DE102004046580A1 - Fuel filter of a particular internal combustion engine with reserve filter insert - Google Patents
Fuel filter of a particular internal combustion engine with reserve filter insert Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102004046580A1 DE102004046580A1 DE102004046580A DE102004046580A DE102004046580A1 DE 102004046580 A1 DE102004046580 A1 DE 102004046580A1 DE 102004046580 A DE102004046580 A DE 102004046580A DE 102004046580 A DE102004046580 A DE 102004046580A DE 102004046580 A1 DE102004046580 A1 DE 102004046580A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- fuel filter
- fuel
- filter
- reserve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
- B01D29/54—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/14—Safety devices specially adapted for filtration; Devices for indicating clogging
- B01D35/143—Filter condition indicators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/14—Safety devices specially adapted for filtration; Devices for indicating clogging
- B01D35/147—Bypass or safety valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
- F02M37/32—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
- F02M37/36—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements with bypass means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
- F02M37/32—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
- F02M37/40—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements with means for detection of clogging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
- F02M37/32—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
- F02M37/48—Filters structurally associated with fuel valves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/56—Wireless systems for monitoring the filter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
- F02M37/24—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by water separating means
- F02M37/26—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by water separating means with water detection means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
Abstract
Bei einem Kraftstofffilter eines inbesondere Verbrennungsmotors eines Kraftfahrzeuges mit DOLLAR A - Filtereinsätzen für einen Haupt- und einen schaltbaren Reserve-Nebenstrom, nämlich ein Haupt- und ein Reservefiltereinsatz (2; 3), und DOLLAR A - einem den Reserve-Nebenstrom schaltenden Schaltventil (7) mit einem sich zur Einnahme einer Verschluss- und einer Öffnungsposition verlagerbaren Verschlussteil (8) DOLLAR A soll ein aktiver Reserve-Nebenstrom auf einfache Weise nach außerhalb des Kraftstofffilters anzeigbar sein. DOLLAR A Zu diesem Zweck besitzt das Kraftstofffilter eine Einrichtung zur telemetrischen Anzeige mindestens der Öffnungsposition des Verschlussteiles (8) des Schaltventils (7).In a fuel filter of a particular internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle with DOLLAR A - filter inserts for a main and a switchable reserve side stream, namely a main and a reserve filter insert (2, 3), and DOLLAR A - a switching the reserve bypass flow switching valve (7 ) with a displaceable for taking a closed and an open position closure part (8) DOLLAR A an active reserve bypass should be easily displayed to the outside of the fuel filter. DOLLAR A For this purpose, the fuel filter has a device for telemetric display at least the opening position of the closure part (8) of the switching valve (7).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kraftstofffilter eines insbesondere Verbrennungsmotors nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The The invention relates to a fuel filter of a particular internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
Solche Filter sollen dazu dienen, bei einem durch Verschmutzung lebensdauermäßig erschöpften Hauptfiltereinsatz noch eine Restlaufzeit des Filters durch Zuschalten eines in einem Nebenstrom zu dem Hauptfiltereinsatz angeordneten Reservefiltereinsatzes zu ermöglichen.Such Filters are to serve, with a life-moderately exhausted main filter cartridge by pollution still a remaining time of the filter by connecting one in one Secondary flow to the main filter cartridge arranged reserve filter insert to enable.
Bei einem derart betriebenen, gattungsgemäßen Kraftstofffilter beschäftigt sich die Erfindung mit dem Problem, den Reservebetrieb des Filters auf eine möglichst einfache und sichere Weise anzeigen zu können. Bei einem Kraftstofffilter eines Verbrennungsmotors eines Kraftfahrzeuges soll die Anzeige von dem Fahrer von außerhalb des Motorraumes erkennbar sein.at a generic fuel filter operated in this way is concerned the invention with the problem of the backup operation of the filter on a preferably easy and safe way to show. In a fuel filter an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, the display of the driver from outside be recognizable of the engine compartment.
Gelöst wird dieses Problem bei einem gattungsgemäßen Kraftstofffilter durch eine Ausführung nach dem kennzeichnenden Merkmal des Patentanspruchs 1.Is solved this problem in a generic fuel filter by an execution after the characterizing feature of claim 1.
Vorteilhafte und zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.advantageous and appropriate embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, die jeweils augenblickliche Stellung des beweglichen Verschlusselementes des den Reservenebenstrom schaltenden Ventiles zu detektieren und nach außen anzuzeigen. Zur Durchführung wird eine Einrichtung eingesetzt, mit der die jeweilige Position des Ventilverschlusselementes telemetrisch nach außen angezeigt werden kann. Derartige telemetrische Anzeigeübertragungseinrichtungen sind bekannter Stand der Technik, so dass hierauf ohne weiteres zurückgegriffen werden kann.The Invention is based on the general idea, each instantaneous Position of the movable closure element of the reserve secondary flow Switching valve to detect and display to the outside. To carry out a Device used with the respective position of the valve closure element telemetrically outward can be displayed. Such telemetric display transmission devices are well-known in the art, so that then readily resorted can be.
