DE102006037930A1 - Electroluminescent laminate for use in facade construction, advertising boards, for lighting of staircase steps, information signs and for deposition of semitransparent solar modules, has two layers of thermoplastic adhesive film - Google Patents

Abstract

The lamination has two layers of a thermoplastic adhesive film made from a softener containing polyvinylacetal and an interposed layer of an electroluminescent material (E). The adhesive films consist of softener containing polyvinyl butyral. The electroluminescent layer is completely embedded in the adhesive films. The electroluminescent layer has electrical conductor for current supply. The rear cover consists of glass, plastic, metal, a glazing combination or an insulating glazing. An independent claim is also included for a method for the production electroluminescent laminated glass.

Description

Technical area

The The invention relates to electroluminescent laminates as an intermediate layer are suitable for the production of laminated glass, a method for Production of composite glazings and their use.

State of the art

Electroluminescent materials have long been known and usually consist of two electrodes and a material that emits light in an alternating electric field. Layers of electroluminescent materials can be produced, for example, by screen printing in almost any surface area or color. This makes it possible to produce large surfaces such as ceilings or floors or shaped surfaces such as signs or art objects, illuminate them or equip with a lighting unit. A process for the production of electroluminescent materials is, for example, in US 6,870,313 disclosed.

electroluminescent Layers consist of organic or inorganic pigments with a polymeric binder and are resistant to mechanical stress, Moisture, UV radiation or high temperatures very sensitive. Due to the low mechanical or chemical resistance these layers are for everyday use or outdoor use is not suitable.

task

task Therefore, it was the object of the present invention to provide electroluminescent To provide materials in an application form, the one has sufficient mechanical and / or chemical resistance.

It It has been found that electroluminescent materials are excellent familiar with those from the automotive or architectural field, Adhesive films used for the production of laminated glazing to a mechanically and chemically extremely resistant laminate or a corresponding composite glazing.

Presentation of the invention

object the present invention are therefore electroluminescent materials, comprising at least two layers of a thermoplastic adhesive film of plasticized polyvinyl acetal with at least one intermediate Layer of an electroluminescent material.

The electroluminescent layers are known and can, for example according to US 6,870,313 getting produced. According to the invention, one or more layers of the electroluminescent material may be used. The laminates according to the invention can be combined with two electroluminescent layers with the back sides, so that a laminate emitting light on both sides is obtained, or several electroluminescent units, optionally in different colors and / or. Forms can be merged and put together in series to realize symbols or characters, eg for billboards or billboards.

In In a particular variant, the electroluminescent layers have openings e.g. Slits or round holes in the form of a shadow mask. Preference is given to 30-70% of the surface of the layers perforated, so that the layers have a partially transparent character have. Laminates or laminated glass produced therefrom are especially as semi-transparent ceilings, window or facade elements usable.

The Elektroluminiszierenden laminates or the electroluminescent Layers according to the invention have electrical conductors for power supply. This electrical Conductors are preferred between the thermoplastic adhesive films out of the laminate.

It is possible to coat the electroluminescent layer before insertion between the thermoplastic adhesive films on one or both sides with a transparent polymer film. Suitable for this purpose are polymer films made of PET, PMMA or polyethylene. The lamination with the adhesive films to the Verbundverglasun conditions are not affected.

• a) einer Glasscheibe
• b) mindestens einer Schicht aus einem elektroluminiszierendem Material, die zwischen zwei thermoplastischen Klebefolien aus weichmacherhaltigem Polyvinylacetalangeordnet ist und
• c) einer rückwärtigen Abdeckung umfasst.

Furthermore, an electroluminescent laminated safety glass is the subject of the invention which comprises a laminate

• a) a glass pane
• b) at least one layer of an electroluminescent material disposed between two thermoplastic adhesive films of plasticized polyvinyl acetal, and
• c) comprises a rear cover.

• a) einer Glasscheibe
• b) einer thermoplastischen Klebefolie aus weichmacherhaltigem Polyvinylacetal und
• c) einer Schicht aus einem elektroluminiszierendem Material, die beidseitig mit einer transparenten Polymerfolie beschichtet ist.

Another object of the invention is an electroluminescent composite comprising a laminate

• a) a glass pane
• b) a thermoplastic adhesive film of plasticized polyvinyl acetal and
• c) a layer of an electroluminescent material which is coated on both sides with a transparent polymer film.

• a) einer Glasscheibe als Vorderseite
• b) mindestens einer Schicht eines elektroluminiszierenden Materials, die zwischen zwei thermoplastischen Klebefolien aus weichmacherhaltigem Polyvinylacetalangeordnet ist und
• c) einer rückwärtigen Abdeckung und
• d) laminieren des Körpers unter erhöhtem oder verringertem Druck und einer Temperatur von 60 bis 130°C.

