DE102006020231A1 - Thermal energy supply system for tempering e.g. hot water closed loop, has deflector that is provided between roof and earth collector loops coupled to heat pump for performing seasonal dependent control for heat recirculation in ground - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a heat pump (11), a roof collector (13) and a roof collector loop (12), coupled with the heat pump and the roof collector for a heat transporting fluid. An earth collector (17) is pivotable in ground, where an earth collector loop (18) is coupled with the pump and the earth collector for a heat transporting fluid. A deflector (19) is provided between the loops for performing seasonal dependent control of the loops for heat recirculation in the ground. An independent claim is also included for an earth collector, in particular for use in a thermal energy supply system.

Description

The The invention relates to a thermo-energy system for the temperature control of Heating, cooling and / or DHW circuits in buildings.

To the Background of the invention is to be noted that in terms of the desired conservation of fossil fuels and for cost reasons Increasingly renewable energy is becoming increasingly important in the context of rising energy prices and alternative concepts for the air conditioning of buildings and the hot water heating be used. Heat pumps are increasingly being used in this context used, which extract heat from the groundwater or soil and "pump" into the building to be heated Heat transfer fluids can the building then, for example, over a floor heating be heated.

in the Solar energy is also related to the use of solar energy and photovoltaic systems known and already extensively in use.

Usual building heating systems on the basis of heat pump systems use, for example, the heat of the groundwater, on the over a suction or swallow well is accessed. The constant, Although the relatively high temperature of the groundwater allows an effective Operation of the heat pump, however, heat pump systems become with access to the groundwater only rarely permitted by the authorities. Furthermore, can dry or sinter a well.

alternative In addition, the solar energy stored in the ground over a area- or trench collector be withdrawn. This in itself is a cost effective technique has, however, in a horizontally installed surface collector a very high space requirement. For trench collectors are high expenses to make and safety regulations in the Respect to the people working in the trench. Finally are Earth collectors, especially when used as a pole-like ground probes are partially tolerated only under strict conditions.

The mentioned above Earth collectors have the common problem in thermal terms that due to the heat extraction through the heat pump cycle the temperature of the soil in the area around the earth collector is lowered. With it increased the temperature difference between the heat source soil and the Heat dissipation on the heat pump, what an impairment the efficiency of the heat pump leads.

outgoing From the described problem of the invention is the task underlying, a thermal energy supply system for Temperie tion of heating, cooling and / or service water circuits in buildings for more efficient use of plant-technical simplicity Use of regenerative forms of energy.

• – eine Wärmepumpe,
• – einen Dach-Kollektor,
• – ein mit Wärmepumpe und Dach-Kollektor koppelbarer Dach-Kollektor-Kreislauf für ein Wärmetransport-Fluid,
• – ein im Erdreich versenkbarer Erd-Kollektor,
• – ein mit Wärmepumpe und Erd-Kollektor koppelbarer Erd-Kollektor-Kreislauf für ein Wärmetransport-Fluid, und
• – eine Weiche zwischen Dach- und Erd-Kollektor-Kreislauf zur jahreszeitlich abhängigen Steuerung der Kreisläufe insbesondere zur Wärmerückführung in das Erdreich.

This object is achieved by the feature combination specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. Accordingly, provided in the supply system:

• - a heat pump,
• - a roof collector,
• A heat pump and roof collector couplable roof collector circuit for a heat transfer fluid,
• - a submersible earth collector in the ground,
• - A coupled with heat pump and earth collector earth-collector circuit for a heat transfer fluid, and
• - A switch between roof and earth collector cycle for seasonal control of the circuits, especially for heat recovery in the soil.

core The invention outlined above is the combination of a roof collector and an earth collector over respective circuits with the heat pump and over the mentioned Switches are variably controllable. As based on the description of the embodiment even closer explained In the summer and in the transitional period, the system can be used to cool the building with simultaneous regeneration thermal energy can be used in the soil. The latter is heated, whereby during operation of the heat pump with the earth collector as a heat source a lower temperature difference prevails in the system, which increases the efficiency significantly increases. Both collector systems complement each other in interplay in an optimal way.

