DE102005025384A1 - Bone implant, for inserting in bones as artificial limbs, has actuator operated externally for altering implant's external shape - Google Patents

Bone implant, for inserting in bones as artificial limbs, has actuator operated externally for altering implant's external shape Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102005025384A1
DE102005025384A1 DE102005025384A DE102005025384A DE102005025384A1 DE 102005025384 A1 DE102005025384 A1 DE 102005025384A1 DE 102005025384 A DE102005025384 A DE 102005025384A DE 102005025384 A DE102005025384 A DE 102005025384A DE 102005025384 A1 DE102005025384 A1 DE 102005025384A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
implant
bone
actuator
implant according
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE102005025384A
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German (de)
Inventor
Roman Stauch
Markus Glaser
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Wittenstein SE
Original Assignee
Wittenstein SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wittenstein SE filed Critical Wittenstein SE
Priority to DE102005025384A priority Critical patent/DE102005025384A1/en
Publication of DE102005025384A1 publication Critical patent/DE102005025384A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
    • A61B17/7233—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone
    • A61B17/7258—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone with laterally expanding parts, e.g. for gripping the bone
    • A61B17/7266—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone with laterally expanding parts, e.g. for gripping the bone with fingers moving radially outwardly
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662—Femoral shafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/48—Operating or control means, e.g. from outside the body, control of sphincters
    • A61F2/482—Electrical means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/48—Operating or control means, e.g. from outside the body, control of sphincters
    • A61F2/484—Fluid means, i.e. hydraulic or pneumatic
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    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
    • A61B17/66—Alignment, compression or distraction mechanisms
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    • A61B2017/00535—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets pneumatically or hydraulically operated
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    • A61B2017/00831—Material properties
    • A61B2017/00867—Material properties shape memory effect
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    • A61B5/07—Endoradiosondes
    • A61B5/076—Permanent implantations
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/28—Bones
    • A61F2002/286—Bone stimulation by mechanical vibrations for enhancing ossification
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/3006—Properties of materials and coating materials
    • A61F2002/30092—Properties of materials and coating materials using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108—Shapes
    • A61F2002/3011—Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/30112—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2210/0014—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
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    • A61F2220/0033—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementary-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
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    • A61F2220/0075—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements sutured, ligatured or stitched, retained or tied with a rope, string, thread, wire or cable
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    • A61F2250/0012—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof adjustable for adjusting elasticity, flexibility, spring rate or mechanical tension

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

An external shape of a bone implant (R1) can be altered via an actuator (5) operated externally that actively triggers a pre-tensioned force with controlled adjustment through altering the external shape of the implant on bones. The implant has a shank (1) with a cylindrical, slightly conical shape. A ball-joint (3) or any connecting part (4) like a joint's socket links to the shank.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Implantat zum Einsetzen in Knochen, wie Prothesen, Hüftgelenks-, Kniegelenksprothesen, Marknägel oder Distraktionsvorrichtungen mit zumindest einem Aktuator, welcher von aussen betätigbar ist.The The present invention relates to an implant for insertion into bone, such as prostheses, hip joints, Knee joint prostheses, intramedullary nails or distraction devices with at least one actuator, which operable from the outside is.

Derartige Impantate, Transplantate, Prothesen, Hüftgelenksprothesen, Kniegelenksprothesen, Marknägel od. dgl. sind in vielfältiger Form und Ausführung auf dem Markt bekannt und gebräuchlich. Bei herkömmlichen Implantaten, insbesondere bei herkömmlichen Prothesen besteht die Gefahr der Lockerung des Prothesenschaftes, zumeist dann, wenn die Prothese über einen längeren Zeitraum implantiert wird. Beispielsweise müssen Hüftgelenksprothesen nach ca. zwölf Jahren ausgetauscht oder ersetzt werden. Die Ursache hierfür liegt im sogenannten Stressshielding, d.h. einem Kraftnebenschluss durch das Implantat, weshalb der Knochen keine Belastung mehr erfährt und sich zurückbildet. Der Zusammenhang zwischen der Belastung des Knochens und einem Remoddeling ist über das Wolff'sche Gesetz beschrieben.such Impantates, transplants, prostheses, hip joint prostheses, knee joint prostheses, intramedullary nails od. Like. Are in manifold Shape and design known and in use on the market. In conventional Implants, in particular in conventional prostheses the risk of loosening of the prosthesis stem, usually when the prosthesis over a longer one Period is implanted. For example, hip joint prostheses must be twelve years replaced or replaced. The reason for this is in so-called stress-shielding, i. a force bypass the implant, which is why the bone is no longer subject to stress and regresses. The connection between the strain of the bone and a remodeling is over Wolff's law described.

Das herkömmliche Einbringen eines Implantates, insbesondere einer Prothese in einen Knochen erfolgt durch Einzementieren oder Einschlagen. Dabei wird beim Zementieren kalt oder warm aushärtender Zement verwendet, wobei dieses Einzementieren hinsichtlich der Hygiene und der Sauberkeit nicht unproblematisch ist. Häufig führt eine schlecht vorbereitete oder ausgeführte Zementverbindung des Implantates im Knochen zu einer vorzeitigen Lockerung, was unerwünscht ist.The conventional Inserting an implant, in particular a prosthesis in a Bone is done by cementing or wrapping. It will used in cementing cold or warm curing cement, wherein this cementing in terms of hygiene and cleanliness not unproblematic. Often leads one poorly prepared or executed cement compound of the implant in the bone to premature relaxation, which is undesirable.

