DE102005001901A1 - Stand air conditioning module for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a stationary air conditioning module (10) for a motor vehicle (12), in particular for a commercial vehicle (12), comprising:
- A latent cold storage (14) which is adapted to be charged via a compression refrigeration cycle (16) and discharged via a heat carrier circuit (18), and
- a heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger (20), with the cold of the heat transfer medium of the heat transfer medium circuit (18) can be transferred to air to be cooled (22),
wherein the geometry of the stationary air conditioning module (10) has a maximum length L and the center of gravity S of the stationary air conditioning module (10) is at least approximately in the region of the center of the largest length L.
In addition, the invention relates to a motor vehicle (12), in particular a utility vehicle (12), with a stationary air conditioning module (10).

Description

The The invention relates to a stationary air conditioning module for a motor vehicle, especially for one Commercial vehicle, as well as a motor vehicle, with a stationary air conditioning module equipped is.

The Air conditioning or cooling of passenger compartments or driver's cabs of vehicles wins in the state due to the growing comfort demands of Inmates increasingly important, in which case the use of engine power of the vehicle is not allowed due to legal regulations respectively from an environmental point of view is not meaningful. Furthermore, will the operation of the drive motor of the vehicle to ensure the cooling function especially during the night (sleeping cabin) to a shortening of the life of the unit to lead.

in the Related to the stationary air conditioning of motor vehicle interiors so far pursued various approaches or realized.

The This invention relates generally to air conditioning systems suitable for stationary operation. which work on the basis of a thermal cold storage, in particular based on a latent cold storage. Across from Save with exclusive Use of sensitive cold have latent cold storage the advantage, besides the tangible Cold the "latent cold" at phase transformation to use solid-liquid and therefore show a higher one Energy density and minimal memory losses. The latent cold storage is during the ride loaded and unloaded in the state. Such air conditioning systems can optionally from an already existing in the vehicle refrigeration unit or from a separate refrigeration unit while the journey is exposed to cold or loaded. It is also possible the Latent cold storage at standstill of the drive motor by means of electrical energy to charge, provided that a corresponding power connection is available.

The previously proposed Latentkältespeicher usually have a cube or cuboid geometry and are intended to be on a Place of the motor vehicle to be accommodated where possible little disturbing, for example, under the driver's seat or the like. The cold is in such systems over a heat transfer circuit from the Latentkältespeicher dissipated and over a heat exchanger on the to be cooled Air transfer.

at such systems are relatively long Heat transfer medium lines between the latent cold storage and the heat exchanger required which lead to high losses can. Become instead of long heat transfer medium lines longer air ducts used, so lead these to pressure losses. Furthermore, for example, an arrangement leads the latent cold storage under the driver's seat to uneven weight distribution in the cabin, which may be can adversely affect the driving behavior.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a stationary air conditioning module for a Motor vehicle and a motor vehicle with a stationary air conditioning module in which the problems explained above are avoided become.

These The object is solved by the features of the independent claims.

advantageous Refinements and developments of the invention will become apparent the dependent Claims.

• – einem Latentkältespeicher, der dazu ausgelegt ist, über einen Kompressionskältekreislauf beladen und über einen Wärmeträgerkreislauf entladen zu werden, und
• – einem Wärmeträger/Luft-Wärmetauscher, mit dem Kälte von dem Wärmeträgermedium des Wärmeträgerkreislaufs auf zu kühlende Luft übertragen werden kann,

wobei die Geometrie des Standklimatisierungsmoduls eine größte Länge L aufweist und der Schwerpunkt S des Standklimatisierungsmoduls zumindest ungefähr im Bereich der Mitte der größten Länge L liegt.According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a stationary air conditioning module for a motor vehicle, in particular for a commercial vehicle, comprising:

• - A latent cold storage, which is designed to be loaded via a compression refrigeration cycle and discharged via a heat carrier circuit, and
• A heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger, with which cold can be transferred from the heat transfer medium of the heat transfer medium circulation to air to be cooled,

wherein the geometry of the stationary air conditioning module has a maximum length L and the center of gravity S of the stationary air conditioning module is at least approximately in the region of the middle of the largest length L.

