DE102004056546A1 - Laminated material for production of composite sheet, comprises layers of plastic foam welded together to form inner layers of higher strength running at right angles to the plane of the sheet - Google Patents

Laminated material for production of composite sheet, comprises layers of plastic foam welded together to form inner layers of higher strength running at right angles to the plane of the sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102004056546A1
DE102004056546A1 DE102004056546A DE102004056546A DE102004056546A1 DE 102004056546 A1 DE102004056546 A1 DE 102004056546A1 DE 102004056546 A DE102004056546 A DE 102004056546A DE 102004056546 A DE102004056546 A DE 102004056546A DE 102004056546 A1 DE102004056546 A1 DE 102004056546A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
layers
layer material
plastic foam
plane
sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE102004056546A
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German (de)
Inventor
Jean-Paul Strasser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Armacell Enterprise GmbH and Co KG
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Armacell Enterprise GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Armacell Enterprise GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Armacell Enterprise GmbH and Co KG
Priority to DE102004056546A priority Critical patent/DE102004056546A1/en
Publication of DE102004056546A1 publication Critical patent/DE102004056546A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
    • B29C44/06—Making multilayered articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/56—After-treatment of articles, e.g. for altering the shape
    • B29C44/5627—After-treatment of articles, e.g. for altering the shape by mechanical deformation, e.g. crushing, embossing, stretching
    • B29C44/5654—Subdividing foamed articles to obtain particular surface properties, e.g. on multiple modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1432—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface direct heating of the surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1464—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • B29C65/1467—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators at the same time, i.e. simultaneous welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/32—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed at least two layers being foamed and next to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/843—Machines for making separate joints at the same time in different planes; Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/05—5 or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/22—All layers being foamed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0221—Vinyl resin
    • B32B2266/0235—Vinyl halide, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0264—Polyester
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
    • B32B2305/022—Foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/542—Shear strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2603/00—Vanes, blades, propellers, rotors with blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/04—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the partial melting of at least one layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Laminated material (10) for composite sheets, in which (10) consists of plastic foam with inner layers of higher strength running across the plane of (10) and in which (10) is bonded in the slab with another material or the same material superimposed. An independent claim is also included for a method for the production of (10) by heating the welding surfaces of the foam layers (2) and then pressing them together.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen zusammen gesetzten Kunststoffschaum.The The invention relates to a composite plastic foam.

Verbundmaterial ist seit langem bekannt.composite material has been known for a long time.

Das gilt auch für Kunststoffschaum.The applies to Plastic foam.

Dabei werden üblicherweise verschiedene Kunststoffschaumschichten aufeinander laminiert, um zu einer neuen, zusammengesetzten Kunststoffschaumschicht zu kommen. Dabei kommt es zu einer Verdickung des Materials. Zum Teil ist nur die Verdickung ansgestrebt, zum Teil sind auch andere Eigenschaften angestrebt. Das bekannteste Verbundmaterial ist das Sandwichmaterial. Dabei ist zwischen starken Außenschichten ein weicher Kern vorgesehen. Die starken Außenschichten geben dem Verbundmaterial eine Außenfestigkeit.there become common various plastic foam layers laminated on each other to to come to a new, composite plastic foam layer. This leads to a thickening of the material. Partly only the thickening sought, in part, are also other properties sought. The best known composite material is the sandwich material. It is between strong outer layers a soft core provided. The strong outer layers give the composite material an external strength.

Das Laminieren kann durch Kleben oder Verschweißen und zum Teil auch durch Sintern erfolgen.The Lamination can be done by gluing or welding and partly also by Sintering done.

Beim Kleben findet ein Kleber Anwendung, der auf die zu verbindenden Flächen aufgetragen wird.At the Gluing finds an adhesive application that connects to the surfaces is applied.

Beim Schweißen werden die zu verbindenden Flächen angeschmolzen und anschließend mit dem Schweißdruck gegeneinander gedrückt.At the welding become the surfaces to be joined melted and then with the welding pressure pressed against each other.

