DE10200466A1 - On-board electrical system for motor vehicle with several operating voltages has generator that charges one or more sub-batteries in series depending on revolution rate range - Google Patents
On-board electrical system for motor vehicle with several operating voltages has generator that charges one or more sub-batteries in series depending on revolution rate rangeInfo
- Publication number
- DE10200466A1 DE10200466A1 DE10200466A DE10200466A DE10200466A1 DE 10200466 A1 DE10200466 A1 DE 10200466A1 DE 10200466 A DE10200466 A DE 10200466A DE 10200466 A DE10200466 A DE 10200466A DE 10200466 A1 DE10200466 A1 DE 10200466A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- electrical system
- generator
- batteries
- operating voltages
- sub
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/1423—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with multiple batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
- H02J1/082—Plural DC voltage, e.g. DC supply voltage with at least two different DC voltage levels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
Description
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Schaltungsanordnung für die Versorgung eines Kraftfahrzeugbordnetzes mit zwei oder mehreren Betriebsspannungen. The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for the supply a vehicle electrical system with two or more operating voltages.
Die Bordnetzleistung in Kraftfahrzeugen steigt ständig an. Für die zur Zeit üblichen Bordnetzspannungen von 14 V (12 V-Bleiakkumulator) bedeutet dies, dass einerseits die Ströme im Bordnetz steigen, andererseits führt der Spannungsabfall in Halbleiterschaltern zu erheblichen Verlusten und zu einer Senkung des Wirkungsgrades. Aus diesem Grund wird ein Bordnetz mit wesentlich höherer Betriebsspannung vorgeschlagen, wobei die Grenze für Kleinspannungen eine beliebige Bordnetzspannung nicht zuläßt. Daher wird in nationalen und internationalen Gremien die Einführung eines 42 V-Bordnetzes vorgeschlagen. In der Ausführung ist noch nicht festgelegt, ob die Versorgung von Verbrauchern im 14 V-Bordnetz und die im 42 V-Bordnetz von je einer getrennten Batterie erfolgen soll. The electrical system power in motor vehicles is constantly increasing. For those at the moment usual electrical system voltages of 14 V (12 V lead accumulator), this means that on the one hand the currents in the vehicle electrical system increase, on the other hand the Voltage drop in semiconductor switches leads to considerable losses and to one Reduction in efficiency. For this reason, an on-board electrical system is essential higher operating voltage proposed, the limit for Low voltages do not allow any vehicle electrical system voltage. Therefore, in national and international bodies the introduction of a 42 V electrical system proposed. The execution has not yet determined whether the supply of Consumers in the 14 V electrical system and those in the 42 V electrical system each have a separate one Battery should take place.
Die Generatoren von Kraftfahrzeugen (Lichtmaschine) sind allgemein so ausgelegt, daß bei relativ niedrigen Motordrehzahlen die Betriebsspannung von 13,8 V ± 0,4 V erreicht wird. Bei höheren Generatordrehzahlen wird diese Spannung infolge einer Feldschwächung gehalten. Eine mögliche Leistungssteigerung bei höheren Drehzahlen ist aufgrund dieser Feldregelung nicht möglich. Der Generator wird deshalb bei höheren Verbrennungsmotordrehzahlen nicht voll ausgenutzt. Bei den nachfolgenden Betrachtungen wird in erster Näherung zunächst eine Generatorspannung proportional der Drehzahl angenommen. Infolge höherer Frequenzen steigt der induktive Widerstand in den Motorwicklungen und die Kommutierungsvorgänge werden länger. Hinzu kommen Wirbelstromverluste, die die Maschine belasten. Aus diesem Grund wird sich die Leistungsausbeute der Maschine nicht proportional zur Drehzahl ergeben. Insgesamt ist jedoch eine wesentliche Leistungssteigerung der Maschine zu erreichen, wenn die Erregung derart eingestellt wird, daß bei doppelter Drehzahl die doppelte Spannung und bei dreifacher Drehzahl die dreifache Spannung vom Generator abgegeben wird. The generators of motor vehicles (alternators) are generally like this designed that at relatively low engine speeds, the operating voltage of 13.8 V ± 0.4 V is reached. At higher generator speeds this will be Tension held due to field weakening. A possible This field control does not allow an increase in output at higher speeds. The generator is therefore not at higher engine speeds fully exploited. The following considerations will be a first approximation first assume a generator voltage proportional to the speed. As a result of higher frequencies, the inductive resistance in the Motor windings and the commutation processes are getting longer. Add to that Eddy current losses that strain the machine. For this reason, the Power output of the machine is not proportional to the speed. Overall, however, there is a significant increase in machine performance reach if the excitation is set such that when double Speed twice the voltage and at three times the speed three times Voltage is delivered by the generator.
Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine neue Bordnetzkonfiguration zu schaffen, bei der die Leistungsmöglichkeit des herkömmlichen Generators erheblich gesteigert wird. Anhand von Zeichnungen soll ausgehend vom Stand der Technik die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen: The aim of the present invention is to develop a new electrical system configuration create the power of the conventional generator is significantly increased. Based on drawings, starting from the stand the technology, the invention and further advantageous refinements and Further training will be explained in more detail. Show it:
Fig. 1 Spannungsdrehzahlkennlinie eines Kraftfahrzeuggenerators mit einem Nennpunkt bei 1400 U/min und eine Regelung auf konstante Spannung für hohe Drehzahlen. Fig. 1 voltage speed characteristic of a motor vehicle generator with a nominal point at 1400 U / min and a control of constant voltage for high speeds.
Fig. 2 Spannungsdrehzahlkennlinie eines Kraftfahrzeuggenerators, bei dem bei doppelter Nenndrehzahl die Regelung so umgeschaltet wird, daß sich die doppelte Klemmenspannung einstellt und bei dreifacher Nenndrehzahl durch Umschaltung die dreifache Klemmspannung erreicht wird. Fig. 2 voltage speed characteristic of a motor vehicle generator, in which the control is switched at twice the nominal speed so that the double terminal voltage is set and at three times the nominal speed by switching three times the clamping voltage is reached.
Fig. 3 Kraftfahrzeugbordnetz mit drei Batteriemodulen, die jeweils abhängig von der Drehzahl über einen Schalter bereichsweise geladen werden können und die bei ungleicher Ladung über eine Ladeausgleichsschaltung auf einen gleichen Ladezustand gebracht werden. Fig. 3 motor vehicle electrical system with three battery modules, each of which can be charged depending on the speed via a switch and which are brought to the same state of charge via a charge compensation circuit in the case of unequal charging.
In den Figuren werden gleiche Teilelemente mit gleichen Ziffern gekennzeichnet. Die Fig. 1 kennzeichnet den Stand der Technik. Es zeigt die Leerlaufspannung eines Kraftfahrzeuggenerators in Abhängigkeit der Generatordrehzahl. Da der Generator mit Hilfe eines Riemens und unterschiedlichen Riemenscheiben angetrieben wird, ist die Generatordrehzahl nicht identisch mit der Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors. Der Nennpunkt eines zum Beispiel verwendeten Generators liege bei 1400 U/min. Die Linie 1 kennzeichnet den Bereich, in dem die Spannung proportional der Drehzahl ist. Die Linie 2 gilt für Drehzahlen größer 1400 U/min. für die die Spannung auf einen konstanten Wert geregelt wird. Dieser Bereich stellt für den Generator eine Feldschwächung dar. Die Linie 3 stellt sich ein, wenn der Generator ohne Feldschwächung mit Nennerregung betrieben wird. Damit kann er seine höchstmögliche Leistung zur Verfügung stellen. In the figures, the same sub-elements are identified with the same numbers. The Fig. 1 denotes the state of the art. It shows the open circuit voltage of a motor vehicle generator as a function of the generator speed. Since the generator is driven by means of a belt and different pulleys, the generator speed is not identical to the speed of the drive motor. The nominal point of a generator used, for example, is 1400 rpm. Line 1 indicates the area in which the voltage is proportional to the speed. Line 2 applies to speeds greater than 1400 rpm. for which the voltage is regulated to a constant value. This area represents a field weakening for the generator. Line 3 is set when the generator is operated without field weakening with nominal excitation. This enables him to provide his highest possible performance.
Fig. 2 zeigt die Kennlinie eines Generators entsprechend der Fig. 1, bei dem die Spannung abhängig von der Drehzahl in drei Stufen geregelt wird, und zwar die Linie 4 für den Drehzahlbereich von 1400 bis 2800 U/min die Linie 5 für den Drehzahlbereich von 2800 bis 4200 U/min und die Linie 6 für den Drehzahlbereich über 4200 U/min. Fig. 2 shows the characteristic of a generator corresponding to FIG. 1, in which the voltage is regulated in three stages depending on the speed, namely line 4 for the speed range from 1400 to 2800 rpm and line 5 for the speed range from 2800 to 4200 rpm and line 6 for the speed range above 4200 rpm.
