DE102006036604A1 - Wireless data transmission for use in e.g. home automation, involves switching preset time frame between given transmission channels in frequency jump process, and synchronizing process by using beacon-sequence-number contained in frames - Google Patents
Wireless data transmission for use in e.g. home automation, involves switching preset time frame between given transmission channels in frequency jump process, and synchronizing process by using beacon-sequence-number contained in frames Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102006036604A1 DE102006036604A1 DE102006036604A DE102006036604A DE102006036604A1 DE 102006036604 A1 DE102006036604 A1 DE 102006036604A1 DE 102006036604 A DE102006036604 A DE 102006036604A DE 102006036604 A DE102006036604 A DE 102006036604A DE 102006036604 A1 DE102006036604 A1 DE 102006036604A1
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- Prior art keywords
- superframe
- beacon
- duration
- slot
- time frame
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/02—Channels characterised by the type of signal
- H04L5/023—Multiplexing of multicarrier modulation signals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
- H04B1/7156—Arrangements for sequence synchronisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/403—Bus networks with centralised control, e.g. polling
- H04L12/4035—Bus networks with centralised control, e.g. polling in which slots of a TDMA packet structure are assigned based on a contention resolution carried out at a master unit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
- H04W52/0216—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
- H04L2012/284—Home automation networks characterised by the type of medium used
- H04L2012/2841—Wireless
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur drahtlosen Übertragung von Daten nach dem Standard IEEE 802.15.4 in einer durch Beacons begrenzten Superframe-Struktur.The The invention relates to a method for the wireless transmission of data after Standard IEEE 802.15.4 in a beacon-limited superframe structure.
Zur drahtlosen Übertragung von Daten in der industriellen Automatisierungstechnik, der Heim- und Gebäudeautomatisierung und in vielen anderen Anwendungen sind auf dem Standard IEEE 802.15.4 basierende Funknetzwerke wegen ihrer Einfachheit, Energieeffizienz und Kostengünstigkeit sehr attraktiv. Auf diesem Standard baut z. B. auch das ZigBee-Protokoll der ZigBee Alliance auf, einer weltweiten Vereinigung von Firmen, die zusammenarbeiten um zuverlässige, kostengünstige und kabellos vernetzte Überwachungs- und Steuerungsprodukte zu entwickeln, die auf einem internationalen und offenen Standard basieren.to wireless transmission data in industrial automation technology, the home and building automation and in many other applications are based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard Wireless networks because of their simplicity, energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness very attractive. On this standard z. B. also the ZigBee protocol the ZigBee Alliance, a worldwide association of companies, who work together for reliable, inexpensive and wirelessly networked surveillance and to develop control products based on an international and open standard.
Der IEEE 802.15.4-Standard ist spezifiziert und in einer Vielzahl von Publikationen ausführlich beschrieben, weswegen die Details des Standards als bekannt vorausgesetzt und im Einzelnen hier nicht weiter erläutert werden. Beispielhaft sind folgende Publikationen genannt:
- Michael Bürge: "Standards drahtloser Übertragung: Von Bluetooth zu IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee", ETH Zürich – Departement Informatik, Seminar Verteilte Systeme zum Thema Smart Environments, SS 2004, am 14.07.2006 im Internet gefunden unter http://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/edu/SS2004/DS/reports/09 zigbee rep ort.pdf,
- Rudi Latuske: "ZigBee – Protokollsoftware und Entwicklungsumgebung", September 2004, am 14.07.2006 im Internet gefunden unter http://www.ars2000.com/ZigBee-White-Paper.pdf, oder
- Prof. Dr. Axel Sikora: "Short-Range Wireless Networking mit IEEE 802.15.4 und ZigBee: Möglichkeiten und Herausforderungen", Design & Elektronik Entwicklerforum, München 7.6.2004, am 14.07.2006 im Internet gefunden unter http://www.stzedn.de/uploads/media/stz zigbee de entwicklerforum 040706.pdf.