In the dependent claims 2 to 7 are preferred embodiments the supply system specified in the description of the embodiment be explained in more detail.

The The invention relates to the rest also in the thermal energy supply system according to the invention used earth collector, in structurally particularly simple Way based on a precast concrete slab as a supporting element with it embedded heat transport port fluid lines is executed. This earth collector is due to its robust design on to introduce a particularly rational way into a digging trench, which does not require any use of persons in the trench itself. The latter can without the usual personal protection measures, such as compliance with maximum angle of repose, to be created.

Further Features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent the following description, in the embodiments of the thermal energy supply system and the earth collector used with reference to the attached drawings be explained in more detail. Show it:

1 a schematic vertical section through a building with the adjacent property,

2 a floor plan of two neighboring semi-detached plots,

3 a schematic longitudinal section through an earth collector,

4 a schematic cross section through the earth collector according to 3 .

5 a schematic longitudinal section through a heated wall plate element, and

6 a cross section of the wall plate element according to 5 ,

1 shows a multi-storey residential building 1 with cellar 2 , Ground floor 3 , two upper floors 4 . 5 and a roof 6 , The outer walls 7 and blankets 8th can be created in conventional construction, for example in solid brick construction and as a solid concrete finished ceiling.

The residential building 1 is with one as a whole 9 designated thermal energy supply system equipped. This collective name is to be understood as meaning a system with the aid of which the residential building can be heated in accordance with the season and optionally also cooled in the hot season. The flow of thermal energy may therefore be directed towards or away from the residential building depending thereon.

Centerpiece of the supply system 9 is one in the service room 10 installed heat pump 11 connected via a first line circuit - the roof collector circuit 12 - with one on the roof 6 mounted roof collector 13 connected is. This roof collector 13 is a so-called massive collector based on a self-supporting concrete roof tile 14 is constructed in the (not shown) heating coils of the roof-collector cycle 12 are introduced. The roof plate 14 is also provided with a photovoltaic effective cover on its top, so that the roof collector 13 also as a photovoltaic system 15 used to generate electricity. The generated electrical energy can, for example, for operation of the heat pump 11 used or fed into the public network.

The thermo-energy supply system 9 is also in the ground with one 16 submerged earth collector 17 provided, via a second line circuit - the earth-collector circuit 18 - also with the heat pump 10 is coupled. Roof and earth collector circuits 12 . 18 are about a turnout 19 coupled, which operates in the manner of a universal three-way valve, so that all entries and exits are selectively switchable and connectable. Both circuits 12 and 18 run between the switch 19 and the heat pump 11 over the same wiring harness 20 ,

How out 2 becomes clear, can have multiple earth collectors 17 arranged in a plot and one half each of a semi-detached house 21 be assigned.

Like from the 1 . 3 and 4 becomes clear, is the earth collector 17 as a vertical precast concrete slab embedded in the soil 22 with directly embedded, spiraling heat transfer fluid lines 23 educated. The latter are with connecting pieces 24 over the concrete slab material 22 for connection to the earth-collector circuit 18 out.

How out 4 becomes clear, is the concrete slab 22 of the earth collector 17 for stabilization with a reinforcement 25 as well as with the upper long narrow side edge of the concrete slab 22 protruding transport anchors 26 provided for hanging a crane hoist.

The dimensions of the earth collector 17 may be up to 12 m in length and over 3 m in height. The thickness of the concrete slab 22 is 15-20 cm.

Based on 4 is the way of putting the earth collector 17 to explain. There is a ditch for that 27 the width of a narrow excavator bucket, for example 60 cm, in the ground 16 contribute. The earth collector 17 with its elongated rectangular plate shape ( 3 ) is then in the ditch 27 inserted that the installation position of the main plane of the concrete slab 22 vertical and the long axis of the plate lie horizontally. The trench has a depth such that the top edge of the concrete slab 22 a distance of well over 1 m from the ground level 28 having.