Ferner wird das Knochengewebe bei schnell bindenden Kunstharzen durch entstehende Hitze und durch die entstehenden Dämpfe geschädigt.Further Bone tissue is formed by rapidly binding synthetic resins Heat and damaged by the resulting vapors.

Insbesondere ist nachteilig bei herkömmlichen Implantaten, insbesondere Prothesen, dass bei der Implantation eine resultierende Länge des Knochen-Implantatverbundes schwer bei der Operation einzustellen ist. Hierdurch kann es beispielsweise zu zwei verschieden langen Beinen kommen, was zu weiteren Folgeschäden oder weiteren Operationen führen kann.Especially is disadvantageous in conventional Implants, in particular prostheses, that during implantation a resulting length of the bone-implant composite difficult to adjust at surgery. As a result, it can, for example, to two legs of different lengths come, leading to further consequential damage or further operations can.

Bei der Implantation durch Einschlagen oder Einzementieren ist die Länge ebenfalls nur schwer exakt einzustellen und eine späteren Korrektur ist nicht mehr möglich.at implantation by hammering or cementing is also the length difficult to set exactly and a later correction is no more possible.

Müssen derartige einzementierte Implantate bzw. Prothesen ausgetauscht oder ausgewechselt werden, so müssen bei der Operation verbleibende Zementrückstände am Knochen aufwendig entfernt werden, was einen Verlust und Schwund von Knochenmaterial zur Folge hat. Hierdurch kann eine Revision bzw. ein Austausch von Implantaten nur begrenzt oft durchgeführt werden.Need such cemented implants or prostheses exchanged or replaced so must During the operation remaining cement residues on the bone removed consuming resulting in loss and loss of bone material Has. This can be a revision or replacement of implants only limited often performed become.

Ferner sind sogenannte Prothesen bekannt, die eine rein mechanische Verriegelung gewährleisten, in dem diese in den proximalen Teil des Femur des Knochens eingeschraubt werden. Auch hier ist nachteilig, dass diese sich mit der Zeit lockern können.Further So-called prostheses are known which have a purely mechanical locking guarantee, in which these are screwed into the proximal part of the femur of the bone become. Again, it is disadvantageous that they relax over time can.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Implantat der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, welches die genannten Nachteile beseitigt und mit welchem auf einfache und kostengünstige Weise der Halt des Implantates im Knochen verbessert, das Implantat im Knochen ggf. ein Leben lang verbleiben kann, das Implantat, insbesondere die Prothese im Knochen einen besseren Halt gewährleistet und den Knochen, sowie die Knochenhaut zur besseren Einbindung des Implantates im Knochen stimuliert.Of the The present invention is based on the object, an implant to create the type mentioned, which mentioned disadvantages eliminated and with which in a simple and inexpensive way the Implant retention in the bone improves, the implant in the bone may possibly remain for a lifetime, the implant, in particular the prosthesis in the bone ensures a better grip and the bone, and the periosteum for better integration of the implant in the Bone stimulates.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe führten die Merkmale der Kennzeichen der Patentansprüche 1 und 2.to solution led this task the features of the characteristics of the claims 1 and 2.

Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, aktiv, drahtlos oder drahtgebunden von aussen ein Implantat anzusteuern, um die Form des Implantates in wählbaren Schritten, in wählbaren Zeiteinheiten mit wählbarer Vorspannkraft zu verändern. Insbesondere kann ein äusserer Querschnitt des Implantates regelbar, ansteuerbar auch hinsichtlich seiner Vorspannkraft innen an den Knochen angelegt werden. Hierdurch kann beispielsweise das Implantat sofort während der Operation in den Knochen eingeschoben und dort durch Querschnittserweiterung nach aussen fixiert werden.at The present invention has proven particularly advantageous. active, wireless or wired externally to control an implant, to select the shape of the implant in selectable Steps, in selectable Time units with selectable Preload force to change. In particular, an external Cross-section of the implant controllable, controllable also with regard to its preload force be applied to the inside of the bones. hereby For example, the implant may be inserted immediately during surgery Bone inserted and there by cross-sectional expansion to be fixed outside.

Hierdurch wird kein Knochengewebe beschädigt und der Patient wird wieder schneller bei kürzerer Liegezeit mobilisiert.hereby no bone tissue is damaged and the patient is again mobilized faster with shorter lay time.

Zudem kann beispielsweise eine Beinlängendifferenz durch Lösen des Prothesenschaftes durch Verringern des Querschnittes wieder gelöst werden und die Prothese bzw. das Implantat repositioniert werden. Dies erfolgt drahtlos und auch ggf. nach längerer Zeit nach dem Einsetzen des Implantates im Knochen erfolgen.moreover for example, a leg length difference by loosening of the prosthesis stem by reducing the cross section again solved and the prosthesis or the implant are repositioned. This takes place wirelessly and possibly also after a long time after insertion of the implant in the bone.

Ferner ist möglich, dass beispielsweise durch Induktion von aussen sich die Form des Implantates auch zu jeder späteren Zeit nach vielen Jahren verändern lässt, um eine Lockerung des Implantates bzw. der Prothese im Knochen auszugleichen und wieder anzuspannen.Further is possible, that, for example, by induction from the outside, the shape of the Implants also at any later Change time after many years leaves, to compensate for a loosening of the implant or the prosthesis in the bone and tense again.

Dies ist auch von Vorteil bei Kindern, die sich noch im Wachstum befinden, so dass das Implantat durch permanente Querschnittsvergrösserung sich an den wachsenden Knochen anpassen kann.This is also beneficial for children who are still growing so that the implant by permanent cross-sectional enlargement can adapt to growing bones.

Zudem lässt sich auch eine Vorspannkraft regelbar und steuerbar von aussen drahtlos einstellen, um einen gewünschten Halt des Implantates im Knochen einzustellen.moreover let yourself also a preload adjustable and controllable from the outside wirelessly set to a desired one Stop the implant in the bone.

Mit einem derartigen Implantat lässt sich, dessen äussere Form auch derart ändern, dass durch alternierende Schellenbelastung hinsichtlich der Vorspannkraft, beispielsweise in Ruhephasen oder während des Schlafens, das Knochengewebe und der Knochen zu einer Knochenstimulation bzw. Knochenverstärkung anreget wird, so dass auf lange Sicht gesehen das Implantat im Knochen verstärkt gehalten und der Knochen selbst hierdurch gestärkt wird.With such an implant leaves itself, its outer Change shape like that, that by alternating clamp load with respect to the biasing force, for example, during rest periods or while sleeping, the bone tissue and stimulating the bone to bone stimulation or bone reinforcement so that in the long run the implant is kept reinforced in the bone and the bone itself is thereby strengthened.

Dabei können unterschiedlichste Implantate unterschiedlichster Bauweise und Funktion vorgesehen sein, um eine äussere Form, eine äussere Kontur zumindest teilweise einem äusseren Querschnitt des Implantates zu verändern.there can Different implants of different construction and function be provided to an external Form, an outer one Contour at least partially an outer cross-section of the implant to change.

Hierzu können beliebige Aktuatoren, wie bspw. elektromechanischer, hydraulischer, mechanischer Art im Implantat eingesetzt sein. Derartige Aktuatoren können auch in Form von Formgedächtnislegierungen, Federelementen, Piezoaktuatoren od. dgl. Anwendung finden.For this can any actuators, such as electromechanical, hydraulic, mechanical type used in the implant. Such actuators can also in the form of shape memory alloys, Spring elements, piezo actuators od. Like. Find application.

Wichtig ist, dass von aussen sehr einfach zugänglich drahtlos eine Stimulation des Knochens durch eine sich ändernde Querschnittsverengung in einem wählbaren Bereich mit regelbarer Vorspannkraft erfolgen kann, um den Knochen zu stimulieren.Important is that from the outside very easily accessible wireless stimulation of the bone by a changing one Cross-sectional narrowing in a selectable Area with adjustable preload force can be done to the bone to stimulate.

Auch beim Austauschen des Implantates ist ein Ausbau bzw. ein Wechsel sehr leicht möglich, ohne den Knochen zu beschädigen, indem sein Durchmesser verringert wird.Also when replacing the implant is a removal or a change very easy, without damaging the bone, by reducing its diameter.

Ferner soll auch daran gedacht sein, dass beispielsweise teilweise radiale Laschen, Stifte od. dgl. radiale Verformungen des Aussenbereiches des Implantates in oben beschriebener Weise ermöglichen, um eine äussere Kontur bzw. eine äussere Form, insbesondere einen äusseren Querschnitt des Implantates aktiv regelbar und steuerbar berührungslos von aussen zu verändern.Further should also be remembered that, for example, partially radial Tabs, pins od. Like. Radial deformations of the outer area allow the implant in the manner described above, to an outer contour or an external one Shape, in particular an outer one Cross-section of the implant actively controllable and controllable without contact to change from the outside.

Über entsprechende Kraftmesseinrichtung, Kraftsensoren können Biegemomente, Belastungen in der Frühphase, nach der Implantation ermittelt werden und ggf. vor Überlastung sogar warnen.About appropriate Force measuring device, force sensors can bending moments, loads in the early stages, be determined after implantation and possibly overloaded even warn.

Auch ist denkbar, dass über die Kraftsensoren unterschiedliche Belastungen während unterschiedlichen Aktivitäten ermittelt und entsprechende grössere Vorspannkräfte bzw. Verriegelungskräfte zwischen Implantat und Knochen angelegt werden können. Somit wird eine zusätzliche Stimulation des umgebenden Knochens erreicht.Also is conceivable that over the force sensors determined different loads during different activities and corresponding larger ones prestressing forces or locking forces between implant and bone can be created. Thus, an additional Stimulation of the surrounding bone is achieved.

Auch soll daran gedacht sein, entsprechende Temperatursensoren im Implantat einzusetzen, um beispielsweise Gelenkstemperaturen zu ermitteln und nach aussen drahtlos weiterzugeben. Hierdurch kann auch die Gelenksbelastung und der Zustand des Gelenkes ermittelt werden.Also should be thought of, appropriate temperature sensors in the implant to use, for example, to determine joint temperatures and to pass on to the outside wirelessly. This can also be the Joint load and the condition of the joint can be determined.

Ferner soll daran gedacht sein, dass Sensoren vorgesehen sind, die einen Verschleissgrad der Prothese selbst ermitteln und über die Schnittstelle drahtlos ausgegeben werden können. Hierdurch kann eine Revision bzw. ein Austausch beispielsweise von Gelenksbelägen besser kalkuliert und eingeplant werden.Further should be thought that sensors are provided, the one Determine the degree of wear of the prosthesis itself and on the Interface can be output wirelessly. This can be a revision or an exchange, for example, of joint coverings better calculated and planned become.

