DE102006052384A1 - Bearing shell pair from bronze alloy, useful as big end bearing and main bearing in combustion engines, comprises two semi-cylinder tube pieces, where the bronze alloy contains tin, nickel, zinc and elements of e.g. iron and manganese - Google Patents

Bearing shell pair from bronze alloy, useful as big end bearing and main bearing in combustion engines, comprises two semi-cylinder tube pieces, where the bronze alloy contains tin, nickel, zinc and elements of e.g. iron and manganese Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102006052384A1
DE102006052384A1 DE102006052384A DE102006052384A DE102006052384A1 DE 102006052384 A1 DE102006052384 A1 DE 102006052384A1 DE 102006052384 A DE102006052384 A DE 102006052384A DE 102006052384 A DE102006052384 A DE 102006052384A DE 102006052384 A1 DE102006052384 A1 DE 102006052384A1
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Prior art keywords
bearing
bronze alloy
mass
elements
zinc
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DE102006052384A
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German (de)
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Helmut HÖLLER
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Boegra Technologie GmbH
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Boegra Technologie GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
    • F16C17/022—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only with a pair of essentially semicircular bearing sleeves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • F16C33/121—Use of special materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
    • F16C2204/10—Alloys based on copper
    • F16C2204/12—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C9/00—Bearings for crankshafts or connecting-rods; Attachment of connecting-rods
    • F16C9/04—Connecting-rod bearings; Attachments thereof
    • F16C9/045—Connecting-rod bearings; Attachments thereof the bearing cap of the connecting rod being split by fracturing

Abstract

Bearing shell pair from bronze alloy (Q), useful as big end bearing and main bearing, comprises two semi-cylinder tube pieces, which are produced by fracture splitting of a hollow cylinder, where the bronze alloy contains 5-15 mass% of tin; 5-20 mass% of nickel; up to 5 mass% of zinc; and up to 0.2 mass% of one or more elements of iron, manganese, aluminum, silicon and/or phosphorus, and remaining copper.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Lagerschalenpaar aus einer Bronzelegierung, das aus zwei Halbzylinderrohrstücken besteht, die durch Bruchtrennen eines Hohlzylinders hergestellt worden sind und die als Pleuellager und Hauptlager einsetzbar sind. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Lagerschalenpaares.The The invention relates to a bearing shell pair of a bronze alloy, that of two half cylinder pipe pieces made by fracture separation of a hollow cylinder have been and can be used as a rod bearing and main bearings. The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of a such bearing cup pair.

Die heute zum Einsatz kommenden Pleuel, insbesondere für Brennkraftmaschinen, werden als sogenannte geschnittene Pleuel oder als Crackpleuel ausgeführt. Geschnitten oder gecrackt wird hierbei das große Pleuelauge, das die Kurbelwelle umgreift. Das kleine Pleuelauge braucht in der Regel nicht geöffnet zu werden, da es über einen geraden Bolzen mit dem Kolben verbunden wird.The used today connecting rod, in particular for internal combustion engines, are designed as so-called cut connecting rods or as Crackpleuel. sliced or cracked here is the big eye, which is the crankshaft embraces. The small connecting rod usually does not need to open too be there over there a straight bolt is connected to the piston.

