DE102005056435A1 - Locking device for a magnetic lifting system having a functional armature and a locking armature separated by a sleeve - Google Patents

Abstract

The locking device is for a magnetic system comprising a yoke, an exciting coil on a spool, a permanent magnet, a magnet core and an armature system. The armature system has a functional armature (10) and a locking armature (20). These are displaceably axially within each other and can be locked relative to each other. The two armatures are separated from each other by a sleeve (30).

Description

The The invention relates to a locking device for a lifting magnet system from a yoke, an exciting coil on a bobbin, with a permanent magnet and a magnetic core, and an anchor system.

A Such locking device is required to an electromagnetic Solenoids against a larger of Outside form force acting on the armature normal with a solenoid Type and with the same size not to achieve.

was standing of the technique

From the DE 41 16 339 C2 a solenoid is known, which at least partially has a reduced anchor tappet diameter to improve its efficiency, and that in this area a return spring is arranged.

With the conventional one Construction can only a limited acting on the anchor of a lifting magnet Force to be countered, the dependent is from the magnetic properties of the selected components and any additional, the Anchor support Spring.

are bigger on must compensate for the mechanical forces acting on the armature a correspondingly stronger selected magnet system selected become.

In order to increases but usually also the required construction volume, at a given Space not always available stands.

task

Of the The invention is therefore based on the object, a lifting magnet system of the type mentioned in the form that the of the magnetic properties of the system and a normal return spring to be applied to the anchor holding force by means of this locking device receives forces, which are comparable to a mechanical lock.

These Task is solved by that the anchor system two axially displaceable and against each other having lockable anchors, a functional anchor and a locking anchor, and that the anchors go through a sleeve are separated from each other.

advantageous Embodiments of the invention are specified in claims 2-10.

The particular advantages of the invention are that with the same size of the inventive solenoid a locking effect unfolds, which almost a mechanical lock can be equated.

there it is a polarized magnet system with an electric Coil and a permanent magnet surrounded by a yoke inside whose two fundamentally independent, axially displaceable anchors are arranged, wherein between the anchors a sleeve is arranged, which is firmly connected to the magnet system.

The Hub magnet system is equipped with a self-locking anchor system, in which a designed as a functional anchor, centrally arranged anchor protrudes maximally from the magnet system in its currentless rest position, wherein he locked by means of a locking anchor in this position is. The sleeve between the two anchors has a plurality of locking balls, which advantageously in circular openings in the sleeve wall are arranged.

Farther are facing in the sleeve wall surfaces the two anchors provided circumferential grooves in the, if appropriate Position of the two anchors to the sleeve, The locking balls can intervene alternately, in which they simultaneously inserted from the smooth wall of the other anchor in this groove and be held there.

there the ball diameter is advantageously dimensioned such that the blocking ball the wall of the sleeve and the depth of the respective groove fills. Advantageously the grooves with bevels or bevels provided by means of this funnel shape a simple sliding in or pushing out for cause the locking balls, or facilitate this.

Furthermore Both anchors have a conically shaped end with which they are in an adequate one Immerse the recess in the centered core of the magnet system.

Farther is for each anchor a return spring provided by means of a supporting effect of the anchor in their resting position is reached.

to Control of the magnet system and thus to move the armature or the two anchors is advantageously only a short-term Current supply necessary.

For this purpose, from the rest position, in which both anchors occupy an "upper" position, the coil of the magnet system is energized, wherein the magnetic circuit via housing (yoke), permanent magnet, functional anchor, locking anchor and core closes. Both the function anchor as well as the Speranker are pulled over the magnetic force effect to "down" in the so-called field closure position.

This However, can only be done sequentially after the Speranker the Blocking effect; due to the position of the locking balls in the sleeve, for the function anchor has released.

are both anchors in the field closure position holds the one provided in the magnet system Permanent magnet even with interruption of the current supply this position at.

at an energization with reverse polarity, as already explained above, is the permanent magnetic force attenuated so much that both anker below Try using the relaxing return springs again to get to the rest position.

there must first the function anchor release the locking balls, which in the circumferential groove the Sperrankers are positioned, the Sperranker when pushing up with the bevels helps to its groove, the locking balls in the opening of the Sleeve and to be positioned in the groove of the function anchor.

These Locking position of the two anchors in the de-energized state is with comparable to a mechanical lock.

embodiment

One embodiment The invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described below explained in more detail. It demonstrate:

1 a sectional view of the rest position or blocking position of the armature of the magnet system,

2 a sectional view of the middle position of the two anchors,

three a sectional view of the second rest position or working position of the anchor, and

4 a cross section through the magnet system of the 2 ,

For the figure explanation it should be noted that the here "upper" area of the magnet system by the permanent magnet 6 is defined while the "lower" area through the magnetic core 7 is defined.

In the 1 a circular lifting magnet system is shown in a central longitudinal section in its "rest" or "blocking position".

The magnet system consists of a soft magnetic, acting as a housing yoke 2 , with a cover made of non-magnetic material 2 ' , an excitation coil three on a bobbin 4 is arranged in the interior of the yoke, and an annular permanent magnet here 6 and a magnetic core 7 and a tubular sleeve 30 , The tubular sleeve 30 is made in one piece or, as shown here, of two enclosing shells 31 . 32 consists.

The design chosen here is the inner shell 31 formed throughout the height of the magnet system while the outer shell 32 has a shorter construction.

It is provided, the shells 31 . 32 made of different materials, preferably made of brass and plastic.

Furthermore, the one-piece, circular permanent magnet can here 6 consist of several correspondingly arranged smaller sections.

