DE102006026303A1 - Implant measuring body, has thicker end piece designed in form of implant with respect to transcendency of thread pitch during screw-shaped execution of implant, and another end piece exhibiting smaller diameter than that of implant - Google Patents

Abstract

The measuring body has a thicker end piece (4) designed in a form of an implant with respect to transcendency of a thread pitch during screw-shaped execution of the implant. Another end piece (1) exhibits a smaller diameter than that of the implant, where the end piece (1) is formed in a pin-shape. Two measuring instruments are designed as longitudinal scalings (5, 6). A cross hole (3) is provided in a spacer (2) between the end pieces.

Description

The The invention relates to an implant measuring body for an implant, wherein the measuring body two tails and at least one measuring device.

Such a measuring body is from the EP 0 879 583 B1 according to the DE 693 32 194 T2 (AstraZeneck AB).

By The loss of one or more teeth may cause the purchase of the tooth Part significantly impaired be, so that the preparation of dentures is necessary. In many of these cases It may be useful to have missing teeth due to artificial tooth roots, so-called (Tooth) Implants must be replaced according to the axis and position. On this artificial tooth roots, the implants, will be later the dentures attached. In the planning and later insertion operation Implants is the surgeon through anatomically given structures (Extent of existing bone, positional relationship to endangered neighboring structures, such as. Nerves, blood vessels, roots of remaining neighboring teeth, Antrum, Nasal cavity) to precision regarding the position and dimension of the implant (s) held. The surgical procedure of implantation occurs on it, the cavity for the Position the implant to be placed in the jawbone such that none of these structures are violated. Also static and aesthetic reasons require accurate planning and following exact positioning of the implants in the bone for a later one harmonious interaction with the dentures.

Basically Two procedures for preparing a cavity for the implant conceivable in the bone: in the open procedure, the Bone-covering periosteum and the mucosa covering it severed and moved to the side. The bone is during the Preparation of the cavity visible, noticeable. On the other hand, a closed procedure is possible. Here be all measures performed without a view of the bone through a small opening in the mucosa.

to Prepare to incorporate implants in cooking tissue Different surgical instruments used to create a cavity in the bone for the Prepare the implant. As a rule, these are drills. Unlike a hole in a hole can be in the presence of a very soft bone after making a pilot hole also with hand instruments As the diameter increases, the cavity in the bone is modeled. But at the end of this alternative path there is another hole in that the implant is used.

Of the Dimensioning and the three-dimensional orientation of this cavity comes So the central importance of the entire implantation process to.

Around to reach the final diameter and depth of the well, Different drill diameters are used consecutively. Frequently becomes with a starting diameter (e.g., 2.0 or 2.3 mm) at working depth (e.g., 13.0 mm) in the bone. In the following steps then this diameter is extended to the final diameter. at hard bone qualities can after performing The final hole will be a thread cut into the bone. In principle, other diameters and lengths - depending on the surgical field - conceivable.

The Implant will not be sterile until immediately before insertion Umverpackung taken and should then without saliva, soft tissue, Gloves, instruments of other materials, etc. come to be used directly in the bone. So it's important to have prepared the dimensioning of the hole so that if possible perfectly fits the implant.

Also outside the oral cavity implants are used, e.g. after accidents or tumor surgery restore missing games. For example, artificial ears, so-called Epitheses, can be fixed with implants. The dimensioning of these implants can be from those in the oral cavity used differ. The surgical procedure of implantation - as above described - remains but in principle comparable.