Je nach Lagerbelastung werden die Pleuelaugen mit unterschiedlichen Lagerschalen (als Gleitlager) ausgestattet. Als Lagerschalen kommen nach dem Stand der Technik insbesondere Stützschalenwerkstoffe zum Einsatz, die in der Regel aus Stahl C10 nach DIN17210 gebildet sind. Die Lagerschalen können je nach Bauform und Verwendung kaltverfestigt sein. Auf diesen Stützschalenwerkstoff kann die eigentliche Gleitlagerlaufschicht, beispielsweise aus Weichmetall, Bleibronze, Leichtmetall, aufgedampften Schichten oder ähnlichem bestehen. Beispielsweise werden in der EP 1 158 062 B1 Lagerbuchsen verschiedener Zusammensetzungen genannt. So unter Hinweis auf die GB-A-529 889 eine Kupfer-Zink-Aluminium-Knetlegierung einer Zusammensetzung von 55 bis 75% Cu, 3 bis 7% Al, 3,5 bis 7% Mn, 0,5 bis 4% Fe, 0 bis 2% Ni, Rest Zink. Ferner werden Buchsen aus gekneteten CuAl10Ni5Fe4 und CuZn31Si1 erwähnt. Die erstgenannte Knetlegierung soll bei hohen mechanischen Festigkeiten ein gutes Setzverhalten aufweisen und daher für höchste Belastungen über lange Zeiträume geeignet sein. Als nachteilig wird angegeben, dass Mehrstoff-Aluminium-Bronzen im kontinuierlichen Stranggussverfahren schwer gießbar und im anschließenden Fertigungsschritt Strangpressen nur schwer warmumformbar sind. Demgegenüber besitze die geknetete Sondermessinglegierung CuZn31Si1 eine stärkere Neigung zur Spannungsrelaxation. Als Lagerbuchsenmaterial wird daher eine Kupfer-Zink-Aluminium-Knetlegierung mit 63,5 bis 66,5% Kupfer, 2 bis 5,4% Aluminium, 4,1 bis 4,9% Mangan, 2,6 bis 3,4% Eisen, 1,1 bis 1,9% Nickel, Rest Zink und üblichen Verunreinigungen vorgeschlagen.Depending on the bearing load, the connecting rod eyes are equipped with different bearing shells (as plain bearings). As bearing shells come in the prior art in particular support shell materials are used, which are usually made of steel C10 according to DIN17210. The bearing shells can be work hardened depending on the design and use. On this support shell material, the actual Gleitlagerlaufschicht, for example, made of soft metal, lead bronze, light metal, vapor-deposited layers or the like exist. For example, in the EP 1 158 062 B1 Bushings of various compositions called. So pointing to the GB-A-529,889 a copper-zinc-aluminum wrought alloy having a composition of 55 to 75% Cu, 3 to 7% Al, 3.5 to 7% Mn, 0.5 to 4% Fe, 0 to 2% Ni, remainder zinc. Furthermore, bushes made of kneaded CuAl10Ni5Fe4 and CuZn31Si1 are mentioned. The first-mentioned wrought alloy should have good mechanical properties at high mechanical strength and therefore be suitable for the highest loads over long periods. A disadvantage is stated that multi-component aluminum bronzes are difficult to cast in the continuous casting process and difficult to heat-form in the subsequent production step extrusion. In contrast, the kneaded special brass alloy CuZn31Si1 has a stronger tendency to stress relaxation. As a bearing bush material, therefore, a copper-zinc-aluminum wrought alloy with 63.5 to 66.5% copper, 2 to 5.4% aluminum, 4.1 to 4.9% manganese, 2.6 to 3.4% iron , 1.1 to 1.9% nickel, remainder zinc and usual impurities proposed.

