DE102006017511A1 - Packed bed carburetor for reactor, has gas emission and gas accumulation chambers connected with each other by blower and gas compressor so that recirculation of gas is made possible, where chambers are provided at height of reduction zone - Google Patents

Abstract

The carburetor has an air supply regulated at a height of an oxidation zone, and a gas emission chamber (4) and a gas accumulation chamber (3) provided at a height of a reduction zone. The gas emission chamber and the gas accumulation chamber are connected with each other by a blower and a gas compressor so that recirculation of the gas is made possible. A shaft chamber is separated from the gas emission chamber and the gas accumulation chamber by a grill (5).

Description

Fixed bed gasifier in cocurrent method in longitudinal construction for producing lean gas from carbonaceous materials especially lumpy Wood and lignocellulosic fuel.

In the DC carburetor fuel and the resulting gas mixture flow down - descending gasification, with the tar-containing gas passing the hot fire zone. As a result, the tar compounds are split into volatile constituents, and the more complete the more uniformly a thick ember bed satisfies the entire gasifier cross section. For an increase in performance of such a system over 1 MW _therm is an enlargement of the cross-section into consideration. However, until now it has been shown that with increasing cross-sectional enlargement hardly any ideal glowing image can be kept inside the carburettor cross-section and between the nozzles, despite the numerous air supply nozzles arranged all around. Thus, easily "holes" or "black", not glowing spots arise by bridging. The gases flowing through here experience no or only insufficient cracking and accordingly contain too much long-chain tar constituents. Furthermore, as a result of inhomogeneity of the fuel material with respect to the nature of the fractions and the different moisture content within a filling, uneven burnout occurs. With a rectangular change in the cross section, no satisfactory results could be obtained so far. When using open gas, which work with so-called upper air, although you could achieve a uniform flow through the material and thus significantly lower tar contents, however, the calorific value of the resulting gas proved due to the high CO ₂ content as very low. The invention sets itself the task of significantly increasing the cross section of the carburetor to allow an increase in performance. The air supply to be designed such that a uniform flow through the fuel is made possible and a feed lock is necessary only in individual cases. To change the outgassing zone such that a sufficient flow velocity is achieved in the reduction zone.

These Task is inventively characterized solved, that a power increase of the reactor by an extension realized in the longitudinal axis can be. Constructive change the reduction zone by dividing it into a gas collection room and a degassing space is characterized.

One embodiment The invention is illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

It demonstrate

1 Front view of the shaft space in vertical section

2 Front view with circulating fan and cyclone and manhole in vertical section

3 Horizontal section at the height of the air inlet openings

4 Horizontal section at the height of the gas collection room and outgassing room

The entry of the bulk material takes place through the above funnel-shaped material feed opening 1 , A uniform feed over the entire length of the reactor is to be ensured by appropriate measures (vibrating trough, screw conveyor, etc.). The shaft has, with the exception of the outgassing zone over the entire height of a constant cross-section, whereby a trouble-free material flow is ensured. Halfway up the fireproof 12 bricked or lined with high-alloy steel shaft are each on the long sides air inlet openings 2 arranged. An isolation layer 13 minimizes heat loss. Since the carburettor can be operated without a material lock, by appropriate control of the throttle bodies 15 the additional air supplied variably and held together with the so-called upper air (highly dependent on the material condition) the oxidation zone stable. Otherwise the height of the oxidation zone would vary greatly according to the respective load. Furthermore, a corresponding readjustment of the additional air is possible if the oxidation temperature is too low. In the lower third of the carburetor shaft (reduction zone) are on the long sides grates, which the shaft space from the gas collection chamber 3 and outgassing room 4 separate. Here are the rust 5 and the rust 6 offset in height. Depending on the material properties, these are to be designed with different inclinations and grids. By the circulation fan 7 The resulting lean gas through the lower grate in the outgassing 4 sucked and into the gas collection room 3 guided. Part of the gas is the gas collection chamber at the gas outlet opening 14 while the other part passes the reduction zone again. The flow rate is thereby increased significantly and nachgecrackt remaining tar shares. Furthermore, existing CO _{2 is converted} to CO. By a power regulation of the fan, the flow rate in the reduction zone is changed and adapted to the gas quality, as well as the withdrawal rate. Through the interposition of a cyclone 8th the gas stream can be precleaned from fly ash to resulting ash Collections on the grate 5 of the gas collection room 3 to minimize. The ash and residue discharge takes place by screw conveyors 9 . 10 u. 11 in the longitudinal direction over the housing bottom or by other discharge devices. In doing so, it must be ensured via sluices (or similar devices) that no ambient air can be sucked in via the discharge or that weak gas can escape.

Claims (1)

Fixed bed gasifier in the DC method for generating Low gas from carbonaceous materials, in particular from lumpy Wood or wood waste, characterized by the following features: 1 of the carburetor can without material filling lock operate 2 the shaft with the exception of the outgassing zone has over height a nearly constant cross section 2.1 the carburettor cross section is rectangular or oval oblong accomplished 3 the air supply has in height the oxidation zone over a readjustment 4 in height the reduction zone consist of at least one outgassing space and gas collection room, which over fan or gas compressor are connected to each other, so that a circulation of the resulting gas allows becomes 4.1 if necessary, a cyclone is interposed 5 of the Outgassing room and the gas storage room are by grates; lamellar structures or other separations gas-permeable connected to the shaft space.