Fig. 3 zeigt die Schaltung einer Bordnetzversorgung gemäß der Erfindung mit
beispielsweise drei Spannungsbereichen. Der Generator 7 speist bei
geschlossenem Schalter 8 die Batterie 11 im unteren Drehzahlbereich. Wenn der
vollerregte Generator in der Lage ist, die doppelte Spannung abzugeben, dann
können durch Öffnen des Schalter 8 und schließen des Schalters 9 die in
Reihe geschalteten Batterien 11 und 12 geladen werden. Für eine dreifache
Spannung kann anstelle eines Kontakts eine Diode 10 die in Reihe
geschalteten Batterien 11, 12, und 13 mit dem Generator verbinden. Die Diode 10 bietet
außerdem den Vorteil, daß transiente Überspannungen bei Öffnen der Schalter
8 oder 9 zu den in Reihe geschalteten Batterien 11, 12 und 13 geleitet werden.
An den Batterien können jeweils Verbraucher 14, 15, oder 16 gegenüber einer
gemeinsamen Fahrzeugmasse betrieben werden. Damit können erprobte
Kraftfahrzeugkomponenten zum Einsatz kommen. Eine Einrichtung zum
Ladeausgleich 17 sorgt für einen gleichmäßigen Ladezustand aller Teilbatterien.
Eine solche Ladeausgleichschaltung wird zum Beispiel von Schmidt in [1]
angegeben.
[1] Heribert Schmitt: Überwachungseinrichtung für Akkumulatoren
Patentschrift DE 39 40 928 C1 vom 12. 12. 89
Fig. 3 shows the circuit according to the invention an electrical power supply with, for example, three voltage ranges. The generator 7 feeds the battery 11 in the lower speed range when the switch 8 is closed. If the fully excited generator is able to deliver the double voltage, then by opening the switch 8 and closing the switch 9, the series-connected batteries 11 and 12 can be charged. For a triple voltage, a diode 10 can connect the series-connected batteries 11 , 12 , and 13 to the generator instead of a contact. The diode 10 also has the advantage that transient overvoltages when the switches 8 or 9 are opened are conducted to the series-connected batteries 11 , 12 and 13 . Consumers 14 , 15 or 16 can be operated on the batteries in relation to a common vehicle mass. Proven motor vehicle components can thus be used. A device for charge compensation 17 ensures a uniform charge status of all sub-batteries. Such a charge compensation circuit is given, for example, by Schmidt in [1]. [1] Heribert Schmitt: Monitoring device for accumulators
Patent specification DE 39 40 928 C1 from December 12, 89
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10200466A DE10200466A1 (en) | 2002-01-09 | 2002-01-09 | On-board electrical system for motor vehicle with several operating voltages has generator that charges one or more sub-batteries in series depending on revolution rate range |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10200466A DE10200466A1 (en) | 2002-01-09 | 2002-01-09 | On-board electrical system for motor vehicle with several operating voltages has generator that charges one or more sub-batteries in series depending on revolution rate range |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE10200466A1 true DE10200466A1 (en) | 2003-07-10 |
Family
ID=7711693
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE10200466A Withdrawn DE10200466A1 (en) | 2002-01-09 | 2002-01-09 | On-board electrical system for motor vehicle with several operating voltages has generator that charges one or more sub-batteries in series depending on revolution rate range |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE10200466A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006057595A1 (en) * | 2004-11-25 | 2006-06-01 | Aros Electronics Ab | Circuit for distribution of energy |
WO2007059848A1 (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-05-31 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Multi-voltage vehicle electrical supply system for a motor vehicle and method for operating the same |
DE102012209453A1 (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2013-12-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Motor vehicle electrical system with an electric machine and at least two energy storage devices with different charging voltages and method for operating the same |
DE102016002668A1 (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2017-09-07 | Audi Ag | Accumulator for the reversible electrochemical storage of electrical charge by means of a plurality of galvanic cells |
DE102016213603A1 (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2018-01-25 | Audi Ag | Energy storage for a motor vehicle |
-
2002
- 2002-01-09 DE DE10200466A patent/DE10200466A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006057595A1 (en) * | 2004-11-25 | 2006-06-01 | Aros Electronics Ab | Circuit for distribution of energy |
WO2007059848A1 (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-05-31 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Multi-voltage vehicle electrical supply system for a motor vehicle and method for operating the same |
US8076794B2 (en) | 2005-11-25 | 2011-12-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Multi-voltage vehicle electrical supply system for a motor vehicle and method for operating the same |
DE102012209453A1 (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2013-12-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Motor vehicle electrical system with an electric machine and at least two energy storage devices with different charging voltages and method for operating the same |
DE102016002668A1 (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2017-09-07 | Audi Ag | Accumulator for the reversible electrochemical storage of electrical charge by means of a plurality of galvanic cells |
DE102016213603A1 (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2018-01-25 | Audi Ag | Energy storage for a motor vehicle |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |