DE102005055021A1 - Liquid heat carrier medium heating device, has container for accommodating heat transfer medium, and helical-shaped heat transfer pipe running via inner area of evaporator part arranged outside of container, where medium is passed via pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a container (1) for accommodating a liquid heat transfer medium (2), and a gravitation heat pipe (5), which is filled with a working medium (8). The pipe (5) accommodates an evaporator part (6), which is arranged outside of the container and a condenser part (7), which is arranged within the container. The part (6) allows evaporation of the medium (8) by the heat from a heating medium (4). A helical-shaped heat transfer pipe (16) runs through an inner area of the part (6), where the heat transfer medium (2) is passed through the pipe. The condenser part (7) allows condensation of the evaporated working medium.

Description

The The invention relates to a device for heating a liquid heat transfer medium by means a heating medium and for storing the heated heat transfer medium, with a container for Recording the heat transfer medium and a gravity heat pipe, in which a working medium is filled and which one outside of the container arranged evaporator part, in which for the evaporation of working fluid from this heat from the heating medium is receivable, and disposed within the container Has condenser part, in which under condensation of working fluid from this heat transferable to the heat transfer medium is.

Gravitational heat pipes are known. These basically consist of a hermetic one closed volume, inside which essentially only Working fluid is (before filling the working fluid is the gravitational heat pipe ) Evacuated. Are the temperatures of the walls of the gravity heat pipe the same everywhere, Thus, an equilibrium state between the liquid and the gaseous Phase of the working fluid, which is one of the temperature dependent vapor pressure established. Now in the area of the lower end, the so-called Evaporator section (or evaporator zone) of the gravity heat pipe, in which is liquid Work equipment is located, heat supplied, so starts liquid To evaporate working fluid to aim for a higher saturation vapor pressure. The steam rises over an adiabatic zone (in which the heat transfer tube with an insulation is provided) in a condenser part whose walls are colder and in which the working fluid condenses out. This way will Transfer entrained enthalpy of vaporization from the evaporator part to the condenser part. The liquid condensate runs due gravity on the interior walls of the gravity heat pipe back to the resource supply. By the continuous Condensation, when heat is removed from the condenser part, can increase the saturation vapor pressure can not be achieved and it turns a continuous cycle one.

A heat transfer is only possible from bottom to top (= thermal diode).

Gravitational heat pipes For example, they have already been used as heat exchangers in ventilation technology used. The trained as a straight pipe pieces Gravitationswärmerohre protrude with its lower end in the exhaust air flow and with their upper end in the contrast colder supply air.

Known is also the use of gravitational heat pipes for cooling of Microprocessors.

A Device of the type mentioned above is used for transmission the waste heat a gas heater in a liquid container. One the condenser part forming lower end portion of the gravitational heat pipe sticks out in the hot Exhaust gas flow of a gas boiler and the condenser part of the gravity heat pipe protrudes into the heat transfer medium receiving container, around the heat transfer medium to heat.

Next Gravitational heat pipes Furthermore, so-called capillary heat pipes ("heat pipe") are known. These then indicate a central channel has a layer which has a capillary structure. Heat can transferred in this way by the capillary effect in both directions become. Such capillary heat pipes were used, for example, in space travel for component cooling.

From the DE 29 52 780 A1 Furthermore, a heat exchanger for hot water heat is known, which exchanges heat by evaporation of a low-boiling liquid heat between two heat-insulated containers. The low-boiling liquid is passed in a closed circuit between a liquid evaporator, an absorber and a condenser, for which purpose separate pipelines are present.

From the DE 335 885 C Furthermore, a steam oven is known which has an evaporator space for heating and evaporation of water. Evaporated water is passed through a pipe into a condenser and passed from the latter through a line in a storage container and back into the evaporator chamber.

task The invention is a device of the type mentioned with an improved heat transfer to provide to the heat transfer medium. According to the invention succeeds this by a device having the features of claim 1.

By the implementation of the liquid Heating medium through the at least one through the interior of the evaporator part extending heat transfer tube can heat of the heating medium effectively transferred to the working fluid in the evaporator section be, with the heat pipe in the interior of the evaporator preferably spirally extends.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the device further comprises a Storage tank for the heating medium. The heat transfer medium and the heating medium can both be water and the storage tank for the heating medium may in particular be a heating storage (= heat storage) of a heating system and the tank with the heat transfer medium to a hot water tank (or boiler). It can be provided in this way a very effective so-called "combined storage" for heating water and service water. Such combination memories are used for example in single-family homes, apartment buildings, housing and commercial buildings.

