DE102006019993B3 - Compressed gas e.g. hydrogen, storage for e.g. fuel cell vehicle, has cooling device provided for heat transfer medium, where part of gas is supplied as heat transfer medium to cooling device through branching of filling device - Google Patents

Compressed gas e.g. hydrogen, storage for e.g. fuel cell vehicle, has cooling device provided for heat transfer medium, where part of gas is supplied as heat transfer medium to cooling device through branching of filling device Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102006019993B3
DE102006019993B3 DE102006019993A DE102006019993A DE102006019993B3 DE 102006019993 B3 DE102006019993 B3 DE 102006019993B3 DE 102006019993 A DE102006019993 A DE 102006019993A DE 102006019993 A DE102006019993 A DE 102006019993A DE 102006019993 B3 DE102006019993 B3 DE 102006019993B3
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
cooling device
heat transfer
gas
transfer medium
compressed gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE102006019993A
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German (de)
Inventor
Steffen Dipl.-Phys. Maus
David Dipl.-Ing. Wenger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to DE102006019993A priority Critical patent/DE102006019993B3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE102006019993B3 publication Critical patent/DE102006019993B3/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/002—Automated filling apparatus
    • F17C5/007—Automated filling apparatus for individual gas tanks or containers, e.g. in vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0617—Single wall with one layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
    • F17C2209/2154—Winding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0339—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using the same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0348—Water cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0355—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid in a closed loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0372—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0376—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0376—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact
    • F17C2227/0381—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact integrated in the wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • F17C2260/025—Reducing transfer time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refueling vehicle fuel tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Abstract

The storage (10) has a housing (12) comprising a wall, an inner space and an inlet (14), and a filling device (16) provided for filling the inner space with gas. A cooling device (20) is provided for a heat transfer medium, where a part of the gas is supplied as the heat transfer medium to the cooling device through a branching of the filling device. The cooling device is designed as a cooling coil and stays in effective connection with a fuelling system, where the housing is formed from carbon fiber.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Druckgasspeicher.The The invention relates to a compressed gas storage.

Zur Lagerung von Wasserstoff ist es bekannt, diesen entweder gasförmig in Druckspeichertanks mit mehreren hundert bar Überdruck oder bei kryogenen Temperaturen flüssig in speziellen Kühltanks zu speichern. Bekannt sind auch Feststoffspeicher für Wasserstoff, in denen Wasserstoff in einen Festkörper eingelagert und unter definierten Bedingungen, beispielsweise endotherm, wieder abgegeben werden kann, wie z.B. aus der JP 2001-208296 A bekannt ist. Allerdings kann das Speichermaterial nur einige Prozent seines Eigengewichts an Wasserstoff speichern. Solche Feststoffspeicher haben daher ein hohes Gewicht im Vergleich zu Druckgasspeichern gleicher Baugröße, in denen gasförmiger Wasserstoff unter hohem Druck gespeichert wird.to Storage of hydrogen is known to be either gaseous in this Pressure storage tanks with several hundred bar overpressure or cryogenic Temperatures are liquid in special cooling tanks save. Also known are solid storage for hydrogen, in which hydrogen is stored in a solid and under defined conditions, such as endothermic, released again can be, such as from JP 2001-208296 A is known. Indeed The storage material can only make up a few percent of its own weight store at hydrogen. Such solid storage therefore have a high weight compared to compressed gas storage of the same size, in which gaseous Hydrogen is stored under high pressure.

Beim Betanken des Wasserstoff-Druckgasspeichers kommt es zur Erwärmung des Wasserstoffs beim Komprimieren. Die Betankungszeit muss entsprechend lang gewählt werden, um die ungleichmäßige Strömungs- und Temperaturverteilung im Inneren des Druckgasspeichers auszugleichen, außerdem kann es zur vorzeitigen Materialermüdung des Gehäuses des Druckgasspeichers kommen, da hohe Temperaturen beim Komprimieren auftreten, typischerweise mehr als 85°C.At the Refueling of the hydrogen-compressed gas storage causes the heating of the Hydrogen while compressing. The refueling time must be according to long chosen be to the uneven flow and Compensate for temperature distribution in the interior of the compressed gas storage, Furthermore It can premature material fatigue of the housing of the Compressed gas storage come because high temperatures when compressing occur, typically more than 85 ° C.