Ebenfalls kann eine Oberfläche des Implantates bzw. der Prothese, insbesondere im Bereich des sich ändernden Querschnittes aufgeraut sein, um ein Einwachsen des Gewebes zu erleichtern.Also can be a surface of the implant or the prosthesis, in particular in the area of the changing Roughened cross-section to facilitate tissue ingrowth.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele sowie anhand der Zeichnung; diese zeigt inFurther Advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent the following description of preferred embodiments and by reference the drawing; this shows in

1 einen schematisch dargestellten Querschnitt durch ein Implantat, insbesondere durch eine Prothese; 1 a schematically illustrated cross section through an implant, in particular by a prosthesis;

2 einen schematisch dargestellten Längsschnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines weiteren Implantates, eingesetzt in einen Knochen; 2 a schematically illustrated longitudinal section through a further embodiment of another implant, inserted into a bone;

3 einen schematisch dargestellten Längsschnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines weiteren Implantates gemäss den 1 und 2; 3 a schematically illustrated longitudinal section through a further embodiment of another implant according to the 1 and 2 ;

4 einen schematisch dargestellten Teillängsschnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines weiteren Implantates gemäss 3. 4 a schematically illustrated partial longitudinal section through a further embodiment of another implant according to 3 ,

Gemäss 1 weist ein Implantat R1 einen Schaft 1 auf, der vorzugsweise eine zylindrische, leicht konische Form besitzt. Im Anschluss an den Schaft 1 schliesst beispielsweise eine Gelenkkugel 3 oder ein beliebiges Anschlussteil 4, wie Gelenkpfannen od. dgl. an. Hierauf sei die Erfindung nicht beschränkt. Dabei wird, wie es insbesondere bei einem Implantat R2 gemäss 2 dargestellt ist, der Schaft 1 in einen Knochen 2 vorzugsweise stirnseitig eingesetzt.According to 1 For example, an implant R 1 has a shaft 1 on, which preferably has a cylindrical, slightly conical shape. Following the shaft 1 closes, for example, a joint ball 3 or any connection part 4 , like sockets or the like. The invention is not limited thereto. It is, as in particular in an implant R 2 according to 2 is shown, the shaft 1 in a bone 2 preferably used on the front side.

Um das Einsetzen des Implantates R1, insbesondere des Schaftes 1 in den Knochen 2 zu erleichtern, hat es sich bei der vorliegenden Erfindung als vorteilhaft erwiesen, zumindest teilweise eine äussere Form, insbesondere einen äusseren Querschnitt Q zu verändern.To the insertion of the implant R 1 , in particular of the shaft 1 in the bones 2 To facilitate it, it has proven in the present invention to be advantageous, at least partially, to change an outer shape, in particular an outer cross-section Q.

Hierzu wird bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss 1 beim Implantat R1 ein Aktuator 5 elektromechanisch, vorzugsweise drahtlos ansteuerbar angetrieben, der beispielsweise eine Spindel 6 rotativ antreibt. Auf der Spindel 6, die auch als Gewindestange ausgebildet sein kann, sitzt zumindest ein konusartiges Spannelement 7 auf, welches durch rotatives Bewegen 6 der Spindel in dargestellter Doppelpfeilrichtung X hin- und herbewegbar ist.For this purpose, in the embodiment according to 1 implant R 1 an actuator 5 electromechanical, preferably driven by wireless driven, for example, a spindle 6 rotatively drives. On the spindle 6 , which can also be designed as a threaded rod, sits at least one cone-like clamping element 7 on which by rotating it 6 the spindle in the double arrowed direction X shown is reciprocable.

Dabei sitzen vorzugsweise mehrer konusartige Element zueinander beabstandet der Spindel 6 bzw. Gewindestange auf.In this case, preferably several cone-like element spaced from each other of the spindle 6 or threaded rod on.

In einem Wandbereich 8 liegt das konusartige Spannelement 7 innen im Schaft 1 des Implantates R1 an einer entsprechend ausgebildeten konusartigen Fläche 9 an.In a wall area 8th lies the cone-like clamping element 7 inside the shaft 1 of the implant R 1 on a correspondingly formed cone-like surface 9 at.

Durch entsprechendes rotatives Antreiben des Aktuators 5 bzw. der Spindel 6 lässt sich eine äussere Form des Schaftes 1 bzw. des Implantates 1 und somit ein äusserer Querschnitt Q des Implantates 1 steuerbar und regelbar verändern.By appropriate rotary driving of the actuator 5 or the spindle 6 can be an external shape of the shaft 1 or the implant 1 and thus an outer cross-section Q of the implant 1 controllable and controllable change.

Zudem weist das Implantat R1 zumindest ein Kraftmesssystem 10 auf, über welches eine Vorspannkraft, insbesondere bei Anliegen des äusseren Wandbereiches 8 innen am Knochen 2 ermittelbar, einstellbar und regelbar ist. Dabei erfolgt die Ansteuerung des Aktuators 5 über zumindest eine Schnittstelle 11 drahtlos von aussen, vorzugsweise induktiv, wobei über die Schnittstelle 11 Daten und/oder Energie bidirektional von aussen berührungslos auf das Implantat R1 übertragen werden können.In addition, the implant R 1 has at least one force measuring system 10 on, over which a biasing force, especially when concerns the outer wall area 8th inside the bone 2 can be determined, adjusted and regulated. In this case, the activation of the actuator takes place 5 via at least one interface 11 wirelessly from the outside, preferably inductive, via the interface 11 Data and / or energy can be transmitted bidirectionally from the outside without contact to the implant R 1 .

