DE102006043573A1 - Liquid water discharge decreasing method for fuel cell system, involves cooling fuel cell by using cooling agent in cooling circuit, and heating damp exhaust gas before discharging from fuel cell system by cooling agent - Google Patents
Liquid water discharge decreasing method for fuel cell system, involves cooling fuel cell by using cooling agent in cooling circuit, and heating damp exhaust gas before discharging from fuel cell system by cooling agent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102006043573A1 DE102006043573A1 DE102006043573A DE102006043573A DE102006043573A1 DE 102006043573 A1 DE102006043573 A1 DE 102006043573A1 DE 102006043573 A DE102006043573 A DE 102006043573A DE 102006043573 A DE102006043573 A DE 102006043573A DE 102006043573 A1 DE102006043573 A1 DE 102006043573A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- cooling
- exhaust gas
- cell system
- cooling agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verringerung des Austritts von flüssigem Wasser im Abgas eines Brennstoffzellensystems, nach der im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 näher definierten Art. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens.The The invention relates to a method for reducing the exit from liquid Water in the exhaust gas of a fuel cell system, according to the preamble of claim 1 closer Furthermore, the invention relates to a device to carry out of such a procedure.
Grundsätzlich ist
es aus der
Diese Vorgehensweise birgt jedoch einige gravierende Nachteile, insbesondere beim Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen. Die Bauteile erfordern zusätzlichen Bauraum und stellen mit ihrem Gewicht ein Wirkungsgradnachteil für das Fahrzeug dar. Ferner hat flüssiges Wasser bei Temperaturen unter 0°C immer das Problem der Eisbildung. Die Wasserführenden Teile müssen somit besonders geschützt und/oder beheizbar sein. All dies stellt einen hohen Aufwand an Kosten, Bauraum und Gewicht dar, den es, insbesondere in Fahrzeugen, zu vermeiden gilt.These However, approach has some serious disadvantages, in particular when used in motor vehicles. The components require additional space and put with their weight an efficiency disadvantage for the vehicle Furthermore, has liquid Water at temperatures below 0 ° C always the problem of ice formation. The water-bearing parts must therefore specially protected and / or be heated. All this puts a lot of effort Costs, space and weight that it has, especially in vehicles, to avoid.
Ferner weist die genannte Schrift durch die prinzipbedingt notwendige Anordnung des Wärmetauschers im Kühlkreislauf vor der Brennstoffzelle den Nachteil auf, dass das Kühlmedium beim Eintritt in die Brennstoffzelle bereits erwärmt ist. Somit wird die erforderliche Abfuhr von Wärme aus der Brennstoffzelle beeinträchtigt. Dies wiederum kann massive Auswirkungen auf die Leistungsfähigkeit und Lebensdauer der Brennstoffzelle haben, oder es muss durch einen größeren Kühlvolumenstrom kompensiert werden. Ein solcher erfordert aber in nachteiliger Weise wiederum größere, schwerere und teurere Komponenten.Further has the cited document by the principle necessary arrangement of the heat exchanger in the cooling circuit before the fuel cell has the disadvantage that the cooling medium is already heated when entering the fuel cell. Thus, the required Dissipation of heat from the fuel cell affected. This in turn can have massive impact on performance and lifetime of the fuel cell, or it must by a larger cooling volume flow be compensated. However, such requires disadvantageously again larger, heavier and more expensive components.
Die
nicht Vorveröffentlichte
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, das im Brennstoffzellenabgas enthaltene flüssige Wasser mit einfachen, kostengünstigen und kompakten Mitteln und ohne nennenswerten zusätzlichen Energieaufwand zu Verringern bzw. nach Möglichkeit ganz zu vermeiden.task The present invention is that in the fuel cell exhaust contained liquid water with simple, inexpensive and compact means and without appreciable additional energy consumption too Reduce or, if possible, completely to avoid.
Die Aufgabe wird durch das Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird im Anspruch 3 angegeben.The The object is achieved by the method having the features of the claim 1 solved. A device for implementation the method according to the invention is specified in claim 3.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bietet den Vorteil, dass mit einem minimalen Aufwand an Bauteilen der Austritt von flüssigem Wasser aus dem Brennstoffzellensystem stark verringert und in den üblichen Betriebszuständen des Systems gänzlich vermieden werden kann. Erreicht wird dies durch eine Erwärmung des Abgases nach der Brennstoffzelle. Das in dem Abgas enthaltene Wasser, welches zum Teil als auskondensiertes flüssiges Wasser vorliegt, wird durch die Erwärmung verdampft, so dass kein oder nur ein sehr geringer Anteil an flüssigem Wasser aus dem Brennstoffzellensystem austritt. Zur Verdampfung wird die im Kühlkreislauf des Brennstoffzellensystems ohnehin vorhandene Wärme genutzt. Der zusätzliche energetische Aufwand beschränkt sich damit auf die von der Kühlmittelfördereinrichtung aufzubringenden Druckverluste in dem Wärmetauscher, mit welchem das Abgas nacherwärmt wird. Im Gegensatz zu anderen Konzepten stellt dies einen minimalen, fast vernachlässigbaren zusätzlichen Energieaufwand dar.The inventive method offers the advantage of having a minimal amount of components the escape of liquid Water from the fuel cell system greatly reduced and in the usual operating conditions of the system completely avoided can be. This is achieved by heating the exhaust gas after the Fuel cell. The water contained in the exhaust gas, which is used for Part as a condensed liquid Water is present, is evaporated by the warming, so that no or only a very small proportion of liquid water from the fuel cell system exit. For evaporation is in the cooling circuit of the fuel cell system Any existing heat used. The additional limited energy expenditure thus referring to that of the coolant conveyor applied pressure losses in the heat exchanger, with which the Exhaust gas reheated becomes. Unlike other concepts, this provides a minimal, almost negligible additional Energy expenditure.
Ferner wird beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Abfuhr von Wärme aus der Brennstoffzelle deutlich verbessert, da bereits vor der eigentlichen Abkühlung des Kühlmittels, beispielsweise in einem Fahrzeugkühler, eine Abgabe von Wärme aus dem Kühlmittel an das Abgas erfolgt. Die Wärmeabfuhr aus der Brennstoffzelle wird damit nochmals verbessert, wodurch der Kühlkreislauf an sich gegebenenfalls sogar verkleinert werden kann, so dass die oben genannten Energieaufwendungen weiter verringert oder gar gänzlich kompensiert werden können.Further becomes in the procedure according to invention the dissipation of heat significantly improved from the fuel cell, since before the actual cooling the coolant, For example, in a vehicle radiator, a release of heat the coolant to the exhaust gas takes place. The heat dissipation off the fuel cell is thus improved again, causing the Cooling circuit if necessary, can be even reduced in size, so that the The above-mentioned energy costs are further reduced or even completely compensated can be.
Gemäß einer besonders günstigen Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens ist es vorgesehen, dass das Kühlmedium nach dem Durchströmen der Brennstoffzelle einen Ladeluftkühler durchströmt und Wärme aus der verdichteten, zur Brennstoffzelle strömenden Luft aufnimmt. Durch die somit deutliche kühlerer zu der Brennstoffzelle strömende Luft kann einerseits ein Austrocknen der Membranen in der Brennstoffzelle verhindert werden, andererseits wird das Kühlmedium weiter erwärmt, so dass mehr Wärme zur Verfügung steht, um das Abgas soweit aufzuheizen, dass kompensiertes Wasser praktisch vollständig verdampft werden kann.According to one especially favorable Embodiment of the method, it is provided that the cooling medium after flowing through the fuel cell flows through a charge air cooler and heat out the compressed, air flowing to the fuel cell receives. By the thus much cooler flowing to the fuel cell On the one hand, air can cause the membranes in the fuel cell to dry out be prevented, on the other hand, the cooling medium is further heated, so that more heat to disposal stands to heat the exhaust to the point that compensated water practically complete can be evaporated.
Der besondere Vorteil liegt beim Einsatz in Brennstoffzellensystemen in Kraftfahrzeugen, da hier ein Austritt von größeren Mengen an flüssigem Wasser im üblichen Straßenverkehr, alleine schon aus Sicherheitsgründen, unbedingt zu vermeiden ist.The special advantage lies in the use in Fuel cell systems in motor vehicles, since a leakage of larger amounts of liquid water in the usual traffic, alone for security reasons, is absolutely to be avoided.
Die vorrichtungsgemäße Ausgestaltung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens sieht vor, dass ein Wärmetauscher im Bereich einer Abgasleitung aus dem Brennstoffzellensystem vorgesehen ist.The device according to the invention to carry out of the method provides that a heat exchanger in the range of Exhaust pipe is provided from the fuel cell system.
Damit kann in vorteilhafter Weise ohne weitere (Um-)Wege des feuchten Abgases dieses direkt an der besonders kritischen Stellen erwärmt werden. Wenn der Wärmetauscher unmittelbar vor dem Austritt aus dem Brennstoffzellensystem sitzt, ist auch nicht zu befürchten, dass das Abgas dann an nachfolgenden, eventuell noch kalten Leitungselementen teilweise kondensiert. Durch die Anordnung des Wärmetauschers der Abgasleitung lässt sich also eine Abgastemperatur erreichen, welche sicherstellt, dass kein oder nur ein extrem geringer Anteil an flüssigem Wasser mit dem Abgas der Brennstoffzelle aus dem Brennstoffzellensystem austritt.In order to can advantageously without further (re) paths of the wet This exhaust gases are heated directly at the most critical points. If the heat exchanger sitting immediately before leaving the fuel cell system, is not to be feared that the exhaust gas then partly to subsequent, possibly still cold line elements condensed. By the arrangement of the heat exchanger of the exhaust pipe let yourself So reach an exhaust gas temperature, which ensures that no or only an extremely small proportion of liquid water with the exhaust gas the fuel cell exits the fuel cell system.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sowie der Vorrichtung zur Durchführung desselben ergeben sich aus dem anhand der Zeichnung nachfolgend dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel.Further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention and of the device for execution the same result from the reference to the drawing below illustrated embodiment.
Die einzige beigefügte Figur zeigt den für die Erfindung relevanten Teil eines Brennstoffzellensystems mit einer Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in schematischer Darstellung.The only attached Figure shows the for the invention relevant part of a fuel cell system with an embodiment of the device for carrying out the method according to the invention in a schematic representation.
In
der einzigen Figur ist der für
die Erfindung relevante Teil eines Brennstoffzellensystems
Zum
Betrieb der Brennstoffzelle
In
dem hier dargestellten Aufbau des Brennstoffzellensystems
Aus
dem Bereich des Kathodenraums
Mit
der Zielsetzung, den Austritt von flüssigem Wasser aus dem Brennstoffzellensystem
Prinzipiell
reicht es dabei aus, wenn der Wärmetauscher
Um
eine Abgabe von Wärme
aus dem Wärmetauscher
Der
Aufbau des Brennstoffzellensystems
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006043573A DE102006043573A1 (en) | 2006-09-16 | 2006-09-16 | Liquid water discharge decreasing method for fuel cell system, involves cooling fuel cell by using cooling agent in cooling circuit, and heating damp exhaust gas before discharging from fuel cell system by cooling agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006043573A DE102006043573A1 (en) | 2006-09-16 | 2006-09-16 | Liquid water discharge decreasing method for fuel cell system, involves cooling fuel cell by using cooling agent in cooling circuit, and heating damp exhaust gas before discharging from fuel cell system by cooling agent |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102006043573A1 true DE102006043573A1 (en) | 2008-03-27 |
Family
ID=39104831
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE102006043573A Withdrawn DE102006043573A1 (en) | 2006-09-16 | 2006-09-16 | Liquid water discharge decreasing method for fuel cell system, involves cooling fuel cell by using cooling agent in cooling circuit, and heating damp exhaust gas before discharging from fuel cell system by cooling agent |
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DE (1) | DE102006043573A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008029529A1 (en) | 2008-03-29 | 2009-10-01 | Daimler Ag | Fuel cell system operating method for motor vehicle, involves delivering exhaust gas carried along water, guiding cooling fluid, leading cooling fluid, separating water from gas, collecting water and partially spraying collected water |
DE102008048894A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2010-04-01 | Daimler Ag | Fuel cell system for supplying power for drive of motor vehicle, has connecting line provided at exhaust gas line through which air compressed by compressor is supplied to mix with exhaust gas |
DE102009014743A1 (en) | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-30 | Daimler Ag | Fuel cell system has low-temperature fuel cell, which is operated with compressed air on cathode side, and liquid is partially supplied to side of heat exchanger from liquid separators, where compressed air flows on other side |
WO2014012615A1 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2014-01-23 | Daimler Ag | Fuel cell system |
DE102013206701A1 (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-10-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Coolant circuit of a fuel cell system |
DE102021202370A1 (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2022-09-15 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method for operating a fuel cell system, fuel cell system |
-
2006
- 2006-09-16 DE DE102006043573A patent/DE102006043573A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008029529A1 (en) | 2008-03-29 | 2009-10-01 | Daimler Ag | Fuel cell system operating method for motor vehicle, involves delivering exhaust gas carried along water, guiding cooling fluid, leading cooling fluid, separating water from gas, collecting water and partially spraying collected water |
DE102008048894A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2010-04-01 | Daimler Ag | Fuel cell system for supplying power for drive of motor vehicle, has connecting line provided at exhaust gas line through which air compressed by compressor is supplied to mix with exhaust gas |
DE102009014743A1 (en) | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-30 | Daimler Ag | Fuel cell system has low-temperature fuel cell, which is operated with compressed air on cathode side, and liquid is partially supplied to side of heat exchanger from liquid separators, where compressed air flows on other side |
WO2014012615A1 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2014-01-23 | Daimler Ag | Fuel cell system |
DE102013206701A1 (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-10-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Coolant circuit of a fuel cell system |
DE102021202370A1 (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2022-09-15 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method for operating a fuel cell system, fuel cell system |
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Date | Code | Title | Description |
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R005 | Application deemed withdrawn due to failure to request examination |
Effective date: 20130917 |