DE102005062759A1 - Current measuring method for multi-phase power supply system in motor vehicle, involves shifting clock sample, when measuring window falls below preset parameter, in such a way that another window of sufficient parameter is formed - Google Patents
Current measuring method for multi-phase power supply system in motor vehicle, involves shifting clock sample, when measuring window falls below preset parameter, in such a way that another window of sufficient parameter is formed Download PDFInfo
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- DE102005062759A1 DE102005062759A1 DE102005062759A DE102005062759A DE102005062759A1 DE 102005062759 A1 DE102005062759 A1 DE 102005062759A1 DE 102005062759 A DE102005062759 A DE 102005062759A DE 102005062759 A DE102005062759 A DE 102005062759A DE 102005062759 A1 DE102005062759 A1 DE 102005062759A1
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- measurement
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- measuring
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
- G01R19/2506—Arrangements for conditioning or analysing measured signals, e.g. for indicating peak values ; Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
- G01R19/2509—Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
- G01R31/42—AC power supplies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
- H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Strommessung mit den im Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmalen.The The invention relates to a method for current measurement with the in claim 1 mentioned features.
Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Strommessung mit den im Anspruch 6 genannten Merkmalen.Further The invention relates to a device for measuring current with the in claim 6 mentioned features.
Stand der Technikwas standing of the technique
Verfahren zur Strommessung sind insbesondere bei getakteten Anwendungen im Kfz-Bereich erforderlich, bei denen insbesondere mittels eines Wechselrichters eine Sinusbestromung eines Verbrauchers wie einer elektrische Maschine, z.B. einer Asynchrondrehstrommaschine erzeugt wird. Die ermittelten Messwerte dienen dabei zur Überwachung, zur Regelung oder zum Schutz durch Abschaltung bei Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Grenzwerts.method for current measurement are especially in clocked applications in the Automotive area required, in particular by means of an inverter a sine current of a consumer such as an electric machine, e.g. an Asynchronous rotary machine is generated. The determined Measured values are used for monitoring, for Control or protection by switching off when a predetermined Limit.
Üblicherweise werden zur Strommessung niederohmige Strommesswiderstände, sogenannte Strommessshunts bzw. Shuntwiderstände mit einem nachgeschalteten Differenzverstärker zur Signalaufbereitung verwendet.Usually are used for current measurement low-impedance current measuring resistors, so-called current measuring shunts or shunt resistors with a downstream differential amplifier for signal conditioning used.
Bei einer konventionellen Stromregelung in einem Drehstromnetz mit drei Phasen ist es erforderlich, mindestens zwei Phasenströme der drei Phasenströme zu messen. Um die benötigen Messungen und einen Überstromschutz zu realisieren werden drei Shuntwiderstände benötigt. Es ist dabei eine zeitgleiche Messung des Wechselrichters möglich. Dabei erzeugt die Taktung der Schaltzustände kein hörbares Geräusch, wenn keine periodischen Änderungen im Taktmuster vorgenommen werden um den Strom zu messen.at a conventional power control in a three-phase network with three In phases, it is necessary to have at least two phase currents of the three phase currents to eat. To the need Measurements and overcurrent protection To realize three shunt resistors are needed. It is a simultaneous one Measurement of the inverter possible. there the timing of the switching states produces no audible noise when no periodic changes be made in the clock pattern to measure the current.
Bei einer Messung mit nur einem Shuntwiderstand werden die Transistoren eines Wechselrichters durch vorgegebene Schaltzeiten angesteuert. Dies erlaubt eine zeitnahe, aufeinanderfolgende Messung aller drei Ströme.at a measurement with only one shunt resistor become the transistors of an inverter controlled by predetermined switching times. This allows a timely, consecutive measurement of all three streams.
