DE102006045073A1 - Magnetic locking system and security door with a magnetic locking system - Google Patents

Abstract

A magnetic closing system (52) for a closing unit (10), in particular a security door (10), which comprises a stationary part (12) and a part (14) movable between a closed position and at least one open position, indicates a closing system during operation a magnet (24) attached to a part (12, 14) of the closing unit (10) and a counter element (30) attached to the other part (14, 12) of the closing unit (10) during operation of the locking system. The counter element (30) is in the closed position of the movable part (14) of the closing unit (10) adjacent to the magnet (24) and held by magnetic force in this closed position. There is provided a monitoring device (54) for monitoring the closed position of the counter element (30), which comprises at least one signal generator (32, 34, 48), at least one signal receiver (42, 44, 50) and an evaluation device (46). By the signal generator, an identification signal can be emitted, wherein the signal receiver (42, 44, 50) and / or the signal generator (32, 34, 48) are arranged such that the identification signal is receivable only when the counter element (30) its closed position occupies. The evaluation device (46) is set up in such a way that, in a closed position monitoring mode, it generates a signal for a warning at least if without authorization for opening the closing unit (10) the signal receiver (42, 44, 50) has no signal.

Description

• a) einem im Betrieb des Schließsystems an einem Teil der Schließeinheit angebrachten Magneten;
• b) einem im Betrieb des Schließsystems an dem anderen Teil der Schließeinheit angebrachten Gegenelement, welches in der Schließstellung des bewegbaren Teils der Schließeinheit dem Magneten benachbart angeordnet ist und mittels Magnetkraft in dieser Schließposition haltbar ist; und
• c) einer Überwachungseinrichtung zum Überwachen der Schließposition des Gegenelements, welche wenigstens einen Signalgeber, wenigstens einen Signalempfänger und eine Auswerteeinrichtung umfasst.

The invention relates to a magnetic locking system for a closing unit, in particular a security door, which comprises a stationary part and a movable between a closed position and at least one open position, with

• a) a magnet attached to a part of the closing unit during operation of the locking system;
• b) a in the operation of the locking system attached to the other part of the closing unit counter element, which is adjacent to the magnet in the closed position of the movable part of the closing unit and by means of magnetic force in this closed position durable; and
• c) a monitoring device for monitoring the closed position of the counter-element, which comprises at least one signal generator, at least one signal receiver and an evaluation device.

such locking systems are used in particular for security doors with which the Access of unauthorized persons to a security area is prevented shall be. Often become doors in high traffic passageways with such locking systems equipped as conventional bolt locks at more frequent activity subject to a strong mechanical stress and more often a Require maintenance or retention measures as above magnetic locking systems. With these is no mechanical locking with interlocking components necessary.

Also in other closing units, with which an opening lockable is, such as flaps, windows and the like, such locking systems be provided.

The movable part of the clamping unit - at one Door is this the door leaf - carries in the Usually the counter element. In this way, the door leaf, though it's its closed position occupies, due to the magnetic force in its closed position held, and the door is closed. By means of the monitoring device is checked at least several times, in the best case continuously, whether the door closed is. If the door opened without prior authorization is, a warning signal is generated. An authorization can, for example by entering an access code via a corresponding keypad or through a code card over a corresponding reader respectively.

A locking system of the type mentioned is for example from the US 4,516,114 known, in which an electromagnet is provided, which comprises shielded magnetic cores. Between two shielded magnetic cores, an electrical detection circuit is closed when the formed as a metal plate counter element abuts these two magnetic cores. In this case, a signal is transmitted to a control device, which indicates that both the electromagnet is supplied with energy and the counter-element bears against the magnet, which should only be the case when the door is closed. The signal generator of the monitoring device is formed in this system by the metal plate and the signal receiver by the magnet itself.