Wie bereits eingangs angesprochen, sind nach dem Stand der Technik auch sogenannte Bruchtrenn- oder Crack-Verfahren bekannt. Das Bruchtrennen wird zur Ausbildung von teilbaren Lagerstellen, beispielsweise von Pleueln oder Kurbelgehäusen eingesetzt, aber auch zur Fertigung von Lagerschalen. Hierzu wird in der Innenumfangsfläche an diametral gegenüberliegenden Orten jeweils eine Kerbe ausgebildet, die eine Bruchebene vorgibt, entlang der das Pleuelauge oder die Lagerschale bruchgetrennt wird. Durch den Bruchtrennvorgang entsteht eine Mikro- und Makro-Verzahnung, die ein passgenaues Zusammenfügen des Lagerdeckels mit dem Lagerbett nach einer Feinbearbeitung des sogenannten großen Auges eines Lagerabschnittes ermöglicht. Wurden ursprünglich zum Einbringen der Kerben Räumwerkzeuge eingesetzt, so wird erstmals in der DE 195 34 360 C2 eine Kerbenausbildung durch Aufschmelzen des Werkstoffes mittels Laserenergie erwähnt.As already mentioned at the outset, so-called fracture separation or cracking methods are also known in the prior art. The fracture separation is used to form separable bearings, such as connecting rods or crankcases, but also for the production of bearing shells. For this purpose, in each case a notch is formed in the inner peripheral surface at diametrically opposite locations, which defines a fracture plane along which the connecting rod eye or the bearing shell is fracture-separated. Due to the fracture separation process, a micro- and macro-toothing, which allows a precise fit joining the bearing cap with the bearing bed after a fine machining of the so-called large eye of a bearing section. Were originally used for introducing the notches broaching tools, so for the first time in the DE 195 34 360 C2 mentioned a notch formation by melting the material by means of laser energy.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Lagerschalenpaar anzugeben, das einen guten Kompromiss hinsichtlich der Härte, Korrosionsbeständigkeit aber auch Formbeständigkeit beim Bruchtrennen aufweist. Hierunter ist zu verstehen, dass das Lagermaterial beim Bruchtrennen seine Krümmung, insbesondere im Bereich der Trennflächen, beibehält.outgoing from this prior art, it is an object of the present invention specify a pair of bearing cups, which is a good compromise in terms the hardness, Corrosion resistance but also dimensional stability at the fracture separation. By this is to be understood that the Bearing material when fracture separation its curvature, especially in the area the dividing surfaces, maintains.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein Lagerschalenpaar aus einer Bronzelegierung vorgeschlagen, das aus zwei Halbzylinderrohrstücken besteht, die durch Bruchtrennen eines Hohlzylinders hergestellt worden sind und die in einem Pleuellager, insbesondere als Hauptlager, einsetzbar sind; die Bronzelegierung besteht aus 5 bis 15% Sn, 5 bis 20% Ni, bis zu 5% Zn und bis zu 0,2 Massen% eines oder mehrerer der Elemente Fe, Mn, Al, Si und/oder P, Rest Cu. Die Erfindung schließt selbstverständlich auch solche Legierungen mit ein, in denen herstellungsbedingte Verunreinigungen enthalten sind. Mit der vorgeschlagenen Legierung wird eine Lagerschale geschaffen, die einerseits über die notwendige Härte und Festigkeit verfügt, andererseits auch korrosions- und adhäsionsbeständig ist.to solution This task is a pair of cups from a bronze alloy proposed, which consists of two half-cylinder pipe pieces, by fracture separation a hollow cylinder have been produced and in a connecting rod bearing, especially as a main bearing, can be used; the bronze alloy consists of 5 to 15% Sn, 5 to 20% Ni, up to 5% Zn and up to 0.2 mass% of one or more of the elements Fe, Mn, Al, Si and / or P, balance Cu. Of course, the invention also includes Such alloys in which manufacturing impurities are included. The proposed alloy becomes a bearing shell created, on the one hand, over the necessary hardness and strength, on the other hand also corrosion and adhesion resistant.

Vorzugsweise wird das Lagerschalenpaar hergestellt, indem zunächst aus einer flüssigen Legierung ein Hohlzylinder durch Stranggießen und anschließender zerspanender Bearbeitung und Ablängen gefertigt wird, worauf in den Hohlzylinder mittels eines Lasers an zwei diametral gegenüberliegenden Orten des Innenmantels Kerben eingebracht werden und der Hohlzylinder schließlich unter Einwirkung eines Spreizdornes in zwei Halbzylinder getrennt wird. Bei diesem Bruchtrennverfahren kann auf die beispielsweise in den Dokumenten DE 195 34 360 , DE 197 31 625 , DE 101 44 126 C1 , DE 10 2005 031 335 A1 oder EP 1 158 062 B1 und schließlich EP 1 035 936 B1 beschriebenen Verfahrenstechniken zurückgegriffen werden.Preferably, the pair of bearing cups is produced by first making a hollow cylinder from a liquid alloy by continuous casting and subsequent machining and cutting, whereupon notches are introduced into the hollow cylinder by means of a laser at two diametrically opposite locations of the inner shell and the hollow cylinder finally under the action of an expanding mandrel is separated into two half-cylinders. In this fracture separation method can be applied to the example in the documents DE 195 34 360 . DE 197 31 625 . DE 101 44 126 C1 . DE 10 2005 031 335 A1 or EP 1 158 062 B1 and finally EP 1 035 936 B1 recourse to the process techniques described.

