DE102005025870A1 - Eddy current sensor arrangement - Google Patents
Eddy current sensor arrangement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102005025870A1 DE102005025870A1 DE200510025870 DE102005025870A DE102005025870A1 DE 102005025870 A1 DE102005025870 A1 DE 102005025870A1 DE 200510025870 DE200510025870 DE 200510025870 DE 102005025870 A DE102005025870 A DE 102005025870A DE 102005025870 A1 DE102005025870 A1 DE 102005025870A1
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- eddy current
- magnetic field
- sensor
- magnet
- blades
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
- G01D5/2006—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils
- G01D5/2013—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils by a movable ferromagnetic element, e.g. a core
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
- G01D5/2006—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils
- G01D5/2033—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils controlling the saturation of a magnetic circuit by means of a movable element, e.g. a magnet
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
- G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
- G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
- G01P3/488—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by variable reluctance detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
- G01P3/49—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed using eddy currents
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Abstract
Es wird eine Wirbelstromsensoranordnung vorgeschlagen, bei der elektrisch leitfähige Strukturen (3) eines Geberelements in einem Magnetfeld an einem Sensor (2) vorbeibewegbar sind und wobei das Sensorausgangssignal durch einen durch die leitfähigen Strukturen (3) hervorgerufenen Wirbelstrom beeinflussbar ist. Die leitfähigen Strukturen bestehen aus Schaufeln (3) oder Zähnen des Geberelements und zwischen den Schaufeln (3) oder Zähnen und dem das Magnetfeld erzeugenden Magneten (1) ist ein Magnetfeldsensor (2) angeordnet.An eddy-current sensor arrangement is proposed in which electrically conductive structures (3) of a donor element can be moved past a sensor (2) in a magnetic field and wherein the sensor output signal can be influenced by an eddy current caused by the conductive structures (3). The conductive structures consist of blades (3) or teeth of the transmitter element and a magnetic field sensor (2) is arranged between the blades (3) or teeth and the magnet (1) generating the magnetic field.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Wirbelstromsensoranordnung zur Erfassung der Bewegung eines Objekts mit einer Kontur aus zumindest teilweise leitfähigem Material nach dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs.The The invention relates to an eddy current sensor arrangement for detection the movement of an object with a contour of at least partially conductive Material according to the preamble of the main claim.
Es ist bekannt, dass beispielsweise zur Erfassung der Drehzahl oder der Winkelstellung von rotierenden Bauteilen in einem Kraftfahrzeug berührungslose Drehzahl- und Positionssensoren unter anderem zur Steuerung von Motoren oder auch in Getriebe- oder Fahrdynamiksteuerungen eingesetzt werden.It is known, for example, for detecting the speed or the angular position of rotating components in a motor vehicle contactless Speed and position sensors, among other things for the control of Engines or in transmission or vehicle dynamics controls are used.
Für sich gesehen
ist aus der
Hinsichtlich
der Signalverarbeitung ist es aus der
Bei vielen Anwendungen der zuvor beschriebenen Technik ist die präzise und verzögerungsfreie Erfassung der Bewegungsgrößen wie Winkel oder Drehzahl von größter Bedeutung für die Qualität des Antriebs oder der Regelbarkeit des Gesamtsystems. Beispielsweise stellt sich bei der Regelung von Turbinen das Problem, dass im oberen Drehzahlbereich sich eine hohe Turbinendrehzahl ergibt, wodurch die Luft stärker komprimiert wird als nötig. Im unteren Drehzahlbereich erreicht die Turbine nicht die notwendige Drehzahl, so dass die Luft nicht ausreichend komprimiert wird.at Many applications of the technique described above are the precise and delay-free detection the movement sizes like Angle or speed of the utmost importance for the quality the drive or the controllability of the overall system. For example arises in the regulation of turbines the problem that in the upper Speed range is a high turbine speed, which the air stronger is compressed as needed. In the lower speed range, the turbine does not reach the necessary Speed, so that the air is not compressed sufficiently.