Problematic in this arrangement, however, is that the locking system is not before manipulative Interference is protected by unauthorized persons who are unlawfully gaining access to the door want to create a limited area. In the simplest case must only the conductive connection between the two magnetic cores in Detection circuit are maintained. This can already be a simple jumper wire or a bridging rail suffice. The system is therefore relatively easy to outsmart, by the closed position the door indicating detection circuit by a bridging element maintained becomes. When this is done, the door can be unlawfully opened without one Warning signal sounds.

at other known systems, the detection of the closed position the door in that at least one proximity sensor, provided for example in the form of a known per se Hall sensor is. By such a Hall sensor can be detected whether the counter element the closed position occupies which the closed position of Door indicates. But even with such an arrangement, it is relatively easy, the System to get around. All that needs to be done is a metallic element be positioned so that the Hall sensor generates a signal, which for the closed position the door stands.

It are also closing units, where it must be ensured that they are open. This can e.g. then be the case if in a fire an otherwise locked security door to release an escape route. Also in this case is a monitoring the closed position of the counter element is displayed: It is detected that the counter element the closed position can transmit a warning signal to a control center become. This is then about it informs that an escape route is blocked and it may be appropriate activities to be initiated. However, it should not be an unnecessary warning signal be generated, just because e.g. a metallic object in the vicinity of the monitoring device arrives.

The object of the invention is to provide a magnetic locking system and a security door of the to create the aforementioned type in which an unauthorized manipulative intervention or an unauthorized open is difficult. Alternatively, the open position of the clamping unit should be monitored in the above sense.

• d) durch den Signalgeber ein Identifizierungssignal aussendbar ist;
• e) der Signalempfänger und/oder der Signalgeber derart eingerichtet sind, dass das Identifizierungssignal des Signalgebers nur dann empfangbar ist, wenn das Gegenelement seine Schließposition einnimmt; und
• f) die Auswerteeinrichtung derart eingerichtet ist, dass sie
• fa) in einem Schließstellungs-Überwachungsmodus zumindest dann ein für einen Warnhinweis stehendes Signal erzeugt, wenn ohne Autorisation zur Öffnung der Schließeinheit der Signalempfänger kein Soll-Identifizierungssignal empfängt; oder
• fb) in einem Offenstellungs-Überwachungsmodus zumindest dann ein für einen Warnhinweis stehendes Signal erzeugt, wenn ohne Autorisation zur Schließung der Schließeinheit der Signalempfänger ein mit einem Soll-Identifizierungssignal übereinstimmendes Ist-Identifizierungssignal empfängt.

This object is achieved in a magnetic locking system of the type mentioned in that

• d) an identification signal can be emitted by the signal generator;
• e) the signal receiver and / or the signal generator are set up such that the identification signal of the signal generator can only be received if the counter element assumes its closed position; and
• f) the evaluation device is set up in such a way that it
• fa) generates in a closed position monitoring mode, at least one signal standing for a warning if, without authorization to open the closing unit of the signal receiver does not receive a target identification signal; or
• fb) generates an alert signal in an open-position monitoring mode, at least if, without authorization to close the closing unit, the signal receiver receives an actual identification signal matching a desired identification signal.

Of the The underlying idea of this training is that always a specific and uniquely identifiable magnet / counter element pair cooperates. The signal generator always transmits a specific and known identification signal, which for the respective magnet / counter element pair is and which of the evaluation recognized as such becomes. In the evaluation device is the relevant identification signal stored. Thus, the evaluation unit can actually received Actual identification signal with the stored target identification signal to compare.

Becomes now, if the evaluation device in the closed position monitoring mode is operated, a wrong counter element in the appropriate position to the signal receiver held to the closed position the closing unit continue to pretend although the closing unit open is how this may be possible in the prior art is, receives the signal receiver no corresponding desired identification signal more. In this case the evaluation device generates a warning signal. Furthermore receives the signal receiver even in the case that the right signal generator by another Signal generator is replaced, no target identification signal more. Thus, this exchange is noticed and also a warning signal initiated.

in the Open position monitoring mode the evaluation is the receipt of a counter element associated identification signal initiates a warning signal. This but only if the closing unit has been closed unauthorized, although she should take her open position. The probability a false warning signal due to external influences is so largely minimized.