Die DE 10 2004 014 144 A1 offenbart einen Druckgasspeicher, der nicht nur in der Lage ist, ein Gas, beispielsweise Wasserstoff, als Hochdruck-Gas zu speichern, sondern der Gas auch mit Hilfe eines Gas-Adbsorber/Adsorbers, beispielsweise einer Wasserstoffspeicherlegierung, speichern kann. Der Druckgasspeicher weist eine Kühlvorrichtung auf, die mit einem Wärmeübertragungsmedium durchströmbar ist. Als Wärmeübertragungsmedium dient ein ausgewähltes Kühlmittel. Der Druckgasspeicher kann ferner mit kohlefaserverstärktem Kunststoff umwickelt sein.The DE 10 2004 014 144 A1 discloses a compressed gas storage, which is not only able to store a gas, such as hydrogen, as a high-pressure gas, but the gas can also save using a gas adsorbent / adsorbent, for example, a hydrogen storage alloy. The compressed gas storage device has a cooling device through which a heat transfer medium can flow. As the heat transfer medium is a selected coolant. The compressed gas storage can also be wrapped with carbon fiber reinforced plastic.

Die DE-A1-10 2004 003 319 A1 offenbart einen weiteren Druckgasspeicher, der ein Gas, insbesondere für Wasserstoff, nicht nur unter Druck, sondern auch mit Hilfe einer pulverförmigen Legierung zur Wasserstoffaufnahme speichern kann. Der Druckgasspeicher weist eine Kühlvorrichtung auf, die je nach Bedarf mit heißem oder kühlem Wasser durchströmbar ist. Er weist ferner einen ungefähr zylindrischen Mantel auf, der z.B. aus einer Aluminiumlegierung hergestellt ist. Der Mantel ist mit einer hochfesten kohlenstofffaserverstärkten Kunststoffschicht umwickelt.The DE-A1-10 2004 003 319 A1 discloses a further compressed gas storage, a gas, especially for Hydrogen, not only under pressure, but also with the help of a powdery Alloy can store for hydrogen uptake. The compressed gas storage has a cooling device on, with hot as needed or cool Water flowed through is. He also has an approximate cylindrical shell on, the e.g. from an aluminum alloy is made. The coat is made with a high strength carbon fiber reinforced plastic layer wrapped.

Die DE 40 41 170 C1 offenbart einen isolierten Behälter für tiefsiedende verflüssigte Gase, beispielsweise Wasserstoff, dessen Gehäuse doppelwandig ausgeführt ist. Der Behälter weist Kühlwendel auf, die im Doppelwandbereich angeordnet sind. Die Kühlwendel dienen der Kühlung von Strahlungsschildern, die den Innenbehälter des Behälters gegenüber Strahlungswärme abschirmen. Der Behälter ist nur für geringe Betriebsdrücke bis maximal 5 bar ausgelegt.The DE 40 41 170 C1 discloses an insulated container for low-boiling liquefied gases, for example hydrogen, whose housing is double-walled. The container has cooling coil, which are arranged in the double wall area. The cooling coil serve to cool radiation shields which shield the inner container of the container from radiant heat. The container is only designed for low operating pressures of up to 5 bar.

Die EP 0 936 399 A1 und die WO 97/06383 A1 offenbaren einen Druckgasspeicher mit einer außerhalb des Druckgasspeichers angeordneten Kühlvorrichtung. Als Wärmeübertragungsmedium wird das zu speichernde Gas selbst eingesetzt.The EP 0 936 399 A1 and WO 97/06383 A1 disclose a compressed gas storage with a cooling device arranged outside the compressed gas storage. As a heat transfer medium, the gas to be stored itself is used.

Die EP 0 670 452 A1 offenbart einen Speicherbehälter für überkritische Gase bei kryogenen Temperaturen. Der bevorzugte Betriebsdruck liegt zwischen 51,7 und 138 bar. Der Speicherbehälter ist doppelwandig ausgebildet, wobei zwischen einem Innenraum und einer Gehäusewand ein Wärmetauscher angeordnet ist, der dazu vorgesehen ist, Wärme von der Gehäusewand auf den Innenraum zu übertragen, um das gespeicherte Gas im überkritischen Zustand zu halten und um die Energie für die Abgabe des gespeicherten Gases zur Verfügung zu stellen. Das Wärmeübertragungsmedium ist dabei das gespeicherte Gas selbst: Es wird über eine Rohrleitung dem Innenraum entnommen und dem Wärmetauscher zugeführt, durchströmt dann den Wärmetauscher, wobei es Wärme von der Gehäusewand auf den Innenraum überträgt, und wird danach seiner Bestimmung zugeleitet.The EP 0 670 452 A1 discloses a storage vessel for supercritical gases at cryogenic temperatures. The preferred operating pressure is between 51.7 and 138 bar. The storage container is double-walled, wherein between a cavity and a housing wall, a heat exchanger is arranged, which is intended to transfer heat from the housing wall to the interior to keep the stored gas in the supercritical state and the energy for the delivery of the stored gas to provide. The heat transfer medium is the stored gas itself: it is removed via a pipe to the interior and fed to the heat exchanger, then flows through the heat exchanger, where it transfers heat from the housing wall to the interior, and is then sent to its destination.

