DE102006021946B4 - Machine tool for machining workpieces, in particular for grinding workpieces - Google Patents

Abstract

Machine tool for machining workpieces, comprising a first workpiece slide (2) with at least one clamping unit for clamping workpieces, wherein the first workpiece slide (2) can be moved at least in the direction of an X1 axis, a first tool slide (4) which can be moved at least in the direction a Y-axis running perpendicular to the X1-axis, and a second tool slide (7) which can be moved at least in the direction of the Y-axis, the first workpiece slide (2) between the first tool slide (4) and the second tool slide (7) and the first tool slide (4) can be moved in an X2 axis running parallel to the X1 axis and the second tool slide (5) can be moved in an X3 axis running parallel to the X1 axis, characterized by a third tool slide ( 7), which is arranged adjacent to the first tool carriage (4) on a common guide in the direction of the X2 axis.

Description

State of the art

The present invention relates to a machine tool for machining workpieces and in particular a machine tool for precision machining of workpieces, in particular for grinding and/or honing and/or turning according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Machine tools for fine machining of workpieces are known from the prior art in different configurations. Such machines usually include a stationary workpiece clamping device and a movable tool spindle. From the DE 197 16 243 A1 a machining system for machining workpieces is also known, in which several machining stations with different tools are arranged one after the other. A workpiece to be machined is machined by the first machining station and then moved to the next machining station, with the workpiece remaining clamped in the clamping device. In the next processing station there is further processing of the workpiece, which is then fed to a third processing station. In this way, the workpiece is successively machined by different tools in one setting until the machining is complete. However, due to the large number of tool stations arranged next to one another, this known machining system requires a great deal of space. Furthermore, a transport system is to be provided in order to transport the workpiece from one processing station to another. Therefore, this known processing system is very expensive. Furthermore, this machining system also has a long machining time for machining the workpiece, since the individual machining steps are carried out one after the other.

From the patent application DE 10 2004 050 199 A1 a machine tool is known which has a working space in which a plurality of workpiece carriers are designed to be movable independently of one another. In addition, several processing units are arranged in the work space, which in turn have tools for processing workpieces, which are clamped in the workpiece carriers. Each workpiece carrier comprises independent traversing devices that can be physically separated from one another and that allow the corresponding workpiece carrier to be traversed in a number of axes. In this case, respective traversing ranges overlap in an area in which a processing unit is arranged.

From the European patent application EP 0316742 A1 a machine for finishing workpieces is known. Here, the machine has revolving driven tools and controlled manipulators for holding and changing the position of the workpieces during their processing. The machine also has two tools arranged on axes spaced apart from one another. In the space between these tools there is a carrying device for the manipulators facing the tools. The manipulators each have a jointly controlled, synchronous drive for each workpiece movement they can carry out. In addition, the tools are adjustable towards and away from the manipulators.

Based on the prior art, a person skilled in the art is faced with the task of improving a machine tool.

This object is solved according to independent claim 1.

Advantages of the Invention

In contrast, the machine tool according to the invention for machining workpieces with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that it has a very compact structure. As a result, the space required for the machine tool according to the invention is very small. Furthermore, the machine tool according to the invention can, on the one hand, process several workpieces at the same time and also process workpieces from two sides at the same time. According to the invention, this is achieved in that the machine tool comprises a workpiece slide with a clamping device for clamping workpieces and a first and a second tool slide. The arrangement of the workpiece carriage and the tool carriage is such that the workpiece carriage is arranged between the first and the second tool carriage. This makes it possible according to the invention for workpieces to be machined from one side of the workpiece carriage using a tool arranged on the first tool carriage and to be machined on the other side of the workpiece carriage using a tool arranged on the second tool carriage. This allows simultaneous processing of two workpieces or processing of a workpiece from two sides. The first and second tool carriages and the workpiece carriage are arranged such that they can be moved in at least one axis. Thus, positioning movements and infeed movements can be carried out both by the tool carriage and by the workpiece carriage. This will increase the maximum Overall strokes of the individual slides are significantly reduced, since the movements are divided between the tool and the workpiece.

The dependent claims show preferred developments of the invention.

The workpiece carriage preferably includes a center clamping unit for clamping a workpiece in the center. In this case, the workpiece is clamped in a central area, so that one end of the workpiece is exposed on one or the opposite side of the workpiece carriage. As a result, the workpiece can now be machined from two sides by tools on the first tool slide or tools on the second tool slide.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the workpiece carriage comprises a first and a second clamping unit for clamping workpieces, the first and the second clamping unit being arranged on an axis in opposite directions. In this way, one workpiece can be clamped in one of the clamping units, so that two workpieces can be machined at the same time. Alternatively, the workpiece carriage comprises a first and a second clamping unit, which are arranged next to one another, so that the workpieces clamped therein are aligned to the same side. This means that the two clamped workpieces can be machined from the same side.