Either the evaluation is designed so that they only in one the two monitoring modes work or the evaluation device is set up that between the two monitoring modes can be switched. In the latter embodiment, the evaluation device thus optionally be operated in one of the two monitoring modes.

advantageous Trainings are in the dependent ones claims specified.

It is cheap, when the counter element carries the signal transmitter and the magnet carries the signal receiver, wherein it is particularly advantageous if the signal transmitter is completely within of the mating element and / or the signal receiver completely within the magnet is arranged. In other words, the signal generator and / or the signal receiver from the outside not or at least not readily accessible to access and thus a possible Further complicating manipulation.

The Counter element is usually with a fastener as a separate Component attached to the corresponding part of the clamping unit. In this Case it is convenient when the fastener carries the signal transmitter. It is even cheaper if the signal transmitter encapsulated within half of the fastener of the mating element is. That's the way it works Suck that already while trying to manipulate the counter element make the signal generator within the same or the fastener destroyed becomes. That would be the Signal flow of the signal transmitter to the evaluation unit interrupted, and the latter would to initiate a warning signal.

alternative is it cheap when the magnet carries the signal transmitter and the counter element the signal receiver, wherein it also cheap here is when the signal transmitter and / or the signal receiver is completely within the component carrying it is arranged.

To further increase safety, it is favorable if a second signal generator, through which a second identification signal can be emitted, and a cooperating signal receiver are provided. Preferably, the second identification signal is different from the first identification signal of the first signal generator. In the case of two signal transmitters and two signal receivers, a signal generator on the magnet and the other signal generator on the counter element and the associated signal receiver on the counter element or on the magnet could also be provided.

Around to counteract unauthorized manipulation of the magnet, it is advantageous if the second signal generator and cooperating with it signal receiver are set up so that with this the position of the magnet can be monitored on the corresponding part of the clamping unit. At this Design it comes to an immediate warning signal, if the Magnet is moved and in particular removed.

consequently can be here in addition to the fixed magnet / counter element pair still a unique Identified component pair monitored which is the magnet and the part of the closing unit that carries it includes.

It is particularly favorable when the counter-element is a counter-plate. In particular, you can this way already existing security doors, where already a Counter plate is provided, simply with the locking system according to the invention retrofitted become.

What As far as the magnet is concerned, it is convenient if this is an electromagnet. An electromagnet can by means of a corresponding control can be selectively activated and deactivated. An electromagnet thus offers a good technical solution to a closing unit to be opened after prior authorization by the latter after the Entering an authorization code is disabled to the movable Part of the clamping unit release.

Basically in the locking system according to the invention after a successful authorization, a signal is transmitted to the evaluation device, according to which at a subsequent interruption of the reception of the identification signal no for a warning signal should be generated.

Around To generate an identification signal, it is advantageous if the signal generator is a passive transponder. Passive transponders are sufficient be known, in large numbers manufactured and are cheap to acquire.

Regarding the security door the above object is achieved in that a locking system according to one of the claims 1 to 12 is provided. The advantages gained thereby correspond the top to the locking system mentioned advantages.

at a security door is it about it In addition, particularly advantageous if the magnet on the door frame and the counter element on the door leaf is appropriate. This corresponds to the common construction of known security doors with a locking system of mentioned type and allows so too the relatively simple one upgrade with existing security doors with the locking system according to the invention.