Die WO 03/050447 A1 offenbart einen Feststoffspeicherbehälter, der mit nanostrukturiertem Speichermaterial für Wasserstoff gefüllt ist. Der Behälter weist eine äußere Gehäusewand, eine mittlere Gehäusewand und einen Innenraum auf, wobei zwischen der mittleren Gehäusewand und dem Innenraum flüssiger Stickstoff als Wärmeübertragungsmedium zum Zwecke der Kühlung eingebracht werden kann. Wasserstoff kann über eine getrennte Einfüllvorrichtung in den mit nanostrukturiertem Speichermaterial gefüllten Innenraum eingebracht werden. Der Behälter ist für nur geringe Betriebsdrücke bis etwa 101,33 bar ausgelegt.The WO 03/050447 A1 discloses a solid storage container, the filled with nanostructured storage material for hydrogen. The container has an outer housing wall, a middle housing wall and an interior space, wherein between the middle housing wall and the interior liquid Nitrogen as a heat transfer medium for the purpose of cooling can be introduced. Hydrogen can be via a separate filling device in the interior filled with nanostructured storage material be introduced. The container is for only low operating pressures designed to about 101.33 bar.

Die US 62 02 710 B1 offenbart einen Druckgasspeicher für Wasserstoff, der ein Wasserstoffrückhaltematerial oder einen Wasserstoffadsorber enthalten kann. Der Behälter kann eine Kühlvorrichtung aufweisen, die mit einem Vortankkühlmittel betrieben wird. Über die Auslegung des Behälters hinsichtlich der Höhe seiner Druckbeständigkeit geht aus des US 62 02 710 B1 nichts hervor.The US 62 02 710 B1 discloses a pressurized gas storage for hydrogen, which may contain a hydrogen retention material or a hydrogen adsorber. The container may include a cooling device that is operated with a pre-tank coolant. About the design of the container in terms of the height of its pressure resistance is from the US 62 02 710 B1 nothing forth.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Druckgasspeicher, insbesondere für Wasserstoff, anzugeben, bei dem die Betankungszeit verkürzt werden kann.The object of the invention is to provide a compressed gas reservoir, in particular for hydrogen, in which the refueling time is shortened can.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The The object is achieved by the Characteristics of claim 1 solved.

Günstige Aus- und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind den weiteren Ansprüchen zu entnehmen.Favorable price and further developments of the invention are the further claims remove.

