DE102005034320A1 - Lock for adjustable valve gear of internal combustion engine has locking plunger with hydraulic or mechanical safety to control movement - Google Patents

Abstract

The lock for an adjustable internal combustion engine valve gear has a locking plunger (15) which selectively retains two components (13,14) of the vale gear together. The lock has a safety (18) which holds the locking plunger in a preset position, to prevent accidental adjustment of the valve gear. The safety has a hydraulic control for the locking plunger, or a mechanical retainer (43) with movement of the locking plunger correlated to movement of the retainer.

Description

Territory of invention

The The invention relates to a locking device for a Camshaft adjuster according to the preamble of claim 1

background the invention

Phaser serve for adjusting and possibly fixing the relative angular position a camshaft opposite the crankshaft of a reciprocating internal combustion engine. For this purpose points a camshaft adjuster usually two components, the relative with a bringing about an adjusting movement are movable relative to each other. For example, this is to a drive element, which over a chain or belt is driven by the crankshaft, and an output member drivingly connected to the camshaft stands. Order in selected Operating conditions, especially for a shutdown of the reciprocating internal combustion engine, a defined Position of the two components to each other and thus the position to ensure the camshaft adjuster, finds a locking element Commitment. This is from a "unlocked Position "in a" locked position "movable in the" locked position "fixes the mechanical Verriege ment element, the relative mobility of the two components to each other or limited this.

Such camshaft adjuster with a locking element are for example from the publications DE 690 13 680 T2 . DE 197 54 495 A1 . DE 197 23 945 A1 . DE 197 16 203 A1 . DE 197 00 866 A1 . DE 196 23 818 A1 . DE 42 40 631 A1 . DE 39 04 681 A1 and DE 36 07 256 A1 known.

Task of invention

Of the Invention is based on the object, a camshaft adjuster to be reliable guaranteed is that in selected operating conditions the Locking element in an "unlocked Position "and / or a "locked Position "is and / or a reliable transfer of the Locking element of one of the aforementioned positions in one another position takes place.

Summary the invention

According to the invention Problem solved by the features of independent claim 1. Further Embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims 2 to 12th

Of the Invention is based on the finding that during operation known camshaft adjuster the locking element partially in operating states in the "locked Position "is moved, without that desired is. This has the consequence that the timing of the reciprocating internal combustion engine due to improper fixation of the camshaft adjuster deviate from the specifications or are not optimal, for example Performance degradation, deteriorated combustion conditions, changed exhaust gases and negative environmental influences can result. Cause of such unwanted locking can For example, vibrations of the camshaft adjuster due to Operating the Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschi ne or unwanted deviations or fluctuations in the control of the locking element be. For Hydraulic camshaft adjusters can this pressure fluctuations of a system pressure and / or a control pressure for adjusting the camshaft adjuster, which acts on the locking element during operation.

• – das Vorsehen einer Hysterese mit einer vergrößerten Ansteuerung für eine Entriegelung als für eine Verriegelung und/oder
• – eine verstärkte Schwingungs-Entkopplung u. U. zu aufwendig sind.

Furthermore, the invention is based on the recognition that possible other measures to avoid unwanted locking such

• - The provision of a hysteresis with an increased activation for unlocking than for a lock and / or
• - An increased vibration decoupling u. U. are too expensive.

Much more beats the invention alternatively or in addition to the aforementioned Measures that in addition to the actual locking element a safety device is provided. This safety device has a "locking position" and a "non-locking position". In the "securing position" secures the safety device the locking element in a defined position. At a such defined position may be an exact location or a limited mobility of the locking element act. The defined position is preferably the "unlocked position" of the locking element and / or the "locked position" of the locking element.

deviant or in addition to the aforementioned Activities, the avoidance of the causes of unwanted locking based, the inventive idea may accept these causes and fights the impact of these causes by the safety device.