Das Sintern kann als Abwandlung des Schweißens angesehen werden, indem die zu verbindenden Flächen weniger stark als beim Schweißen erwärmt werden und indem die geringere Erwärmung durch einen höheren Anpreßdruck ausgeglichen wird.The Sintering can be considered as a modification of welding by: the surfaces to be joined less strong than welding heated and compensated by the lower heating by a higher contact pressure becomes.

Zum Teil entsteht ein Verbundmaterial auch dadurch, daß eine Materialschicht an eine andere angeformt wird. Dieser Vorgang kann sich einmal oder mehrmals wiederholen.To the Part of a composite material is formed by the fact that a layer of material is molded onto another. This process can be one or more times to repeat.

Auch die Erfindung hat sich die Aufgabe gestellt, ein Verbundmaterial zu entwickeln Dabei hat die Erfindung erkannt, daß manches Verbundmaterial eine sehr geringe Scherfestigkeit in der Ebene der Schichten hat.Also The object of the invention has been found, a composite material The invention has recognized that some Composite material a very low shear strength in the plane of the layers Has.

Die Scherfestigkeit kann je nach Anwendung des Verbundmaterials zu gering sein. Die Scherfestigkeit in der Ebene der Schichten ist immer nur so hoch wie in der schwächsten Schicht.The Shear strength may be too low depending on the application of the composite material be. The shear strength in the plane of the layers is always only as high as in the weakest Layer.

Deshalb hat sich die Erfindung im weiteren die Aufgabe gestellt, die Scherfestigkeit zu erhöhen.Therefore the invention has further set itself the task, the shear strength to increase.

Nach der Erfindung wird das dadurch erreicht, daß besonderes Schichtmaterial für das Verbundmaterial verwendet wird, das ihrerseits innen liegende Schichten von höherer Festigkeit als die übrigen Schaumbestandteile des Schichtmaterials besitzt, wobei die innen liegenden Schichten quer, vorzugsweise senkrecht, zur Ebene des Schichtmaterials verlaufen.To the invention is achieved in that special layer material for the Composite material is used, which in turn is internal layers from higher Strength than the rest Foam components of the coating material has, with the inside lying layers transversely, preferably perpendicular to the plane of Layer material run.

Die innen liegenden Schichten höherer Festigkeit entstehen bereits durch Schichten mit einem geringeren Schäumungsgrad. Die Festigkeit wird umso größer, je geringer der Schäumungsgrad ist. Wahlweise wird auch ein Kunststoff anderer Beschaffenheit als innen liegende Schicht höherer Festigkeit eingesetzt.The inner layers higher Strength already arise by layers with a lower Foaming. The strength is the greater, depending less the degree of foaming is. Optionally, a plastic of other nature than inner layer higher Strength used.

Der geringere Schäumungsgrad kann dadurch entstehen, daß innen liegende Schichten unterschiedlicher Beschaffenheit miteinander verbunden werden.Of the lower degree of foaming can be caused by the fact that inside lying layers of different nature with each other get connected.

Der geringere Schäumungsgrad kann auch dadurch entstehen, daß innen liegende Schaumschichten gleicher Beschaffenheit miteinander verschweißt werden. Dabei macht sich die Erfindung zunutze, daß der Schaum an der Schweißfläche durch Anschmelzen der Schaumschicht soweit zusammen fällt, wie die Wärme in entsprechendem Umfang in den Schaum eindringt. Wahlweise wird das genutzt, um über das Anschmelzen der Schaumoberfläche die Dicke der Schicht höherer Festigkeit zu beeinflussen. Vorzugsweise haben die innen liegenden Schichten höherer Festigkeiten eine Dicke von 0,1 bis 2 mm, noch weiter bevorzugt 0,5 bis 0,8 mm.Of the lower degree of foaming can also be caused by the fact that inside lying foam layers of the same nature are welded together. The invention makes use of the fact that the foam at the welding surface by melting the foam layer falls as far as the heat in corresponding Scope penetrates the foam. Optionally, this is used to talk about that Melt the foam surface the Thickness of the layer higher To influence strength. Preferably, the inner layers have higher Strengths a thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm, even more preferred 0.5 to 0.8 mm.