Of the Capacitor part of the gravitation heat pipe is preferably in a lower portion of the container (i.e., at least below its center of elevation, preferably at least in the lower third) and via one or more liquid-tight passages through the wall of the container for the Heat transfer medium into this led. Around a backflow of the in the condenser part formed condensate in the evaporator part to enable, extends the condenser part is inclined towards the evaporator part with respect to the horizontal. Preferably this inclination is less than 30 °, an inclination of less than 15 ° being particularly preferred. If cold heat transfer medium in the lower area of the container filled is and heated heat transfer medium from an upper area of the container is removed, thereby the heat transfer to possible cold heat transfer medium respectively.

Further Advantages and details of the invention are described below explained in the accompanying drawings. In this show:

1 a schematic sectional view of a device according to the invention with a symbolic representation of connected devices for operating the device;

2 an enlarged sectional view of the gravitational heat pipe;

3 a portion of a heat transfer tube (unbent), partially in section;

4 a representation accordingly 1 a further embodiment of the invention.

In 1 an embodiment of a device according to the invention is shown, in which except a container 1 for a liquid heat transfer medium 2 also a storage tank 3 for a liquid heating medium 4 is available. Such a memory can serve in particular as a so-called "combined storage", wherein it is the heat transfer medium 2 for service water and the heating medium 4 is heating water of a heating system.

To transfer heat from the heating medium 4 on the heat transfer medium 2 serves a gravity heat pipe 5 , This has an evaporator part 6 and a capacitor part 7 , Into the hermetically sealed interior of the gravity heat pipe 5 is a work tool 8th introduced, which is present in a liquid and in a gaseous phase. The liquid level 9 the liquid phase is in 1 exemplified by a dashed line.

The capacitor part 7 is inside the container 1 , The capacitor part 7 is formed by several straight pipe sections, the sections of pipes 10 are, each by a liquid-tight passage in the interior of the container 1 are guided. The inside of the container 1 lying pipe sections of these tubes 10 that the capacitor part 7 are closed at their free ends and are inclined with respect to the horizontal, starting from their free ends down to the evaporator part 6 out, so that formed condensate can flow into the evaporator. The inclination is more than 1 °, with a value of more than 2.5 ° being preferred. The inclination to the horizontal is desirably less than 30 °, preferably less than 15 °, and these pieces of pipe are in a lower region of the container 1 arranged. The supply of heat transfer medium takes place through a likewise lying in unte ren area connecting piece 12 while removing heat transfer medium from the container 1 through a connection in an upper area 13 he follows. It can thus be a temperature stratification of the heat transfer medium 2 in the container 1 can be achieved, the heat is supplied to cold as possible heat transfer medium.

The the capacitor part 7 forming pipe sections have externally projecting ribs 11 to increase the heat transfer area.

It is still a maintenance flange 14 on the container 1 located.

For example, four pipes 10 be present (with two pipes each 10 in the drawing plane of 1 arranged one behind the other). Outside the container 1 show the pipes 10 Abkrümmungen down on and open into a part of the evaporator 6 upward rising riser 15 ,

The evaporator part 6 is tubular and lies over the greater part of its Längsaus elongation within the storage container 3 , The heating medium 4 is through at least one heat transfer tube 16 guided, which through the interior of the evaporator part 6 runs. In the embodiment shown are three spirally running heat transfer tubes 16 present (in the form of a "triple spiral") in order to obtain a sufficient heat transfer surface.

An entrance line 17 for the heating medium 4 pierces the wall 18 of the evaporator part 6 at an entry point 19 in the evaporator part 6 , This entrance line 17 has a chamber-like enlarged section 20 from which the heat transfer tubes 16 out. outlet lines 21 into which the heat transfer tubes 16 lead through the wall 18 of the evaporator part 6 at an exit point 22 , Conveniently, the entry point 19 closer to the condenser part 7 as the exit point 22 , In the embodiment shown, the exit point 22 that of the condenser part 7 remote end face of the tubular evaporator part 6 and the entry point 19 is located at the opposite end of the evaporator part 6 ,

The evaporator part 6 extends as I said over most of its length within the storage container 3 , Only one of the entry point 19 adjacent section is outside the storage tank 3 , This section goes from the evaporator section 6 the riser 15 upwards. The evaporator part 6 is by a liquid-tight passage in the interior of the storage container 3 ushered.

Preferably, it has inside the storage container 3 lying portion of the evaporator part 6 outwardly projecting ribs 23 on. It thereby becomes the heat transfer surface for transferring heat from within the storage container 3 located heating medium 4 to the work equipment 8th in the evaporator section 6 increased.