Eine solche telemetrische Übertragungseinrichtung kann beispielsweise einen Reedkontakt oder Hallsensor umfassen. Einsetzbar sind praktisch sämtliche Einrichtungen, bei denen keine elektrische Versorgungsenergie in das Innere des Kraftstofffilters geführt werden muss, um kompliziert herstellbare Filtergehäuse zu vermeiden.A such telemetric transmission device may include, for example, a reed contact or Hall sensor. Practically all can be used Facilities where no electrical supply energy in The interior of the fuel filter must be guided to complicate producible filter housing to avoid.
Eine telemetrisch arbeitende Einrichtung im erfindungsgemäßen Sinne umfasst sämtliche Einrichtungen, die dazu geeignet sind, die jeweilige Position des Verschlussteiles des Schalt-Ventiles von außerhalb des Filtergehäuse gegenüber dem Verschlussteil berührungsfrei detektieren und anzeigen zu können.A telemetric device according to the invention includes all Facilities that are suitable for the particular position of the Closing parts of the switching valve from outside the filter housing relative to the Closure part without contact detect and display.
Das Schaltventil kann als Verschlusselement ein solches besitzen, das federbelastet schließt. Dabei ist die schließend wirkende Federkraft derart auszulegen, dass bei einem Gegendruck von im Inneren auf der Filterrohseite anstehendem Kraftstoff ein Öffnen des Ventils möglich ist, wenn der betreffende Kraftstoffdruck die federbedingte Schließkraft des Schaltventiles übersteigt.The Switching valve may have as a closure element such, the spring loaded closes. This is the closing acting spring force designed such that at a back pressure of fuel pending inside on the filter side, opening the Valve possible is when the fuel pressure in question exceeds the spring-related closing force of the switching valve.
Bei einem verschmutzten Hauptfiltereinsatz stellt sich auf der Rohseite des Filters ein zum Öffnen des Schaltventiles und damit zum Durchströmen des Reservefiltereinsatzes dienender Überdruck ein. Bei tiefen Temperaturen kann ein solcher Überdruck ebenfalls anfallen und dann zu einem ungewollten Öffnen des Schalt-Ventiles führen. Ungewollt kann ein solches Öffnen sein, weil an sich in dem Hauptfiltereinsatz noch kein Verschmutzungsgrad vorliegt, der zu einem Öffnen des Reservenebenstromes führen soll. Um ein Öffnen bei Temperaturen unterhalb eines vorgegebenen Wertes zu verhindern, kann das Ventil mit einer temperaturabhängig arbeitenden Sperreinrichtung versehen sein. Gegebenenfalls kann bei einer lediglich durch eine tiefe Kraftstofftemperatur bedingte Freigabe des Reservenebenstromes dieser Zustand auch ohne Anzeige verbleiben. Durch eine solche Anzeigeunterdrückung wird vermieden, dass der Fahrer eines Fahrzeuges durch eine Anzeige, die lediglich aufgrund einer tiefen Kraftstofftemperatur erzeugt wird in unzutreffender Weise eine in Wirklichkeit nicht vorliegende Filterverschmutzung und damit die Notwendigkeit eines Filterwechsels annimmt.at a soiled main filter cartridge turns on the raw side the filter on to open the Switching valves and thus to flow through the reserve filter insert Serving overpressure one. At low temperatures, such an overpressure may also be incurred and then to an unintentional opening lead the switching valve. Unintentionally, such an opening can occur be, because in itself in the main filter cartridge still no degree of pollution present, the opening lead the reserve secondary current should. To open to prevent at temperatures below a predetermined value, can the valve with a temperature-dependent locking device be provided. Optionally, in a merely by a low fuel temperature conditional release of reserve secondary flow this state also remain without display. By such a display suppression is avoided that the driver of a vehicle by an ad, which only generates due to a low fuel temperature is incorrectly in fact a non-existent Filter contamination and thus the need for a filter change accepts.
Eine Anzeigeunterdrückung kann recht einfach durch eine Berücksichtigung der Kraftstofftemperatur erreicht werden, indem bei einer unterhalb eines Grenzwertes gemessenen Temperatur die Reservefunktionsanzeige des Filters unter Einsatz entsprechender elektrischer Mittel verhindert wird.A display suppression can be quite easy by considering the fuel temperature can be achieved by measuring at a below a threshold value Temperature using the reserve function indicator of the filter corresponding electrical means is prevented.
Soll nicht nur eine fälschliche Anzeige einer lediglich temperaturbedingten Reservefunktion des Filters vermieden werden, sondern darüber hinaus ein Reservestrom grundsätzlich in einem solchen Fall unterdrückt werden, so kann das Schaltventil mit temperaturabhängig arbeitenden Sperrmitteln versehen sein. Solche Sperrmittel können an sich bekannte Bauelemente sein, die temperaturabhängig ihre Form verändern wie beispielsweise im einfachsten Fall Bimetallelemente.Should not just a fake one Display of a purely temperature-related reserve function of the filter be avoided, but about it In addition, a reserve power basically suppressed in such a case can, so the switching valve with temperature-dependent working Be provided locking means. Such blocking means can be known per se be the temperature-dependent change their shape such as in the simplest case bimetallic elements.
