DE102006011537B4 - Energy storage for a motor vehicle with a hybrid drive - Google Patents
Energy storage for a motor vehicle with a hybrid drive Download PDFInfo
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- DE102006011537B4 DE102006011537B4 DE102006011537.6A DE102006011537A DE102006011537B4 DE 102006011537 B4 DE102006011537 B4 DE 102006011537B4 DE 102006011537 A DE102006011537 A DE 102006011537A DE 102006011537 B4 DE102006011537 B4 DE 102006011537B4
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- energy storage
- spare wheel
- wheel well
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- electrochemical battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/08—Structural combinations, e.g. assembly or connection, of hybrid or EDL capacitors with other electric components, at least one hybrid or EDL capacitor being the main component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/66—Current collectors
- H01G11/70—Current collectors characterised by their structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
- H01G11/82—Fixing or assembling a capacitive element in a housing, e.g. mounting electrodes, current collectors or terminals in containers or encapsulations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
- H01G2/02—Mountings
- H01G2/04—Mountings specially adapted for mounting on a chassis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
Abstract
Energiespeicher für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Hybridantrieb durch eine Brennkraftmaschine und eine Elektromaschine, wobei der Energiespeicher in einer Ersatzradmulde (2) im Bodenbereich des Kraftfahrzeuges angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Energiespeicher als eine aus mindestens einer elektrochemischen Batterie (3) und einem Kondensatorspeicher (4) kombinierte Energiespeichereinheit ausgestaltet ist, wobei die elektrochemische Batterie (3) annähernd im Flächenmittelpunkt der Ersatzradmulde (2) angeordnet ist und wobei der Kondensatorspeicher (4) mehrere separate Einzelkondensatorzellen (4... 4) aufweist, welche derart angeordnet sind, dass sie die elektrochemische Batterie (3) auf zumindest einem Teilabschnitt ihrer Außenkontur kreisringförmig umgeben.Energy store for a motor vehicle with a hybrid drive by an internal combustion engine and an electric machine, the energy store being arranged in a spare wheel well (2) in the floor area of the motor vehicle, characterized in that the energy store is composed of at least one electrochemical battery (3) and a capacitor store ( 4) combined energy storage unit is configured, the electrochemical battery (3) being arranged approximately in the center of the area of the spare wheel well (2) and the capacitor store (4) having a plurality of separate individual capacitor cells (4 ... 4) which are arranged such that they surround the electrochemical battery (3) in an annular manner on at least a portion of its outer contour.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Energiespeicher für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Hybridantrieb durch eine Brennkraftmaschine und eine Elektromaschine, wobei der Energiespeicher in einer Ersatzradmulde im Bodenbereich des Kraftfahrzeuges angeordnet ist.The invention relates to an energy store for a motor vehicle with a hybrid drive by an internal combustion engine and an electric machine, the energy store being arranged in a spare wheel well in the floor area of the motor vehicle.
Kraftfahrzeuge mit Hybridantrieb weisen zwei miteinander kombinierte Antriebseinheiten mit unterschiedlichem Wirkprinzip auf. Hierbei bieten parallele Hybridkonzepte die Möglichkeit, in unterschiedlichen Betriebszuständen eines Kraftfahrzeuges jeweils die Antriebseinheit zu verwenden, die im relevanten Drehzahl-Last-Bereich einen besseren Wirkungsgrad aufweist. Besonders vorteilhaft ergänzen sich die Eigenschaften einer Brennkraftmaschine und einer Elektromaschine. Deshalb werden Kraftfahrzeuge mit Hybridantrieb überwiegend mit einer derartigen Antriebskombination ausgestattet, wobei für die Anbindung der Elektromaschine an die Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine verschiedene Varianten möglich sind, beispielsweise als direkte Verbindung oder mit einer Kupplung, einem Riementrieb oder einem Getriebe.Motor vehicles with hybrid drive have two combined drive units with different operating principles. Parallel hybrid concepts offer the option of using the drive unit in different operating states of a motor vehicle, which has a better efficiency in the relevant speed-load range. The properties of an internal combustion engine and an electric machine complement each other particularly advantageously. For this reason, motor vehicles with hybrid drives are predominantly equipped with such a drive combination, with various variants being possible for connecting the electric machine to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, for example as a direct connection or with a clutch, a belt drive or a transmission.