The safety device may be to act a mechanical locking device or a locking device. For a latching device, the securing effect is generated as long as the forces acting on the locking element away from the "locked position" do not exceed a threshold value. This can be achieved in a simple manner by a spring-loaded or hydraulically acted securing device, which cooperates mechanically with the locking element and in which forces are generated or converted when the locking element is acted upon by the "securing position" forces acting on the securing device (e.g. spring-loaded locking cams; elastically loaded blocking element with chamfer). On the other hand, a locking device is a positive locking.

For one Use of the locking device for a hydraulic camshaft adjuster has it proved to be advantageous if the securing device from a system pressure of the camshaft adjuster and / or by a Control pressure of the camshaft adjuster, an adjustment of the Camshaft adjuster is used in selected operating states, is charged. This can be an automatic way Coupling of the application of the safety device with the application the adjusting device of the camshaft adjuster can be achieved.

A Further simplification may result according to the invention if the safety device hydraulically connected upstream of the locking element. Especially is a series circuit, according to which the hydraulic Condition of the safety device hydraulic loading predetermines or influences the locking element.

at a locking device according to the invention the safety device has a slide valve which has a "non-locking slide position" and a "locking slide position". In this Fall can at least one working surface of the slide valve of the System pressure and / or the control pressure of the camshaft adjuster Act. Such slide valves provide a simple but reliable solution Realization of different "switching states" of the safety device depending on the design of the slide release and / or Blocking a variety under different hydraulic connections can be accomplished. In each case a slider position correlates with a desired hydraulic condition according to the control edges of the slider.

Preferably the securing device has a mechanical securing element on whose movement correlates with the movement of the slider. The mechanical securing element may be a latching element or a blocking element. For a particularly simple embodiment forms an end region of the Slider a slide valve, the mechanical fuse element. Thus, the movement of the slider corresponds to the movement of the mechanical Fuse element, creating a particularly good correlation between the hydraulic state of the slide valve on the one hand and the On the other hand position of the fuse element is guaranteed.

at a further locking unit according to the invention the safety device has a "transition position" between the "securing position" and the "non-locking position". In this "transitional position" is a mechanical Assured securing element in the direction of the "locking position". An accomplishment of the "securing position" is (still) not possible, because the locking element u. Not yet in the right place Position is located. Only when the locking element in the defined position, in particular the "unlocked position", can move the mechanical fuse element of the "transition position" in the "locking position". This is done a regulation of the position of the securing device by the position of the locking element. This can be avoided that the security device a "captive Position "for operating states, in which the locking element in an undesirable position located. It is thus, so to speak, a "motion control" through the locking element.

Preferably, for a transfer of the securing device from the "transition position" to the "locking position" does not change the hydraulic state of the securing device. According to an alternative starting position, however, the securing device can not serve merely the mechanical securing of the locking element, but rather also serve as a valve or slide for otherwise loading of components, here acting on the locking element. Accordingly, in the "transient position", the securing device releases an admission of the control element to the locking element. If, however, the "locking position" of the securing device is reached, then the securing device ensures that the locking element is acted upon by the system pressure instead of the control pressure. This embodiment is based on the finding that the control pressure during operation of Hubkolbentrennkraftmaschine u. U. is subject to greater fluctuations than the system pressure, resulting in sole loading of the locking element with the control pressure to increased stress on the Sicherungsseinrich could result. Instead, in the "locking position" the locking element is acted upon by the relatively constant system pressure, so that a reliable defined position of the locking element is ensured due to the defined pressure of the locking element on the one hand and the securing device with the mechanical locking or locking action on the other hand.

According to one Further development of the locking device is a spring element provided, which the slider of the slide valve in the direction the not "captive Position "of the slider, while the system and / or Control pressure of the safety device opposite to the spring element can act on the slide in the direction of the "locking position".

According to one special embodiment of the locking device has the Slider on the one hand on a work surface on which regardless of the Position of the slide, the system pressure acts. This work surface thus "senses" the presence of the System pressure, so depending on the operation of the reciprocating internal combustion engine or switched off reciprocating internal combustion engine this working surface acted upon is. Furthermore, the slide has at least one control edge or tax good. About these Control edge or control groove, it is possible that outside the "non-captive Spool position " in particular in the "transitional position" and / or the "securing position" and for a current one Reciprocating internal combustion engine, the locking element with the control pressure and / or the system pressure is applied.