In einem konkreten Ausführungsbeispiel sind 79 Massen% Cu, 10 Massen% Sn, 3 Massen% Zn, 8 Massen% Ni als Legierungsbestandteile verwendet worden. Die Legierung wurde vor dem Bruchtrennen einer Wärmebehandlung bei Temperaturen von 300°C bis 450°C über eine Zeit von 5 h bis 20 h unterzogen. Nach der Bruchtrennung ergaben sich Bruchstellen in beiden Hälften, die sich zu einem Hohlzylinderkörper mit optimaler Kreisform wieder montieren lassen.In a concrete embodiment, 79 mass% Cu, 10 mass% Sn, 3 mass% Zn, 8 mass% Ni are used as alloy components Service. The alloy was subjected to a heat treatment at temperatures of 300 ° C to 450 ° C for 5 hours to 20 hours before fracture separation. After fracture separation, breakages resulted in both halves, which can be reassembled to a hollow cylindrical body with optimal circular shape.

Claims (3)

Lagerschalenpaar aus einer Bronzelegierung, das aus zwei Halbzylinderrohrstücken besteht, die durch Bruchtrennen eines Hohlzylinders hergestellt worden sind und die als Pleuellager, insbesondere als Hauptlager, einsetzbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bronze-Legierung aus 5 bis 15 Massen% Sn, 5 bis 20 Massen% Ni, bis zu 5 Massen% Zn und bis zu 0,2 Massen% eins oder mehrerer der Elemente Fe, Mn, Al, Si und/oder P, Rest Cu besteht.Bearing pair of a bronze alloy, which consists of two half-cylinder pipe pieces, which have been produced by fracture separation of a hollow cylinder and which are used as a rod bearing, in particular as a main bearing, characterized in that the bronze alloy of 5 to 15 mass% Sn, 5 to 20 Mass% Ni, up to 5 mass% Zn and up to 0.2 mass% of one or more of the elements Fe, Mn, Al, Si and / or P, balance Cu. Verfahren zur Herstellung des Lagerschalenpaares nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zunächst aus einer Bronze-Legierung aus 5 bis 15 Massen% Sn, 5 bis 20 Massen% Ni, bis zu 5 Massen% Zn und bis zu 0,2 Massen% eins oder mehrerer der Elemente Fe, Mn, Al, Si und/oder P, Rest Cu ein Hohlzylinder durch Stranggießen und anschließendes Ablängen gefertigt wird, hierauf in den Hohlzylinder mittels eines Lasers an zwei diametral gegenüberliegenden Orten des Innenmantels Kerben eingebracht werden und der Hohlzylinder danach unter Einwirken eines Spreizdornes in zwei Halbzylinder getrennt wird.Method for producing the bearing shell pair according to claim 1, characterized in that initially out a bronze alloy of 5 to 15 mass% Sn, 5 to 20 mass% Ni, up to 5 mass% Zn and up to 0.2 mass% one or more of Elements Fe, Mn, Al, Si and / or P, balance Cu a hollow cylinder by continuous casting and subsequent Shorten is made, then in the hollow cylinder by means of a laser at two diametrically opposite Locations of the inner shell notches are introduced and the hollow cylinder then separated into two half-cylinders under the action of an expanding mandrel becomes. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlzylinder vor dem Bruchtrennen einer Wärmebehandlung bei Temperaturen von 300°C bis 450°C vorzugsweise 370°C über eine Zeit von 5 h bis 20 h unterzogen wird.Method according to claim 2, characterized in that that the hollow cylinder before the fracture separation of a heat treatment at temperatures of 300 ° C up to 450 ° C preferably 370 ° C over a Time from 5 h to 20 h.
DE102006052384A 2006-11-07 2006-11-07 Bearing shell pair from bronze alloy, useful as big end bearing and main bearing in combustion engines, comprises two semi-cylinder tube pieces, where the bronze alloy contains tin, nickel, zinc and elements of e.g. iron and manganese Withdrawn DE102006052384A1 (en)

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DE102006052384A DE102006052384A1 (en) 2006-11-07 2006-11-07 Bearing shell pair from bronze alloy, useful as big end bearing and main bearing in combustion engines, comprises two semi-cylinder tube pieces, where the bronze alloy contains tin, nickel, zinc and elements of e.g. iron and manganese