Jedoch ist hierbei eine minimale Messfenstergröße erforderlich. So werden periodisch, z.B. im ms-Bereich, alle zur Strommessung der drei Phasenströme benötigten Schaltzustände der Transistoren durchlaufen, um so eine zeitnahe Messung der drei Phasenströme zu ermöglichen. Diese periodische Abweichung vom Bestromungs-Taktmuster, das zur Erzeugung einer sinusförmigen Bestromung verwendet wird, erzeugt aber ein hörbares Geräusch, wenn normalerweise mit 20 kHz getaktet wird, da die Änderungen dann Frequenzen im hörbaren Bereich erzeugen. Die Taktfrequenz kann nicht mehr erhöht werden, weil noch mehr Taktverluste entstehen und Totzeiteffekte nicht vernachlässigbar sind.however In this case, a minimum measuring window size is required. So be periodically, e.g. in the ms range, all the switching states required to measure the current of the three phase currents Transverse through transistors, so as to enable a timely measurement of the three phase currents. This periodic deviation from the Bestromungs clock pattern, which is used to generate a sinusoidal Energizing is used, but produces an audible sound when normally with 20 kHz is clocked, as the changes then frequencies in the audible Create area. The clock frequency can not be increased anymore, because even more clock losses occur and dead time effects are not negligible are.
Es sind weitere Verfahren bekannt, die unter Verwendung eines Shuntwiderstandes die Messung der drei Phasenströme erlauben, siehe z.B. Application note von Texas Instruments, Three Phase Current Measurement Using a Single Line Resitor on the TMS320F240, Literature number: BPRA077, May 1998). Dies Verfahren hat jedoch den Nachteil, dass die Messung asynchron zu der Taktperiode erfolgt. Daher muss der Messzeitpunkt bei diesem Verfahren für jede Taktperiode neu berechnet werden und die Tastverhältnisse müssen entsprechend angepasst werden. Dies bedeutet für einen μ-Controller einer Steuereinheit einen hohen Rechenaufwand allein aufgrund der Strommessung. Dieses Verfahren und andere, ver gleichbare Verfahren, bei denen das Taktmuster zyklisch geändert wird, verursachen auch ein erhebliches akustisches Geräusch bei Taktfrequenzen von 20 kHz.It Further methods are known which use a shunt resistor the measurement of the three phase currents allow, see e.g. Application note from Texas Instruments, Three Phase Current Measurement Using a Single Line Resistor on the TMS320F240, Literature number: BPRA077, May 1998). However, this procedure has the disadvantage that the measurement is asynchronous to the clock period. Therefore In this procedure, the measurement time must be recalculated for each clock period and the duty cycles have to be adjusted accordingly. This means for a μ-controller of a control unit high computational effort due to the current measurement alone. This method and other similar methods in which the clock pattern is cyclic changed will also cause a significant acoustic noise Clock frequencies of 20 kHz.
Offenbarung der Erfindungepiphany the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mit den im Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmalen bietet demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass dadurch, dass die Taktmuster zeitlich verschoben oder geändert werden, wenn ein Messfenster eine vorgegebene Größe unterschreitet, derart, das ein Messfenster ausreichender Größe gebildet wird, im Wesentlichen keine vom Menschen wahrnehmbaren Geräusche erzeugt werden und zugleich unter Verwendung eines Strommesswiderstands alle Phasenströme gemessen werden können.The inventive method with the features mentioned in claim 1 offers the other hand Advantage that in that the clock pattern is shifted in time or changed are, if a measurement window falls below a predetermined size, so, a measurement window of sufficient size is formed, essentially no human perceptible noises are generated and at the same time using a current sense resistor, all phase currents are measured can be.
In bevorzugter Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass mittels steuerbarer Schaltelemente ein 3-phasiger Drehstrom, erzeugt wird. Hierzu sind insgesamt sechs steuerbare Schaltelemente vorgesehen, die einen Wechselrichter bilden und aus einem Gleichstrom 3-phasigen Drehstrom erzeugen, wobei die Steuereinheit entsprechend ausgebildet ist.In preferred embodiment is provided that by means of controllable switching elements a 3-phase Three-phase current is generated. There are a total of six taxable persons for this purpose Provided switching elements that form an inverter and off generate a DC three-phase AC, the control unit is designed accordingly.