Likewise provided by the present invention is a method for producing an electroluminescent laminated glass by providing a body

• a) a glass pane as the front
• b) at least one layer of an electroluminescent material disposed between two thermoplastic adhesive films of plasticized polyvinyl acetal, and
• c) a rear cover and
• d) laminating the body under elevated or reduced pressure and at a temperature of 60 to 130 ° C.

This Process can be modified by adding an electroluminescent Material is used, the one or both sides with a transparent Polymer film is coated. For a double-sided coating Can on the back cover be waived.

The Laminated glasses according to the invention are mechanically and chemically very resistant and excellent against the effects of weather protected like UV radiation, rain or splashing water.

The adhesive films suitable for the laminates according to the invention may consist of the plasticizer-containing polyvinyl acetal customary in laminated glass processing, ie polyvinyl alcohol completely or partially acetalized with C ₁ to C ₁₀ aldehydes, preferably of plasticized polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The polyvinyl acetals can be used uncrosslinked or crosslinked.

The laminates according to the invention or laminated glazing should be the electroluminescent materials as possible to protect against external influences Completely and close tightly, i.e. the electroluminescent layer is preferably completely embedded in the adhesive films. This is easier with the plasticized polyvinyl acetal films Way possible, since they have some inherent tack, they are thermoplastic deform and enclose the inserted materials. Herewith can at elevated temperature Completely encapsulated laminates are produced. The lamination of the electroluminescent layer with the thermoplastic adhesive films takes place under a fusion of the films, leaving a bubble- and streak-free connection of the Slides is obtained.

Particularly suitable films based on PVB contain, in addition to 50-80% by weight of PVB 50-20% by weight of plasticizer and small amounts of adhesion regulators, antiblocking agents and UV stabilizers. Films of this type are referred to below as PVB films. The basic production and composition of PVB films for composite glazing is z. In EP 185 863 B1 . EP 1 118 258 B1 or WO 02/102591 A1 described. The PVB films disclosed herein can be optimized by the type and / or amount of the plasticizer or type and molecular weight of the PVB resin or its crosslinking with respect to the adhesion to the glass or the tensile strength.

at Use of tear-resistant PVB films and a front and back of glass can the Laminated glazings according to the invention the safety properties of laminated safety glass of the test classes Reach P2 or P3.

For the production of the laminates or laminated glasses according to the invention it is preferred that at least one of the PVB films has a tensile strength of at least 16 N / mm ² according to EN ISO 527/3, in particular from 16 to 30 N / mm ² , 16 to 25 N / mm ² or from 18 to 23 N / mm ² . The other film, preferred to the Rear cover adjacent foil, may have a lower strength. Both PVB films preferably have the same tensile strength, with particular preference the composition of both films being identical.

In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the laminate or the composite glazing has sound insulating properties in that at least one, preferably both, of the films has soundproofing properties. Soundproofing films based on PVB are z. In EP 1 118 258 B1 or EP 387 148 B1 , the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Soundproofing foils according to EP 1 118 258 B1 increase the sound insulation of a laminated safety glass at its coincidence frequency in the range of 1,000 to 3,500 Hz by at least 2 dB, measured in accordance with DIN EN ISO 717.

• – 50 bis 80 Gew.-% PVB (teilacetalisierter Polyvinylalkohol)
• – 20 bis 50 Gew.-% einer Weichmachermischung, enthaltend
• – 30 bis 70 Gew.-% (gerechnet als Anteil an der Weichmachermischung) eines oder mehrerer Polyalkylenglykole der Gruppe bestehend aus
• – Polyalkylenglykolen der allgemeinen Formel HO-(R-O)_n-H mit R = Alkylen und n > 5
• – Derivate von Polyalkylenglykolen der allgemeinen Formel R₁-O-(R₂-O)_n-H mit R₂ = Alkylen und n > 2, bei denen der Wasserstoff von einer der beiden terminalen Hydroxygruppen des Polyalkylenglykols mit einem organischen Rest R₁ verknüpft ist
• – Derivate von Polyalkylenglykolen der allgemeinen Formel R₁-O-(R₂-O)_n-R₃ mit R₂ = Alkylen und n > 5, bei denen der Wasserstoff von beiden terminalen Hydroxygruppen des Polyalkylenglykols mit einem organischen Rest R₁ bzw. R₃ verknüpft ist.
• – 70 bis 30 Gew.-% (gerechnet als Anteil an der Weichmachermischung) eines oder mehrerer Standardweichmacher wie Di-n-hexyladipat (DHA), Triethylenglycol bis-n-heptanoat (3G7) oder Triethylenglycol-bis-n-octanoat (3G8).