Preferably, it is within the storage container 3 located part of the evaporator part 6 in an upper portion of the storage container 3 , Here, it is at least largely arranged horizontally, preferably inclined by less than 20 ° to the horizontal.

On from the condenser part 7 remote end of the evaporator part 6 to which the heating medium 4 is a Umlenktopf 24 arranged, for the outflowing heating medium 4 one in the longitudinal direction of the evaporator part 6 in the area of the outside of the wall 18 forms substantially horizontal flow.

In 1 is also schematically a circuit for heating the heating medium 4 shown. heating medium 4 is through an outlet 25 from the storage tank 3 taken and by means of a pump 26 by a heating device 27 For example, a heat pump (or a boiler) and passed through the interior of the gravitational heat pipe 5 extending heat transfer tubes 16 again in the storage container 3 recycled. The heating device 27 can by means of a bypass line 28 and a suitably convertible three-way valve 29 to be bypassed. Such a circulation, bypassing the heating device 27 can be performed, for example, when the heating medium 4 in the storage tank 3 from one in 1 not shown, in the lower area of the storage container 3 arranged heat exchanger of a solar system is heated to heat more quickly to the heat transfer medium 2 transferred to.

In 3 is a section of a heat transfer tube 16 represented according to an advantageous embodiment (before its bending). The heat transfer tube 16 has ribs protruding outside 30 to increase the heat transfer area. Furthermore, has the heat transfer tube 16 on the inner circumferential surface spirally around the longitudinal axis encircling webs 31 , Through the heat transfer tube 16 guided heating medium 4 This causes a twist to improve the heat transfer.

The riser 15 and the outside of the container 1 lying sections of the tubes 10 are with an in 1 Not provided insulation to prevent heat loss. The area between the evaporator part 6 and the condenser part 7 thus forms a substantially adiabatic zone of the gravitational heat pipe 5 , The outside of the storage tank 3 lying portion of the evaporator part 6 is also with a in 1 not shown heat insulation provided to prevent heat loss.

The function of a gravity heat pipe has already been explained in the introduction to the description. Through the through the heat transfer tubes 16 inside the evaporator part 6 flowing heating medium, a very effective heat transfer of the heat of the heating medium to the heat transfer medium can be achieved (wherein heat of the heating medium via the wall of the at least one heat transfer tube 16 to the work equipment 8th is transferred). According to the embodiment 1 can additionally from the in the storage container 3 located heating medium 4 over the gravity heat pipe 5 Heat are transferred to the heat transfer medium (over the wall 18 within the storage container 3 Ab section of the evaporator part 6 ).

At the in 4 illustrated embodiment of the invention is the evaporator part 6 in contrast to the previously described embodiment outside the storage container 3 arranged. He is therefore with a thermal insulation 32 surround. The heat transfer takes place in this embodiment only by means of heating medium, which through the heat transfer tubes 16 is performed while in the embodiment described above, from the storage container 3 located heating medium 4 a heat transfer to the heat transfer medium 2 could be done. After passing through the heat transfer tubes 16 becomes the heating medium 4 over a pipeline 33 in the storage tank 3 guided (preferably in an upper region thereof). The capacitor part 7 , which may be the same as in the embodiment described above, in this embodiment, directly or with the interposition of only a very short adiabatic zone to the evaporator part 6 connect. The tube-shaped evaporator part can be aligned, for example, in the direction of its longitudinal extent perpendicular or inclined.

Incidentally, the in 4 illustrated device formed analogous to the previously described embodiment and the same or at least analogous parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

As work equipment 8th the gravitational heat pipe is preferably used in the described embodiments, water. Instead of water could be used as work equipment 8th For example, a conventional refrigerant can be used.

The heat transfer tubes 16 and the capacitor part 7 forming pipes 10 are preferably made of copper, and are optionally tinned outside. The container 1 consists in training as a hot water tank preferably made of stainless steel or steel enamelled. The storage tank 3 consists in training as a heater storage preferably made of steel. That the evaporator part 6 forming pipe and the riser 15 can be made of steel, for example.

In principle, it would also be conceivable and possible that the evaporator part 6 is formed by a plurality of tubes, but the production cost is increased.

The Invention can also be used in connection with other memories, to transfer heat to a contained in this heat transfer medium heat.