What the above mentioned Training with a second signal generator and a cooperating with it signal receiver concerned, with which the position of the magnet to the corresponding Part of the clamping unit monitorable is, is it cheap, when the second signal transmitter in a region adjacent to the magnet the door frame arranged is and cooperating with this signal generator signal receiver from Magnet is worn.

below Be exemplary embodiments of Invention with reference to the drawing explained. In show this:

1 schematically a first embodiment of a magnetic locking system, which is provided at a security door, the door leaf is shown in an open position;

2 schematically an enlarged side view of the magnetic locking system of 1 wherein the door leaf assumes its closed position;

3 schematically the individual components of the magnetic locking system of 1 in partial perspective view;

4 schematically a second embodiment of a magnetic locking system in one of 1 corresponding representation;

5 schematically an enlarged side view of the magnetic locking system of 4 wherein the door leaf assumes its closed position;

6 schematically the individual components of the magnetic locking system of 4 in partial perspective view.

In 1 is with 10 Overall, a security door designates how to prevent a unauthorized access to security areas. The security door 10 includes as a fixed part installed in a wall outbreak door frame 12 as well as a door leaf 14 as a movable part, which is shown in an open position. The door leaf 14 is by means of the frame 12 attached hinges 16 pivotable about a vertical axis. Another training of the security door 10 However, also comes into question, for example, as known per se sliding door.

The door frame 12 includes in a known manner two vertical sections 18 and 20 which has a horizontal upper section 22 connected to each other. Every section 18 . 20 . 22 the door frame 12 includes a contact surface 18a . 20a respectively. 22a on which the door leaf 14 in its closed position, optionally via sealing lips or the like, is applied.

In her in 1 left upper corner carries the door frame 12 an electromagnet 24 with an external contact surface 26 , The electromagnet 24 is so in the door frame 12 arranged that the contact surface 26 something behind the surrounding contact surfaces 18a and 22a the door frame 12 stands back (cf. 2 ). The electromagnet 24 is via a combined power supply / control unit 28 energized and driven to its activation or deactivation.

At the towards the plant areas 18a . 20a . 22a pointing side of the door leaf 14 is a counter-plate 30 of a paramagnetic material, in particular iron or steel. This is so on the door leaf 14 positioned that they are the electromagnet 24 is arranged adjacent when the door leaf 14 its closed position and thus the counter plate 30 takes up its closed position. In 2 is shown as the counter plate 30 flat at the contact surface 26 of the electromagnet 24 is applied.

As in the 2 and 3 can be seen, are in or on the counter plate 30 a first and a second signal transmitter each in the form of a passive transponder 32 respectively. 34 provided, which are indicated only very schematically. The transponders 32 . 34 Each send an individual identification signal, which may be, for example, bit sequences with 16, 32 or 64 bits. This allows the different transponders 32 . 34 are clearly distinguishable from each other and the likelihood that an illegally mounted transponder the same identification signal as a registered installed transponder 32 or 34 , whose identification signal is known emits, is extremely low.

The first transponder 32 is on the counter plate 30 attached, whereas the second transponder 34 in the screw head of a screw 36 is inserted, by means of which the counter plate 30 on the door leaf 14 screwed on. This may be the head of the screw 36 be provided with a blind hole, in which the second transponder 34 is used. The blind bore with the second transponder 34 in the head of the screw 36 For example, it may be sealed with an epoxy resin. In this way, there is a manipulative access to the second transponder 34 difficult. In particular, the screw can 36 be designed so that the second transponder 34 is destroyed as soon as the screw 36 is pressed, after with her the counter plate 30 on the door leaf 14 was attached. The externally accessible area of the screw 36 is aligned with the outer surface of the counter-plate 30 ,

The first transponder 32 is either in a depression in the counter plate 30 used and also encapsulated by means of an epoxy resin or is directly from the material of the counter-plate 30 surround.

The electromagnet 24 includes a housing 38 with an interior 40 in which a first and a second readout head 42 respectively. 44 are housed by the transponders 32 and 34 to be able to read emitted identification signals. The first readout head 42 is the first transponder 32 assigned and so inside the case 38 of the electromagnet 24 arranged that he receives the signal of the first transponder 32 only receives when the door leaf 14 takes its closed position.