The fact that at least the latent cold storage and the heat transfer / air heat exchanger are integrated in one module, the cold can be generated where it is needed. That is, it occur due to the short heat transfer medium lines low losses, in particular, brine can serve as a heat transfer medium in the case of a liquid heat transfer medium. The air ducts can be kept short, which is why the pressure losses are low. By integrating the components in a stationary air conditioning module, the required installation space can be minimized overall. Due to the fact that the center of gravity of the stationary air conditioning module too At least approximately in the region of the middle of the greatest length, the stationary air conditioning module can advantageously be arranged transversely to the direction of travel of the vehicle so that there is a uniform weight distribution in the cabin. For example, the stationary air conditioning module can be arranged in a particularly advantageous manner on the rear wall of a driver cabin, as will be explained later. In this context, it is useful that the stationary air conditioning module is flat, that is, the length to depth ratio is very large.

at certain embodiments the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention can be provided that the heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger related to the largest length L approximately in the Middle of latent cold storage is arranged. In particular, when the latent cold storage a uniform elongated Has shape leads Such an arrangement of the heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger to a symmetrical weight distribution. Furthermore, it allows this arrangement in many cases that also the air ducts can be arranged symmetrically.

alternative it is also possible that the heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger between a first latent cold storage section and a second latent cold storage section is arranged. The two Latentkältespeicherabschnitte can thereby two separate latent cold storage be formed by appropriate lines in a suitable form are connected. Such an arrangement of the components leads to a symmetrical weight distribution and short cable lengths.

Provided also the other components of the stationary air conditioning module in terms the masses evenly distributed are explained in the above Connection preferred that the first Latentkältespeicherabschnitt and the second latent cold storage section at least about have the same mass. If the other components of the stationary air conditioning module in terms of their masses are not evenly distributed, the symmetry possibly be restored by the fact that the first Latent cold storage section and the second latent cold storage section is different Have masses. However, it is clear to the person skilled in the art that the production of different latent cold storage sections with higher costs connected is.

Farther is for the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention prefers that it air conduction agent to lead from cooled Air includes. For example, the heat carrier / air heat exchanger above the Latentkältespeichers and below the air guidance means be arranged so that a particularly compact design of Stand climate control module results.

The Inventive air conditioning module according to the invention can be further developed in an advantageous manner that it an expansion valve device comprises. This solution is advantageous to the expansion process, and thus the refrigeration, close the latent cold storage initiate.

Of Further may be provided in connection with the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention Be it a heat transfer medium pump includes. An integration of the anyway required heat transfer medium pump in the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention increases that Compactness and leads to very short heat transfer medium lines and thus to low losses.

at the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention can over it Be provided that it includes a heat carrier expansion tank. Also this solution contributes to Compactness and completeness of the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention at. Generally, it is considered advantageous, if possible many of the required components in the stationary air conditioning module to integrate, as this preassembled practically finished so that the installation in the vehicle can be done easily and quickly can.

Especially preferred embodiments of Invention are characterized in that the Latentkältespeicher an at least partially filled with a cold storage medium matrix having. The matrix can advantageously a plate or form a package, for example, dimensions of (900 mm or 108 mm or 1600 mm) × 500 mm × 80 mm. Including the required isolation when using a corresponding number of disks the following overall dimensions of the memory result: (1300 mm or 1480 mm or 1640 mm) × 540 mm × 128 mm.

It can be provided that the matrix is a graphite matrix or a metal foam matrix. Graphite is a stable material that can accumulate a lot of water on its inner surface. The maximum load is 5.7 kg water / kg graphite. The base material graphite significantly improves the heat conduction in the storage tank and thus ensures effective loading dynamics as well as a controlled cooling capacity when unloading the storage tank. On the other hand, graphite absorbs the volume expansion of the water. A deformation of the storage container does not occur because of existing cavities. Also can metal foams be used; These can be filled in a simpler manner compared to the filling of a graphite matrix with water.

As already indicated, it is preferred that the cold storage medium at least partially formed by water. It comes in particular solutions into consideration, in which the cold storage medium is formed by pure water. For example, the mass of graphite is opposite the mass of water is relatively small, so the energy density in first of all by the latent cold of the Water is determined.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention is characterized in that it is intended to be attached to the back wall of a Driver's cab of the motor vehicle to be arranged. This installation position has a number of advantages and is particularly possible when the entire module is laid flat. For example, the couch is usually in the area of the back wall the driver's cab arranged so that the sleeping place on the stationary air conditioning module in a simple way the cool Supplied with air can be. When the center of gravity of the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention based on the largest length in the Center is located, and the largest length about the width of the vehicle or corresponds to the cabin width, leads such an arrangement the stationary air conditioning module for optimal weight distribution.

there For example, it is considered particularly advantageous that extending in the direction of travel of the motor vehicle depth T of the stationary air conditioning module less than 20 cm and preferably less than 15 cm.