- Michael Bürge: "Wireless Transmission Standards: From Bluetooth to IEEE 802.15.4 / ZigBee", ETH Zurich - Department of Computer Science, Seminar on Distributed Systems on the topic of Smart Environments, SS 2004, found on 14.07.2006 on the Internet at http: // www. vs.inf.ethz.ch/edu/SS2004/DS/reports/09 zigbee rep ort.pdf,
- Rudi Latuske: "ZigBee - Protocol Software and Development Environment", September 2004, on July 14, 2006 on the Internet at http://www.ars2000.com/ZigBee-White-Paper.pdf, or
- Prof. Dr. Axel Sikora: "Short-Range Wireless Networking with IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee: Possibilities and Challenges", Design & Elektronik Entwicklerforum, Munich 7.6.2004, on 14.07.2006 found on the Internet at http://www.stzedn.de/ uploads / media / stz zigbee de developer forum 040706.pdf.
Der Standard IEEE 802.15.4 sieht zur Übertragung der Daten nur einen Übertragungskanal vor, der von dem Netzwerkkoordinator festgelegt wird. Alle anderen Netzwerkknoten finden in einem Suchprozess den Netzwerkkoordinator, indem sie in den im Rahmen des Standards IEEE 802.15.4 verfügbaren Übertragungskanälen nach periodischen Beacons des Netzwerkkoordinators suchen (passive scanning) oder diese anfordern (active scanning). Ist der Netzwerkkoordinator gefunden, wird die Übertragung der Daten auf dem betreffenden Übertragungskanal auf genommen.Of the Standard IEEE 802.15.4 provides for the transmission of data only one transmission channel which is determined by the network coordinator. All other Network nodes find the network coordinator in a search process, by submitting in the transmission channels available under the IEEE 802.15.4 standard search periodic beacons of the network coordinator (passive scanning) or request them (active scanning). Is the network coordinator found, the transfer is the data on the relevant transmission channel taken up.
Funknetzwerke in industriellen Anwendungen haben besondere Anforderungen bezüglich ihrer Robustheit gegenüber Störungen. Das Frequenzsprungverfahren (frequency hopping) ist eine bekannte, beispielsweise bei dem Standard Bluetooth verwendete, Methode, um die Anfälligkeit gegen schmalbandige Störungen zu verringern. Dabei wird während der Datenübertragung nach einem vorgegebenen Muster der Übertragungskanal gewechselt. Dieser Mechanismus ist jedoch bei dem Standard IEEE 802.15.4 nicht vorgesehen. Wohl ist es aber möglich, den Übertragungskanal von außen zu wechseln. Die Funkschnittstelle des Standards IEEE 802.15.4 bietet insgesamt 27 Übertragungskanäle in drei verschiedenen Frequenzbändern.Wireless Networks in industrial applications have special requirements regarding their robustness across from Disorders. Frequency hopping is a well-known, For example, in the standard bluetooth method used to the vulnerability against narrowband interference to reduce. It will be during the data transmission changed according to a predetermined pattern of the transmission channel. This Mechanism, however, is not provided for in the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. But it is possible the transmission channel from the outside switch. The radio interface of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard offers a total of 27 transmission channels in three different frequency bands.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Störsicherheit von auf dem Standard IEEE 802.15.4 basierenden Funknetzwerken zu erhöhen.Of the Invention is based on the object, the noise immunity of the standard IEEE 802.15.4 based wireless networks.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass bei dem Verfahren der eingangs angegebenen Art in einem Frequenzsprungverfahren für aufeinanderfolgende vorgegebene Zeitrah men zwischen vorgegebenen Übertragungskanälen umgeschaltet wird, wobei
- – als Zeitrahmen die Superframe-Dauer (Superframe Duration), die Superframe-Slot-Dauer (Superframe Slot Duration) oder die Base-Slot-Dauer (Base Slot Duration) vorgegeben sind,
- – die Anwendung des Frequenzsprungverfahrens in der Superframe-Spezifikation (Superframe Specification) des Beacon-Frames indiziert ist und
- – das Frequenzsprungverfahren mittels der in dem Beacon-Frame enthaltenen Beacon Sequence Number und bei Verwendung der Superframe-Slot-Dauer oder Base-Slot-Dauer als Zeitrahmen zusätzlich mittels der Superframe Slot Number synchronisiert wird.
- The time frames are the superframe duration, the superframe slot duration or the base slot duration,
- The application of the frequency hopping method is indicated in the superframe specification of the beacon frame and
- - The frequency hopping method is synchronized by means of the beacon sequence number contained in the beacon frame and when using the superframe slot duration or base slot duration as a time frame additionally by means of the superframe slot number.