Wenn die Turbine ein Turbinenrad eines sog. Turboladers für den Verbrennungsmotor eins Kraftfahrzeuges ist, so erreicht der Verbrennungsmotor bei den zuvor geschilderten Zuständen nicht die gewünschte Leistung und es entsteht das sog. Turboloch. Die Drehzahl des Turboladers hat somit einen direkten Einfluss auf das Kennfeld und damit auch auf die Leistung des Verbrennungsmotors. Bislang hat man die Drehzahl eines solchen Turboladers nur indirekt schätzen können, da die üblicherweise auf ähnlichen Anwendungsgebieten eingesetzten Drehgeber, wie Inkrementalgeber, Resolver oder magnetische Sensoren aufgrund der schweren Zugänglichkeit des Rotors bzw. des Turbinenrades sowie hoher Temperatur oder der hohen Drehzahl für diese Aufgabe nicht geeignet sind.If the turbine is a turbine wheel of a so-called turbocharger for the internal combustion engine is a motor vehicle, so reaches the internal combustion engine the previously described states not the desired one Performance and it creates the so-called turbo lag. The speed of the turbocharger thus has a direct impact on the map and thus on the power of the internal combustion engine. So far you have the speed such a turbocharger can estimate only indirectly, since the usual on similar Rotary encoders used, such as incremental encoders, Resolver or magnetic sensors due to the difficult accessibility of the rotor or the turbine wheel and high temperature or the high speed for this task are not suitable.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of invention
Es wird eine Wirbelstromsensoranordnung der eingangs genannten Art fortgebildet, bei der elektrisch leitfähige Strukturen eines Geberelements in einem Magnetfeld an einem Sensor vorbeibewegbar sind, wobei das Sensorausgangssignal durch einen durch die leitfähigen Strukturen hervorgerufenen Wirbelstrom beeinflussbar sind. Erfindungsgemäß sind in vorteilhafter Weise die leitfähigen Strukturen aus Schaufeln oder Zähnen des Geberelements gebildet und zwischen den Schaufeln oder Zähnen und dem das Magnetfeld erzeugenden Magneten ist ein Magnetfeldsensor angeordnet.It is an eddy current sensor arrangement of the type mentioned trained, in the electrically conductive structures of a donor element be moved past a sensor in a magnetic field, wherein the Sensor output signal caused by a through the conductive structures Eddy current can be influenced. According to the invention are in an advantageous manner the conductive ones Structures made of shovels or teeth formed of the donor element and between the blades or teeth and the magnetic field generating magnet is a magnetic field sensor arranged.
Die Erfindung beruht auf dem an sich aus den Maxwellgleichungen bekannten Prinzip v →·B →. Bewegt sich ein leitfähiger Stoff durch ein Feld mit der Geschwindigkeit v, so wird in diesem ein Wirbelstrom Iwirbelsrtom induziert und dieser Wirbelstrom wiederum verursacht ein Wirbelstrommagnetfeld Bwirbelstrom welches dem zuvor genannten Quellfeld entgegenwirkt. Dieses gilt nicht nur für Geberelemente aus ferromagnetischen Materialien wie Stähle sondern auch für nicht ferromagnetische Materialien, wie Kupfer, Aluminium usw..The invention is based on the principle known from the Maxwell equations v → · B →. If a conductive substance moves through a field with the velocity v, an eddy current I is induced in this eddy current and this eddy current in turn causes an eddy current magnetic field B eddy current which counteracts the aforementioned source field. This applies not only to encoder elements made of ferromagnetic materials such as steels but also to non-ferromagnetic materials such as copper, aluminum, etc.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Magnetfelssensor ein Differenzfeldsensor zur Messung eines in Bewegungsrichtung des Geberelements hervorgerufenen Differenzfeldes ist, beispielsweise wenn ein Sensor jeweils am linken und am rechten Rand des Magneten angeordnet sind. Man erhält dann aus dem Differenzsignal des Differenzfeldsensors nicht nur die digitale Drehzahl sondern auch eine Amplitude des Signals die drehzahlabhängig ist.Advantageous it is when the magnetic field sensor is a differential field sensor for measurement a caused in the direction of movement of the donor element differential field is, for example, if a sensor on the left and on the right Edge of the magnet are arranged. You then get from the difference signal of the differential field sensor not only the digital speed but also an amplitude of the signal which is speed-dependent.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist das Geberelement ein Turbinenrad, dessen Schaufeln während der Drehung durch das Magnetfeld des Magneten und am Magnetfeldsensor vorbeibewegbar sind. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Erfindung anwendbar, wenn das Turbinenrad Bestandteil eines Turboladers für einen Verbrennungsmotor ist.at an advantageous embodiment the donor element is a turbine wheel, whose blades during the Rotation through the magnetic field of the magnet and the magnetic field sensor are moved past. Particularly advantageous is the invention applicable, if the turbine wheel is part of a turbocharger for a Internal combustion engine is.
Da solche Turbolader-Turbinenräder in der Regel aus nichtmagnetischen Materialien, wie z.B. Aluminium bestehen, wird es mit der Erfindung möglich, ähnlich wie bei Raddrehzahlsensoren auch die Drehzahl des Turboladers zu erfassen. Es kann daher mit der Erfindung auf einfache Weise ein präziser, kostengünstiger und zugleich robuster Sensor für die direkte Erfassung der Drehzahl in Turboladern aufgebaut werden, was aufgrund des Materials und der schweren Zugänglichkeit bisher nur unzulänglich möglich war. Außerdem hat man mehr Freiheiten bei der Wahl des Einbauorts des Sensor und man kann mit einer geeigneten Auswertung eine sichere Drehzahlerfassung über den gesamten Drehzahl- und Temperaturbereich gewährleisten.As such turbocharger turbine wheels in the Usually consist of non-magnetic materials such as aluminum, it is possible with the invention, similar to wheel speed sensors to detect the speed of the turbocharger. It can therefore be constructed with the invention in a simple manner a precise, cost-effective and at the same time robust sensor for the direct detection of the speed in turbochargers, which was previously only inadequately possible due to the material and the difficult accessibility. In addition, you have more freedom in choosing the installation location of the sensor and you can ensure with a suitable evaluation safe speed detection over the entire speed and temperature range.