Wahlweise werden auf obigem Wege Schichten von einer Dicke von 2 bis 15 mm, vorzugsweise 5 bis 8 mm, miteinander verschweißt.Optional in the above way, layers of a thickness of 2 to 15 mm, preferably 5 to 8 mm, welded together.

Der Kunststoff kann im Prinzip jedes schäumbare Polymer sein. Wegen der in Betracht kommenden Kunststoffe wird auf die Aufzählung von Kunststoffe in Saechtling, Kunststoff Taschenbuch, 27.Ausgabe, Abschnitt 1.2, Bezug genommen. Vorzugsweise finden für hochfeste Produkte PVC (Polyvinylchlorid) und Abwandlungen davon sowie PET (Polyethylenterephthalat) und Abwandlungen davon Anwendung.Of the Plastic can in principle be any foamable polymer. Because of The eligible plastics will be on the enumeration of plastics in Saechtling, Plastic Paperback, 27th Edition, Section 1.2, Referenced. Preferably, for high strength products, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and modifications thereof, as well as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and modifications of it application.

In weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung wird das Schichtmaterial dadurch hergestellt, daß Kunststoffschaumfolien oder Platten miteinander verschweißt werden, bis ein ausreichend großer Quader entsteht. Ausreichend sind die Abmessungen des Quaders, wenn nach anschließender Zerlegung des Quaders ein Schichtmaterial mit den gewünschten Abmessungen entsteht. Die gewünschten Abmessungen können zum Beispiel sein 40mm bis 2000mm Breite, vorzugsweise 60 bis 1200mm Breite, 1000mm bis 18.000 mm Länge, vorzugsweise 1200 bis 2600 mm Länge und 10 bis 100mm Dicke, vorzugsweise 40 bis 60mm Dicke.In a further embodiment of the invention, the layer material is produced in that plastic foils or sheets are welded together until a sufficiently large cuboid is formed. Sufficient are the dimensions of the cuboid, if, after subsequent decomposition of the cuboid, a layer material with the desired dimensions is formed. The desired dimensions may be, for example, 40mm to 2000mm in width, preferably 60 to 1200mm in width, 1000mm to 18000mm in length, preferably 1200 to 2600mm in length and 10 to 100mm in thickness, preferably 40 to 60mm in thickness.

Die erfindungsgemäße Zerlegung des entstandenen Quaders kann durch Sägen oder Schneiden mit einem Heißmesser oder auch in anderer Weise erfolgen. Das Zerlegen von Schaumquadern mit einer Bandsäge ist zur Herstellung von Polystyrolschaumplatten bekannt. Die Heißmesser sind üblicherweise mit Strom beheizte Drähte und besitzen eine solche Temperatur, daß der Kunststoffschaum bei der Berührung mit dem Draht wegschmilzt.The Disassembly according to the invention of the resulting cuboid can by sawing or cutting with a hot knife or otherwise done. The disassembly of foam cubes with a band saw is known for the production of polystyrene foam boards. The hot knives are common with electricity heated wires and have such a temperature that the plastic foam at the touch melts away with the wire.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt.In the drawing is an embodiment of Invention shown.

1 zeigt einen Block 1 aus PET-Schaum. 1 shows a block 1 made of PET foam.