According to one second basic idea, the present invention provides a motor vehicle in particular a utility vehicle that has a stationary air conditioning module, in particular a stationary air conditioning module according to one of the preceding Claims, with a latent cold storage, which is designed over loaded a compression refrigeration cycle and over a heat transfer circuit to be discharged, and with a heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger, with the cold of the heat transfer medium the heat transfer circuit to be cooled Air transfer can be, with the center of gravity S of the stationary air conditioning module at least about lies in the middle of the vehicle width B. This results in connection with the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention explained Properties and benefits in the same or similar ways, which is why to avoid of repetitions is referred to the corresponding remarks.

The same applies mutatis mutandis to the following preferred embodiments the motor vehicle according to the invention, to avoid repetition in this respect to the corresponding versions in connection with the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention is referenced.

at particularly preferred embodiments of the motor vehicle according to the invention is provided that the stationary air conditioning module transverse to the direction of travel of the motor vehicle on the rear wall a driver's cab of the motor vehicle is arranged.

there It is considered particularly advantageous that in the direction of travel the motor vehicle extending depth T of the stationary air conditioning module less than 15 cm and preferably less than 10 cm.

Even though one with respect to the mass distribution as symmetrical as possible and in terms the type as possible flat design of the stationary air conditioning module is preferred it is clear to the person skilled in the art that the focus is not exactly in the respective one Center must lie, but that is the advantages of the invention even then, if in this regard minor Deviations are present, for example, of 10 percent.

The The invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings using preferred embodiments exemplified.

It demonstrate:

1 a schematic diagram illustrating the principles of the present invention;

2a to 2c various views of a first embodiment of the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention in a schematic representation;

3a to 3c various views of a second embodiment of the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention in a schematic representation;

4a to 4c various views of a third embodiment of the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention in a schematic representation;

5 a schematic representation of a fourth embodiment of the invention Stationary climate control module;

6 a perspective view of a practical embodiment of the stationary air conditioning module of 5 ;

7a a schematic representation of an embodiment of the motor vehicle according to the invention; and

7b the rear wall of the driver's cab of the vehicle 7a ,

In the figures are the same or similar components consistently with the same or similar Reference numerals provided, wherein the same or similar components for avoidance partially explained by repetitions only once.

1 shows a schematic diagram illustrating the basic idea of the present invention. All of the in 1 illustrated components of the total with 10 designated stationary air conditioning module are in practical realizations as compact as possible combined into a module, for example in a similar manner, as described later with reference to 6 will be explained in more detail. The stationary air conditioning module 10 has a latent cold storage 14 on, which is designed to have a only schematically indicated compression refrigeration cycle 16 to be charged with cold. The compression refrigeration cycle can be a compression refrigeration cycle already present in the motor vehicle with a compressor driven by the drive motor. In principle, however, it is also possible that the compression refrigeration cycle 16 a separate circuit that has, for example, an electrically operated compressor. The use of hybrid compressors is basically possible. The compression refrigeration cycle 16 has an immediately adjacent to Latentkältespeicher 14 arranged expansion valve 28 on, so that caused by the expansion of the compressed refrigerant cooling effectively for loading the La tentkältespeichers 14 can be used (possible cable routing within the Latentkältespeichers 14 will be described below in particular with reference to 2 to 4 explained in more detail). Furthermore, a heat transfer circuit 18 provided over which the Latentkältespeicher 14 can be unloaded. The heat transfer circuit 18 includes a heat transfer medium pump 30 and a heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger 20 , By the operation of a blower 42 Air is passed through the heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger 20 sucked, the air passing through the heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger 20 is cooled and finally as cooled air 26 is available. As indicated by the corresponding arrows, the cooled air 26 through in 1 Air duct means not shown distributed in the form of air ducts on different air outlets. Like this 1 can be seen, is the structure of the stationary air conditioning module 10 largely symmetrical. The geometry of the stationary air conditioning module 10 , which is intended to be installed transversely to the direction of travel of the vehicle, in this case has a maximum length L. Due to the symmetrical structure results that the center of gravity S of the stationary air conditioning module 10 at least approximately in the region of the middle of the largest length L lies. If the largest length L corresponds approximately to the width of a vehicle cabin, this structure of the stationary air conditioning module leads 10 to an optimal symmetrical weight distribution.