Auf diese Weise lässt sich berührungslos von aussen zumindest teilweise eine Form bzw. zumindest teilweise ein Querschnitt Q des Implantates R1, insbesondere des Schaftes 1 regelbar und steuerbar von aussen verändern.In this way, at least partially a form or at least partially a cross-section Q of the implant R 1 , in particular of the shaft, can be obtained from outside without contact 1 adjustable and controllable from the outside.

Dabei hat sich bei der vorliegenden Erfindung als vorteilhaft erwiesen, dass beispielsweise vor dem Einsetzen des Implantates R1 während der Operation das Implantat R1 bzw. die Prothese in den Knochen 2 stirnseitig einsetzt und durch entsprechende Erweiterung des äusseren Querschnittes Q im Knochen 2 fixiert werden kann.It has proved to be advantageous in the present invention that, for example, prior to insertion of the implant R 1 during surgery, the implant R 1 and the prosthesis in the bone 2 inserted on the front side and by appropriate extension of the outer cross-section Q in the bone 2 can be fixed.

Hierdurch wird kein Knochengewebe beschädigt und eine Liegezeit des Patienten ist damit reduziert.hereby no bone tissue is damaged and a lying time of the patient is reduced.

Ferner ist von Vorteil bei der vorliegenden Erfindung, dass beispielsweise bei sich ergebenden Beinlängendifferenzen sich ohne operativen Eingriff, beispielsweise bei einer Hüftgelenksprothese durch Lösen des Schaftes des Implantates R1 berührungslos und durch entsprechendes Justieren des Knochens durch Herausziehen oder Einschieben in das Implantat sich eine Beinlänge verändern lässt und nach dem Einstellen bzw. Justieren das Implantat R1 wieder berührungslos mit einer gewünschten regelbaren Vorspannkraft innen an den Knochen durch Veränderung der Form wieder festgelegt wird.It is also advantageous in the present invention that, for example, resulting in leg length differences without surgery, for example in a hip joint prosthesis by loosening the shank of the implant R 1 contactless and by adjusting the bone by pulling or pushing into the implant to change a leg length leaves and after adjusting or adjusting the implant R 1 again without contact with a desired controllable biasing force inside the bone by changing the shape is set again.

Ferner ist von Vorteil bei der vorliegenden Erfindung, dass sollte sich ggf. das Implantat lockern, im Knochen automatisch oder in wählbaren Zeitabständen sich über den Aktuator die äussere Form bzw. der äussere Querschnitt erweitern lässt und das Implantat R1 wieder mit einer wählbaren Vorspannkraft an den Knochen 2 innen angelegt werden kann.It is also advantageous in the present invention that should possibly loosen the implant, in the bone automatically or at selectable intervals over the actuator, the outer shape or the outer cross section can be expanded and the implant R 1 again with a selectable biasing force the bone 2 can be created inside.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, dass durch eine regelbare und ansteuerbare Änderung der äusseren Form, insbesondere des äusseren Querschnittes des Implantates durch eine alternierende Schwellbelastung, durch Erweitern und Verringern in alternierenden wählbaren Schritten eine Knochenverstärkung, eine Knochenbelebung, eine Belebung des Knochengewebes, sowie eine Knochenstimulation durchgeführt werden kann, was dem Knochenaufbau und damit der Stärkung und einer verstärkten Einbindung des Implantates R1 im Knochen 2 dient.Another advantage of the present invention is that by a controllable and controllable change of the external shape, in particular the outer cross-section of the implant by an alternating threshold load, by expanding and reducing in alternating selectable steps, a bone reinforcement, bone revitalization, a revival of the bone tissue, as well a bone stimulation can be performed, which is the bone structure and thus the strengthening and increased involvement of the implant R 1 in the bone 2 serves.

Hierdurch werden ebenfalls in oben beschriebener weise drahtlos Energie und/oder Daten bidirektional dem Implantat zugeführt, so dass eine entsprechende Knochenstimulation durch eine Schwellbelastung, durch eine sich ändernde Form erzielt werden kann.hereby are also wireless in the manner described above, and / or Bidirectional data supplied to the implant, so that a corresponding Bone stimulation by a Schwellbelastung, by a changing Shape can be achieved.

Das in 1 aufgezeigte Implantat R1, welches elektromechanischer Art ist, ist rein beispielhafter Natur, es können auch andere mechanische, hydraulische, pneumatische, piezoelektrische Elemente im Implantat, insbesondere im Schaft 1 integriert sein, um eine äussere Form bzw. ein äusserer Querschnitt oder ggf. auch eine Länge des Implantates zu oben beschriebenem Zweck zu verändern.This in 1 shown implant R 1 , which is electromechanical type is purely exemplary nature, there may be other mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, piezoelectric elements in the implant, in particular in the shaft 1 be integrated to change an outer shape or an outer cross section or possibly also a length of the implant for the purpose described above.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss 2 ist das Implantat R2 schematisch dargestellt, bei welchem zumindest ein Kniehebelelement 12 entsprechend oben beschriebener Weise durch rotatives Verdrehen der Spindel 6 mittels des Aktuators 5 gegen einen Wandbereich 8 zur Veränderung der äusseren Form des Schaftes 1 bzw. des Querschnittes Q anlegbar ist.In the embodiment according to 2 the implant R 2 is shown schematically, in which at least one toggle lever element 12 according to the manner described above by rotary rotation of the spindle 6 by means of the actuator 5 against a wall area 8th for changing the outer shape of the shaft 1 or of the cross section Q can be applied.

