DE102004045063A1 - Polymer composition, useful in molded body, which is useful as a packing material or synthetic material, comprises biodegradable polymer and a material from grain and/or pseudo grain - Google Patents

Abstract

Polymer composition (A) comprises biodegradable polymer (I) and a material from grain (II) and/or pseudo grain (III). Independent claims are also included for: (1) a molded body comprising (A); (2) a fabric or non-woven fabric or clothing fabric comprising the molded bodies; and (3) the preparation of molded particle comprising continuously or discontinuously mixing (I), (II) and/or (III) to form a deformable mass; processing the deformable mass to molded body and subsequently treating the obtained molded body.

Description

The The invention relates to a polymer composition containing a biological includes degradable polymer, and their use for the production of a shaped article from the polymer composition molded body, a process for its preparation and its use and a Garment that the shaped body in the form of fibers.

polymer compositions with various additives for the production of moldings known.

In U.S. Patent No. 5,766,746 describes a nonwoven web of cellulosic fibers, which contain a flame-retardant, phosphorus-containing component.

The U.S. Patent No. 5,565,007 describes modified rayon fibers with a modifier to improve the dyeing properties the fibers.

Out U.S. Patent 4,055,702 are melt spun cold drawn fibers made of a synthetic, organic polymer with additives. These additives can Receptors, flame retardants, antistatic agents, stabilizers, Mildew inhibitors or antioxidants.

From "Lenzinger Reports ", 76/97, Page 126 is also a lyocell fiber made of a cellulose solution in N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (hereinafter "NMMNO") was spun, 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the cellulose, on crosslinking agents for improvement of wet scrub value can be incorporated. Furthermore is described lyocell fibers carboxymethyl chitin, carboxymethyl chitosan or polyethyleneimine for improving the fungicidal properties, Polyethyleneimine for metal ion adsorption and dye uptake, hyaluronic acid for improving bactericidal properties, xanthan gum, guar gum, Carubin, Bassorin or Strength to improve the hydrophilicity, water absorption and water vapor permeability or strength to incorporate for accelerated enzymatic hydrolysis.

The WO 98/58015 describes a composition which contains fine solid particles contains for admixing into a moldable solution of cellulose in one aqueous tertiary Amine oxide. The composition consists of solid particles, tertiary amine oxide, Water and at least one other substance. This further substance may be a stabilizer or a dispersant. The solid Particles can Be pigments.

In addition, it is known that high concentrations of iron and transition metals affect the stability of a cellulose pulp, NMMNO and water. High concentrations of iron reduce the decomposition temperature of the solution so much that explosive decomposition reaction of the solution can occur. "The paper", FA Buitenhuijs 40th year, issue 12, 1986 describes the decomposition and stabilization of cellulose, dissolved in NMMNO, and the influence of iron - Fe (III) on these cellulose solutions of 500 ppm of Fe (III), over 40% of the NMMNO was converted to the decomposition product N-methylmorpholine ("NMM"). However, the addition of Cu + ² reduces the solution stability. The decomposition temperature (T onset ° C) was lowered with the addition of copper to a NMMO-cellulose solution without copper from 175 ° C to 114 ° C in the presence of 900 mg copper / kg mass. Furthermore, the positive effect of stabilizers, such as propyl gallate and ellagic acid, is described.

At the Addition of additives to fibers also gives rise to difficulties Properties of the fibers, such as mechanical strengths, fiber elongations, Slings, abrasiveness, dyeability.

In JP 1228916 is described a film of two layers of woven material or nonwoven, between which by means of adhesives or by heat welding fine flakes of algal material, such as from Rhodophyceae filled. This provides a film that improves health when used.

These However, film has the disadvantage that the finely ground algae material in cavities between the two layers is present, reducing the algal material at a break the film exits and separated from the environment by the layers is.

U.S. Patent Nos. 4,421,583 and 4,562,110 describe a process in which fibrous material is made from alginate. For this purpose, alginate is obtained from the seaweed by extraction method and spun the resulting soluble alginate directly to fibers ver. In WO 01/62844 and WO No. 03/018166 describes a process in which cellulosic fibers are incorporated with comminuted algae material during the fiber production process and subsequently loaded with metal ions.

Therefore the object of the present invention is to provide a polymer composition which contains an additive, with a good stability and processability and a molded article produced therefrom and to provide a method for its production.

The solution This object is a polymer composition that is a biological degradable polymer and a material comprising cereals molded body made therefrom and a process for its preparation according to claims 1 to 20.

in the In the narrower sense, grain is a cultivated form of grasses (botanical Poaceae) and will be over bred the agricultural cultivation. The incorporated cereal forms can e.g. Finely minced individual products or mixtures of barley, oat, Millet, corn, rice, wheat, spelled products.