More preferably, the machine tool comprises a second workpiece carriage, which is also arranged next to the first workpiece carriage between the two tool carriages and is arranged parallel to the first workpiece carriage or on a common axis with the first workpiece carriage. This makes it possible to clamp additional workpieces on the second workpiece slide and to process them at the same time as the workpieces on the first workpiece slide.

The machine tool particularly preferably comprises a third tool carriage which is arranged adjacent to the first or second tool carriage and on which additional tools are arranged. This makes it possible, for example, to machine a workpiece simultaneously with tools that are arranged on two separate tool slides, or to machine several workpieces simultaneously from two different tool slides.

Alternatively, the machine tool comprises a third and a fourth tool carriage, the third tool carriage being arranged adjacent to the first tool carriage and the fourth tool carriage being arranged adjacent to the second tool carriage. As a result, the number of work pieces that can be machined can be further increased or the possibility of machining a work piece with a plurality of tools can be increased.

Particularly preferably, the workpiece slide and/or the tool slide can be moved in at least two axes, particularly preferably in three or more axes. As a result, any relative positions of the various carriages can be assumed in relation to one another, with the maximum travels of individual carriages being able to be minimized by dividing a maximum travel over a number of carriages.

At least two tool spindles or a tool station with a large number of tools are preferably arranged on the tool carriage and/or the workpiece carriage.

The two tool slides and the workpiece slide are each preferably arranged to be movable on axes, the axes being arranged parallel or at right angles to one another.

Particularly preferably, the tool spindles on a tool slide and/or the workpiece spindles on a workpiece slide each have a common drive and a common bearing. As a result, the installation space for the machine tool according to the invention can be further reduced and, in particular, the production costs can also be reduced.

The machine tool according to the invention is particularly preferably used for fine machining of workpieces, so that the tools arranged in the tool spindles preferably include fine machining tools, in particular grinding tools or honing tools. Since, according to the invention, several different tools can be arranged on a tool carriage, the clamped workpiece can be machined in one clamping from start to finish. As a result, the machining accuracy can be very high. Furthermore, the required processing time can be very short due to the processing of a workpiece simultaneously by several tools.

character list

• 1 eine schematische Ansicht einer Werkzeugmaschine gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
• 2 eine schematische Ansicht einer Werkzeugmaschine gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
• 3 eine schematische Ansicht einer Werkzeugmaschine gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung und
• 4 eine schematische Ansicht einer Werkzeugmaschine gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawing is:

• 1 a schematic view of a machine tool according to a first embodiment of the invention,
• 2 a schematic view of a machine tool according to a second embodiment of the invention,
• 3 a schematic view of a machine tool according to a third embodiment of the invention and
• 4 a schematic view of a machine tool according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.

Embodiments of the invention

Below, with reference to 1 a machine tool 1 is described according to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention. In the 1 machine tool shown is a grinding machine. The machine tool 1 comprises a first workpiece slide 2, on which a first clamping unit 2a and a second clamping unit 2b are arranged. The first workpiece slide 2 is arranged in a machine bed guide 9 and can be moved linearly in the direction of an axis X1. A first workpiece 3a is clamped in the first clamping unit 2a and a second workpiece 3b is clamped in the second clamping unit 2b. The machine tool 1 also includes a second workpiece slide 6, which also has a first clamping unit 6a and a second clamping unit 6b. A third workpiece 3c is clamped in the clamping unit 6a and a fourth workpiece 3d is clamped in the clamping unit 6b. The second workpiece carriage 6 is also arranged in the machine bed guide 9 so that it can be moved in the direction of the axis X1. The clamping units of the two workpiece slides 2 and 6 can be driven, with a drive and a bearing on a workpiece slide being provided for the two clamping units.

The machine tool 1 also includes four tool tables 4, 5, 7 and 8. As shown in FIG 1 As can be seen, a first tool table 4 is arranged in a machine bed guide 10 . The first tool table 4 includes a first table 4a and a second table 4b. The second table 4b is movably mounted in the machine bed guide 10 . The first table 4a is movably mounted on the second table 4b in the direction of the double arrow Y. Two tool spindles 14a, 14b are arranged on the first table 4a. The first tool table 4 can thus be moved in the direction of the double arrows X and Y by moving the second table 4b in the machine bed guide 10 or the first table 4a on the second table 4b.