Der erfindungsgemäße Druckgasspeicher weist ein Gehäuse mit wenigstens einer Gehäusewand, einem Innenraum sowie wenigstens einem Eingang zum Befüllen des Innenraums mit Gas auf. In den Druckgasspeicher ist wenigstens eine Kühlvorrichtung mit einem Wärmeübertragungsmedium integriert. Beim Befüllen mit Gas kann die bei der Kompression des Gases entstehende Wärme zuverlässig abgeführt werden. Durch die aktive Kühlung beim Betanken treten keine, bei ungekühlten Druckgasspeichern bekannte, Probleme durch ungleichmäßige Strömungs- und Temperaturverteilung beim Schnellbetanken auf. Die Wärmeabfuhr aus dem Druckgasspeicher erfolgt gleichmäßig. Eine übermäßige Materialermüdung durch zu hohe Temperaturen, typischerweise über 85°C, bei der Kompression während des Betankens kann vermieden werden. Die Betankungszeit kann verkürzt werden, da durch die aktive Wärmeabfuhr beim Betanken ein Überhitzen des Druckgasspeichers vermieden und dieser entsprechend schneller betankt werden kann. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der Druckgastank in einem Fahrzeug vorgesehen ist, welches mit Druckgas betrieben wird, etwa Wasserstofffahrzeuge mit Wasserstoff als Kraftstoff für einen Verbrennungsmotor oder Brennstoffzellenfahrzeuge mit Wasserstoff als Betriebsmedium für die Brennstoffzelle. Die Gehäusewand kann beispielsweise aus Stahl, Aluminium oder Kunststoff gebildet sein und zur Verbesserung der Stabilität vorzugsweise mit Kohlenstofffasermaterial umgeben, insbesondere umwickelt sein.Of the has compressed gas storage according to the invention a housing with at least one housing wall, an interior and at least one inlet for filling the Interior with gas on. In the compressed gas storage is at least one cooler integrated with a heat transfer medium. When filling With gas, the heat generated during the compression of the gas can be dissipated reliably. Due to the active cooling during Refueling no, with uncooled Druckgasspeichern known problems with uneven flow and Temperature distribution during fast refueling. The heat dissipation from the compressed gas storage takes place evenly. Excessive material fatigue due to too high temperatures, typically over 85 ° C, during compression during the Refueling can be avoided. Refueling time can be shortened because of the active heat dissipation when refueling overheating the compressed gas storage avoided and this correspondingly faster can be refueled. This is particularly advantageous when the compressed gas tank is provided in a vehicle which is operated with compressed gas is about hydrogen vehicles with hydrogen as fuel for one Internal combustion engine or fuel cell vehicles with hydrogen as Operating medium for the fuel cell. The housing wall can be made of steel, aluminum or plastic, for example and to improve stability, preferably with carbon fiber material surrounded, in particular, to be wrapped.

Die Kühlvorrichtung kann in den Innenraum so eingebracht sein, dass einströmendes Gas in Wärmetauschverbindung mit der Kühlvorrichtung tritt. Vorteilhaft kann ein Wärmeübertragungsrohr in den Druckgasspeicher eingeführt werden. Dies kann durch ein Ventil am Eingang des Druckgasspeichers erfolgen, oder durch einen anderen, geeigneten Eingang.The cooler can be introduced into the interior so that inflowing gas in heat exchange connection with the cooling device occurs. Advantageously, a heat transfer tube introduced into the compressed gas storage become. This can be done by a valve at the entrance of the compressed gas storage, or through another suitable entrance.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Kühlvorrichtung an der Gehäusewand angeordnet sein.alternative or additionally can the cooler on the housing wall be arranged.

Vorteilhaft kann die Kühlvorrichtung als Kühlwendel ausgebil det sein, die den Innenraum umschlingt.Advantageous can the cooler as a cooling coil be ausgebil det, which wraps around the interior.

Ist das Gehäuse doppelwandig ausgeführt, kann die Kühlwendel bzw. die Kühlvorrichtung auch im Doppelwandbereich angeordnet sein.is the housing double-walled, can the cooling coil or the cooling device be arranged in the double wall area.

Grundsätzlich ist jede Art von Wärmetauscheinrichtung für diesen Zweck denkbar, wobei der Fachmann die spezielle Ausgestaltung auf Größe, Ausführung und Einsatzzweck des Druckgasspeichers sinnvoll abstimmen wird.Basically any type of heat exchange device For this Purpose conceivable, the expert on the specific embodiment Size, design and Purpose of the compressed gas storage will vote useful.

Vorteilhaft können getrennte Einfüllvorrichtungen für Gas und Wärmeübertragungsmedium vorgesehen sein. Das Wärmeübertragungsmedium kann ein Gas, Wasser, Sole oder dergleichen sein. Das Wärmeübertragungsmedium kann vorzugsweise das Gas sein, das in dem Druckgasspeicher gespeichert wird.Advantageous can separate filling devices for gas and heat transfer medium be provided. The heat transfer medium can a gas, water, brine or the like. The heat transfer medium may preferably be the gas stored in the compressed gas storage becomes.

Im Bereich des Eingangs ist eine Einfüllvorrichtung für Gas vorgesehen mit einer Abzweigvorrichtung, über die ein Teil des einströmenden Gases in die Kühlvorrichtung leitbar ist. Dadurch kann das zu speichernde Gas selbst als Wärmeübertragungsmedium dienen. Eine Kontamination des Gases durch Fremdstoffe wird so vermieden. Dies ist besonders günstig für Gase, deren Einfülltemperatur deutlich unter ihrer normalen Lagertemperatur im Druckgasspeicher liegt.in the The area of the entrance is provided a gas filling device with a branching device, over the part of the inflowing Gas in the cooler is conductive. This allows the gas to be stored itself as a heat transfer medium serve. Contamination of the gas by foreign substances is thus avoided. This is especially cheap for gases, their filling temperature well below its normal storage temperature in the compressed gas storage lies.