The 2a to 2c show different views of a first embodiment of the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention 10 in a schematic representation. It shows 2a a front view, 2 B shows a side view and 2c shows a view from below. The basic structure of in 2 illustrated embodiment corresponds to 1 , which is why reference is made to the corresponding statements. In the 2 B and 2c is however the actual structure of the Latentkältespeichers 14 shown in more detail. The latent cold storage 14 consists essentially of four graphite plates 44 that comes from a refrigerant heat exchanger 46 forming flat lines and a heat transfer medium heat exchanger 48 are traversed by forming lines. The refrigerant heat exchanger 46 forming lines and the heat transfer medium heat exchanger 48 forming lines are arranged alternately and adjacent to each other, as this 2c can be seen. The corresponding lines are substantially U-shaped, wherein the legs of the U in the embodiment according to 2 B relative to the intended installation position are substantially perpendicular.

The 3a to 3c show different views of a second embodiment of the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention 10 in a schematic representation. The embodiment according to 3 differs from the embodiment according to 2 in that the connections for the compression refrigeration cycle 16 and the heat transfer circuit 18 both on the same side of the latent cold storage 14 led out, wherein the heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger 20 nevertheless arranged symmetrically. The lateral lead-out of the corresponding connections is particularly advantageous when the legs of the U-shaped lines connecting the refrigerant heat exchanger 46 or the heat transfer medium heat exchanger 48 form, based on the intended installation position, horizontally, as the side view of 3b or the view from below according to 3c can be seen.

The 4a to 4c show different views of a third embodiment of the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention 10 in a schematic representation. The structure of the stationary air conditioning module corresponds 10 from 4 essentially the embodiment of 3 , as in particular the side view of 4b and the view from below according to 4c can be seen. However, the connections for the refrigeration circuit 16 and the heat transfer circuit 18 in this case on different sides of the Latentkältespeichers 14 led out, which can contribute to a particularly uniform mass distribution.

5 shows a schematic representation of a fourth embodiment of the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention 10 , At the in 5 embodiment shown is the latent cold storage 14 by a first latent cold storage section 14a and a second latent cold storage section 14b educated. The first latent cold storage section 14a and the second latent cold storage section 14b are with regard to the compression refrigeration cycle 16 parallel and with regard to the heat transfer circuit 18 connected in series. The preferably symmetrical division of the latent cold storage 14 in two La tentkältespeicherabschnitte 14a . 14b allows the heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger 20 between the first latent cold storage section 14a and the second latent cold storage section 14b can be arranged so that in addition to the required depth and the required height can be further minimized. The symmetry is favored by the fact that the heat transfer medium pump 30 on the other side of the stationary air conditioning module 10 is arranged as a heat carrier expansion tank 32 , As the dew point of the circulating air to be cooled 22 is higher than the temperature of the cooling fins of the heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger 20, will condense in operation at these cooling fins water. For this reason, there is a condensation tray 50 provided, from which the condensate can preferably be guided via a flow channel, not shown, to the outside.

6 shows a perspective view of a practical embodiment of the stationary air conditioning module 10 from 5 , In the extremely compact built-air conditioning module 10 All components are on a support frame 54 fastened with suitable fasteners 56 is equipped, over which the stationary air conditioning module 10 can be attached to the rear wall of a driver's cab. The carrier frame 54 in particular, holds a first latent cold storage section 14a and a second latent cold storage section 14b , The second latent cold storage section 14b is shown without cover, so that in this case serpentine-like structure of the refrigerant heat exchanger 46 and the heat transfer medium heat exchanger 48 can be seen. Between the first latent cold storage section 14a and the second latent cold storage section 14b is a heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger 20 arranged. An in 6 Not shown cover seals the area above the heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger 20 in the fully assembled state so off that a blower 42 air to be cooled through the heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger 20 can suck, under which a condensation tray 50 is arranged. The from the heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger 20 exiting cooled air is via air ducting 24 forwarded in the form of a flat air duct with corresponding outlets, so that the cool air can be distributed over the entire width of the motor vehicle. On the right side of the stationary air conditioning module 10 is a heat transfer pump 30 arranged while a heat transfer medium expansion tank 32 is provided on the left side. The symmetrical mass distribution of the stationary air conditioning module 10 shows that its center of gravity S is approximately in the region of the middle of the greatest length L, which leads to an optimal weight distribution with symmetrical installation on the rear wall of the driver's cab. It is clear that in 6 illustrated stationary air conditioning module 10 for visual reasons, preferably with a lining, not shown, or that the panel of the driver's cab takes over this task.