The earth collector set in this way 17 gets to the earth-collector circuit 18 connected. Subsequently, the space between the walls of the trench 27 and the earth collector 17 with concrete 29 (or other cohesive soil) backfilled. The ditch 27 So serves as a lost formwork for filling the serving as a support and filling material concrete 29 , The above the earth collector 17 remaining trench volume is closed with a customary filling material and a topsoil cover.

For air conditioning of the residential building 1 is - like from the 1 . 5 and 6 becomes clear - on the one hand a usual floor heating 30 on all floors 3 . 4 . 5 intended. This is combined with another system for wall heating or cooling on the basis of the inner walls forming wall elements 31 , These exist according to 5 and 6 from a plate-shaped concrete precast, in turn, the heat transfer fluid lines 32 are embedded in a spiral arrangement. In a corner wall breakthrough 33 stand the lines 32 with connection piece 33 for connection to the heating cables, not shown. The heat transfer fluid lines 32 Furthermore, do not extend over the entire height of the wall element 31 but it remains above a tapeless strip zone 34 , which provides space for on-site installations and drilling. Also the wall element 31 is analogous to the concrete slab 22 of the earth collector 17 with a reinforcement 35 and transport anchors 36 Mistake.

in the The following is the seasonal control and driving style explain the thermo-energy supply system.

Thus, in winter operation, the roof-collector cycle 12 completely decoupled and only the earth-collector cycle 18 to the earth collector 17 fed with a heat transfer fluid (brine). In the earth collector 17 The solar energy stored in the ground is taken up and becomes the heat pump 11 transported. There, the thermal energy is withdrawn and used to heat the residential building 1 over the floor heating 30 and the surface heating wall elements 31 used. The photovoltaic system 18 on the roof collectors 13 is in operation and can - as mentioned above - provide the electrical energy for the operation of the heat pumps.

In the so-called transitional period (spring / fall) become roof-collector cycle 12 and earth-collector circuit 18 through the switch 19 connected in series, so that the regenerated heat transfer fluid from the heat pump 11 over the riser 37 to the roof collector 13 , from there to the earth collector 17 and back to the heat pump 11 is pumped. In the roof collector 13 the cold brine gets through to the roof collector 13 acting solar radiation or slightly heated by outside air-conditioned heating. Depending on the temperature reached, the brine gives in the earth collector 17 either excess energy to the soil from or is additionally heated. The soil 16 So serves as a buffer for thermal energy on colder days a higher temperature of the soil 16 conditionally. Thus, an increased withdrawal performance can be achieved on such colder days. Another effect of the energy feed into the soil is the faster regeneration of the cooled in the winter months earth.

The roof and earth collector 13 . 17 Brine brought to an elevated temperature eventually passes from the earth collector to the heat pump 11 back, where the stored energy is withdrawn. Depending on requirements, then also in the transitional period, a heating of the residential building 1 over the floor heating 30 and the wall elements 31 instead of.

In summer operation, the entire thermal energy supply system 9 also serve to cool the residential building. Again, these are the two cycles 12 . 18 connected in series. The cool brine flows from the heat pump 11 through the roof collector 13 and is heated up there. This will be the residential building 1 even less charged with thermal energy, it remains cooler.

The heated brine becomes turn earth collector 17 pumped further, where they release thermal energy to the soil 16 cool again. The earth is thermally "charged" by this effect and can thus serve as a heat storage for the subsequent heating period.

• – Durch die Energieaufladung und Regeneration des Erdreiches im Sommer wird die Entzugsleistung der Wärmepumpe 11 im Winter erhöht. Bekannte Systeme arbeiten nicht mit einer solchen Wärmerückführung in den Sommermonaten.
• – Durch den Wärmeentzug am Dach und die Abkühlung der als Wärmetransport-Fluid dienenden Sole im Erd-Kollektor kann eine passive Kühlung des Wohngebäudes 1 im Sommer erzeugt werden. Dazu genügt es, zwischen die beiden Kreisläufe 12, 18 einen Wärmetauscher zu setzen, die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und in der Praxis erprobt sind. Das gesamte System dient also nicht nur zur Heizung, sondern auch Kühlung des Gebäudes, sodass insgesamt von einer Temperierung der Heiz-, Kühl- bzw. Brauchwasserkreisläufe im Wohngebäude 1 gesprochen werden kann.
• – In den Sommermonaten wird dem Dach-Kollektor 13 Energie entzogen, was die Leistungsfähigkeit der Photovoltaik-Anlage 15 erhöht. Insoweit wird also durch den Dach-Kollektor 13 eine Doppelfunktion erfüllt.