Die Funkschnittstelle des Standards IEEE 802.15.4 bietet insgesamt 27 Übertragungskanäle in drei verschiedenen Frequenzbändern, wobei im 2,4 GHz-Band 16 Kanäle und im 915 MHz-Band 10 Kanäle zur Verfügung stehen und das 868 MHz-Band nur einen Kanal zur Verfügung stellt. Das Verfahren ist daher nur für die Frequenzbänder 2,4 GHz und 915 MHz anwendbar.The The radio interface of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard offers a total of 27 transmission channels in three different frequency bands, wherein in the 2.4 GHz band 16 channels and in the 915 MHz band 10 channels to disposal and the 868 MHz band provides only one channel. The procedure is therefore only for the frequency bands 2.4 GHz and 915 MHz applicable.
Die für das Frequenzsprungverfahren verwendeten Übertragungskanäle können in vorteilhafter Weise in einer Bitmaske in dem Beacon-Frame markiert sein, wobei der jeweils aktuelle Übertragungskanal anhand der Bitmaske und der Beacon Sequence Number und bei Verwendung der Superframe-Slot-Dauer oder Base-Slot-Dauer als Zeitrahmen zusätzlich anhand der Superframe Slot Number ermittelt wird. Die Bitmaske erweist sich von Vorteil, wenn nicht alle verfügbaren Übertragungskanäle für das Frequenzsprungverfahren infrage kommen, beispielsweise, wenn der Netzwerkkoordinator feststellt, dass sich in der Vergangenheit bestimmte Übertragungskanäle als ungeeignet erwiesen haben, oder bekannt ist, dass bestimmte Übertragungskanäle schon durch andere Kommunikationsnetzwerke, etwa WLAN, belegt sind.The transmission channels used for the frequency hopping method may advantageously be marked in a bit mask in the beacon frame, the current transmission channel being based on the bit mask and the beacon sequence number and using the superframe slot duration or base slot duration as Time frame is additionally determined on the basis of the Superframe Slot Number. The bitmask proves advantageous if not all available transmission channels for the frequency hopping scheme may be considered, for example, when the network coordinator determines that certain transmission channels have proven inappropriate in the past, or it is known that certain transmission channels are already occupied by other communication networks, such as WLAN.
Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird im Folgenden auf die Figuren der Zeichnung Bezug genommen; im Einzelnen zeigen:to further explanation The invention will be referred to below with reference to the figures of the drawing; in detail show:
Die
Topologie des ZigBee-Netzwerks kann, wie in
Bei
einem beacon-enabled Netzwerk erfolgt der Medienzugriff unter Verwendung
einer Superframe-Struktur, wie sie in
Die
Länge des
Beacon-Intervalls BI und die Superframe-Dauer (Superframe Duration)
SD sind definiert mit:
BI = aBaseSuperframeDuration·2 exp(BO)
und
SD = aBaseSuperframeDuration·2 exp(SO), mit
aBaseSuperframeDuration
= aNumSuperframeSlots·aBaseSlotDuration,
aNumSuperframeSlots
= 16,
aBaseSlotDuration = 60 Symbols,
0 ≤ BO (Beacon
Order) ≤ 14,
SO
(Superframe Order) ≤ BO.The length of the beacon interval BI and the superframe duration SD are defined as:
BI = aBaseSuperframeDuration · 2 exp (BO) and
SD = aBaseSuperframeDuration · 2 exp (SO), with
aBaseSuperframeDuration = aNumSuperframeSlots · aBaseSlotDuration,
aNumSuperframeSlots = 16,
aBaseSlotDuration = 60 symbols,
0 ≤ BO (Beacon Order) ≤ 14,
SO (Superframe Order) ≤ BO.
Die
Superframe-Slot-Dauer ergibt sich zu:
Superframe Slot Duration
= aBaseSlotDuration·2 exp(SO).The superframe slot duration results in:
Superframe Slot Duration = aBaseSlotDuration · 2 exp (SO).