How out 1 As can be seen, opposite the first tool table 4 there is a second tool table 5 with a table 5a and a second table 5b and a first tool spindle 15a and a second tool spindle 15b. The second tool table 5 is also arranged in a machine bed guide 11 so that it can be moved in the direction of the double arrows X and Y. The workpiece carriage 2 is thus arranged between the first tool table 4 and the second tool table 5 .

How further from 1 As can be seen, a third tool table 7 is arranged in the machine bed guide 10 like the first tool table 4 . The third tool table 7 also includes a first table 7a and a second table 7b, and first and second tool spindles 17a and 17b on the first table 7a. The third tool table 7 can also be moved in the direction of the double arrows X and Y. A fourth tool table 8 is also provided, which is arranged in the machine bed guide 11 . The fourth tool table 8 also includes a first table 8a and a second table 8b and first and second tool spindles 18a, 18b. The fourth tool table 8 can also be moved in the direction of the double arrows X and Y.

The four tool tables 4, 5, 7 and 8 are constructed in the same way. How out 1 As can be seen, the first tool table 4 and the third tool table 7 are arranged on the X2 axis, the second tool table 5 and the fourth tool table 8 are arranged on the X3 axis and the two workpiece slides 2 and 6 are arranged on the X1 axis. The axes X1, X2 and X3 are parallel to each other. Each workpiece carriage is arranged between two tool carriages, so that simultaneous machining on the workpiece carriage from two opposite sides is possible.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the machine tool 1 can machine four individual workpieces 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d at the same time. The dimensions of the machine tool can be kept small, since both the workpiece slides 2, 6 and the tool slides 4, 5, 7, 8 can be moved. As a result, the maximum travel distances to carry out predetermined processing steps can be kept small. It should be noted that the two workpiece slides 2 and 6 in this exemplary embodiment can only be moved in one axial direction, namely the X-direction. However, it is also conceivable that the workpiece slides can also be moved in a second axis, e.g. the Y-axis, or additionally in a third axis. It should also be noted that the workpiece or tool slides are also possible in other axes, e.g. a Z axis perpendicular to the X and Y axes.

The tool slides 4, 5, 7, 8 in the first exemplary embodiment are thus designed as compound slides. The tools arranged in the tool spindles can be turning, milling, grinding or honing tools. The tool spindles can also be arranged in such a way that two tools can be used to work on one workpiece at the same time. As a result, the processing times can be further reduced. How out 1 As can be seen, the workpieces 3a and 3b or 3c and 3d are each arranged on a common axis of rotation. In the illustrated embodiment, two separate clamping units 2a, 2b and 6a, 6b are shown. However, it would also be conceivable to provide only one common clamping unit, in which a workpiece can be clamped on both sides. This also keeps the structure very compact.

Below, with reference to 2 a machine tool 1 is described according to a second embodiment of the invention. Identical or functionally identical parts are denoted by the same reference symbols as in the first exemplary embodiment.

The machine tool 1 of the second exemplary embodiment essentially corresponds to the first exemplary embodiment, but in contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, a central clamping unit 20 or 21 is arranged on the workpiece slide 2, 6 in the second exemplary embodiment. How out 2 As can be seen, the middle clamping unit 20 on the first workpiece carriage 2 clamps an elongate workpiece 22 in a middle area. In the same way, the central clamping unit 21 clamps an elongated workpiece 23 on the second workpiece carriage 6. The workpieces 22 and 23 are clamped by the central clamping units in such a way that their two longitudinal ends are exposed. Thus, the workpieces 22, 23 can be processed simultaneously from both sides. Thus, in the second exemplary embodiment, two workpieces 22, 23 can each be machined simultaneously from two sides, without the workpieces having to be re-clamped. Due to the double-sided machining of the workpieces in one clamping, a high level of accuracy can be achieved during production. Otherwise, the second exemplary embodiment corresponds to the first exemplary embodiment, so that reference can be made to the description given there.

Below, with reference to 3 a machine tool 1 is described according to a third exemplary embodiment of the invention. Identical or functionally identical parts are again described with the same reference symbols according to a third exemplary embodiment of the invention.