Die Nutzung der Elektromaschine kann auf Bereiche mit geringen Lastanforderungen beschränkt werden, in denen die Brennkraftmaschine lediglich geringe Wirkungsgrade aufweist. Hingegen werden höhere Lastanforderungen genutzt, um mittels der Brennkraftmaschine mit einem dann relativ guten Wirkungsgrad die elektrischen Energiespeicher durch zusätzlichen Generatorbetrieb der Elektromaschine wieder zu laden. Weiterhin kann die Leistungsabgabe von Brennkraftmaschine und Elektromaschine auch parallel erfolgen, um beispielsweise das maximale Drehmoment zu steigern.The use of the electric machine can be restricted to areas with low load requirements in which the internal combustion engine has only low efficiencies. In contrast, higher load requirements are used in order to recharge the electrical energy stores by means of the internal combustion engine with a then relatively good efficiency by additional generator operation of the electrical machine. Furthermore, the power output of the internal combustion engine and the electric machine can also take place in parallel, for example to increase the maximum torque.
Als elektrische Energiespeicher werden bei Kraftfahrzeugen mit Hybridantrieb überwiegend zyklenfeste Batterien eingesetzt. Diese weisen in vorteilhafter Weise eine relativ hohe volumen- und massenbezogene Energiedichte auf, sie sind jedoch bezüglich der erreichbaren Leistungsaufnahme und Leistungsabgabe begrenzt. Weiterhin ist die Lebensdauer derartiger Batterien über die durchgesetzte (also über die ein- und ausgespeicherte) Energie begrenzt, so dass eine starke Zyklisierung eine verminderte Lebensdauer bewirkt.Cycle-proof batteries are predominantly used as electrical energy stores in motor vehicles with hybrid drive. These advantageously have a relatively high volume and mass-related energy density, but they are limited with regard to the achievable power consumption and power output. Furthermore, the lifespan of such batteries is limited by the energy that is passed through (that is, by the stored and stored energy), so that a strong cyclization results in a shorter lifespan.
Anstelle von zyklenfesten Batterien können auch andere Energiespeichertypen verwendet werden. So ist die Anwendung eines Kondensatorspeichers möglich, der im Vergleich zu Batterien mit erheblich höheren Zyklenzahlen praktisch unbegrenzt zyklisch belastet werden kann. Allerdings besteht ein Nachteil eines solchen Kondensatorspeichers gegenüber einer Batterie in der auf das Volumen bezogen erheblich geringeren einspeicherbaren Energie (Energiedichte). Demzufolge kann ein Kondensatorspeicher aufgrund des in einem Fahrzeug nur begrenzt vorhandenen Bauraums im Belastungsfall nur eine vergleichsweise geringe Energiemenge zur Verfügung stellen.Instead of deep cycle batteries, other types of energy storage can be used. This makes it possible to use a capacitor store that can be cyclically loaded practically indefinitely compared to batteries with significantly higher cycle numbers. However, a disadvantage of such a capacitor store compared to a battery is that the storable energy (energy density) is considerably lower in terms of volume. As a result, due to the limited space available in a vehicle, a capacitor store can only provide a comparatively small amount of energy in the event of a load.
In
Die für Hybridkonzepte eingesetzten Kondensatorspeicher werden überwiegend als sog. Doppelschichtkondensatoren mit einer zylindrischen oder prismatischen Außenkontur ausgestaltet. Damit bei einer vorgegebenen Spannungslage für die elektrische Antriebseinheit eine ausreichende Kapazität erreichbar ist, müssen mehrere dieser Kondensatorspeicher in Reihe geschaltet werden. Hierbei werden die Kondensatoren vorzugsweise in einer kompakten Einheit verbaut.The capacitor stores used for hybrid concepts are mainly designed as so-called double-layer capacitors with a cylindrical or prismatic outer contour. So that a sufficient capacity can be reached for the electrical drive unit at a given voltage level, several of these capacitor stores must be connected in series. Here, the capacitors are preferably installed in a compact unit.
Unabhängig von der jeweils konkreten Ausgestaltung der Energiespeicher als Batterie oder Kondensator besteht grundsätzlich das Problem, diesen Energiespeicher baulich akzeptabel in das Fahrzeug zu integrieren. Hierfür sind verschiedenartige Vorgaben zu beachten. Beispielsweise sollen Kosten verursachende Änderungen am Fahrzeugrohbau vermieden werden, keine oder lediglich geringe Reduzierungen des verfügbaren Fahrgast- bzw. Gepäckraumes auftreten, günstige Temperaturbedingungen und eine gute Zugänglichkeit für Wartungsarbeiten gewährleistet sowie mögliche Gefahren für die Fahrzeugnutzer durch Gase, Dämpfe oder elektrische Schläge reduziert werden. Zur Erfüllung dieser teilweise konträren Anforderungen ist bereits mehrfach vorgeschlagen worden, einen Energiespeicher in der Ersatzradmulde im hinteren Bodenbereich eines Fahrzeuges anzuordnen.Regardless of the specific configuration of the energy storage device as a battery or capacitor, there is basically the problem of integrating this energy storage device into the vehicle in a structurally acceptable manner. Various specifications must be observed for this. For example, cost-related changes to the vehicle body shell are to be avoided, there are no or only slight reductions in the available passenger or luggage space, favorable temperature conditions and good accessibility for maintenance work are to be ensured, and possible hazards for vehicle users from gases, vapors or electric shocks are to be reduced. To meet these partially contradictory requirements, it has already been proposed several times to arrange an energy store in the spare wheel well in the rear floor area of a vehicle.