• 1. Mit einer Vorrichtung wird lediglich die Tiefe der vorzunehmenden Bohrung in den Kieferknochen bestimmt, nicht der Durchmesser ( EP 0 879 583 B1 , G 87 16 415.9 ).
• 2. Der Durchmesser von vorhandenen Vorrichtungen entspricht nicht genau dem tatsächlichen Durchmesser des Implantates (abzüglich der Erhabenheit der Gewindegänge), sondern einem Durchmesser eines Bohrers einer Zwischengröße.
• 3. Bei manchen Implantatsystemen übernehmen die mit Skalierungen versehenen Bohrer die Funktion einer Messeinrichtung zur Bestimmung der Tiefe und des Durchmessers der Knochenkavität. Spiralbohrer benötigen zu ihrer Funktion eine scharfe Spitze. Die Silhouette der Implantate an der Spitze ist aber rund. Bei Verwendung von Spiralbohrern muss das Bohrloch also immer tiefer angefertigt werden, als das Implantat lang ist. In anatomisch kritischen Fällen wird das Implantat bis sehr nahe an gefährdete Strukturen platziert. Eine häufige Überprüfung der Bohrung ist daher notwendig, die mit einem Spiralbohrer nicht derart präzise erfolgen kann. Seine originäre Aufgabe ist ja auch eine andere. Durch Abnutzungserscheinungen an den Schneideflächen der Spitze nimmt minimal die Länge des Bohrers ab. Auch dies führt zur verminderten Präzision. Abschließend kann bezweifelt werden, ob vor dem Hintergrund moderner Medizinproduktegesetze Instrumente zweckentfremdet werden dürfen.
• 4. Im weichem knöchernen Lager wird die Kavität zur Aufnahme des Implantates nicht mit Hilfe von Bohrern, sondern mit Handinstrumenten aufsteigenden Durchmessers durch Verdichtung des umgebenden Knochens angefertigt. Die Überprüfung der finalen Kavität hinsichtlich ihrer Tiefe, ihres Durchmessers und ihrer dreidimensionalen Ausrichtung kann präzise weder mit einer Tiefenlehre vermindertem Durchmessers, noch mit einem skalierten Spiralbohrer erfolgen. Der Spiralbohrer stößt – bedingt durch seine Spitze – schon verfrüht an die tiefste Stelle der Kavität und suggeriert eine zu flache Kavität.
• 5. Skalierte Bohrer sind aufgrund Ihres hohen Preises nur in der zur Bohrung erforderlichen Anzahl im Implantatset, nicht in der zu Messzwecken erforderlichen. Außerdem bestehen die oben beschriebenen Nachteile.
• 6. Umständliche und komplizierte Formen erfordern aufwendige und somit teure Sterilisationsvorgänge.

There are a variety of implant systems on the market. All systems are intended to allow the introduction of implants in bone tissue. Among the tools should be a measuring device to determine the orientation and depth of the borehole. In the known measuring devices, in contrast to the present invention, the following disadvantages or problems occur:

• 1. With a device, only the depth of the hole to be made in the jaw bone is determined, not the diameter ( EP 0 879 583 B1 . G 87 16 415.9 ).
• 2. The diameter of existing devices does not correspond exactly to the actual diameter of the implant (minus the grandeur of the threads), but to a diameter of a drill of an intermediate size.
• 3. In some implant systems, the scaled drills function as a measuring device to determine the depth and diameter of the bone crest tivity. Twist drills require a sharp tip for their function. The silhouette of the implants at the top is round. When using twist drills, the hole must therefore be made deeper and deeper than the implant is long. In anatomically critical cases, the implant is placed very close to endangered structures. A frequent check of the bore is therefore necessary, which can not be done so precisely with a twist drill. His original task is another. By wear on the cutting surfaces of the tip minimally decreases the length of the drill. This also leads to reduced precision. Finally, it is doubtful whether instruments may be misappropriated against the background of modern medical device laws.
• 4. In the soft bony bearing, the cavity for receiving the implant is not made by means of drills, but with hand instruments of ascending diameter by compaction of the surrounding bone. Verification of the final cavity in terms of its depth, diameter and three-dimensional orientation can not be done accurately with either a reduced diameter or a scaled twist drill. Due to its tip, the twist drill hits the deepest point of the cavity prematurely and suggests a cavity that is too shallow.
• 5. Scaled drills are due to their high price only in the number required for drilling in the implant set, not in the required for measuring purposes. In addition, there are the disadvantages described above.
• 6. Cumbersome and complicated forms require expensive and therefore expensive sterilization processes.

On The market currently has implants from cylindrical and conical (root analog) type available. The choice of a type follows different parameters, here not closer explained should be. The procedure for positioning and dimensioning but is basically analog.

