment leads to a caries prophylaxis. Use according to claim 50, characterized in that said protection and / or said preventive Treatment for smoothing the tooth surface leads. Use according to claim 50, characterized in that said protection and / or said preventive Treatment leads to improving the cleanability of the teeth. Use according to claim 50, characterized in that said protection and / or said preventive Treatment to improve dental health generally leads. Use according to claim 50, characterized in that said protection and / or said preventive Treatment leads to better mechanical resistance, in particular that the Extent of Micro scratches, craters or mechanical abrasion is reduced. Use of a dispersion according to one of claims 1 to 43 or a composition according to claim 44 for coating of implants. Use of a dispersion according to one of claims 1 to 43 or a composition according to claim 44 as an additive for food. Oral and dental care and cleaners with a content of a dispersion according to any one of claims 1 to 43 or a composition according to claim 44. Oral and dental care and cleaning agents after Claim 61, characterized in that it is toothpastes is. Sweets containing a dispersion according to any one of claims 1 to 43 or a composition according to claim 44. Sweets according to claim 65, characterized in that they are selected from chewing gum, hard and soft caramels, gumdrops, jelly products, Foie gras, licorice, dragees, lozenges and candied Fruits. Compositions for induction or promotion the regeneration of bone tissue containing a dispersion according to one the claims 1 to 43 or a composition according to claim 44.