In summary, the thermal energy supply system according to the invention has a number of advantages, which are to be outlined as follows:

• - By the energy charge and regeneration of the soil in the summer, the withdrawal power of the heat pump 11 increased in the winter. Known systems do not work with such a heat recovery in the summer months.
• - Due to the heat extraction at the roof and the cooling of serving as a heat transfer fluid brine in the earth collector can be a passive cooling of the residential building 1 be generated in the summer. For that it is enough, between the two cycles 12 . 18 to set a heat exchanger, which are known from the prior art and tested in practice. The entire system is thus not only used for heating, but also cooling the building, so that a total of a temperature of the heating, cooling or domestic water circuits in the residential building 1 can be spoken.
• - In the summer months is the roof collector 13 Energy deprived, what the performance of the photovoltaic system 15 elevated. In that regard, so by the roof collector 13 fulfilled a double function.

Claims (10)

Thermo-energy supply system for controlling the temperature of heating, cooling and / or domestic water circuits in buildings, characterized by - a heat pump ( 11 ), - a roof collector ( 13 ), - one with heat pump ( 11 ) and roof collector ( 13 ) coupling roof collector circuit ( 12 ) for a heat transfer fluid, - one in the ground ( 16 ) submersible earth collector ( 17 ), - one with heat pump ( 11 ) and earth collector ( 17 ) coupled earth-collector circuit ( 18 ) for a heat transfer fluid, and - a switch ( 19 ) between roof and earth collector circuit ( 12 . 18 ) for the seasonal control of cycles ( 12 . 18 ), in particular for heat recovery in the soil ( 16 ). Thermo-energy supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that the roof collector ( 13 ) a massive collector based on a self-supporting concrete roofing plate ( 14 ). Thermo-energy supply system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the roof collector ( 13 ) with a photovoltaic system ( 15 ) is combined. Thermo-energy supply system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the earth collector ( 17 ) from a vertical to the ground ( 16 ) embedded precast concrete slab ( 22 ) with directly embedded heat transport fluid lines ( 23 ) ge is formed. Thermo-energy supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that the earth collector ( 17 ) in a dredging trench ( 27 ) which is retractable in the lowering position of the earth collector ( 17 ) as a lost formwork at least partially with a supporting and filling material ( 29 ) for the stabilization of the earth collector ( 17 ) and the heat transfer between this and the soil ( 16 ) is fillable. Thermo-energy supply system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for the temperature control of the building ( 1 ) Surface temperature control systems, in particular a floor heating / cooling ( 30 ) and / or wall heating / cooling ( 31 ), provided with roof and / or earth collector circuit ( 12 . 18 ) are coupled at least indirectly. Thermo-energy supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that the building walls for building temperature control as precast concrete parts ( 31 ) with embedded tempering fluid lines ( 32 ) are formed. Earth collector, in particular for use in a thermal power supply system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a with its main plane vertically into the ground ( 16 ) Retractable prefabricated concrete slab ( 22 ) as a supporting element, in the lines ( 23 ) are embedded for a heat transfer fluid. Earth collector according to claim 8, characterized in that the embedded lines ( 23 ) via connection nozzles ( 24 ) above the precast concrete slab ( 22 ) with a heat transfer fluid line, in particular with the earth-collector circuit ( 18 ) are connectable. Earth collector according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the precast concrete slab ( 22 ) has an elongated rectangular plate shape, wherein in the installed position the main plane of the plate ( 22 ) vertical and the long axis of the plate ( 22 ) lying horizontally.