Dabei kann das Kniehebelelement 12 über ein flächiges Element 13 Kraft auf einen grösseren Wandbereich 12 zumindest teilweise übertragen, um zumindest teilweise radial, nahezu voll umlaufend eine äussere Form, insbesondere einen äusseren Querschnitt des Schaftes 1 des Implantates R2 zu erweitern.In this case, the toggle element 12 over a flat element 13 Force on a larger wall area 12 at least partially transferred to at least partially radially, almost fully encircling an outer shape, in particular an outer cross section of the shank 1 of the implant R 2 to expand.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss 3 ist ein Implantat R3 aufgezeigt, welches vorzugsweise im stirnseitigen Bereich einen Aktuator 5 aufweist, der hydraulischer Art ist. Dabei ist der Schaft 1 in einzelne Kammern 14, 15 und 16 unterteilt, welche vorzugsweise einzeln über den Aktuator 5 ansteuerbar sind und hydraulisch oder pneumatisch mit Druck beaufschlagbar sind, um der äusseren Form des Implantates R3, insbesondere eines äusseren Querschnitt Q des Schaftes 1 zu verändern.In the embodiment according to 3 an implant R 3 is shown, which preferably in the frontal region an actuator 5 which is hydraulic type. Here is the shaft 1 into individual chambers 14 . 15 and 16 divided, which preferably individually via the actuator 5 can be controlled and hydraulically or pneumatically pressurized to the outer shape of the implant R 3 , in particular an outer cross-section Q of the shaft 1 to change.

Dabei können die jeweiligen einzelnen Kammern 14, 15, 16 einzeln individuell mit Druck beaufschlagt werden, um in ganz bestimmten gezielten axialen Bereichen gleiche oder unterschiedlich wählbare Vorspannkräfte F1, F2, F3 zum Anlegen des Implantates R3 an einem nicht näher dargestellten Knochen 2, zu gewährleisten.The respective individual chambers can 14 . 15 . 16 individually be subjected to pressure individually in order to achieve in certain specific axial areas the same or different selectable biasing forces F 1 , F 2 , F 3 for applying the implant R 3 to a bone, not shown 2 , to ensure.

Anstelle eines hydraulisch oder pneumatisch betriebenen Aktuators 5 kann auch ein entsprechend elektrisch, piezoelektrisch od. dgl. betriebener Aktuator 5 jeweils in die Kammern 14, 15, 16 eingesetzte Aktuatoren, bestehend aus Formgedächtnislegierungen (FGL) einzeln, gemeinsam oder separat ansteuern, um gleiche oder unterschiedliche wählbare Vorspannkräfte F1, F2, F3 durch Veränderung der äusseren Form bzw. des äusseren Querschnittes zu erhalten. Dies soll ebenfalls im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung liegen.Instead of a hydraulically or pneumatically operated actuator 5 can also be a correspondingly electrically, piezoelectrically od. Like. Operated actuator 5 each in the chambers 14 . 15 . 16 used actuators consisting of shape memory alloys (FGL) individually, together or separately control to obtain the same or different selectable biasing forces F1, F2, F3 by changing the outer shape or the outer cross-section. This should also be within the scope of the present invention.

Im letzten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung gemäss 4 ist ein Implantat R4 aufgezeigt, bei welchem im Schaft ein Aktuator 5 eingesetzt ist, welcher hydraulisch einen Druck erzeugt, der einen Ringraum 17 im Bereich des Wandbereiches 8 des Schaftes 1 mit Druck beaufschlagt, um den Wandbereich 8 querschnittlich zu erweitern. Auch der Aktuator 5 kann über die Schnittstelle 11 drahtlos von aussen in oben beschriebener Weise angesteuert werden.In the last embodiment of the present invention according to 4 an implant R 4 is shown, in which an actuator in the shaft 5 is used, which hydraulically generates a pressure, the annulus 17 in the area of the wall area 8th of the shaft 1 pressurized to the wall area 8th expand cross-sectionally. Also the actuator 5 can over the interface 11 wireless from the outside in the top be driven described manner.

Auch hier ist ein Kraftmesssystem 10 vorgesehen, welches beispielsweise zumindest einen Drucksensor enthält, um eine Vorspannung des äusseren Wandbereiches 8 beim Anliegen innen am Knochen zu ermitteln, zu regeln und zu steuern.Here too is a force measuring system 10 provided, which contains, for example, at least one pressure sensor to a bias of the outer wall portion 8th to locate, regulate, and control the issue inside the bone.