Short description the drawings

Further Features of the invention will become apparent from the following description and its associated Drawings in which embodiments of the invention are shown schematically. Show it:

1 a first embodiment of a hydraulic lock device according to the invention for deactivated reciprocating internal combustion engine without system pressure with a locking element in the "locked position" and a safety device in "non-locking position";

2 the locking device according to 1 with applied system pressure, locking element in "locked position" and safety device in "transition position";

3 the locking device according to 1 with locking element in "unlocked position" and securing device in "locking position";

4 a second embodiment of a hydraulic lock device according to the invention for deactivated reciprocating internal combustion engine without system pressure with a locking element in the "locked position" and a safety device in "non-locking position";

5 the locking device according to 4 with applied system pressure, locking element in "locked position" and safety device in "transition position";

6 the locking device according to 4 with locking element in "unlocked position" and securing device in "locking position".

Full Description of the invention

A locking device 10 has a first component 11 and a second component 12 , which are parts of a camshaft adjuster and are moved relative to each other in an adjusting movement of the camshaft adjuster, in particular translationally or rotationally. For example, the in 1 illustrated locking device 10 Insert for a vane-type camshaft adjuster in which the components 11 . 12 a transverse to the longitudinal axis of the camshaft adjuster oriented contact or sliding plane 13 exhibit. Transverse to the contact level 13 owns the first component 11 a hole, here a through hole 14 in which a locking element 15 is guided translationally displaceable. The second component 12 has a recess 16 in the in 1 illustrated "locked position" of the locking device 10 in alignment with the hole 14 is arranged so that the locking element 15 both in the hole 14 as well as in the recess 16 extends, whereby a locking effect is achieved. The locking element 15 is by a compression spring 17 acted upon in such a way that this in the in 1 shown position in the recess 16 entry.

The locking device 10 has a safety device 18 , which for the illustrated embodiment with a slide valve 19 with a slider 20 is trained. The slide valve 19 owns working chambers 21 . 22 . 23 passing through control edges 24 . 25 are separated from each other.

• – einen Anschluss 26, der mit dem Systemdruck oder Motoröldruck versorgt wird,
• – einen Anschluss 27, der mit einem Steuerdruck oder einem Öldruck des Nockenwellenverstellers versorgt wird, sowie
• – einen Anschluss 28, der mit einem Tank verbunden ist.

The slide valve 19 still owns

• - a connection 26 supplied with the system pressure or engine oil pressure,
• - a connection 27 that with a control pressure or an oil pressure of the camshaft adjuster is supplied, as well
• - a connection 28 which is connected to a tank.

The slide valve has a bore 29 transverse to the translational degree of freedom of the locking element 15 oriented, into the hole 14 opens, in the estuary 30 has a reduced diameter and on the locking element 15 opposite side of the slider 20 through a closure element 31 closed is.

• – einen im dargestellten Schnitt kurvenförmigen, insbesondere kugelförmigen Endbereich 32,
• – einen zylindrischen Teilbereich 33, der in den verjüngten Bereich 30 eintreten kann und ggf. von diesem radial geführt wird,
• – einen Teilbereich 34 mit erweitertem Durchmesser, der die Steuerkante 24 bildet,
• – einen zylindrischen Teilbereich 35,
• – einen erweiterten Teilbereich 36, der die Steuerkante 25 bildet und
• – einen Fortsatz 37.

The slider 20 has starting from the locking element 15 the following subareas:

• - In the illustrated section curved, in particular spherical end 32 .
• - A cylindrical portion 33 in the rejuvenated area 30 can occur and, if necessary, is guided by this radially,
• - a subarea 34 with extended diameter, the control edge 24 forms,
• - A cylindrical portion 35 .
• - an extended subarea 36 that the control edge 25 forms and
• - an extension 37 ,

Between the hole 29 and the subareas 33 . 35 and the extension 37 become the working chambers 21 . 22 . 23 educated. In all in the 1 to 3 shown positions is the working chamber 23 via a supply channel with the connection 26 connected according to 1 the extension 37 with its end face on the closure element 31 is applied, so that the end face is not subjected to the system pressure, but only that of the extended portion 36 formed annular surface. In contrast to this is for in the 2 and 3 illustrated positions of the slide valve 19 also the face of the extension 37 subjected to the system pressure.