1

container

2

Heat transfer medium

3

storage container

4

heating medium

5

Gravitational heat pipe

6

evaporator part

7

condenser part

8th

work equipment

9

liquid level

10

pipe

11

rib

12

spigot

13

spigot

14

Wartungsflansch

15

riser

16

Heat pipe

17

inlet line

18

wall

19

entry point

20

section

21

exit line

22

exit site

23

rib

24

Umlenktopf

25

outlet

26

pump

27

heating means

28

Bypass line

29

Three-way valve

30

rib

31

web

32

thermal insulation

33

pipeline

Claims (22)

Device for heating a liquid heat transfer medium ( 2 ) by means of a heating medium ( 4 ) and for storing the heated heat transfer medium ( 2 ), with a container ( 1 ) for receiving the heat transfer medium ( 2 ) and a gravity heat pipe ( 5 ) into which a work equipment ( 8th ) and which one outside the container ( 1 ) arranged evaporator part (b), in which for the evaporation of working fluid ( 8th ) of this heat from the heating medium ( 4 ) and one inside the container ( 1 ) arranged capacitor part ( 7 ), in which under condensation of working fluid ( 8th ) of this heat to the heat transfer medium ( 2 ) is transferable, characterized in that at least one heat transfer tube ( 16 ) through which liquid heating medium ( 4 ) is passable, through the interior of the evaporator part (b) extends. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one heat transfer tube ( 16 ) in the interior of the evaporator partly ( 6 ) spirals. Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of heat transfer tubes ( 16 ), through which liquid heating medium ( 4 ) is passable through the interior of the evaporator part (b). Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized that the evaporator part (b) is tubular. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the entry point ( 19 ) of the evaporator part (b), in which the heating medium ( 4 ) through at least one wall ( 18 ) of the evaporator part (b) passing through the inlet line ( 17 ) in the at least one through the interior of the evaporator part (b) extending heat transfer tube ( 16 ) is fed closer to the capacitor part ( 7 ) lies as the exit point ( 22 ) of the evaporator part (b), in which the heating medium ( 4 ) through at least one wall ( 18 ) of the evaporator part (b) passing through discharge line ( 21 ) from the at least one through the interior of the evaporator part (b) extending heat transfer tube ( 1b ) is dissipatable. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the exit point ( 22 ) from the condenser part ( 7 ) remote end of the evaporator part (b) is arranged. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the device further comprises a storage container ( 3 ) for the heating medium ( 4 ) into which the heating medium ( 4 ) through the at least one through the interior of the evaporator ( 6 ) extending heat transfer tube ( 16 ) can be introduced. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the evaporator part ( 6 ) at least partially in the interior of the storage container ( 3 ) is arranged, preferably at least in one at the exit point ( 22 ) subsequent section. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the tube-shaped evaporator part ( 6 ) or inside the storage container ( 3 ) lying portion of the tubular evaporator part ( 6 ) is inclined less than 20 ° relative to the horizontal and in an upper region of the storage container ( 3 ) lies. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that from the capacitor part ( 7 ) remote end of the evaporator part ( 6 ), on which the heating medium ( 4 ), a Umlenktopf ( 24 ) for the outflowing heating medium ( 4 ) is arranged, one of which in the longitudinal direction of the evaporator ( 6 ) in the area of the outside of the wall ( 18 ) of the evaporator part ( 6 ) substantially horizontally extending flow of the outflowing heating medium ( 4 ) can be formed. Device according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that within the storage container ( 3 ) lying evaporator part ( 6 ) or section of the evaporator part ( 6 ) outwardly projecting ribs ( 23 ) having. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the capacitor part ( 7 ) is formed by one or more pieces of pipe, which with respect to the horizontal to the evaporator part ( 6 ) inclined towards. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the one or more the capacitor part ( 7 ) are inclined by less than 30 °, preferably by less than 15 ° with respect to the horizontal, and in a lower region of the container ( 1 ) are arranged. Device according to claim 12 or claim 13, characterized in that the one or more of the capacitor part ( 7 ) forming pieces of pipe outwardly projecting ribs ( 11 ) exhibit. Device according to one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that from one outside the storage container ( 3 ) lying portion of the evaporator part ( 6 ) a riser ( 15 ) goes out at the top, from the upper end at least two tubes ( 10 ) with one opposite the riser ( 15 ) reduced diameter by liquid keitsdichte bushings in the container ( 1 ) and their inside the container ( 1 ) and closed at their free ends sections the capacitor part ( 7 ) form. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the at least one heat transfer tube ( 16 ) outwardly projecting ribs ( 30 ) having. Device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the at least one heat transfer tube ( 16 ) at least one inner, spirally encircling raised web ( 31 ) having. Device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the heat transfer medium ( 2 ) Water is. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the heating medium ( 4 ) Water is. Device according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the working means ( 8th ) Water is. Device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the container ( 1 ) for receiving heat transfer medium ( 2 ) is a water heater. Device according to one of claims 7 to 21, characterized in that the storage container ( 3 ) for receiving the heating medium ( 4 ) is a heater storage.