Correspondingly, the second readout head 44 the second transponder 34 in the screw 36 assigned and so inside the case 38 of the electromagnet 24 arranged to receive the identification signal of the second transponder 34 also only receives when the door leaf 14 assumes its closed position and the counter plate 30 with the two transponders 32 and 34 adjacent to the electromagnet 24 is arranged.

The selection heads 42 and 44 are with an evaluation device 46 , which may be formed as a processor unit, connected via here not specifically provided with a reference numeral lines for data transmission and power supply.

As in particular in 2 is visible in the horizontal section 22 the door frame 12 above the electromagnet 24 a third passive transponder 48 intended. This works with a third readout head 50 together, which also in the housing 38 of the electromagnet 24 is arranged and according to the third Trans ponder 48 is aligned. The third readout head 50 gives that from the third transponder 48 received identification signal to the evaluation 46 further. The evaluation unit 46 Incidentally, it also comes from the power supply / control unit 28 energized.

The electromagnet 24 , the counter plate 30 , the transponders 32 . 34 . 48 , the selection heads 42 . 44 . 50 as well as the evaluation device 46 together form a magnetic locking system 52 ,

The transponders 32 . 34 and 48 along with the selection heads 42 . 44 and 50 as well as the evaluation device 46 form a monitoring device 54 for monitoring the closed position of the door leaf 14 , in which the counter element 30 is in its closed position.

In the 4 . 5 and 6 is a second Ausführungsbei play the locking system 52 shown. Here are the in the 1 . 2 and 3 components shown corresponding components denoted by the same reference numerals.

At the second in the 4 . 5 , and 6 embodiment shown are the transponder 32 . 34 and 48 in the interior 40 of the housing 38 of the electromagnet 24 arranged. The first and the second transponder 32 respectively. 34 are inside towards the contact surface 26 while the third transponder 48 next to the horizontal frame section 22 adjacent wall of the housing 38 of the electromagnet 24 is arranged.

The corresponding to the first transponder 32 associated first readout head 42 as well as the second transponder 34 assigned second readout head 44 are now from the counter-plate 30 on the door leaf 14 carried. As in 5 can be seen, sit the first and the second readout head 42 respectively. 44 partially in the door leaf 14 and protrude with one end over the frame 12 facing side of the door leaf 14 out. These ends are again in areas of the counter-plate 30 taken up by means of the screw 26 on the door leaf 14 is attached. In a modification not shown here, the first and the second readout head 42 . 44 completely inside the counter plate 30 added.

The third transponder 48 associated third readout head 50 sits in the appropriate position in the horizontal section 22 the door frame 12 ,

The selection heads 42 and 44 are each over a line 56 respectively. 58 with the evaluation unit 46 connected. The wires 56 and 58 run meandering within the door leaf 14 , The course of the lines 56 and 58 is in

4 shown by a common line. The wires 56 . 58 leave the door leaf 14 at its hinged edge, around the vertical section 20 the door frame 12 to the evaluation device 46 to be led. Through the course of the lines 56 . 58 through the door leaf 14 would the data transfer to the evaluation 46 disconnected when a person's door leaf 14 forcibly break through. The consequence would be a warning signal initiated by the evaluation device.

In 5 are the first and the second transponder 32 respectively. 34 and the first and second readout heads 42 respectively. 44 arranged horizontally offset from each other. In an in 6 to be recognized modification, these components are not horizontally offset from each other (see. 5 ), but lie in one plane.

Moreover, in 6 indicated that the electromagnet 24 and the associated counter plate 30 also in a different relative position relative to the door frame 12 and the door leaf 14 can be arranged. This is in 6 taking the example of the upper right corner of the door frame 12 and the corresponding corner of the door leaf 14 indicated by the door leaf cutout shown.