According to 1 is the recess 16 via a connection channel 38 of the second component and two control channels 39 . 40 of the first component 11 with the slide valve 19 connected and the working chambers 21 . 22 connectable. In the in 1 sketched position closes the control edge 24 both the connection 27 for the control pressure as well as the control channel 40 , The working chamber 22 is not effective in this position. The control channel 39 is about the work chamber 21 with the connection 28 and thus connected to the tank, leaving the recess 18 is depressurized. As a result, outweighs on the locking element 15 the spring force of the compression spring 17 , A compression spring 41 passing through the lateral surface of the cylindrical portion 33 is guided, is supported in the locking element 15 facing end portion of the first component 11 from and in the opposite end of the extended portion 34 and acts on the slider 20 away from the locking element 15 , According to 1 is the locking element 15 in "locked position" while the safety device 18 in "non-securing position". The system is depressurized, which correlates with a shutdown reciprocating internal combustion engine.

With a start of the reciprocating internal combustion engine, the pressure of the system increases at the connection 26 so that also the pressure in the working chamber 23 elevated. Exceeds by the pressure on the face of the extension 37 and / or the annular surface of the extended portion 36 force caused the spring force of the compression spring 41 , so the safety device moves 18 from the "non-securing position" according to 1 in the in 2 illustrated "transition position", for the slide 20 with the spherical end area 32 on the lateral surface of the locking element 15 is applied. In the "transitional position" the working chamber connects 22 the connection 27 with the control channel 40 while the control edge 24 the control channel 39 locks. According to the recess 16 with the control pressure of the connection 27 applied.

With sufficient control pressure on the recess 16 protruding end face of the locking element 15 acts, the locking element moves 15 from the recess out to the in 3 illustrated "unlocked position" of the locking device 10 , This slides the spherical end 32 of the slider 20 along the lateral surface of the locking element 15 until the spherical end area 32 in a radial groove or depression 42 enters, whereby the "securing position" of the security device 18 is reached. The ball-shaped end region thus forms a latching or blocking element 43 , The contours of the locking or blocking element 43 and the groove 42 are adapted to a desired locking and / or locking connection to each other.

For the alternative embodiment according to 4 owns the slide valve 19a an additional connection 50 for the control pressure as well as another control channel 51 which is in the connection channel 38a empties. The cylindrical part 33a is opposite to the 1 to 3 enlarged longitudinal extent formed.

4 shows the locking device 10a in "locked position" and the safety device 18a in "non-securing position", ie in an approximate 1 corresponding operating state for deactivated reciprocating internal combustion engine. The cylindrical part 33a or control edge 24a locks connections 50 . 27a and control channels 51 . 40a , About the control channel 39a is the connection channel 38a over the working chamber 21a with connection 28a and connected to the tank.

With an increase in system pressure at the port 26a the locking device moves 10a in the in 5 sketched "transitional position" in which the working chamber 22a a hydraulic connection between the connection 27a and the control channel 40a creates, so that over the connection channel 28a the recess 16a is acted upon by the control pressure, so that with increasing control pressure, the locking element 15 from the "locked position" of the locking device 10a is spent. With the achievement of the "unlocked position" of the locking device 10a enters the end area 32a in the groove 42a of the locking element 15a one, bringing another movement of the slider 20a in the direction of the locking element 15a accompanied. In the in 6 illustrated "unlocked position" and "locking position" now closes the control edge 25a with the extended subarea 36a the hydraulic connection between the connection 27a for the control pressure and the control channel 40a while the working chamber 22a now a hydraulic connection between the connection 50a with the system pressure and the control channel 51 creates, leaving the recess 16a is subjected to the system pressure.

According to 4 are the connection 50 as well as the control channels 39a and 51 through the control edge 24a closed while according to 5 only the transfer from the control channel 39a to the connection 28a over the workspace 21a Is blocked.