Ein diesbezügliches Kraftfahrzeug mit einem in einer Mulde am Karosserieboden gelagerten Ersatzrad ist aus
Bei der Konstruktion gemäß
In
Diese Konstruktion wird in
Die oben benannten technischen Lösungen sind grundsätzlich geeignet, um in einer muldenförmigen Ausnehmung im hinteren Bodenbereich des Fahrzeuges zusätzlich zum eigentlichen Ersatzrad einen vorzugsweise als Batterie ausgestalteten Energiespeicher anzuordnen. Folglich ist der für den Energiespeicher verfügbare Bauraum auf die freien Konturabschnitte des Ersatzrades begrenzt. Diese Abschnitte sind jedoch überwiegend nicht ausreichend groß für Energiespeicher, die aufgrund ihrer Nutzung für Hybridantriebe größere elektrische Leistungen bereitstellen müssen und deshalb größere Bauräume beanspruchen.The technical solutions mentioned above are basically suitable for arranging an energy store, preferably designed as a battery, in a trough-shaped recess in the rear floor area of the vehicle in addition to the actual spare wheel. Consequently, the space available for the energy store is limited to the free contour sections of the spare wheel. However, these sections are predominantly not large enough for energy stores which, because of their use for hybrid drives, have to provide greater electrical power and therefore require larger installation spaces.
In
Aus
Eine diesbezügliche Konstruktion für einen Hybridantrieb mit Brennkraftmaschine und Elektromaschine ist aus der Zeitschrift „auto motor sport“ (2005 / Heft
Aus der
Aus der
Aus der
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Energiespeicher für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Hybridantrieb zu schaffen, der sowohl eine hohe Speicherkapazität ermöglicht als auch mit hohen Zyklenzahlen zyklisch belastbar ist sowie mit geringem Aufwand in der Ersatzradmulde angeordnet werden kann.The object of the invention is to provide an energy store for a motor vehicle with a hybrid drive, which both enables a high storage capacity and is cyclically loadable with high number of cycles and can be arranged in the spare wheel well with little effort.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst, indem der Energiespeicher als eine aus mindestens einer elektrochemischen Batterie und einem Kondensatorspeicher kombinierte Energiespeichereinheit ausgestaltet ist, wobei die elektrochemische Batterie annähernd im Flächenmittelpunkt der Ersatzradmulde angeordnet ist und wobei der Kondensatorspeicher mehrere separate Einzelkondensatorzellen aufweist, welche derart angeordnet sind, dass sie die elektrochemische Batterie auf zumindest einem Teilabschnitt ihrer Außenkontur kreisringförmig umgeben. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche, deren Merkmale im Ausführungsbeispiel näher beschrieben werden.This object is achieved in that the energy store as an energy storage unit combined from at least one electrochemical battery and a capacitor store is configured, the electrochemical battery being arranged approximately in the center of the area of the spare wheel well and the capacitor store having a plurality of separate individual capacitor cells, which are arranged such that they surround the electrochemical battery in an annular manner on at least a portion of its outer contour. Advantageous refinements are the subject of the dependent claims, the features of which are described in more detail in the exemplary embodiment.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung eines Energiespeichers für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit Hybridantrieb sind die Vorteile einer elektrochemischen Batterie und eines Kondensatorspeichers miteinander kombiniert. Dabei werden die zyklischen Vorgänge der Energieeinspeicherung und Energieausspeicherung überwiegend vom Kondensatorspeicher abgewickelt, während die Batterie nur bei selten auftretenden langandauernden elektrischen Belastungsphasen genutzt wird.The inventive design of an energy store for a motor vehicle with hybrid drive combines the advantages of an electrochemical battery and a capacitor store. The cyclical processes of energy storage and energy storage are mainly handled by the capacitor storage, while the battery is only used in the case of infrequent, long-lasting electrical load phases.