Der Block hat im Ausführungsbeispiel eine Breite von 600 mm und eine Höhe von 1200 mm und besteht aus verschiedenen gleichen PET- Schaumschichten 2. Die PET-Schichten haben im Ausführungsbeispiel eine Dicke von 8 mm und sind miteinander verschweißt. Zur Verschweißung sind die Schichten 2 an den Schweißflächen auf eine Temperatur von 300 Grad Celsius erwärmt worden. In anderen Ausführungsbeispielen liegt die Temperatur zwischen 250 und 350 Grad Celsius.In the exemplary embodiment, the block has a width of 600 mm and a height of 1200 mm and consists of different identical PET foam layers 2 , In the exemplary embodiment, the PET layers have a thickness of 8 mm and are welded together. For welding are the layers 2 heated to a temperature of 300 degrees Celsius at the welding surfaces. In other embodiments, the temperature is between 250 and 350 degrees Celsius.

In anderen Ausführungsbeispielen können andere Wärmequellen zur Erwärmung der Schweißflächen Anwendung finden.In other embodiments others can heat sources for warming the welding surfaces application Find.

Durch die Erwärmung wird ein Teil des Schaumes weggeschmolzen. Es entstehen Schweißschichten 3, in denen nur noch ungeschäumtes PET und teilweise durch die Erwärmung kollabierter Schaum vorliegt. Diese Schicht hat eine wesentlich größere Festigkeit als der übrige Schaum.Heating causes part of the foam to melt away. Welding layers are formed 3 in which only unfoamed PET and partly due to the heating collapsed foam is present. This layer has a much greater strength than the rest of the foam.

Die Dicke der Schicht 3 beträgt im Ausführungsbeispiel 0,5 mm.The thickness of the layer 3 is in the embodiment 0.5 mm.

Alle Schichten 2 werden im Ausführungsbeispiel gleichzeitig miteinander verschweißt. Dazu werden alle Schichten beabstandet und werden Heizplatten in den Zwischenraum gefahren, so daß alle Schweißflächen gleichzeitig in gewünschter Form erwärmt werden. Anschließend werden die Heizplatten wieder herausgezogen und werden alle Schichten 2 gemeinsam mit dem Schweißdruck zusammen gedrückt.All layers 2 are simultaneously welded together in the embodiment. For this purpose, all layers are spaced and heating plates are moved into the gap, so that all welding surfaces are heated simultaneously in the desired shape. Subsequently, the heating plates are pulled out again and are all layers 2 pressed together with the welding pressure.

Für das Verfahren ist günstig, wenn die einzelnen Schichten 2 zum Erwärmen senkrecht gestellt werden und unten aufstehen.For the procedure is favorable, if the individual layers 2 to warm up and stand up.

3 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung mit aufstehenden und beabstandeten Schichten 2 und darüber stehenden Heizplatten 15. Die Heizplatten 15 werden in nicht dargestellter Form heb- und senkbar gehalten und so geführt, daß sie beim Absenken genau mittig zwischen die Schichten 2 gelangen und eine gleichmäßige Erwärmung bewirken. 3 shows a schematic representation with upstanding and spaced layers 2 and overlying hot plates 15 , The heating plates 15 can be raised and lowered in an unillustrated form held and guided so that they are exactly in the middle between the layers when lowering 2 reach and cause a uniform heating.

Durch die aufstehenden Schichten 2 wird das Problem der Nachgiebigkeit des Schaumes minimiert. Die Platten biegen sich nicht durch. Es kann überall ein gleicher Abstand zur Heizplatte gesichert werden. Das vereinfacht die gleichmäßige Erwärmung der Oberflächen.Through the rising layers 2 the problem of the flexibility of the foam is minimized. The plates do not bend. It can be secured everywhere the same distance to the heating plate. This simplifies the uniform heating of the surfaces.

In der 1 ist eine strich-punktierte Linie 7 dargestellt. Die Linie 7 verläuft im Ausführungsbeispiel in einem Abstand 6 von 40mm von der Frontfläche des Quaders.In the 1 is a dash-dotted line 7 shown. The line 7 runs in the embodiment at a distance 6 of 40mm from the front surface of the cuboid.