The Biodegradable polymer is preferably selected from the group consisting of cellulose, modified cellulose, latex, Vegetable protein and of animal origin, in particular cellulose, and mixtures from that. Polyamides, polyurethanes and mixtures thereof may also be used used as far as they are biodegradable. Prefers contain the polymer composition according to the invention and the molded article produced therefrom is not non-biological degradable polymers or mixtures thereof.

The Polymer compositions according to the invention can also contain non-biodegradable polymers. Certain polymer solvents such as. DMAc, DMSO or DMF etc. can also be synthetic polymers, such as aromatic polyamides (aramids) polyacrylonitrile (PACN) or Dissolve polyvinyl alcohols (PVA), in turn, in combination with known cellulose solvents such as. LiCl / DMAc, DMSO / PF, tertiary amine oxides / water to one Polymer compositions can be combined.

Examples for modified Cellulose include carboxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, nitrate cellulose, copper cellulose, Viscanthogenate, cellulose carbamate and cellulose acetate. Examples for fibers polycondensation and polymerization products are polyamides, which are substituted by methyl, hydroxy or benzyl groups. examples for Polyurethanes are those based on polyester polyols are constructed.

The biodegradable polymer is preferably selected from the group consisting of cellulose added grass material is classified as follows: Rich: Plants (Plantae) Underdark: Vascular plants (Tracheobionta) Department: Seed plants (spermatophyta) Subdivision: Flowering plants (Magnoliophyta) Class: Monocotyledonous (Liliopsidae) Order: Poales Family: Grasses (Poaceae, Gramineae)

• • Mais (Zea mays L.)
• • Reis (Oryza sativa L)t
• • Weizen (Triticum L.)t
• • Dinkel
• • Emmer
• • Einkorn
• • Kamut
• • Gerste (Hordeum vulgare L.)t
• • Hirse
• • (Millet)
• • (Andropogon Sorghum)
• • Hafer (Avena sativa L.)
• • Roggen (Secale cereale)
• • Triticale (Triticosecale rimpaui Wittm.)

gewählt werden.The grasses added to the polymer (Poaceae, Gramineae) can according to the invention from the genus

• • corn (Zea mays L.)
• • Rice (Oryza sativa L) t
• • wheat (Triticum L.) t
• • Spelt
• • Emmer
• • Einkorn
• • Kamut
• • Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) t
• • millet
• • (Millet)
• • (Andropogon Sorghum)
• Oats (Avena sativa L.)
• • rye (Secale cereale)
• Triticale (Triticosecale rimpaui Wittm.)

to get voted.

A Classification of grasses is the textbook of botany for Colleges E.Strasburger; F.Noll; H.Schenk; A.F.W. Schimper; 33rd Edition Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart-Jena-New York; 1991 too remove.

As well can minced gluten-free so-called pseudo cereals (also: pseudocereals) be added to the polymer mixture. The. are grains of Plants not belonging to the grass family (Poaceae = all real Cereals). The fruits are usually very rich in strength, Protein, Minerals and fat.

• • Amarant
• • Bado (Samen der ägyptischen Lotosblume → Lotosmehl)
• • Buchweizen
• • Quinoa (Perureis, Reismelde, Inkakorn)

Pseudo-cereals are:

• • Amaranth
• • Bado (seed of the Egyptian lotus flower → lotus flour)
• • buckwheat
• • Quinoa (Perureis, Quinoa, Inkakorn)

• 1. das Material aus Getreide und Pseudogetreide, welches geschnitten wurde, wird gesammelt und getrocknet,
• 2. das geschnittene und getrockente Material aus Getreide und Pseudogetreide wird grobzerkleinert und anschließend feinzerkleinert.

The material from grain and pseudo cereals can be obtained in various ways. First, it is harvested, with two different harvesting methods:

• 1. the material of grain and pseudo-grain which has been cut is collected and dried,
• 2. The cut and dried material from grain and pseudo cereals is coarsely crushed and then finely crushed.

The Cereal and pseudo cereal material obtained by the last process has the highest quality and is rich in vitamins, minerals, trace elements fats and polysaccharides.

Table 1 Ingredients of different cereals (per 100 g)

The harvested cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material can be further processed in various ways. The material can be dried at temperatures up to 150 ° C and comminuted using ultrasound, wet ball mills, pin mills or counter-rotating mills, whereby a powder he will hold, which may optionally also be performed for classification via a cyclone stage. A powder thus obtained can be used according to the invention.

In addition, can this powder in addition an extraction process, for example with steam, water or be subjected to an alcohol, such as ethanol, resulting in a liquid extract is obtained. This extract can also be used according to the invention. The harvested cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material may also be one Cryo-grinding be subjected. It is comminuted at -50 ° C into particles with about 100 microns. If desired is, the material thus obtained can be further crushed, wherein Particles with a size of approx. 6 to about 10 microns to be obtained.