7a shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the motor vehicle according to the invention 12 , Here is an embodiment of the stationary air conditioning module according to the invention 10 on the back wall 36 a driver's cab 38 arranged, above a couch 40 , The inven tion proper concept allows that extending in the direction of travel depth T of the stationary air conditioning module is very small and, for example, less than 15 cm.

7b shows the back wall 36 the driver's cab 38 of the vehicle 12 from 7a , Like this, the representation of 7b can be seen, is the focus S of the stationary air conditioning module 10 both in the middle of the largest length L of the stationary air conditioning system 10 as well as in the middle (B / 2) the width of the back wall 36 , whereby an optimal weight distribution is achieved. In addition to the air outlets 24 is in the paneled front of the stationary air conditioning module 10 a control panel 52 provided with the driver at least some of the functions of the stationary air conditioning module 10 can control.

The in the above description, in the drawings and in the claims disclosed features of the invention can both individually and also in any combination for the realization of the invention be essential.

10

Stationary climate control module

12

Automotive / utility vehicle

14

Latent cold storage

14a

Latent cold storage section

14b

Latent cold storage section

16

Compression refrigeration cycle

18

Heat transfer circuit

20

Heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger

22

air

24

Air guide means

26

air

28

Expansion valve device

30

Heat transfer medium pump

32

Heat transfer Reservoirs

36

rear wall

38

cab

40

lounger

42

fan

44

Matrix / graphite plate

46

Refrigerant heat exchanger

48

Heat transfer fluid heat exchanger

50

drip tray

52

Control panel

54

support frame

56

fastener

Claims (16)

Stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) for a motor vehicle ( 12 ), in particular for a commercial vehicle ( 12 ), comprising: - a latent cold storage ( 14 ) designed to be cooled by a compression refrigeration cycle ( 16 ) and via a heat carrier circuit ( 18 ), and - a heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger ( 20 ), with the cold of the heat transfer medium of the heat transfer circuit ( 18 ) to cool air ( 22 ), wherein the geometry of the stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) has a maximum length L and the center of gravity S of the stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) is at least approximately in the region of the middle of the largest length L. Stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger ( 20 ) relative to the largest length L approximately in the middle of the latent cold storage ( 14 ) is arranged. Stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger ( 20 ) between a first latent cold storage section ( 14a ) and a second latent cold storage section ( 14b ) is arranged. Stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) according to claim 3, characterized in that the first latent cold storage section ( 14a ) and the second latent cold storage section ( 14b ) have at least about the same mass. Stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains air-guiding means ( 24 ) for carrying cooled air ( 26 ). Stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has an expansion valve device ( 28 ). Stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a heat transfer medium pump ( 30 ). Stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a heat carrier expansion tank ( 32 ). Stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the La tentkältespeicher ( 14 ) an at least partially filled with a cold storage medium matrix ( 44 ) having. Stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) according to claim 9, characterized in that the matrix ( 44 ) is a graphite matrix or a metal foam matrix. Stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the cold storage medium is at least partially formed by water. Stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is provided on the rear wall ( 36 ) a driver's cab ( 38 ) of the motor vehicle ( 12 ) to be arranged. Stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) according to claim 12, characterized in that extending in the direction of travel of the motor vehicle depth T of the stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) is less than 20 cm and preferably less than 15 cm. Motor vehicle ( 12 ), in particular commercial vehicle ( 12 ), which is a stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ), in particular a stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, with a latent cold storage ( 14 ) designed to be cooled by a compression refrigeration cycle ( 16 ) and via a heat carrier circuit ( 18 ) and with a heat transfer medium / air heat exchanger ( 20 ), with the cold of the heat transfer medium of the heat transfer circuit ( 18 ) to be cooled air ( 22 ), wherein the center of gravity S of the stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) is at least approximately in the middle of the vehicle width B. Motor vehicle ( 12 ) according to claim 14, characterized in that the stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) transversely to the direction of travel of the motor vehicle ( 12 ) on the back wall ( 36 ) a driver's cab ( 38 ) of the motor vehicle ( 12 ) is arranged. Motor vehicle ( 12 ) according to claim 14, characterized in that the in the direction of travel of the motor vehicle ( 12 ) extending depth T of the stationary air conditioning module ( 10 ) is less than 15 cm and preferably less than 10 cm.