Durch die Anordnung der gesamten Energiespeichereinheit in der vorzugsweise im Hinterwagen des Kraftfahrzeuges ausgebildeten Ersatzradmulde sind keine oder lediglich geringe Änderungen am Rohbau der Karosserie notwendig. Der Kofferraumboden muss in Abhängigkeit der konkreten Bauhöhe der Energiespeicher und der Tiefe der Ersatzradmulde nicht oder nur geringfügig angehoben werden. Somit wird das Kofferraumvolumen kaum vermindert. Sollte eine Reparatur oder ein Austausch der Energiespeicher notwendig werden, ist dies infolge der guten Erreichbarkeit dieser Bauteile in der Ersatzradmulde mit geringem Montage- und Zeitaufwand möglich.The arrangement of the entire energy storage unit in the spare wheel well, which is preferably formed in the rear of the motor vehicle, means that no or only minor changes to the bodyshell of the body are necessary. The trunk floor does not have to be raised, or only slightly, depending on the specific height of the energy storage device and the depth of the spare wheel well. So the trunk volume is hardly reduced. If a repair or replacement of the energy storage becomes necessary, this is possible due to the easy accessibility of these components in the spare wheel well with little installation and time.
Durch die vorgeschlagene Anordnung der Energiespeicher in der Ersatzradmulde wird der üblicherweise zylinderförmige Bauraum einer Ersatzradmulde optimal genutzt und gleichzeitig eine gute Wärmeabfuhr gewährleistet. Der Abstand der einzelnen Segmente zueinander und die Gesamtoberfläche werden so gewählt, dass eine ausreichende Konvektion in der Ersatzradmulde möglich ist. Dabei verhindert eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Einzelkondensatorzellen zu starke Temperaturunterschiede zwischen diesen einzelnen Baugruppen.The proposed arrangement of the energy store in the spare wheel well makes optimal use of the usually cylindrical space of a spare wheel well and at the same time ensures good heat dissipation. The distance between the individual segments and the total surface are selected so that sufficient convection in the spare wheel well is possible. A uniform distribution of the individual capacitor cells prevents excessive temperature differences between these individual assemblies.
Sofern die Energiespeicher wie bei einer Anwendung in einem Kraftfahrzeug mit Hybridantrieb z.B. durch Einspeicherung von rekuperierter Bremsenergie und durch Ausspeicherung für die Bordnetzversorgung und elektrische Antriebsunterstützung stark zyklisiert werden, ergibt sich eine Erwärmung dieser Bauteile. Diese Wärmeenergie kann durch die exponierte Lage der Ersatzradmulde über deren Außenwände vorteilhaft an die Umgebung abgegeben werden. Dieser Effekt wird bei schnellerer Fahrt durch die dann massive Luftumströmung der Ersatzradmulde zusätzlich unterstützt. Zudem sind die Kondensatorspeicher, die bei starker Zyklisierung der Energiespeicher bevorzugt zur Energieein- bzw. Energieausspeicherung vorgesehen sind und sich somit früher erwärmen als die elektrochemische Batterie, in unmittelbarer Nähe zur Außenwand der Ersatzradmulde angeordnet. Folglich kann die Wärmeenergie auf kürzestem Wege aus der Ersatzradmulde abgeleitet werden.If the energy storage, as in an application in a motor vehicle with a hybrid drive, e.g. These components are heated up by storing recuperated braking energy and storing them for the on-board electrical system supply and electrical drive support. This heat energy can advantageously be released to the environment through the exposed position of the spare wheel well via its outer walls. This effect is further supported by the massive air flow around the spare wheel well when driving faster. In addition, the capacitor stores, which are preferably provided for energy storage or energy storage in the event of strong cyclization of the energy stores and thus heat up earlier than the electrochemical battery, are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the outer wall of the spare wheel well. As a result, the thermal energy can be derived from the spare wheel well in the shortest possible way.
Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawing.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausschnitt aus dem Bodenbereich
Der Energiespeicher ist als eine aus mindestens einer elektrochemischen Batterie
Der Kondensatorspeicher
Die Einzelkondensatorzellen
Vorzugsweise sind - wie in der Zeichnung dargestellt - die elektrochemischen Batterien
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung wird vorgeschlagen, dass die in der Ersatzradmulde
BezugszeichenlisteReference list
- 11
- Bodenbereich der KarosserieFloor area of the body
- 22nd
- ErsatzradmuldeSpare wheel well
- 33rd
- elektrochemische Batterieelectrochemical battery
- 44th
- KondensatorspeicherCapacitor storage
- 41 ... 4n 4 1 ... 4 n
- EinzelkondensatorzellenSingle capacitor cells
Claims (10)
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DE102010004549B4 (en) * | 2010-01-14 | 2020-06-18 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Motor vehicle |
US9381798B2 (en) | 2010-01-14 | 2016-07-05 | Dr. Ing. H.C.F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Battery system and motor vehicle |
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EP1454797A1 (en) | 2003-03-07 | 2004-09-08 | FIAT AUTO S.p.A. | Supporting structure for housing vehicle components and/or accessories and vehicle featuring such a supporting structure |
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