Es ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass als Verbraucher ein Drehstrom-Asynchronmotor bestromt wird. Dabei ist die Steuereinheit und der Wechselrichter zur Erzeugung von Drehstrom variabler Frequenz ausgebildet, um z.B. ein Anlaufen des Drehstrom-Asynchronmotors ohne weitere Hilfsmittel zu ermöglichen.It is preferably provided that a three-phase asynchronous motor is energized as a consumer. In this case, the control unit and the inverter for generating of variable-frequency three-phase current, e.g. a start the three-phase asynchronous motor without additional aids.
Ferner ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass in je einem Messfenster die Messung eines Phasenstromes möglich ist. Hierzu erfolgt die Strommessung aller Phasenströme an einem Strommesswiderstand, durch den ein Summenstrom, gebildet aus der Summe aller Phasenströme, fließt. Dabei erlauben die Messfenster die Messung jedes einzelnen Phasenstromes oder alternativ die Messung einer ausgewählten Anzahl der Phasenströme.Further is preferably provided that in each case a measurement window, the measurement a phase current possible is. For this, the current measurement of all phase currents takes place at one Current measuring resistor, through which a total current, formed from the Sum of all phase currents, flows. The measuring windows allow the measurement of each individual phase current or alternatively the measurement of a selected number of the phase currents.
Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass bei jedem Periodenbeginn 2 Messfenster gebildet werden, um so zwei Phasenströme zu bestimmen und den dritten Phasenstrom aus den bereits bestimmten Phasenströmen zu berechnen.It is preferably provided that at each Period start 2 measurement windows are formed so as to determine two phase currents and to calculate the third phase current from the already determined phase currents.
Zur Erfindung gehört ferner eine Vorrichtung zur Strommessung, insbesondere ausgebildet zur Strommessung in einem mehrphasigen Stromnetz, mit wenigstens einem steuerbaren Schaltelement zur im Wesentlichen sinusförmigen Bestromung eines Verbrauchers, wobei eine Steuereinheit zur Erzeugung von auf das wenigstens eine Schaltelement wirkenden Ansteuersignalen ausgebildet ist, um eine im Wesentlichen sinusförmige Bestromung Bestromung des Verbrauchers zu erreichen, wobei Taktmuster der Ansteuersignale Messfenster zur Messung von elektrischen Strömen, insbesondere von Phasenströmen, bilden. Dadurch, dass die Steuereinheit ferner derart ausgebildet ist, dass die Taktmuster zeitlich verschoben werden, wenn ein Messfenster eine vorgegebene Größe unterschreitet, derart, das ein Messfenster ausreichender Größe zur Verfügung steht, wird eine erhebliche Geräuschreduzierung erreicht.to Invention belongs Furthermore, a device for current measurement, in particular formed for current measurement in a multi-phase power network, with at least a controllable switching element for substantially sinusoidal current supply a consumer, wherein a control unit for generating on the at least one switching element acting drive signals formed is to supply a substantially sinusoidal current to the current To achieve consumer, with clock pattern of the drive signals Measuring window for measuring electrical currents, in particular of phase currents form. Characterized in that the control unit is further designed such that the clock patterns are shifted in time when a measurement window falls below a given size, such that a measurement window of sufficient size is available becomes a significant noise reduction reached.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann dabei als Wechselrichter ausgebildet sein, mit der 3-phasiger Drehstrom erzeugt werden kann. Hierzu kann die Vorrichtung eine Kapazität, gebildet durch einen Elektrolytkondensator, aufweisen, der als Glättungskondensator dient, wobei durch die Vorrichtung bzw. das Verfahren eine Elektrolytkondensatorstromerhöhung minimiert werden kann. Die steuerbaren Schaltelemente können durch Halbleiterbauelement wie Transistoren gebildet sein. Ferner kann ein Strommesswiderstand vorgesehen sein, durch den im ein Summenstrom, gebildet aus allen Phasenströmen des 3-phasigen Drehstromes geleitet wird.The inventive device can be designed as an inverter, with the 3-phase Three-phase current can be generated. For this purpose, the device can be a Capacity, formed by an electrolytic capacitor, having as a smoothing capacitor is used, wherein minimized by the device or the method, a Elektrolytkondensatorstromerhöhung can be. The controllable switching elements can by semiconductor device such as Transistors are formed. Furthermore, a current measuring resistor be provided by that in a cumulative current, formed of all Live Streaming of the 3-phase AC current is passed.