Für 2,4 GHz
setzt der Standard IEEE 802.15.4 eine Symbol-Rate von 62,2 kSymbols/s
und damit eine Symboldauer von 16 μs fest, so dass sich folgende
Werte bzw. Wertebereiche ergeben:
15 ms ≤ BI ≤ 246 s,
15 ms ≤ SD ≤ 246 s,
aBaseSuperframeDuration
= 15 ms,
aBaseSlotDuration = 0,96 ms.
0,96 ms ≤ Superframe
Slot Duration ≤ 15
s.For 2.4 GHz, the IEEE 802.15.4 standard sets a symbol rate of 62.2 kSymbols / s and thus a symbol duration of 16 μs, resulting in the following values or value ranges:
15 ms ≤ BI ≤ 246 s,
15 ms ≤ SD ≤ 246 s,
aBaseSuperframeDuration = 15 ms,
aBaseSlotDuration = 0.96 ms.
0.96 ms ≤ superframe slot Duration ≤ 15 s.
Entsprechend der Erfindung wird in einem Frequenzsprungverfahren zwischen vorgegebenen Übertragungskanälen umgeschaltet wird, wobei der Kanalwechsel entweder für jeden neuen Superframe-Dauer, jeden neuen Superframe-Slot oder für jeden neuen Base Slot erfolgt. Das heißt, dass jeder Übertragungskanal für die Superframe-Dauer (15 ms bis 246 s), die Superframe-Slot-Dauer (0,96 ms bis 15 s) oder die Base-Slot-Dauer (0,96 ms) zur Datenübertragung benutzt wird, bevor auf den nächsten Übertragungskanal gewechselt wird.Corresponding The invention is switched in a frequency hopping between predetermined transmission channels with the channel change either for each new superframe duration, every new superframe slot or every new base slot. This means, that every transmission channel for the Superframe duration (15 ms to 246 s), the superframe slot duration (0.96 ms to 15 s) or the base slot duration (0.96 ms) for data transmission is used before on the next transmission channel is changed.
Wie
Claims (2)
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DE102006036604A DE102006036604A1 (en) | 2006-08-04 | 2006-08-04 | Wireless data transmission for use in e.g. home automation, involves switching preset time frame between given transmission channels in frequency jump process, and synchronizing process by using beacon-sequence-number contained in frames |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102006036604A DE102006036604A1 (en) | 2006-08-04 | 2006-08-04 | Wireless data transmission for use in e.g. home automation, involves switching preset time frame between given transmission channels in frequency jump process, and synchronizing process by using beacon-sequence-number contained in frames |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102006036604A1 true DE102006036604A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
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ID=38536914
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DE102006036604A Withdrawn DE102006036604A1 (en) | 2006-08-04 | 2006-08-04 | Wireless data transmission for use in e.g. home automation, involves switching preset time frame between given transmission channels in frequency jump process, and synchronizing process by using beacon-sequence-number contained in frames |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008003574A1 (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2009-07-16 | Endress + Hauser Process Solutions Ag | Method for integrating a field device in a network of process automation technology |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005010214A2 (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2005-02-03 | Sensicast Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for communication in a mesh-type wireless sensor network |
-
2006
- 2006-08-04 DE DE102006036604A patent/DE102006036604A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005010214A2 (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2005-02-03 | Sensicast Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for communication in a mesh-type wireless sensor network |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
CONANT,Rob: Wireless sensor networks: Driving the New Industrial Revolution. Industrial Embedded Systems, Frühjahr/Sommer 2006, S.1-4 * |
DUST NETWORKS [Hrsg.]: Technical Overview of Time Synchronized Mesh Protocol (TSMP). [online], [re- cherchiert am 7.5.07], Juni 2006, S.1-18. In: Internet <www.dust-Inc.com> |
DUST NETWORKS [Hrsg.]: Technical Overview of Time Synchronized Mesh Protocol (TSMP). [online], [recherchiert am 7.5.07], Juni 2006, S.1-18. In: Internet <www.dust-Inc.com> * |
WERB,Jay, NEWMAN,Michael, BERRY,Victor, [u.a.]: Improved Quality of Service in IEEE 802.15.4 Mesh Networks. International Workshop on Wireless and Industrial Automation, San Francisco, 7.3.2005, S.1-6 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008003574A1 (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2009-07-16 | Endress + Hauser Process Solutions Ag | Method for integrating a field device in a network of process automation technology |
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