Suitable sound-insulating films contain according to EP 1118258 B1 :

• 50 to 80% by weight of PVB (partially acetalated polyvinyl alcohol)
• - 20 to 50 wt .-% of a plasticizer mixture containing
• - 30 to 70 wt .-% (calculated as a proportion of the plasticizer mixture) of one or more polyalkylene glycols of the group consisting of
• - Polyalkylene glycols of the general formula HO- (RO) _n -H with R = alkylene and n> 5
• - Derivatives of polyalkylene glycols of the general formula R ₁ -O- (R ₂ -O) _n -H with R ₂ = alkylene and n> 2, in which the hydrogen of one of the two terminal hydroxy groups of the polyalkylene glycol with an organic radical R ₁ linked is
• Derivatives of polyalkylene glycols of the general formula R ₁ -O- (R ₂ -O) _n -R ₃ with R ₂ = alkylene and n> 5, in which the hydrogen of both terminal hydroxy groups of the polyalkylene glycol with an organic radical R ₁ or R _{3 is} linked.
• From 70 to 30% by weight (calculated as the proportion of the plasticizer mixture) of one or more standard plasticizers such as di-n-hexyl adipate (DHA), triethylene glycol bis-n-heptanoate (3G7) or triethylene glycol bis-n-octanoate (3G8) ,

standard films without special soundproofing properties usually included 3G8, if necessary in conjunction with a co-plasticizer.

The can be used according to the invention PVB films should be the electroluminescent materials and their enclosing electrical leads bubble-free and non-positively; simultaneously is one possible low overall thickness of the laminates required. For this purpose, it is expedient that under the production conditions at least one PVB film inserted Electroluminescent materials "evades", i.e. under laminating conditions a certain fluidity having.

Softer, ie flowable films naturally have a lower tensile strength, but are easier to work with. To set the desired safety properties, ensure that the film has sufficient tear resistance. Suitable PVB films therefore preferably have one of the following melt flow indices according to DIN 53735 (with 2 mm nozzle): Load / temperature Melt flow index [g / 10 min] 2.16 kg / 150 ° C 15 to 40, preferably 20 to 35 2.16 kg / 120 ° C 0.5 to 5, preferably 1 to 4 2.16 kg / 100 ° C 0.1 to 1, preferably 0.2 to 0.6

PVB films fill with the mentioned melt flow indices during the lamination process at the electroluminescent units or their electrical Compounds existing cavities out. Furthermore, the PVB films fuse bubbles ← and seamlessly with each other, so as to obtain a visually impeccable product becomes.

The electroluminescent according to the invention laminated glass demonstrate the safety features of laminated safety glass on, i. good penetration properties and splinter binding.

The Safety properties of a composite of glass and PVB film are known to depend on the Adhesive force between foil and glass. The adhesive power should be so high be that sticking in the mechanical destruction of the glass the glass fragments guaranteed on the slide and sharp-edged pieces of glass can not come off.

The adhesion of PVB films to glass can be improved by the addition of adhesion regulators such as z. B. the in WO 03/033583 A1 disclosed alkali and / or alkaline earth metal salts of organic acids can be adjusted. Be particularly suitable potassium acetate and / or magnesium acetate have been found. In order to obtain a high adhesion to glass, it may be necessary to use PVB films without the addition of adhesion regulators such as alkali metal salts and / or alkaline earth metal salts.

These Safety properties are determined by the adhesive properties The adhesive films are determined on glass and can by measuring their Compression shear adhesion to glass can be described.

at The measurement of film adhesion to glass surfaces are the different surface properties (so-called tin side to air side of the glass) of flat glass to note. The information on the compression shear adhesion to air / air or tin / tin glass surfaces relate on appropriately constructed laminates.

The determination of the compression shear adhesion is based on the in EP 0 067 022 respectively. DE 197 56 274 A1 A1 mentioned methods on a glass / glass laminate without pickled electroluminescent material.

PVB films suitable for use in composite glazings according to the invention preferably have a compression shear adhesion to air / air glass surfaces of 10-30 N / mm ² , preferably 15-25 N / mm ² and in particular 15-20 N / mm ² . The compression shear adhesion of these films to glass surfaces with respect to the tin / tin sides of the glass is preferably 10-25 N / mm ² , preferably 15-20 N / mm ² .

Inventive electroluminescent Laminated glazings are preferred with a front and rear Glass sheet, e.g. made of float glass or fully or partially tempered Glass, each preferably with a thickness between 1 and 10 mm equipped. The Thickness of the PVB films is 0.38, 0.51, 0.76, 1.14 and / or 1.52 mm.

electroluminescent Materials are in a high-frequency alternating electric field operated, which in the closer Environment can radiate. To largely suppress this Fields can metal coated glasses (IR-protection glasses) be used.