Bevorzugt ist dabei vorgesehen, dass der Verbraucher ein Drehstrom-Asynchronmotor ist.Prefers is provided that the consumer a three-phase asynchronous motor is.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass in je einem Messfenster die Messung eines Phasenstromes möglich ist, sodass die Messung aller Phasenströme möglich ist.In a preferred embodiment is provided that in each case a measurement window, the measurement of a phase current possible is, so that the measurement of all phase currents is possible.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass die Steuereinheit zur Erzeugung von Steuersignalen ausgebildet ist, die die steuerbaren Schaltelemente derart ansteuern, dass bei jedem Periodenbeginn zwei Messfenster, erzeugt sind. Dies erlaubt, da die Summe der Phasenströme von 3-phasigen Drehstrom gleich Null ist, die Bestimmung aller drei Phasenströme, wobei die Strommessung an einem Strommesswiderstand erfolgt, durch den der Summenstrom, gebildet aus den drei Phasenströmen, geleitet wird.In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the control unit for generating control signals is formed, which drive the controllable switching elements such, that at each beginning of the period two measuring windows, are generated. This allows since the sum of the phase currents of 3-phase three-phase current is zero, the determination of all three Phase currents, wherein the current measurement is carried out on a current measuring resistor, through the sum current, formed from the three phase currents, conducted becomes.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in einem Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The Invention will be described below in an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings explained in more detail. It demonstrate:
In
Die
Schaltung weist zwei Eingangsanschlüsse
Die
Schaltung weist einen parallel zu den Eingangsanschlüssen
In
einem Leitungsabschnitt
Im
Betrieb erzeugt die Steuereinheit
Ferner
werden durch die Ansteuersignale die Transistoren
Anschließend wird
im zweiten Messfenster
Nachdem
die Messwerte von dem Operationsverstärker
Alternativ
hierzu kann die Ansteuerung auch derart erfolgen, dass z.B. im zweiten
Messfenster lediglich der durch den Transistor
Wenn ein Zeitfenster zur Strommessung zu klein ist, werden die Taktmuster zeitlich verschoben oder geändert. Dabei erfolgt die Verschiebung derart, das wieder Messfenster zur Messung der Phasenströme zu Verfügung stehen. Insbesondere werden die Messfenster derart verschoben oder geändert, dass wieder am Anfang einer Periode zwei Messfenster zur Messung zweier Phasenströme zur Verfügung stehen. Wenn das pulsweitenmodulierte Ansteuersignal eine große Amplitude aufweist, kann in diesem Fall das Messfenster vergrößert werden.If A time window for current measurement is too small, the clock patterns delayed or changed. The shift takes place in this way, the measuring window again for Measurement of the phase currents available stand. In particular, the measurement windows are shifted or changed that again at the beginning of a period two measurement windows for measuring two phase currents to disposal stand. When the pulse width modulated drive signal has a large amplitude has, in this case, the measuring window can be increased.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102005062759A DE102005062759A1 (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2005-12-28 | Current measuring method for multi-phase power supply system in motor vehicle, involves shifting clock sample, when measuring window falls below preset parameter, in such a way that another window of sufficient parameter is formed |
PCT/EP2006/068500 WO2007080004A1 (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2006-11-15 | Method and device for measuring current |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102005062759A DE102005062759A1 (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2005-12-28 | Current measuring method for multi-phase power supply system in motor vehicle, involves shifting clock sample, when measuring window falls below preset parameter, in such a way that another window of sufficient parameter is formed |
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DE102005062759A1 true DE102005062759A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
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DE102005062759A Withdrawn DE102005062759A1 (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2005-12-28 | Current measuring method for multi-phase power supply system in motor vehicle, involves shifting clock sample, when measuring window falls below preset parameter, in such a way that another window of sufficient parameter is formed |
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Cited By (8)
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WO2009124798A1 (en) * | 2008-04-07 | 2009-10-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for current measurement in phase lines |