Weiterhin vorteilhaft ist die Kühlvorrichtung mit einem Betankungsstutzen in Wirkverbindung bringbar, wobei ein Teil des zuströmenden Gases als Wärmeübertragungsmedium in die Kühlvorrichtung leitbar ist.Farther Advantageously, the cooling device with a fueling nozzle engageable, wherein a part of the inflowing Gas as a heat transfer medium into the cooling device conductive is.

Im Bereich des Eingangs kann zusätzlich zur Einfüllvorrichtung eine Ausleitvorrichtung für aus der Kühlvorrichtung ausströmendes Gas vorgesehen sein. Über dieses kann das in der Kühlvorrichtung erwärmte Wärmeübertragungsmedium wieder austreten.in the Area of the entrance may be additional to the filling device a diversion device for from the cooling device outflowing Gas be provided. about this can do that in the cooler heated Heat transfer medium exit again.

Bevorzugt ist das Gas Wasserstoff und der Druckgasspeicher ein Wasserstoffspeicher, insbesondere für hohe Drücke von mindestens 350 bar, vorzugsweise um 700 bar.Prefers the gas is hydrogen and the compressed gas storage is a hydrogen storage, especially for high pressures of at least 350 bar, preferably around 700 bar.

Vorteilhaft ist, wenn das Gehäuse wenigstens bereichsweise aus Kohlefaser gebildet ist. Üblicherweise sind derartige Gehäuse schlecht wärmeleitend, jedoch für den Fahrzeugeinsatz aufgrund ihres im Vergleich mit Stahlgehäusen geringeren Gewichts besonders vorteilhaft. Dadurch, dass erfindungsgemäß eine aktive Kühlung beim Betanken möglich ist, kann eine gute Wärmeableitung mit verkürzter Betankungszeit und geringerem Gewicht des Druckgasspeichers verbunden werden.Advantageous is when the case at least partially made of carbon fiber is formed. Usually are such housing poor heat-conducting, however for the vehicle use due to their lower compared to steel housings Weight particularly advantageous. Due to the fact that according to the invention an active cooling possible when refueling is, can be a good heat dissipation with shortened Fueling time and lower weight of the compressed gas storage connected become.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand von in der Zeichnung beschriebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert, ohne auf diese Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt zu sein.Further Advantages and details of the invention are described below of preferred embodiments described in the drawing explained in more detail, without to these embodiments limited to be.

Dabei zeigen:there demonstrate:

1 eine erste bevorzugte Ausgestaltung eines Druckgasspeichers, 1 a first preferred embodiment of a compressed gas storage,

2 eine zweite bevorzugte Ausgestaltung eines Druckgasspeichers, und 2 a second preferred embodiment of a compressed gas storage, and

3 ein bevorzugtes System von Druckgasspeicher und Tankstelle für Druckgas. 3 a preferred system of compressed gas storage and gas station for compressed gas.

In den Figuren sind funktionell gleiche Elemente mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen beziffert.In The figures are functionally identical elements with the same reference numerals quantified.

Eine erste bevorzugte Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Druckgasspeichers 10 zeigt 1. Der Druckgasspeicher 10 weist ein Gehäuse 12 mit wenigstens einer Gehäusewand auf, wobei das Gehäuse 12 einen Innenraum 22 umgibt. Über einen als Ventil ausgebildeten Eingang 14 kann dem Innenraum ein Gas, beispielsweise Wasserstoff, zugeführt werden. Der Druckgasspeicher 10 umfasst ferner wenigstens eine Kühlvorrichtung 20 mit einem Wärmeübertragungsmedium. Beispielhaft ist der Druckgasspeicher 10 als Speicher für komprimiertes gasförmi ges Wasserstoffgas ausgebildet, wie es beispielsweise in Brennstoffzellenfahrzeugen oder in Fahrzeugen mit wasserstoffbetriebenem Verbrennungsmotor zum Einsatz kommt.A first preferred embodiment of a compressed gas storage according to the invention 10 shows 1 , The compressed gas storage 10 has a housing 12 with at least one housing wall, wherein the housing 12 an interior 22 surrounds. About a trained as a valve input 14 For example, a gas, for example hydrogen, can be supplied to the interior. The compressed gas storage 10 further comprises at least one cooling device 20 with a heat transfer medium. Exemplary is the compressed gas storage 10 formed as a memory for compressed gaseous hydrogen gas, as used for example in fuel cell vehicles or vehicles with hydrogen-powered internal combustion engine.