In contrast to the previous exemplary embodiments, the machine tool according to the third exemplary embodiment has only one workpiece carriage 2 . As in the previous exemplary embodiments, the workpiece carriage 2 is arranged on an axis X1 between two tool carriages 4, 5 and 7, 8 respectively. The workpiece carriage 2 again includes a central clamping unit 20 for clamping an elongated workpiece 22. In contrast to that in FIG 2 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the workpiece 22 in the third exemplary embodiment can now be machined simultaneously from two sides, and simultaneously on each side with two tools, which are arranged on different tool tables. More precisely, a first side 22a of the workpiece 22 can be machined with tools from the first tool table 4 and from the third tool table 7 . An opposite second side 22b of the workpiece 22 can be machined by tools from the second tool table 5 and the fourth tool table 8 . The machining time for this workpiece can thus be reduced even further, since work can be carried out on two sides, each with a large number of tools. In particular, the in 3 The machine tool 1 shown is suitable for enabling simultaneous internal grinding and external grinding of the workpiece 22 . In addition to a reduction in cycle time, burr-free grinding can also be achieved.

It should also be noted that the tools 15c and 17c on the second tool table 5 and third tool table 7 are also pivotable about an axis Z.

Alternatively, a workpiece can be clamped in the center clamping unit 20 on the left and right. Thus, two workpieces are clamped in the central clamping unit 20 at the same time. The two workpieces are thus arranged on the same axis of rotation. Only a common drive and a common bearing must be provided.

4 1 shows a machine tool 1 according to a fourth exemplary embodiment, identical or functionally identical parts being denoted by the same reference symbols as in the first exemplary embodiment. The fourth exemplary embodiment essentially corresponds to the third exemplary embodiment, a second workpiece carriage 6 also being provided in the fourth exemplary embodiment. How out 4 As can be seen, a clamping unit 24 which clamps a workpiece 25 is arranged on the first workpiece carriage 2 . The clamping unit 24 is arranged in such a way that the workpiece 25 is directed towards the side of the first tool table 4 and the third tool table 7 . The workpiece 25 can thus be the same are timely processed by tools of the first and third tool tables 4, 7.

A clamping unit 26 for clamping a workpiece 27 is arranged on the second tool carriage 6 . The clamping unit 26 clamps the workpiece 27 in such a way that it protrudes to one side of the workpiece carriage 6 in order to be able to be machined by the tools on the second tool table 5 and on the fourth tool table 8 . Thus, the fourth exemplary embodiment shows a machine tool which can machine two workpieces at the same time, it being possible for a plurality of tools from different tool tables to be used in each case for machining each workpiece 25, 27.

Otherwise, this exemplary embodiment corresponds to the previous exemplary embodiments, so that reference can be made to the description given there.

Claims (9)

Machine tool for machining workpieces, comprising a first workpiece slide (2) with at least one clamping unit for clamping workpieces, wherein the first workpiece slide (2) can be moved at least in the direction of an X1 axis, a first tool slide (4) which can be moved at least in the direction a Y-axis running perpendicular to the X1-axis, and a second tool carriage (7) which can be moved at least in the direction of the Y-axis, the first workpiece carriage (2) between the first tool carriage (4) and the second tool carriage (7) and the first tool slide (4) can be moved in an X2 axis running parallel to the X1 axis and the second tool slide (5) can be moved in an X3 axis running parallel to the X1 axis, characterized by a third tool slide ( 7), which is arranged adjacent to the first tool carriage (4) on a common guide in the direction of the X2 axis. machine tool after claim 1 characterized by a fourth tool carriage (8), the fourth tool carriage (8) being arranged adjacent to the second tool carriage (5) on a common guide in the direction of the X3 axis. Machine tool according to one of Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that the first workpiece slide (2) comprises a central clamping unit (20) for the central clamping of a workpiece. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first workpiece slide (2) comprises a first clamping unit (2a) and a second clamping unit (2b), the first and second clamping units (2a, 2b) being on an axis in opposite directions are arranged, or wherein the first and second clamping unit are arranged side by side in such a way that the workpieces clamped therein are directed in the same direction. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a second workpiece slide (6) which is arranged on a common axis (X1) with the first workpiece slide (2). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one workpiece slide (2, 6) and/or at least one tool slide (4, 5, 7, 8) can be moved in the direction of two or three axes (X, Y). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two tool spindles (14a, 14b; 15a, 15b; 17a, 17b; 18a, 18b) or at least one tool station with a plurality of tools are mounted on the tool slides (4, 5, 7, 8). are arranged. machine tool after claim 4 and claim 7 , characterized in that on a tool carriage jointly arranged tool spindles and / or on a workpiece carriage jointly arranged workpiece spindles for clamping workpieces each comprise a common drive. machine tool after claim 7 , characterized in that the tool spindles (14a, 14b; 15a, 15b; 17a, 17b; 18a, 18b) or the tool station include finishing tools.

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