Ein vorteilhaftes, nachstehend näher erläutertes Ausführungsbeispiel ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt.One advantageous, more detail below Illustrated embodiment is shown in the drawing.
In dieser zeigt die einzigeIn this shows the only one
In
einem Filtergehäuse
Die Art, wie das Kraftstofffilter durchströmt wird, ist durch Strömungspfeile in der Zeichnung angedeutet.The The way in which the fuel filter flows through is through flow arrows indicated in the drawing.
Das
Schaltventil
Das
Verschlussteil
Soll
ein Öffnen
des Schalt-Ventiles
Das Filtergehäuse kann im Grunde aus beliebigem Material sein, wobei lediglich darauf zu achten ist, dass je nach gewählter Ausbildung der telemetrisch übertragenden Anzeigeeinrichtung die Übertragungsfunktion gewährleistet ist.The filter housing Basically, it can be made of any material, with just it to pay attention to that, depending on the chosen Training of telemetrically transmitting Display device, the transfer function guaranteed is.
Die
telemetrische Anzeigeeinrichtung in Form beispielsweise eines Reedkontaktes
Alle in der Beschreibung und in den nachfolgenden Ansprüchen dargestellten Merkmale können sowohl einzeln als auch in beliebiger Form miteinander erfindungswesentlich sein.All in the description and in the following claims Features can be both individually as well as in any form with each other invention essential be.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004046580A DE102004046580A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 | 2004-09-23 | Fuel filter of a particular internal combustion engine with reserve filter insert |
PCT/DE2005/001677 WO2006032259A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 | 2005-09-22 | Fuel filter of an internal combustion engine provided with a reserve filter element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004046580A DE102004046580A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 | 2004-09-23 | Fuel filter of a particular internal combustion engine with reserve filter insert |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102004046580A1 true DE102004046580A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
Family
ID=35429317
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004046580A Withdrawn DE102004046580A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 | 2004-09-23 | Fuel filter of a particular internal combustion engine with reserve filter insert |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE102004046580A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006032259A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2302191A3 (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2014-03-19 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Filter device for liquids |
CN109011781A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-18 | 大庆丹枫石油技术开发有限公司 | Pressure limiting classified filtering device can be backwashed |
EP3552681A1 (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2019-10-16 | Hydac Fluidcarecenter GmbH | Filter element for oil filtration |
WO2022194599A1 (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-09-22 | Hengst Se | Filter cartridge for insertion in a filter housing of a fluid filter |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3397786A (en) * | 1967-07-17 | 1968-08-20 | Champion Lab Inc | Dual element filter assembly having plural valves therein |
WO1982002498A1 (en) * | 1981-01-19 | 1982-08-05 | Joe E Fuzzell | A temperature compensated differential fluid pressure switch |
DE3632655C2 (en) * | 1986-09-26 | 1988-06-30 | Ing. Walter Hengst Gmbh & Co Kg, 4400 Muenster, De | |
DE10013905A1 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-27 | Mannesmann Vdo Ag | Conveying device for conveying fuel |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1982002622A1 (en) * | 1981-01-19 | 1982-08-05 | Joe E Fuzzell | A temperature compensated switch for monitoring a filter bypass valve |
JPS6164311A (en) * | 1984-09-04 | 1986-04-02 | Hideo Imazeki | Method for confirming clogging of oil filter |
IT1237973B (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1993-06-19 | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE LUBRICATION OIL FILTER FOR VEHICLES | |
DE9113019U1 (en) * | 1991-10-19 | 1993-02-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De |
-
2004
- 2004-09-23 DE DE102004046580A patent/DE102004046580A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-09-22 WO PCT/DE2005/001677 patent/WO2006032259A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3397786A (en) * | 1967-07-17 | 1968-08-20 | Champion Lab Inc | Dual element filter assembly having plural valves therein |
WO1982002498A1 (en) * | 1981-01-19 | 1982-08-05 | Joe E Fuzzell | A temperature compensated differential fluid pressure switch |
DE3632655C2 (en) * | 1986-09-26 | 1988-06-30 | Ing. Walter Hengst Gmbh & Co Kg, 4400 Muenster, De | |
DE10013905A1 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-27 | Mannesmann Vdo Ag | Conveying device for conveying fuel |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2302191A3 (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2014-03-19 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Filter device for liquids |
EP3552681A1 (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2019-10-16 | Hydac Fluidcarecenter GmbH | Filter element for oil filtration |
CN109011781A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-18 | 大庆丹枫石油技术开发有限公司 | Pressure limiting classified filtering device can be backwashed |
WO2022194599A1 (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-09-22 | Hengst Se | Filter cartridge for insertion in a filter housing of a fluid filter |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2006032259A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
R005 | Application deemed withdrawn due to failure to request examination |
Effective date: 20110924 |