In a modification, instead of the electromagnet 24 Also, one or more permanent magnets may be provided, which may be formed as a rod or round magnet and can also be used in combination of rod and round magnets.

The operating principle of the locking system explained below applies to both embodiments:
As already mentioned above, the readout heads are 42 , respectively. 44 and 50 set up to receive the transponder associated with the respective one 32 . 34 respectively. 48 emitted identification signal received only when the respective transponder 32 . 34 . 48 in a corresponding spatial proximity to the corresponding readout head 32 . 34 . 50 located. The respective identification signal is thus always received only when the security door 10 closed is. The security door 10 is closed when the electromagnet 24 is activated, causing the counter-plate 30 from the electromagnet 24 is held by magnetic force. Because the counter plate 30 again on the door leaf 14 is mounted, this holds the security door 10 locked.

Now an authorized person wants the security door 10 open, it must do so via an input unit, not shown here a Autori enter a code, for example, using a numeric keypad or a code card. The authorization code becomes the power supply / control unit 28 causes the electromagnet 24 to deactivate, eliminating the counterplate 30 and thus the door leaf 14 from the magnet 24 dissolved and thereby becomes movable. Are permanent magnets provided eliminates the deactivation of the magnet. In any case, the power supply / control unit transmits 28 the evaluation device 46 an authorization signal, due to which no warning signal is generated when the door leaf 14 from the electromagnet 24 moved away and no more identification signal from the readout heads 42 . 44 or the evaluation device 46 Will be received.

Remains this authorization signal from the power supply / control unit 28 but off, so generates the evaluation 46 a warning signal if it no longer receives an identification signal or if it is from each of the first and second transponders 32 respectively. 34 received actual identification signal does not match a corresponding stored desired identification signal. In both cases, there is a high probability of an unauthorized attempt to access the security door 10 delimited area before.

As mentioned in the beginning, is it conventional Security doors, which closed with the help of a magnet and a counter plate be, quite possible, outsmart the system.

Because of the first and the second transponder 32 respectively. 34 emitted different identification signals is a manipulative intervention with the aim to open the security door unauthorized, made largely impossible. Because of the unique association of one or more identification signals with a particular magnet / backing plate pair, it is not easy to attach another backing plate to simulate the security door to the system 10 be still closed. The attachment of a foreign transponder will not lead to the goal, since the probability of installing a foreign transponder, which emits a matching with that of the correct transponder identification signal, is negligible.

Even more extensive and / or different manipulation attempts are difficult because both the transponder 32 . 34 . 48 as well as the selection heads 42 . 44 . 50 encapsulated are provided in the corresponding components. Thus, all components are not easily accessible from the outside, which further increases security.

Through the locking system explained above 52 in conjunction with the security door 10 is it possible to use the electromagnet used 24 in combination with the counter plate 30 and additionally in combination with the stationary door frame 12 to capture as unique. Any unauthorized replacement of a component would be due to the absence or modification of the corresponding identification signal of a transponder 32 . 34 detectable.

By means of the third transponder 48 and the associated third readout head 50 is also monitorable that the electromagnet 24 is arranged at the intended installation location and remains there.

In the above explanations, the evaluation device 46 operated in a closed position monitoring mode and is used when the closed position of the safety door 10 should be monitored.

As mentioned above, the locking system described above 52 even with a security door 10 are used, which releases an otherwise locked escape route in case of danger. In this case, the evaluation works 46 in an open position monitoring mode and is configured to generate a signal indicative of a warning when it receives a stored identification signal from the first and second readout circuits 32 respectively. 34 is transmitted. This only happens when the security door 10 is closed, which in turn is undesirable in the event of danger. Even with such use are the locking system 52 and the security door 10 protected against unauthorized manipulation.