In the middle of the magnet system is a circular cylindrical first anchor, the functional anchor 10 inside the sleeve 30 arranged, while outside the sleeve a hollow cylindrical second anchor, the Sperranker 20 is provided, surrounded by the bobbin 4 provided excitation coil three ,

In addition, the cylindrical bobbin 4 a circular cover part 5 on which the permanent magnet 6 is positioned.

The opposite side is by a likewise circular magnetic core 7 formed firmly with the yoke 2 connected is.

there can the housing shape circular as well as square executed be.

The inner function anchor 10 protrudes to operate external components with an upper end 15 beyond the magnet system. Where additionally a return spring 16 is provided, which is clamped in an annular groove 14 at the end of the function anchor contributes to its provision in the rest or locking position and the on the cover 2 ' supported.

Likewise, a return spring 26 around the inner sleeve 31 positioned around the barrier anchor 20 in his "rest position" against the lid 5 of the bobbin presses. Here is the return spring 26 in an annular recess 34 of the outer shell 32 inserted and pushes against the wall 24 in the upper part of the barrier anchor 20 ,

Both anchors 10 . 20 have conically shaped ends. Where the functional anchor 10 with a conically shaped outer end 11 in a central funnel-shaped recess 8th in the magnetic core 7 dips while the Sperankerer 20 with a conically shaped interior 21 to a corresponding Anformung 9 at the magnetic core 7 is adjusted.

Furthermore, the two anchor 10 . 20 each a circumferential groove 12 . 22 with symmetrically shaped bevels 13 . 23 on.

The sleeve combination 30 consisting of the inner shell 31 and the outer shell 32 , Has approximately centrally and arranged in a circle, several openings 33 on, in each of which a blocking ball 35 is positioned.

In the here shown "rest position" in the 1 , are the functional anchor 10 and the Sperankerer 20 the lifting magnet system locked in the de-energized state in a mechanically stable, upper position, wherein the locking balls 35 within the wall of the sleeve 30 and partly in the ring groove 12 of the anchor 10 are positioned.

Will now the exciter coil 3 energized, so tries one between the yoke 2 , the permanent magnet 6 and the magnetic core 7 induced magnetic flux first, the immediately adjacent to the permant magnets function anchor 10 in the direction of the magnetic core 7 to move. However, because of this in the annular groove 12 engaging blocking ball 35 is locked, the magnetic flux first causes a shift of the movable also in the lower direction locking armature 20 in the direction of the magnetic core 7 ,

Here, the inside of the anchor 20 molded groove 22 at the same height as the one in the opening 33 the sleeve 30 positioned blocking ball 35 postponed. ( 2 )

Because the functional anchor 10 continue trying also to get into the "lower" position, the ball is blocking 35 forcibly by the slope 13 the ring groove 12 in the groove 22 the Sperranker 20 transferred.

This shifts the anchor 10 also in the lower so-called field closure position. ( three )

Since the current flow of the coil with removal of the current has already ended, takes over the permanent magnet 6 the further force effect and holds the two anchors in this field closure position.

This is also an outer until then at the top 15 of the functional anchor 10 locked unlocked here system unlocked or released.

If the functional anchor 10 by an oppositely polarized current return to the upper rest position and there by means of the return springs 16 . 26 Supportive also be held, the locking balls 35 through the anchor, which also pushes into the rest position 20 forcibly back in the ring groove 12 of the anchor 10 positioned - as in 1 ,

In this case, the barrier armor is against the fixed outer shell 32 the sleeve by means of the return spring 26 in the recess 34 is inserted and against the wall 24 the Sperranker 20 presses, kept in this rest position.

In order to In turn, the entire system is locked mechanically stable.

The 4 shows a section across the circular magnet system of the 2 and in the amount of the locking balls 35 , in this presentation, the change from the functional anchor 10 to the Speranker 20 to execute. It can be seen that in this embodiment, three locking balls 35 - Circular and evenly spaced - in the openings 33 the sleeve 30 , or the two shells 31 and 32 are arranged, just before the transition into the annular groove 22 ,

In which However, a different number of locking balls is conceivable.

Claims (10)

Locking device for a lifting magnet system, formed from a yoke, an excitation coil on a bobbin, with a permanent magnet and a magnetic core and an anchor system, characterized in that the anchor system has two axially displaceable and mutually lockable anchor, a function anchor ( 10 ) and a Sperankerer ( 20 ), and that the anchors ( 10 . 20 ) through a sleeve ( 30 ) are separated from each other. Locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the circular cylindrical function anchor ( 10 ) is arranged centrally in the magnet system. Locking device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the functional anchor ( 10 ) a conically shaped end ( 11 ), which in a correspondingly shaped recess ( 8th ) in the magnetic core ( 7 immersed). Locking device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the function anchor ( 10 ) at its exposed outward end ( 15 ) a return spring ( 16 ) having. Locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the blocking anchor ( 20 ) is formed as a hollow cylinder and together with a return spring ( 26 ) centrally around the sleeve ( 30 ) is arranged around. Locking device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the wall of the sleeve ( 30 ) several openings ( 33 ) are provided, each opening a blocking ball ( 35 ). Locking device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sleeve ( 30 ), formed from an inner shell ( 31 ) and an outer shell ( 32 ) is firmly connected to the magnet system. Locking device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the function anchor ( 10 ) an annular groove ( 12 ) with symmetrical slopes ( 13 ) having. Locking device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking anchor ( 20 ) a circumferential groove ( 22 ) with symmetrical slopes ( 23 ) having. Locking device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner shell ( 31 ) and the outer shell ( 32 ) consist of different materials of the sleeve.