Become two or more implants are placed side by side in the bone, the distance between them is important. Depending on the location in the oral cavity are the distances of the implants - depending on the size of the replacing tooth - bigger or smaller.

Of the Invention is therefore the object of an implant measuring body of to create the type mentioned above, with the several parameters, namely the Depth of the cavity, their shape and diameter and finally the three-dimensional orientation the cavity measured and assessed. The combination of different measurement functions is the Implant system can be streamlined so that different Instruments with individual functions can be dispensed with. Of the implant graft body according to the invention be of simple design. This is against the background of the risk rating important in the sense of the Medical Device Operator Ordinance. Elaborate and thus expensive sterilization processes are not required for a simple design.

Especially should with the implant measuring body according to the invention the Final dimensioning immediately before inserting the implant precise can be assessed. The need to use the implant body itself the depth and the Diameter of the bore just prior to final implant insertion to check in the bones, deleted. Just This, very important step should be possible with the measuring body according to the invention.

These Task is at the measuring body of the aforementioned type according to the invention solved in that the thicker tail the shape of the implant is less the grandeur of the threads with helical design of the implant, and the other end a smaller diameter as the implant has and the measuring body at least two measuring devices having.

Preferably are the measuring devices as length scales educated. It is also proposed that both end pieces a Length Scale exhibit.

at the introduction of two or more cavities in an operating session are in the appropriate number implant graft body in the sense of the present invention.

at the first or the first implant holes, the implant measuring body with his thinner Diameter inserted into the pilot hole. By extension the axis alignment of the borehole is visualized.

at several implants for replacement of two or more teeth can accordingly several Implant measuring body used for the three-dimensional alignment of several holes to judge each other.

The Final dimensioning immediately before insertion of the implant can precise be assessed. The need to work with the implant body itself Depth and diameter of the hole immediately before the definitive It is not necessary to check the implant insertion into the bone. The present invention allows just this, very important step.

Boxes with Some tools for implant placement have some considerable extent of various parts. A combination tool, as the present invention provides, offers the advantage of Rationalization of the implantation process.

Preferably points the measuring body a continuous transverse bore. Through this hole can a Thread to be pulled to secure the measuring body against Ingestion or inhalation is used. In particular, it is suggested that the transverse bore provided in an intermediate piece between the end pieces is so that the same fuse can be used regardless of which of the two end pieces in the cavity rests.

Farther it is suggested that the measuring body is a rectilinear shape having. This serves for a simplification of the design and allows for others the multiple functions of this measuring body, in particular the assessment the three-dimensional orientation of the cavity.

The The invention further relates to an implant system with one or several implants with a cylindrical design and with one or more several specific diameters, with at least one drill for the bores and preferably at least one drill for the final bore and with at least a measuring body with the above-mentioned inventive features. The above inventive task is achieved in this implant system in that for each diameter at least a measuring body is provided, the thicker tail of the same diameter as the implant minus the grandeur of the threads has and its thinner tail the same Diameter as one of the drills for the pre-drilling has.

The Invention also relates also an implant system with one or more implants of the conical type and with one or more specific conical Forms the thicker tail, with at least one drill for the bores and preferably at least one drill for the final Bore and with at least one measuring body with the above inventive features. The above object of the invention is solved in this implant system in that for each conical shape and length of the thicker tail at least one measuring body is provided, the thicker tail according to the outline shape of the implant is formed and its thinner end piece the same Diameter as one of the drills for the pre-drilling has.

In order to additionally or as a separate measurement of the distance of the implant bore to the next Bore can be determined in a simple and fast way proposed that a measuring device for determining the horizontal Distance from implant holes is provided. The measuring device can be solvable Part be formed on the implant measuring body under tension is plugged. In this case, the measuring device with the larger opening on the thicker tail and the measuring device with the smaller opening attached to the thinner end piece become. Alternatively, it is also possible, this measuring device as a fixedly connected to the implant measuring body form component. A different length the measuring device is depending on the type of tooth and distance of the teeth also possible and advantageous.