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DE102006052384A DE102006052384A1 (en) 2006-11-07 2006-11-07 Bearing shell pair from bronze alloy, useful as big end bearing and main bearing in combustion engines, comprises two semi-cylinder tube pieces, where the bronze alloy contains tin, nickel, zinc and elements of e.g. iron and manganese

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2491960A (en) * 2011-06-14 2012-12-19 Miba Gleitlager Gmbh A multilayered bearing shell

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB529889A (en) * 1938-06-14 1940-11-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Improvements in and relating to bearing metals and bearings made therefrom
DE756035C (en) * 1939-06-28 1952-04-17 Ver Deutsche Metallwerke Ag Use of copper-tin alloys for machine parts subject to sliding stress
DE19534360A1 (en) * 1995-02-06 1996-08-08 Mauser Werke Oberndorf Maschin Breaking metal workpiece, esp. connecting rod, into two parts
DE19731625A1 (en) * 1997-03-04 1998-09-10 Volkswagen Ag Bearing material in a connecting rod eye
DE19841027C1 (en) * 1998-09-08 2000-03-02 Mauser Werke Oberndorf Maschin Processing unit
DE19928330A1 (en) * 1999-06-21 2001-01-04 Wieland Werke Ag Use of a tin-rich copper-tin-iron alloy
EP1158062A1 (en) * 2000-05-17 2001-11-28 Wieland-Werke AG Wrought copper-zinc-aluminium alloy and its use
DE10144126C1 (en) * 2001-09-08 2003-01-30 Ks Gleitlager Gmbh Connecting rod shell or bushing in combustion engines or main bearing shell for positioning crankshaft in combustion engines comprises composite material having metallic protective layer and metallic sliding layer
DE10159949C1 (en) * 2001-12-06 2003-05-22 Wieland Werke Ag Use of a copper-aluminum alloy as bearing material in the manufacture of wear resistant sliding bearings used in the car industry
DE102005031335A1 (en) * 2004-06-29 2006-01-26 Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Maschinenbau Gmbh Method and device for dividing work-piece into two parts by cracking, comprising laser unit creating curved breaking line
EP2035936A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2009-03-18 Intel Corporation An apparatus and method for memory address re-mapping of graphics data

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB529889A (en) * 1938-06-14 1940-11-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Improvements in and relating to bearing metals and bearings made therefrom
DE756035C (en) * 1939-06-28 1952-04-17 Ver Deutsche Metallwerke Ag Use of copper-tin alloys for machine parts subject to sliding stress
DE19534360A1 (en) * 1995-02-06 1996-08-08 Mauser Werke Oberndorf Maschin Breaking metal workpiece, esp. connecting rod, into two parts
DE19731625A1 (en) * 1997-03-04 1998-09-10 Volkswagen Ag Bearing material in a connecting rod eye
DE19841027C1 (en) * 1998-09-08 2000-03-02 Mauser Werke Oberndorf Maschin Processing unit
DE19928330A1 (en) * 1999-06-21 2001-01-04 Wieland Werke Ag Use of a tin-rich copper-tin-iron alloy
EP1158062A1 (en) * 2000-05-17 2001-11-28 Wieland-Werke AG Wrought copper-zinc-aluminium alloy and its use
DE10144126C1 (en) * 2001-09-08 2003-01-30 Ks Gleitlager Gmbh Connecting rod shell or bushing in combustion engines or main bearing shell for positioning crankshaft in combustion engines comprises composite material having metallic protective layer and metallic sliding layer
DE10159949C1 (en) * 2001-12-06 2003-05-22 Wieland Werke Ag Use of a copper-aluminum alloy as bearing material in the manufacture of wear resistant sliding bearings used in the car industry
DE102005031335A1 (en) * 2004-06-29 2006-01-26 Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Maschinenbau Gmbh Method and device for dividing work-piece into two parts by cracking, comprising laser unit creating curved breaking line
EP2035936A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2009-03-18 Intel Corporation An apparatus and method for memory address re-mapping of graphics data

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2491960A (en) * 2011-06-14 2012-12-19 Miba Gleitlager Gmbh A multilayered bearing shell
GB2491960B (en) * 2011-06-14 2017-12-13 Miba Gleitlager Austria Gmbh Multilayered bearing shell

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