Die Kühlvorrichtung 20 ist in den Innenraum 22 so eingebracht, dass einströmendes Gas in Wärmetauschverbindung mit der Kühlvorrichtung 20 tritt und dessen Kompressionswärme nach außen abgeführt werden kann. Typischerweise soll das Gas auf hohe Drücke, etwa 350 bar oder 700 bar, komprimiert werden. Als Wärmeübertragungsmedium kommen vor allem Wasser, Sole oder Wasserstoff in Betracht.The cooling device 20 is in the interior 22 introduced so that inflowing gas in heat exchange connection with the cooling device 20 occurs and its compression heat can be dissipated to the outside. Typically, the gas is to be compressed to high pressures, about 350 bar or 700 bar. As a heat transfer medium are mainly water, brine or hydrogen into consideration.

Die Kühlvorrichtung 20 ist in dieser Ausgestaltung eine im Gasraum verlegte oder gegossene oder anders eingearbeitete Wärmeübertragungsleitung, etwa eine Rohrwendel oder dergleichen. Dabei kann der Querschnitt der Rohrwendel beliebig, etwa rund oder eckig, sein.The cooling device 20 is in this embodiment a laid in the gas space or cast or otherwise incorporated heat transfer line, such as a coiled tubing or the like. In this case, the cross section of the coiled tubing can be arbitrary, approximately round or angular.

Die als Rohrwendel ausgebildete Kühlvorrichtung 20 ist durch einen als Ventil ausgebildeten Eingang 14 in den Innenraum 22 geführt. Die Kühlvorrichtung 20 könnte jedoch auch über das Gehäuse 12 für Wärmeübertragungsmedium zugänglich gemacht sein.The trained as a tube coil cooling device 20 is through an input formed as a valve 14 in the interior 22 guided. The cooling device 20 but could also about the case 12 be made available for heat transfer medium.

Eine im Bereich des Eingangs 14 vorgesehene Einfüllvorrichtung 16 für Gas weist im Innenraum eine Abzweigung 18 auf, über die ein Teil des einströmenden Gases in die Kühlvorrichtung 20 leitbar ist. Wird als Gas Wasserstoff eingefüllt, so wird der Wasserstoff typischerweise mit niedrigen Temperaturen, etwa –30°C, in den Innenraum 22 zugeführt. Ein Teil des Wasserstoffs gelangt über die Abzweigung 18 in die Kühlvorrichtung 20 und tritt, unter Aufnahme von Kompressionswärme des Wasserstoffs im Innenraum 22, durch eine Ausgangsleitung 26 aus. Eine typische Austrittstemperatur des als Wärmeüber tragungsmedium eingesetzten Wasserstoffs liegt beispielsweise um 80°C oder auch darunter. Auf diese Weise kann die beim Betanken entstehende Kompressionswärme aus dem Innenraum 22 abgeführt werden.One in the area of the entrance 14 provided filling device 16 for gas has a branch in the interior 18 on, about the part of the inflowing gas into the cooling device 20 is conductive. When hydrogen is introduced as a gas, the hydrogen typically enters the interior at low temperatures, about -30 ° C 22 fed. Part of the hydrogen passes over the branch 18 in the cooler 20 and enters, absorbing the heat of compression of the hydrogen in the interior space 22 , through an output line 26 out. A typical exit temperature of the hydrogen used as heat transfer medium is, for example, around 80 ° C or below. In this way, the resulting during refueling compression heat from the interior 22 be dissipated.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach 2 ist eine Kühlvorrichtung 20 an der Wand eines Gehäuses 12 eines Druckgasspeichers 10 angeordnet. Wie in 1 ist beispielhaft ein Druckgasspeicher 10 für komprimierten gasförmigen Wasserstoff beschrieben; die angegebenen Temperaturen und Drücke entsprechen den in 1 angegebenen Werten. Die Kühlvorrichtung 20 ist als Rohrwendel ausgebildet, die den Innenraum 22 umschlingt. Prinzipiell könnte das Gehäuse 12 auch doppelwandig ausgeführt und die Rohrwendel im Doppelwandbereich angeordnet sein.In the embodiment according to 2 is a cooling device 20 on the wall of a housing 12 a compressed gas storage 10 arranged. As in 1 is an example of a compressed gas storage 10 for compressed gaseous hydrogen described; the indicated temperatures and pressures correspond to those in 1 specified values. The cooling device 20 is designed as a coiled tubing, which is the interior 22 wraps. In principle, the housing could 12 also double-walled and arranged the coiled tubing in the double wall area.