For both embodiments shown breaks with a shutdown of the reciprocating internal combustion engine, the system pressure and thus the control pressure, whereby due to the compression spring 41 the slider 20 from the locking element 15 is moved away, so from the "secure position" in the "non-securing position". Furthermore, the pressure in the recess is increasingly decreasing 16 why the locking element 15 through the compression spring 17 in the direction of the "locked position" is applied.

10

locking device

11

first module

12

second module

13

Contact level

14

drilling

15

Verriegefungselement

16

recess

17

compression spring

18

safety device

19

spool valve

20

pusher

21

working chamber

22

working chamber

23

working chamber

24

control edge

25

control edge

26

connection (System pressure)

27

connection (Control pressure)

28

connection (Tank)

29

drilling

30

tapering region

31

closure element

32

spherical end portion

33

cylindrical subregion

34

extended subregion

35

cylindrical subregion

36

extended subregion

37

extension

38

connecting channel

39

control channel

40

control channel

41

compression spring

42

groove

43

latching or blocking element

50

connection

51

control channel

Claims (12)

Locking device for a camshaft adjuster with - two components ( 11 . 12 ), which are movable relative to each other with an actuation of an actuating movement, and - a locking element ( 15 ), which in selected operating states is from an "unlocked position" ( 1 ; 4 ) into a "locked position" ( 3 ; 6 ) is movable, in which the locking element ( 15 ) the relative mobility of the two components ( 11 . 12 ) at least limited to each other, characterized in that a safety device ( 18 ) - a "securing position" ( 3 ) and a "non-securing position" ( 1 ) and - in the "securing position" ( 3 ) the locking element ( 15 ) secures in a defined position. Locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the securing device ( 18 ) in the "secure position" ( 3 ) the locking element ( 15 ) in the "unlocked position" secures. Locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that the securing device ( 18 ) can be acted upon by a system pressure or by a control pressure. Locking device according to claim 3, characterized in that the securing device ( 18 ) hydraulically the Verriegelungsele element ( 15 ) is connected upstream. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the securing device ( 18 ) a slide valve ( 19 ) with a "non-locking position" of a slider ( 20 ) and a "locking position" of the slider ( 20 ), wherein on at least one working surface of the slider ( 20 ) a system pressure and / or a control pressure acts. Locking device according to claim 5, characterized in that the securing device ( 18 ) a mechanical securing element (blocking element 43 ) and a movement of the slide ( 20 ) with a movement of the mechanical securing element (blocking element 43 ) correlates. Locking device according to claim 6, characterized in that the slide ( 20 ) in an end region ( 32 ) the mechanical securing element (blocking element 43 ). Locking device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the securing device ( 18 ) a "transitional position" ( 2 ; 5 ), in which a mechanical securing element (blocking element 43 ) of the security device ( 18 ) is acted upon in the direction of the "locking position" and the mechanical securing element (blocking element 43 ) is moved from the "transition position" to the "locking position" when the locking element ( 15 ) in the defined position ( 3 ; 6 ) is located. Locking device according to claim 8, characterized in that the hydraulic state of the safety device ( 18 ) in the "secure position" ( 3 ) the hydraulic state in the "transitional position" ( 2 ) corresponds. Locking device according to claim 8, characterized in that the securing device ( 18 ) - in the transitional position ( 5 ) an actuation of the locking element ( 15 ) with the control pressure and - in the "securing position" ( 6 ) an actuation of the locking element ( 15 ) releases with the system pressure. Locking device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a slide ( 20 ) of the slide valve ( 19 ) in the direction of the "non-locking position" of the slider by a spring element (compression spring 41 ) is acted upon. Locking device according to claim 10, characterized in that the slide ( 20 ) - a work surface (extension 37 ), regardless of the position of the slide ( 20 ) the system pressure acts, and - at least one control edge or control groove (control edge 24 . 25 ; working chamber 21 . 22 . 23 ), which are outside the "non-locking position" of the slider ( 20 ) the loading of the locking element ( 15 ) with the control pressure and / or the system pressure unlocks, has.