Therefore It is proposed that the measuring device be detachable or unsolvable one or the other tail attached or attachable and is from this tail after Outside extends. Preferably, the measuring device is designed as a flat scale carrier, which carries a scaling on one or preferably on both sides.

in the Below is an embodiment of the Invention described in more detail with reference to drawings.

• 1. Überprüfung der Tiefe der Kavität bei der ersten oder eine der ersten Bohrungen im Knochen.
• 2. Überprüfung der Kavität im Knochen hinsichtlich ihrer dreidimensionalen Ausrichtung bei der ersten oder einer der ersten Bohrungen.
• 3. Überprüfung der finalen Tiefe und des finalen Durchmessers der Kavität unmittelbar vor Einbringung des Implantates in den Knochen.
• 4. Überprüfung der Kavität im Knochen hinsichtlich ihrer dreidimensionalen Ausrichtung bei der finalen Bohrung.
• 5. Messung der Schleimhautdicke zur Ermittelung der Dimension eines Implantatabutments bei geschlossener Vorgehensweise.
• 6. Überprüfung und Findung des Abstandes der Implantatbohrungen bei zwei oder mehr Implantaten nebeneinander.

In the present invention is a combined measuring device, with the help of which the following parameters can be checked during the process of implantation in bone tissue:

• 1. Check the depth of the cavity at the first or one of the first holes in the bone.
• 2. Check the cavity in the bone for its three-dimensional orientation at the first or one of the first holes.
• 3. Check the final depth and the final diameter of the cavity immediately before placing the implant in the bone.
• 4. Check the cavity in the bone for its three-dimensional orientation at the final drilling.
• 5. Measurement of mucosal thickness to determine the dimension of an implant abutment with closed procedure.
• 6. Checking and finding the distance of the implant drillings with two or more implants next to each other.

1 shows the implant measuring body in the three-dimensional view.

2 shows in the three-dimensional representation of the implant measuring body with its small Diameter introduced into the pilot hole.

3 shows in the three-dimensional representation of the implant measuring body with its large diameter inserted into the final cavity.

4 shows a measuring flag attached to the body.

In All drawings have the same reference numerals and therefore may only be explained once.

The in 1 illustrated implant measuring body is divided into three functional elements. Overall, the device is rotationally symmetrical.

The thinner tail 1 has a diameter corresponding to the first or one of the first pilot holes. After completion of this pre-drilling, the implant measuring body with the tail 1 introduced into the bone cavity. The length of the tail 1 goes beyond the gauge length to allow the scale to be read. By looking out of the bone thicker tail 4 the axis alignment is visualized. By the on the tail 1 attached scaling 5 the depth of the hole can be checked. The division of the scaling (measuring rings) 5 corresponds to the presence of available implants. Alternatively, a universally usable division can be arranged at equal intervals. See also 2 ,

In the intermediate piece 2 there is a through hole 3 , This is used to hold a thread that can be used to secure the implant graft body against ingestion or aspiration (inhalation). The diameter of the intermediate piece 3 is dimensioned so that commercially available surgical sutures can be easily threaded and knotted even with a bent needle.

The tail 4 is the part of the implant measuring body with the larger diameter. This diameter corresponds to the diameter of the implant to be introduced. Implants for tapping without thread and implants with thread for screwing in are available. The thicker tail 4 has cylindrical implants for knocking the same diameter as the implant, and is strictly speaking slightly reduced diameter in order to remove the measuring body in a simple manner.

In the case of an implant with threads on its surface has the tail 4 the dimension of the implant to be inserted less the grandeur of the threads. On the tail 4 is also a scaling 6 appropriate to the lengths of the available implants. Alternatively, as with scaling 5 a universally usable division at equal intervals be appropriate. The length of the tail 4 goes beyond the gauge length to allow the scale to be read. The free end of the tail 4 In its shape corresponds exactly to the silhouette of the implant.

For cylindrical implants, the implant gage body can be used universally for all available lengths. For different implant diameters, a different implant measuring body is required, which again only in the thicker end piece 4 different. Overall, the tail corresponds 4 always the dimension of the implant to be used.