Entlang der Linie 7 wird mit einer Bandsäge in Richtung des Pfeiles 8 parallel zur Frontfläche des Quaders eine Scheibe abgeschnitten. Die dadurch anfallende Platte 10 ist in 2 dargestellt.Along the line 7 is using a band saw in the direction of the arrow 8th a slice cut off parallel to the front surface of the cuboid. The resulting plate 10 is in 2 shown.

Die 2 zeigt obige Schweißschichten 3 als senkrecht stehende Stege 23. Dazwischen finden sich obige Schaumschichten 2 als Schaumschichten 22. Durch die Stege 23 erfährt die Platte 10 eine höhere Scherfestigkeit in der Ebene der Platte 10. Die Scherfestigkeit kennzeichnet die Platten-Festigkeit bei einer Belastung der Platte 10 in den mit den Pfeilen 11 und 12 gekennzeichneten Richtungen.The 2 shows the above welding layers 3 as vertical bars 23 , In between are the above foam layers 2 as foam layers 22 , Through the bars 23 learns the plate 10 a higher shear strength in the plane of the plate 10 , The shear strength indicates the plate strength under load of the plate 10 in the with the arrows 11 and 12 marked directions.

Die Platte 10 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel dazu bestimmt, um in einem Flügel für eine Windmühle Anwendung zu finden. Dabei werden mehrere Platten 10 erneut miteinander verschweißt, bis ein Rohkörper entsteht, aus dem der Flügel dann geschnitten wird.The plate 10 is intended in the exemplary embodiment to find application in a wing for a windmill. There are several plates 10 welded together again until a raw body is formed, from which the wing is then cut.

Claims (13)

Schichtmaterial für Verbundplatten, wobei das Schichtmaterial (10) aus Kunststoffschaum mit innen liegenden Schichten (23) höherer Festigkeit versehen ist, die quer zur Ebene Schichtmaterials (10) verlaufen, wobei das Schichtmaterial in den Verbundplatten mit anderem oder gleichem Material übereinander liegend verbunden ist.Layer material for composite panels, wherein the layer material ( 10 ) made of plastic foam with internal layers ( 23 ) of higher strength, which is transverse to the plane of the layer material ( 10 ), wherein the layer material in the composite panels is connected to one another or the same material lying one above the other. Schichtmaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die innen liegenden Schichten (23) senkrecht zur Ebene des Schichtmaterials (10) verlaufen.Layer material according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner layers ( 23 ) perpendicular to the plane of the layer material ( 10 ). Schichtmaterial nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die innen liegenden Schichten (23) eine Dicke von 0,1 bis 2 mm besitzen.Layer material according to claim 1 or 2, as characterized in that the inner layers ( 23 ) have a thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm. Schichtmaterial nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die innen liegenden Schichten (23) eine Dicke von 0,5 bis 0,8 mm besitzenLayer material according to claim 3, characterized in that the inner layers ( 23 ) have a thickness of 0.5 to 0.8 mm Schichtmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet durch eine Dicke von 2 bis 15 der Kunststoffschaumschichten (2).Layer material according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by a thickness of 2 to 15 of the plastic foam layers ( 2 ). Schichtmaterial nach Anspruch 5, gekennzeichnet durch eine Dicke von 5 bis 8 m der Kunststoffschaumschichten (2). Layer material according to claim 5, characterized by a thickness of 5 to 8 m of the plastic foam layers ( 2 ). Schichtmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, gekennzeichnet durch eine Dicke von 10 bis 100 mm.Layer material according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by a thickness of 10 to 100 mm. Schichtmaterial nach Anspruch 7, gekennzeichnet durch eine Dicke von 40 bis 60 mm.Layer material according to claim 7, characterized by a thickness of 40 to 60 mm. Schichtmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung von PET- oder PVC-Schaum.Layer material according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the use of PET or PVC foam. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schichtmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zunächst die Kunststoffschaumschichten (2) an den Schweißflächen erwärmt und anschließend mit Schweißdruck aneinander gedrückt werden.Process for producing a layered material according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that first the plastic foam layers ( 2 ) are heated at the welding surfaces and then pressed together with welding pressure. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Mehrzahl von Platten gleichzeitig an den Schweißflächen erwärmt und anschließend zusammengedrückt werden.Method according to claim 10, characterized in that that one A plurality of plates are heated simultaneously at the welding surfaces and then compressed. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Quader (1) aus den Kunststoffschaumschichten (2) erzeugt werden und alle Kunststoffschaumschichten (2) des Quaders (1) gleichzeitig miteinander verschweißt werden.Method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that cuboid ( 1 ) from the plastic foam layers ( 2 ) and all plastic foam layers ( 2 ) of the cuboid ( 1 ) are welded together at the same time. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Quader in Platten (10) geschnitten wird.Method according to one of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the cuboid is placed in plates ( 10 ) is cut.
DE102004056546A 2004-11-23 2004-11-23 Laminated material for production of composite sheet, comprises layers of plastic foam welded together to form inner layers of higher strength running at right angles to the plane of the sheet Withdrawn DE102004056546A1 (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006041638A1 (en) * 2006-09-05 2008-03-20 Dixi-Comkontec Engineering U. Modellbau Gmbh Structural unit e.g. plate, for use in motor vehicle, has barrier layer made up of foam with high temperature stability, where barrier layer has high temperature so that barrier layer connects on foam layer during pressing of barrier layer
EP2669072A1 (en) * 2012-05-29 2013-12-04 Basf Se Method for producing at least two-layer thermoplastic foam panels by means of thermal welding
EP2687354A1 (en) * 2012-07-17 2014-01-22 Basf Se Thermoplastic foam plates with a welding seam thickness of 30 to 200 micrometers
DE102012218655A1 (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-17 Iwi Gmbh Device for permanently connecting two plastic foam elements
EP2930007A1 (en) * 2014-04-11 2015-10-14 Basf Se Method for the production of thermoplastic foam panels using hot air
US20160023434A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2016-01-28 Basf Se Process for the production of a thermoplastic foam sheet via symmetrical bonding of the input sheets
EP2724843B1 (en) 2012-10-24 2017-05-03 Jackon Insulation GmbH Manufacture of thick XPS foam panels by means of welding