In 1 the structure of a composite glazing according to the invention is outlined. Here are G for the glass (front) and R for the rear cover. The electroluminescent materials E are encapsulated by fused PVB films F.

It is possible, the front glass panel to increase safety as laminated safety glass d. H. again as a laminate from at least two glass panes and at least one PVB film perform.

The rear cover The composite glazing can be made of glass, plastic or metal. Because the electroluminescent layers only light from one side leave, this side must be covered with a glass. It is also possible Such a cover made of glass as a composite glazing or as double glazing to perform with a gas gap. Of course The combination of these measures is also possible.

The electrical connections of the electroluminescent layers to each other or the power supply are preferably not performed by drilling through the front or back. Conveniently, the required interconnects such as the electroluminescent layers themselves are laid between the adhesive films and thus led out of the laminated glass. 2 shows such a structure, where E stands for the electroluminescent layers or modules, L for the interconnects between these units and P1 and P2 for the current-carrying conductor.

The inventive method for producing the electroluminescent laminated glasses preferably done so that a PVB film on the back cover placed and on this slide turn the electroluminescent Layers optionally arranged with the connecting tracks become. Subsequently The second PVB film and then the front glass pane is placed on top. The thus prepared composite body will be final under increased or reduced pressure and elevated Temperature processed into a laminate. In the composite according to the invention without rear cover this is simply omitted in the process described above.

For lamination of the laminate obtained in this way, the processes known to the person skilled in the art can be used be used with and without previous production of a pre-bond. For this purpose, so-called autoclave processes can be carried out at an elevated pressure of about 10 to 15 bar and temperatures of about 60-130 ° C, in particular 100-120 ° C for about 2 hours. Vacuum laminators, vacuum bag or vacuum ring method eg according to EP 1 235 683 B1 operate at about 200 mbar and 60-130 ° C, especially 100-120 ° C.

Inventive laminates are used for the production of laminated glass or laminated safety glass. Laminated glass according to the invention can be used as a façade component, ceiling, floor or wall component, billboard, for lighting escape routes, steps, traffic signs, LCD screens, Signs and as a deposit of semitransparent solar modules be used.

Example of electroluminescent laminated glass

It was a laminate of two TROSIFOL BG PVB adhesive films R20 with a thickness of 0.76 mm and an electroluminescent Layer of the type NG standard from Technobright S.l.r. the color turquoise-green merged. This laminate was coated with two sheets of glass (float glass, 3 mm) a pre-bond by means of vacuum process and subsequent autoclave process at about 120 ° C and 12 bar processed. The dimensions of the luminous film were 29.8 × 20.8 cm, the glasses 35.8 × 24.8 cm.

The Laminated glazing was bubble-free after the autoclave process and transparent; the luminescent film and its electrical connections were from the polymer film completely enclosed before. The luminosity and color of the film was through does not affect the lamination process.

The Compound glazing according to the invention had virtually the same safety properties (puncture test according to DIN EN 356) like a laminated glazing of the same construction without Bulbs on.

Claims (10)

An electroluminescent laminate comprising at least two layers of a thermoplastic adhesive film made of plasticized Polyvinyl acetal with at least one intermediate layer of a electroluminescent material. An electroluminescent laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive films made of plasticized Polyvinyl butyral exist. An electroluminescent laminate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electroluminescent layer in the adhesive sheets completely is embedded. An electroluminescent laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electroluminescent layer electrical conductor for power supply and the electrical Leader between the adhesive sheets are led out of the laminate. An electroluminescent laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the electroluminescent layer coated on one or both sides with a transparent polymer film is. An electroluminescent laminated glass comprising Laminate off a) a glass pane b) at least one layer made of an electroluminescent material sandwiched between two thermoplastic Adhesive sheets of plasticized polyvinyl acetal is arranged and c) a rear cover. Electroluminescent laminated glass according to claim 6, characterized in that the rear cover made of glass, plastic, Metal, a composite glazing, and / or an insulating glazing consists. An electroluminescent composite comprising a laminate out a) a glass pane b) a thermoplastic adhesive film of plasticized polyvinyl acetal and c) a layer made of an electroluminescent material, the two sides with a coated transparent polymer film. Process for the preparation of an electroluminescent Laminated glass, by providing a body a) a glass pane as front side b) at least one layer of an electroluminescent Material between two thermoplastic adhesive films made of plasticized Polyvinyl acetal is arranged and c) a rear cover and d) laminating the body under increased or reduced pressure and a temperature of 60 to 130 ° C. Use of electroluminescent laminated glass according to one of the claims 6 to 8 as a facade component, ceiling floor or wall component, billboard, for lighting escape routes, steps, traffic signs, LCD screens, Signs and deposit of semi-transparent Solar modules.