Claims (15)

Magnetic locking system for a closing unit ( 10 ), in particular a security door ( 10 ), which is a fixed part ( 12 ) and a movable between a closed position and at least one open position part ( 14 ) with a) during operation of the locking system on a part ( 12 . 14 ) of the clamping unit ( 10 ) attached magnets ( 24 ); b) during operation of the locking system on the other part ( 14 . 12 ) of the clamping unit ( 10 ) counter element ( 30 ), which in the closed position of the movable part ( 14 ) of the clamping unit ( 10 ) the magnet ( 24 ) is arranged adjacent and is durable by magnetic force in this closed position; and c) a monitoring device ( 54 ) for monitoring the closing position of the counter element ( 30 ), which at least one signal generator ( 32 . 34 . 48 ), at least one signal receiver ( 42 . 44 . 50 ) and an evaluation device ( 46 ), characterized in that d) by the signal generator ( 32 . 34 . 48 ) an identification signal can be transmitted; e) the signal receiver ( 42 . 44 . 50 ) and / or the signal transmitter ( 32 . 34 . 48 ) are arranged such that the identification signal of the signal generator ( 32 . 34 . 48 ) is receivable only if the counter element ( 30 ) assumes its closed position; and f) the evaluation device ( 46 ) is set up in such a way that, in a closed position monitoring mode, it fa) generates a signal for a warning message at least if, without authorization for opening the closing unit ( 10 ) the signal receiver ( 42 . 44 . 50 ) receives no desired identification signal; or fb) generates an alert signal in an open-position monitoring mode at least if, without authorization, the closing unit is closed ( 10 ) the signal receiver ( 42 . 44 . 50 ) receives an actual identification signal coinciding with a desired identification signal. Locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the counter element ( 30 ) the signal transmitter ( 32 . 34 ) and the magnet ( 24 ) the signal receiver ( 42 . 44 . 50 ) wearing. Locking system according to claim 2, characterized in that the signal transmitter ( 32 . 34 ) completely within the counter element ( 30 ) and / or the signal receiver ( 42 . 44 . 50 ) completely inside the magnet ( 24 ) is arranged. Locking system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the counter element ( 30 ) a fastening means ( 36 ), which the signal transmitter ( 34 ) wearing. Locking system according to claim 4, characterized in that the signal transmitter ( 34 ) within the fastener ( 36 ) of the counter element ( 30 ) is encapsulated. Locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnet ( 24 ) the signal transmitter ( 32 . 34 . 48 ) and the counter element ( 30 ) the signal receiver ( 42 . 44 ) wearing. Locking system according to claim 6, characterized in that the signal transmitter ( 32 . 34 . 48 ) completely inside the magnet ( 24 ) and / or the signal receiver ( 42 . 44 ) completely within the counter element ( 30 ) is arranged. Locking system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a second signal generator ( 48 ), by which a second identification signal can be transmitted and a cooperating signal receiver ( 50 ) are provided. Locking system according to claim 8, characterized in that the second signal generator ( 48 ) and the cooperating signal receiver ( 50 ) are arranged such that with these the position of the magnet on the corresponding part ( 12 ) of the clamping unit ( 10 ) is monitorable. Locking system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the counter element ( 30 ) a counter plate ( 30 ). Locking system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the magnet ( 24 ) an electromagnet ( 24 ). Locking system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the signal transmitter ( 32 . 34 . 48 ) a passive transponder ( 32 . 34 . 36 ). Security door with a door frame ( 12 ) and a movable between a closed position and at least one open position door leaf ( 14 ), whereby the security door ( 10 ) a locking system ( 52 ), characterized in that a locking system ( 52 ) is provided according to one of claims 1 to 12. Security door according to claim 13, characterized in that the magnet ( 24 ) on the door frame ( 12 ) and the counter element ( 30 ) on the door leaf ( 14 ) is attached. Security door according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the second signal transmitter in a the magnet ( 24 ) adjacent area of the door frame ( 12 ) is arranged and with this signal transmitter ( 48 ) cooperating signal receiver ( 50 ) from the magnet ( 24 ) is worn.