Es ist eine Einfüllvorrichtung 16 für das dem Innenraum 22 zuzuführende Gas und eine Einfüllvorrichtung 24 für ein Wärmeübertragungsmedium vorgesehen, welches der Kühleinrichtung 20 zugeführt wird. Durch eine Ausgangsleitung 26 tritt das Kühlmedium aus, nachdem es Kompressionswärme aufgenommen hat. Die Einfüllvorrichtung 16 für das zu speichernde Gas ist unterhalb der Einfüllvorrichtung 16 und der Ausgangsleitung 26 der Kühlvorrichtung 20 angeordnet.It is a filling device 16 for the interior 22 gas to be supplied and a filling device 24 provided for a heat transfer medium, which of the cooling device 20 is supplied. Through an output line 26 The cooling medium exits after absorbing heat of compression. The filling device 16 for the gas to be stored is below the filling device 16 and the output line 26 the cooling device 20 arranged.

Auch hier könnte die Kühlvorrichtung anstatt über den Eingang 14 an anderer Stelle des Druckgasspeichers 10 zugänglich sein.Again, the cooler might be over the entrance instead 14 elsewhere in the compressed gas storage 10 be accessible.

Ein bevorzugtes System zur Betankung eines Druckgasspeichers 10 zeigt 3. An einer Tankstelle 30 wird ein mit einem Druckgasspeicher 10 ausgestattetes Fahrzeug 50 mit Gas, vorzugsweise Wasserstoff, betankt. Beispielhaft ist der Druckgasspeicher aus 2 dargestellt. Die Tankstelle 30 um fasst einen Vorratstank 32, der mit komprimiertem oder sogar flüssigem Wasserstoff gefüllt ist. Durch eine Leitung 34 wird dem Druckgasspeicher 10 Wasserstoff zugeführt und im Druckgasspeicher 10 auf den gewünschten Druck komprimiert.A preferred system for refueling a compressed gas storage 10 shows 3 , At a gas station 30 becomes one with a compressed gas storage 10 equipped vehicle 50 with gas, preferably hydrogen, refueled. By way of example, the compressed gas storage is off 2 shown. The gas station 30 to hold a storage tank 32 filled with compressed or even liquid hydrogen. Through a line 34 becomes the compressed gas storage 10 Hydrogen supplied and in the compressed gas storage 10 compressed to the desired pressure.

Die nicht näher dargestellte Kühlvorrichtung 20 des Druckgasspeichers 10 ist mit einem Kühlkreislauf 40 der Tankstelle 30 verbunden. In einer Zuführleitung 38 wird kalter Wasserstoff als Wärmetauschermedium über einen Wärmetauscher 42 und eine Pumpe 44 bereitgestellt. Eine Rücklaufleitung 36 nimmt das aus der Kühlvorrichtung 20 des Druckgasspeichers 10 austretende, erwärmte Wärmetauschermedium auf.The cooling device, not shown 20 of compressed gas storage 10 is with a cooling circuit 40 the gas station 30 connected. In a supply line 38 becomes cold hydrogen as heat exchange medium over a heat exchanger 42 and a pump 44 provided. A return line 36 Take this out of the cooler 20 of compressed gas storage 10 emerging, heated heat exchanger medium.

Beim Betanken wird der Druckgasspeicher 10 mit einem nicht näher dargestellten Betankungsstutzen in Wirkverbindung gebracht, der Gas des Druckgasspeichers 10 und in die Kühlvorrichtung 20 leitet und aus der Kühlvorrichtung 20 zurückführt. Die Kühlvorrichtung 20 kann auch separat von einer Betankungsvorrichtung des Druckgasspeichers 10 mit Wärmetauschermedium versorgt werden.When refueling the compressed gas storage 10 brought into operative connection with a refueling nozzle, not shown, the gas of the compressed gas storage 10 and into the cooler 20 conducts and out of the cooler 20 returns. The cooling device 20 can also be separated from a refueling device of the compressed gas storage 10 be supplied with heat exchange medium.