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006041638A1 (en) * 2006-09-05 2008-03-20 Dixi-Comkontec Engineering U. Modellbau Gmbh Structural unit e.g. plate, for use in motor vehicle, has barrier layer made up of foam with high temperature stability, where barrier layer has high temperature so that barrier layer connects on foam layer during pressing of barrier layer
EP2669072A1 (en) * 2012-05-29 2013-12-04 Basf Se Method for producing at least two-layer thermoplastic foam panels by means of thermal welding
EP2687354A1 (en) * 2012-07-17 2014-01-22 Basf Se Thermoplastic foam plates with a welding seam thickness of 30 to 200 micrometers
EP3147103A1 (en) * 2012-07-17 2017-03-29 Basf Se Thermoplastic foam panels with a welding seam thickness of 30 to 200 micrometers
EP2687354B1 (en) 2012-07-17 2017-04-05 Basf Se Thermoplastic foam plates with a welding seam thickness of 30 to 200 micrometers
DE102012218655A1 (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-17 Iwi Gmbh Device for permanently connecting two plastic foam elements
WO2014057135A1 (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-17 Iwi Gmbh Device for permanently connecting two plastic foam elements
DE102012218655B4 (en) * 2012-10-12 2019-11-28 Iwi Gmbh Device and method for permanently connecting two plastic foam elements
EP2724843B1 (en) 2012-10-24 2017-05-03 Jackon Insulation GmbH Manufacture of thick XPS foam panels by means of welding
US20160023434A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2016-01-28 Basf Se Process for the production of a thermoplastic foam sheet via symmetrical bonding of the input sheets
EP2930007A1 (en) * 2014-04-11 2015-10-14 Basf Se Method for the production of thermoplastic foam panels using hot air

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