In vorteilhafter Weise kann man das Signal des Magnetfeldsensors mittels eines Komparators auswerten, wobei die durch die Schaufeln oder Zähne hervorgerufenen veränderlichen Wirbelstrominduktionen in ein Rechtecksignal umgewandelt werden, dessen Frequenz proportional zur Drehzahl des Geberelements ist. Andererseits ist es auch möglich, dass das Signal des Magnetfeldsensors dadurch ausgewertet wird, dass die Amplituden der durch die Schaufeln oder Zähne hervorgerufenen veränderlichen Wirbelstrominduktionen ausgewertet werden, die ebenfalls proportional zur Drehzahl des Geberelements sind.In Advantageously, one can use the signal of the magnetic field sensor means evaluate a comparator, with the through the blades or Teeth caused variable Eddy current inductions are converted into a square wave signal, whose frequency is proportional to the speed of the encoder element. On the other hand, it is also possible that the signal of the magnetic field sensor is evaluated by the amplitudes of the variable caused by the blades or teeth Eddy current inductions are evaluated, which are also proportional are to the speed of the donor element.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen:One embodiment The invention will be explained with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Beschreibung des Ausführungsbeispielsdescription of the embodiment
In
Aus
Zunächst ist
im Diagramm nach der
Die Wirbelstrominduktion BWS(n) ist somit im wesentlichen vom Produkt aus relativer Permeabilität, Leitfähigkeit, Durchmesser, Flussdichte, Drehzahl und Magnetdurchmesser abhängig.The eddy current induction B WS (n) is thus essentially dependent on the product of relative permeability, conductivity, diameter, flux density, speed and magnet diameter.
Die
Normalkomponente der magnetischen Flussdichte im Bereich des Luftspaltes
zwischen der Schaufel
Der
Magnetfeld-Differenzsensor
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200510025870 DE102005025870A1 (en) | 2005-06-06 | 2005-06-06 | Eddy current sensor arrangement |
PCT/EP2006/061752 WO2006131418A1 (en) | 2005-06-06 | 2006-04-21 | Eddy current sensor arrangement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200510025870 DE102005025870A1 (en) | 2005-06-06 | 2005-06-06 | Eddy current sensor arrangement |
Publications (1)
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DE102005025870A1 true DE102005025870A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
Family
ID=36940479
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE200510025870 Withdrawn DE102005025870A1 (en) | 2005-06-06 | 2005-06-06 | Eddy current sensor arrangement |
Country Status (2)
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DE (1) | DE102005025870A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006131418A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009027191A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for determining a torque and / or a rotation angle of a shaft |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3014137A1 (en) * | 1980-04-12 | 1981-10-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | DEVICE FOR CONTACTLESS TRAVEL AND / OR SPEED MEASUREMENT |
DE3041041C2 (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1983-06-23 | Krauss-Maffei AG, 8000 München | Magneto-electric displacement transducer |
DE3326477A1 (en) * | 1983-07-22 | 1985-01-31 | Telefunken electronic GmbH, 7100 Heilbronn | Arrangement for determining the rotational speed, the direction of rotation and/or the rotation angle of an object |
DE19646056C2 (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 1998-11-26 | Vogt Electronic Ag | Device for measuring the speed of a body rotating about an axis of rotation |
DE19927759A1 (en) * | 1999-06-17 | 2001-01-04 | Siemens Krauss Maffei Lokomoti | Magnetic distance measuring device |
DE19961876A1 (en) * | 1999-12-20 | 2001-06-28 | Micronas Gmbh | Method for detecting the speed and the angular position of a rotating wheel |
DE10320941B4 (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2006-06-01 | Zf Sachs Ag | Sensor wheel for an eddy current sensor arrangement |
US20050017709A1 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2005-01-27 | Honeywell International Inc. | Magnetoresistive turbocharger compressor wheel speed sensor |
-
2005
- 2005-06-06 DE DE200510025870 patent/DE102005025870A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-04-21 WO PCT/EP2006/061752 patent/WO2006131418A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009027191A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for determining a torque and / or a rotation angle of a shaft |
US8307720B2 (en) | 2009-06-25 | 2012-11-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for determining a torque and/or a rotational angle of a shaft |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2006131418A1 (en) | 2006-12-14 |
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