Bezugszeichenliste

Figure 00130001
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
Figure 00130001

Claims (21)

Implantat zum Einsetzen in Knochen (2), wie Prothesen, Hüftgelenks-, Kniegelenksprothesen, Marknägel oder Distraktionsvorrichtungen mit zumindest einem Aktuator (5), welcher von aussen betätigbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass über den zumindest einen Aktuator (5) zumindest teilweise eine äussere Form des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4) veränderbar ist.Implant for insertion into bone ( 2 ), such as prostheses, hip joint, knee joint prostheses, intramedullary nails or distraction devices with at least one actuator ( 5 ) which can be actuated from the outside, characterized in that via the at least one actuator ( 5 ) At least partially an outer shape of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) is variable. Implantat zum Einsetzen in Knochen (2), wie Prothesen, Hüftgelenks-, Kniegelenksprothesen, Marknägel oder Distraktionsvorrichtungen mit zumindest einem Aktuator (5), welcher von aussen betätigbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass über den zumindest einen Aktuator (5) aktiv ansteuerbar eine Vorspannkraft (F, F1, F2, F3) durch Veränderung zumindest teilweise der äusseren Form des Implantates (R1 bis R4) auf den Knochen (2) steuerbar einstellbar ist.Implant for insertion into bone ( 2 ), such as prostheses, hip joint, knee joint prostheses, intramedullary nails or distraction devices with at least one actuator ( 5 ) which can be actuated from the outside, characterized in that via the at least one actuator ( 5 ) actively controllable a biasing force (F, F 1 , F 2 , F 3 ) by changing at least partially the outer shape of the implant (R 1 to R 4 ) on the bone ( 2 ) is controllably adjustable. Implantat nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass über den zumindest einen Aktuator (5) zumindest teilweise ein äusserer Querschnitt (Q) des Implantates (R1 bis R4) ansteuerbar veränderbar ist.Implant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that via the at least one actuator ( 5 ) at least partially an outer cross-section (Q) of the implant (R 1 to R 4 ) is controllably changeable. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass über zumindest ein Kraftmesssystem (10) eine Vorspannkraft (F, F1, F2, F3) regelbar und veränderbar, nachjustierbar durch Veränderung der äusseren Form des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4) auf eine Knochenhöhle des Knochens (2) einstellbar ist.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that via at least one force measuring system ( 10 ) a biasing force (F, F 1 , F 2 , F 3 ) adjustable and changeable, readjustable by changing the outer shape of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) on a bone cavity of the bone ( 2 ) is adjustable. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Stimulation des Knochens (2) und zur Anregung des Knochengewebes und zur Knochenverstärkung in wählbaren und ansteuerbaren Zeitabständen sich die äussere Form zumindest teilweise vergrösstert und wieder geringfügig verkleinert.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that for the stimulation of the bone ( 2 ) and for excitation of the bone tissue and for bone reinforcement at selectable and controllable time intervals, the external shape at least partially increased in size and again slightly reduced. Implantat nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Stimulation, insbesondere eine Knochenverstärkung sowie ein Wiederaufbau von geschwächten Knochen durch wechselnde Schwellbelastung, durch wechselndes Verändern der Form des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4) mittels des zumindest einen Aktuators (5) regelbar und steuerbar in wählbaren Zeitabständen erfolgt.Implant according to claim 5, characterized in that a stimulation, in particular a bone reinforcement and a reconstruction of weakened bones by changing threshold load, by changing the shape of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) by means of the at least one actuator ( 5 ) is regulated and controllable at selectable intervals. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Einsetzen des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4), insbesondere eines Schaftes (1) des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4) in den Knochen (2) ein Querschnitt (Q) des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4) zumindest teilweise verringerbar ist und nach dem Einsetzen des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4) in den Knochen (2) der Querschnitt (Q) des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4) zumindest teilweise erweiterbar, insbesondere veränderbar ist um das Implantat (R1, R2, R3, R4) gegenüber dem Knochen innen festzulegen.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that for insertion of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ), in particular a shaft ( 1 ) of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) in the bone ( 2 ) a cross-section (Q) of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) is at least partially reducible and after insertion of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) into the bone ( 2 ) the cross-section (Q) of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) is at least partially expandable, in particular variable to the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) set against the bone inside. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach einer Lockerung des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4) drahtlos und regelbar von aussen die äussere Form, insbesondere der äussere Querschnitt (Q) des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4) erweiterbar ist, um das Implantat (R1, R2, R3, R4) wieder fest im Knochen (2) einzubinden.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that after loosening of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) wirelessly and controllable from the outside, the outer shape, in particular the outer cross-section (Q) of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) is expandable to the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) firmly back in the bone ( 2 ). Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Implantat (R1, R2, R3, R4) durch Verringerung seiner äusseren Form, insbesondere seines äusseren Querschnitts (Q), ggf. zum Austauschen, zur Revision oder zum Ausgleich einer Beinlängendifferenz aus dem Knochen (2) entnehmbar oder im Knochen (2) verschiebbar ist.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) by reducing its external shape, in particular its outer cross section (Q), if necessary for replacement, for revision or to compensate for a leg length difference from the bone ( 2 ) or in the bone ( 2 ) is displaceable. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Aktuator (5) auf bspw. elektromechanische Weise eine äussere Form, insbesondere einen äusseren Querschnitt (Q) zumindest teilweise verändert.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the actuator ( 5 ) For example, electromechanical manner, an outer shape, in particular an outer cross-section (Q) at least partially changed. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Aktuator (5) hydraulisch, pneumatisch, piezoelektrisch, magnetosstriktiv oder über Formgedächtnislegierungen zumindest teilweise eine äussere Form, insbesondere einen äusseren Querschnitt (Q) steuerbar verändert.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the actuator ( 5 ) hydraulically, pneumatically, piezoelectrically, magnetostrictively or via shape memory alloys at least partially an outer shape, in particular an outer cross section (Q) controllably changed. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass über den zumindest einen Aktuator (5) zumindest ein mechanisches, konusartiges Spannelement (7) innerhalb des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4) bewegbar ist, welches eine Aussenwand des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4) ansteuerbar und regelbar verändert.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that via the at least one actuator ( 5 ) at least one mechanical, cone-like tensioning element ( 7 ) within the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) is movable, which an outer wall of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) controllably and controllably changed. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass über zumindest ein Sensorelement eine Vorspannkraft (F, F1, F2, F3) des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4) gegenüber dem Knochen (2) ermittelbar, steuerbar und in gewünschten Zeitabständen nachregelbar ist.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that via at least one sensor element, a biasing force (F, F 1 , F 2 , F 3 ) of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) relative to the bone ( 2 ) can be determined, controlled and readjusted at desired intervals. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zumindest eine Sensorelement die Vorspannkraft (F, F1, F2, F3) des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4), insbesondere eines äusseren Wandbereiches (8) auf die Knocheninnenwand im Aktuator (5), wie Spannelement (7) im Bereich der Wandung des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4), insbesondere des Schaftes (1) oder über entsprechende Drucksensoren, Dehnungsmessstreifen od. dgl. ermittelt.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the at least one sensor element, the biasing force (F, F 1 , F 2 , F 3 ) of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ), in particular a outer wall area ( 8th ) on the internal bone wall in the actuator ( 5 ), such as tensioning element ( 7 ) in the region of the wall of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ), in particular of the shaft ( 1 ) or via corresponding pressure sensors, strain gauges od. Like. Determined. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine äussere Form, insbesondere ein äusserer Querschnitt (Q) und/oder eine Länge des Implantates (R1, R2, R3, R4) reversibel, lösbar und nachstellbar veränderbar ist.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that an outer shape, in particular an outer cross-section (Q) and / or a length of the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) is reversible, detachable and adjustable is changeable. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Implantat (R1, R2, R3, R4) zumindest eine Schnittstelle (11) zur bidirektionalen Daten- und/oder Energieübertragung zugeordnet ist.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) at least one interface ( 11 ) is assigned for bidirectional data and / or energy transfer. Implantat nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass über die Schnittstelle (11) eine Vorspannkraft (F, F1, F2, F3) im implantierten Zustand jederzeit drahtlos oder drahtgebunden von aussen veränderbar, nachstellbar und regelbar ist.Implant according to claim 16, characterized in that via the interface ( 11 ) A biasing force (F, F 1 , F 2 , F 3 ) in the implanted state at any time wirelessly or wired externally changeable, adjustable and adjustable. Implantat nach Anspruch 16 oder 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Vorspannkraft (F, F1, F2, F3) in Abhängigkeit einer anstehenden unterschiedlichen Belastung unterschiedlich regelbar und wählbar einstellbar ist.Implant according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that a biasing force (F, F 1 , F 2 , F 3 ) in dependence on a pending different load different adjustable and selectable adjustable. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in unterschiedlichen axialen Bereichen des Schaftes (1) gleiche (F, F1, F2, F3) oder wählbare unterschiedliche Vorspannkräfte bzw. Verformungen des Schaftes (1) drahtlos von aussen ansteuerbar einstellbar sind.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that in different axial regions of the shaft ( 1 ) (F, F 1 , F 2 , F 3 ) or selectable different biasing forces or deformations of the shaft ( 1 ) can be controlled wirelessly from the outside. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Implantat (R1, R2, R3, R4) zumindest ein Temperatursensor zugeordnet ist, welcher eine Temperatur eines Gelenkes drahtlos zur Ermittlung des Zustandes und einer Gelenkbelastung übermittelt.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) is associated with at least one temperature sensor which transmits a temperature of a joint wirelessly for determining the condition and a joint load. Implantat nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Implantat (R1, R2, R3, R4) zumindest ein Sensor zur Ermittlung eines Verschleissgrades der Prothese, insbesondere von Gelenksbelägen zugeordnet ist.Implant according to at least one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the implant (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) is associated with at least one sensor for determining a degree of wear of the prosthesis, in particular of joint coverings.
DE102005025384A 2005-05-31 2005-05-31 Bone implant, for inserting in bones as artificial limbs, has actuator operated externally for altering implant's external shape Ceased DE102005025384A1 (en)