When Material for the body of the implant measuring body comes titanium, a titanium alloy, stainless steel medical Quality, Zirconium oxide ceramic, etc. in question. The scaling may e.g. etched, lasered, be worked as a recess.

at conical implants, each implant is assigned a measuring body.

Be the measuring flag 10 ( 4 ), a distance measurement of the holes for the later implants is possible.

The measuring flags 10 are provided in two diameters. The thin diameter is for attachment to the thin shaft of the body. Hereby, a distance determination is possible with performed final drilling of the first implant. The thicker diameter is intended for attachment to the thicker shaft of the body. Hereby, a distance determination is possible with performed pre-drilling for the first implant. The dimension of the measuring flag 10 even taking into account the larger later diameter of the primary bore.

After completion of the first implant bore, the implant measuring body is fitted with a measuring flag 10 placed in the cavity. The outer edge of the measuring flag 10 now serves as an orientation for guiding the pilot drill for the second implant bore.

Optional is a preparation of basic body with measuring flags in one piece - without the option of the attachable flag - thought.

The flag surface has a scaling on both sides 11 , A hole 3 to receive a standard surgical thread is used to protect the patient from ingestion or inhalation of the small Component.

1

thinner end piece (measuring part for the of bores)

2

connecting piece

3

drilling for receiving a security thread

4

thicker tail (Measuring part for the final boh

tion)

5

scaling of the measuring part for the bore

6

scaling of the measuring part for the final drilling

7

bone

8th

bone cavity

9

scale ring

10

Measuring flags

11

scaling on the measuring flag

Claims (14)

Implant measuring body for an implant, wherein the measuring body has two end pieces and at least one measuring device, characterized in that the thicker end piece ( 4 ) has the shape of the implant, minus the grandeur of the threads in helical design of the implant, and the other end piece ( 1 ) has a smaller diameter than the implant and the measuring body has at least two measuring devices. Measuring body according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring devices as length scales ( 5 . 6 ) are formed. Measuring body according to claim 2, characterized in that both end pieces ( 1 . 4 ) a length scaling ( 5 . 6 ) exhibit. measuring body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized that the measuring body has a linear shape and the end pieces are pin-shaped. measuring body according to claim 4, characterized in that the measuring body at the use of cylindrical implants at both ends has linear and preferably cylindrically symmetrical shape and both tails are shaped like a pin. measuring body according to claim 4, characterized in that the measuring body at the use of root-analogue / conical implants on both Ends has a linear shape, the tail of smaller diameter pin-shaped and preferably cylindrically symmetrical and the end with a larger diameter is shaped according to the outline shape of the implant. Measuring body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measuring body has a continuous transverse bore ( 3 ) having. Measuring body according to claim 7, characterized in that the transverse bore ( 3 ) in an intermediate piece ( 2 ) between the end pieces ( 1 . 4 ) is provided. measuring body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized that the measuring body has a rectilinear shape. Implant system with one or more implants of cylindrical design and with one or more specific diameters, with at least one drill for the bores and preferably at least one drill for the final bore and with at least one measuring body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for each diameter at least one measuring body is provided whose thicker end piece ( 4 ) has the same diameter as the implant minus the grandeur of the threads and the thinner end piece ( 1 ) has the same diameter as one of the drills for the pre-drilling. Implant system comprising one or more implants of the conical type and having one or more specific conical shapes of the thicker end piece, at least one drill for the bores and preferably at least one drill for the final bore and at least one measuring body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for each conical shape and length of the thicker end piece at least one measuring body is provided, whose thicker end piece ( 4 ) is shaped according to the contour of the implant and its thinner end piece ( 1 ) has the same diameter as one of the drills for the pre-drilling. Measuring body according to claim 1, characterized in that a measuring device ( 10 ) is provided for determining the horizontal distance of implant bores. Measuring body according to claim 12, characterized in that the measuring device ( 10 ) detachable or non-detachable on one or the other end piece ( 1 . 4 ) is attached or attachable and extends from this end piece to the outside. Measuring body according to claim 13, characterized in that the measuring device ( 10 ) is designed as a flat scale carrier on one or preferably scaling on both sides ( 11 ) wearing.