EP2360483A1 (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-08-24 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Method and device for electricity measurement in a multi-phase electricity network |
CN102175907A (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2011-09-07 | 华北电力大学(保定) | Flexible wide area power grid phase measurement system |
DE102011003897A1 (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2012-08-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for current measurement |
WO2015022231A1 (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2015-02-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for determining phase currents and an excitation current of an electrical machine, and motor system |
WO2019134816A1 (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2019-07-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating an electric synchronous machine |
DE102018115844A1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-02 | Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft | Method for determining the phase currents in a multi-phase H-bridge for controlling a PMSM using a single shunt resistor |
DE102018115821A1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-02 | Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft | Method for determining the phase currents in a multi-phase H-bridge to control a PMSM |
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DE3529591A1 (en) * | 1985-08-19 | 1987-02-26 | Siemens Ag | Method and device for operating an invertor |
EP0397818B1 (en) * | 1988-11-04 | 1993-08-04 | Europe Patent Ltd | A process and device for changing the actual rotation speed of a multi-phase non-synchronous motor and a suitable motor system for applying the process |
DE59106593D1 (en) * | 1991-03-06 | 1995-11-02 | Siemens Ag | Method and device for forming machine currents in a converter-fed induction machine. |
DK172570B1 (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1999-01-25 | Danfoss As | Inverters and method for measuring the inverter phase currents |
US7109742B2 (en) * | 2004-07-12 | 2006-09-19 | Motorola, Inc. | Current sensing in a two-phase motor |
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- 2006-11-15 WO PCT/EP2006/068500 patent/WO2007080004A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2009124798A1 (en) * | 2008-04-07 | 2009-10-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for current measurement in phase lines |
US8618789B2 (en) | 2008-04-07 | 2013-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and apparatus of offset error compensation for current measurement in phase lines of a multiphase current network |
EP2360483A1 (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-08-24 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Method and device for electricity measurement in a multi-phase electricity network |
DE102011003897A1 (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2012-08-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for current measurement |
CN102175907A (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2011-09-07 | 华北电力大学(保定) | Flexible wide area power grid phase measurement system |
CN105453413A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2016-03-30 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method and device for determining phase currents and an excitation current of an electrical machine, and motor system |
WO2015022231A1 (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2015-02-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for determining phase currents and an excitation current of an electrical machine, and motor system |
US10158307B2 (en) | 2013-08-15 | 2018-12-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for determining phase currents and an excitation current of an electrical machine, and motor system |
CN105453413B (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2019-01-15 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Determine the phase current of motor and the method and apparatus of exciting current and electric motor system |
WO2019134816A1 (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2019-07-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating an electric synchronous machine |
US11404990B2 (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2022-08-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating an electric synchronous machine |
DE102018115844A1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-02 | Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft | Method for determining the phase currents in a multi-phase H-bridge for controlling a PMSM using a single shunt resistor |
DE102018115821A1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-02 | Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft | Method for determining the phase currents in a multi-phase H-bridge to control a PMSM |
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