Claims (8)

Druckgasspeicher mit einem Gehäuse (12) mit wenigstens einer Gehäusewand, einem Innenraum (22) sowie wenigstens einem Eingang (14) und wenigstens einer Einfüllvorrichtung (16, 24) zum Befüllen des Innenraums (22) mit Gas, wobei in dem Druckgasspeicher (10) wenigstens eine Kühlvorrichtung (20), für die wenigstens ein Wärmeübertragungsmedium vorgesehen ist, und eine Abzweigung (18) der Einfüllvorrichtung (16) angeordnet sind, mit der ein Teil des zuströmenden Gases als Wärmeübertragungsmedium in mindestens eine der wenigstens einen Kühlvorrichtung (20) leitbar ist.Compressed gas storage with a housing ( 12 ) with at least one housing wall, an interior ( 22 ) and at least one input ( 14 ) and at least one filling device ( 16 . 24 ) for filling the interior ( 22 ) with gas, wherein in the compressed gas storage ( 10 ) at least one cooling device ( 20 ), for which at least one heat transfer medium is provided, and a branch ( 18 ) of the filling device ( 16 ) are arranged, with a portion of the incoming gas as a heat transfer medium in at least one of the at least one cooling device ( 20 ) is conductive. Druckgasspeicher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlvorrichtung (20) an der Gehäusewand angeordnet ist.Gas pressure accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling device ( 20 ) is arranged on the housing wall. Druckgasspeicher nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlvorrichtung (20) als Kühlwendel ausgebildet ist, die den Innenraum (22) umschlingt.Compressed gas storage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cooling device ( 20 ) is designed as a cooling coil, the interior ( 22 ) wraps around. Druckgasspeicher nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (12) doppelwandig ausgeführt und die Kühlwendel im Doppelwandbereich angeordnet ist.Gas pressure accumulator according to claim 3, characterized in that the housing ( 12 ) double-walled and the cooling coil is arranged in the double wall area. Druckgasspeicher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine von der Einfüllvorrichtung (16) für Gas getrennte Einfüllvorrichtung (24) für ein Wärmeübertragungsmedium vorgesehen ist.Compressed gas storage tank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the filling device ( 16 ) for gas separate filling device ( 24 ) is provided for a heat transfer medium. Druckgasspeicher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlvorrichtung (20) mit einem Betankungsstutzen in Wirkverbindung bringbar ist, wobei ein Teil des zuströmenden Gases als Wärmeübertragungsmedium in die Kühlvorrichtung (20) leitbar ist.Gas pressure accumulator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling device ( 20 ) can be brought into operative connection with a refueling connection, whereby a part of the incoming gas as heat transfer medium into the cooling device ( 20 ) is conductive. Druckgasspeicher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gas Wasserstoff ist.Pressure gas storage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the gas is hydrogen. Druckgasspeicher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (12) wenigstens bereichsweise aus Kohlefaser gebildet ist.Compressed gas storage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 12 ) is at least partially formed of carbon fiber.
DE102006019993A 2006-04-26 2006-04-26 Compressed gas e.g. hydrogen, storage for e.g. fuel cell vehicle, has cooling device provided for heat transfer medium, where part of gas is supplied as heat transfer medium to cooling device through branching of filling device Expired - Fee Related DE102006019993B3 (en)

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DE102010033956B4 (en) * 2010-07-16 2012-11-08 Thorben Meinardus Pressure gas storage device with at least one compressed gas tank and with a heat absorption and / or heat transfer device, in particular with a heat exchanger
WO2014135258A1 (en) * 2013-03-08 2014-09-12 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method for filling a storage container with a pressurized gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen
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DE102015008563A1 (en) 2015-07-02 2017-01-05 Daimler Ag Device for cooling a compressed gas container
DE202019101811U1 (en) * 2019-03-29 2020-06-30 Faun Umwelttechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Container for storing a gas with internal cooling
US11738636B2 (en) 2019-09-05 2023-08-29 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for conformable fuel tank
DE102019131405A1 (en) * 2019-11-21 2021-05-27 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for filling a pressure vessel of a motor vehicle
FR3119376A1 (en) * 2021-01-29 2022-08-05 Safran SET FOR TURBOMACHINE

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