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DE102008036689A1 (en) * 2008-08-06 2010-02-11 Feld, Christoph M. distraction
FR2948557A1 (en) * 2009-08-03 2011-02-04 Ernest Aillaud Bone joint prosthesis for use in orthopedic hip surgery, has rod comprising elements supported against wall of bone, and filaments terminating with electrodes arranged at end of rod and permitting liquefaction of heat-sealable material
CN112834346A (en) * 2021-02-05 2021-05-25 济南恒瑞金试验机有限公司 Medical rehabilitation detection performance test system for skeletal tendon ligament injury of rats and mice

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008036689A1 (en) * 2008-08-06 2010-02-11 Feld, Christoph M. distraction
FR2948557A1 (en) * 2009-08-03 2011-02-04 Ernest Aillaud Bone joint prosthesis for use in orthopedic hip surgery, has rod comprising elements supported against wall of bone, and filaments terminating with electrodes arranged at end of rod and permitting liquefaction of heat-sealable material
CN112834346A (en) * 2021-02-05 2021-05-25 济南恒瑞金试验机有限公司 Medical rehabilitation detection performance test system for skeletal tendon ligament injury of rats and mice
CN112834346B (en) * 2021-02-05 2022-06-17 济南恒瑞金试验机有限公司 Medical rehabilitation detection performance test system for skeletal tendon ligament injury of rats and mice

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