It can also mixtures of cereal and / or pseudo-grain material and their extraction products are used. The ratio of Cereal and / or Pseudo-grain material is preferably 50% by weight to 50% by weight. Preferably, grain material is used in the invention.

For the purposes of the invention Is it possible, Particles of grain and / or pseudo-grain material in the grain size range from 200 to 400 μm, preferably 150 to 300 μm, use. Preferably also particles with small grain sizes are used, like 1 to 100 μm, more preferably 1 to 5 μm. It can also grain size mixtures uniform material or different grain and / or Pseudo-metal material.

One example for a usable according to the invention Cereal material is a spelled powder (Triticum spelta L., Engl. Spelled) with a particle size of 95% <40 μm In addition to protein, fat, Carbohydrates and minerals like calcium, potassium, iron, magnesium contains the cereal material still used vitamins B1, B2, B6, E; Folic acid and Niacin. Above all, spelled is due to its high content of organic bound silicic acid known. Exceptional the high content of silica in spelled, especially in spelled. The spelled, also called chaff, contains up to 90% silica. Spelled consists of about 62 percent carbohydrates, 3 percent fat, 9 percent fiber, and 12 percent protein, all trace essentials Contains amino acids.

Green core is Spelled, a special form of wheat that is harvested when he is still green is. The green core (green Spelled) is dehusked and dried (dried). Grünkern has an olive Colour. He can according to the invention as a whole Grain or ground can be used.

The Cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material may be present in the polymer composition and the molded article produced therefrom in an amount of 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 15% by weight, more preferably 1 to 8 wt .-%, in particular 1 to 4 wt .-%, based on the weight of the biodegradable polymer. Especially, when the molding is in the form of a fiber, the amount of cereal and / or Pseudogetreidematerial preferably 0.1 to 15 wt .-%, in particular 1 to 5 wt .-%.

The Moldings according to the invention can be used with usual Process of the polymer composition according to the invention be prepared, wherein the biodegradable polymer and the Cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material for the preparation of the polymer composition first mixed and then the molding will be produced.

Continuous or discontinuous mixing of the biodegradable polymer and the cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material may be accomplished by apparatus and methods as described in WO 96/33221. US 5,626,810 and WO 96/33934.

Especially Preferably, the shaped body according to the invention is in the form of fibers, on most preferably in the form of cellulose fibers.

method for the production of cellulose fibers according to the invention are known such as the lyocell or NMMO, rayon or viscose or the carbamate method.

The lyocell method can be carried out as described below. To prepare a deformable mass and the cellulose fibers according to the invention, a solution of cellulose, NMMNO and water is prepared by first forming a suspension of cellulose, NMMNO and water and this suspension under reduced pressure in a 1 to 20 mm thick layer continuously over a Heat exchange surface is transported by rotating elements. During this process, water is evaporated until a homogeneous cellulose solution is formed. The Celluloselö thus obtained solutions may contain from 2 to 30% by weight of cellulose, from 68 to 82% by weight of NMMNO and from 2 to 17% by weight of water. If desired, additives such as inorganic salts, inorganic oxides, finely divided organic substances or stabilizers may be added to this solution.

Of the thus obtained cellulose solution then the cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material in the form of powder; Powder suspension or in liquid form, as an extract or Suspension, added continuously or discontinuously.

Due process The cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material may also be after or while the continuous comminution of the dry cellulose, for example in the form of cereals and pseudo-crops more primitive Size, as Powder or highly concentrated powder suspension may be added. The Powder suspension can be in water or any solvent in the desired and for needed the procedure Concentration are produced.

Of further there is also the possibility the cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material with a simultaneous pulp process Feed crushing. The pulp can either be in water, in alkalis or in the later to resolution the necessary solvent for the cellulose carried out become. Again, the cereal and / or pseudo-grain material in solid, powdery, suspension shaped Kind or else in liquid Form are added.

The enriched with the cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material Polymer composition may be in the presence of a derivatizing agent and / or one for known the dissolution process solvent be converted into a deformable extrusion mass.

Another way of adding the cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material is to add it during a continuous dissolving process, as in EP 356419 and U.S. Patents 5,049,690 and 5,330,567.

alternative The addition may be discontinuous to give a master batch the cellulose solution. Preferably, the cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material continuously added.

The Cereal and / or pseudo-grain material can be found in any other Stage of the manufacturing process of the molding may be added. For example Can it into a piping system with appropriate mixing by static elements or stirrers mounted therein, such as known inline refiners or homogenizers, e.g. Devices of the Ultra Turrax, to be fed. Will the process be continuous batch operation, e.g. above a stirred tank cascade, carried out, so can at the for the process most optimal place the crop and pseudo-grain material in solid, powdery, suspension shaped or more fluid Form are introduced. The fine distribution can with known on the method matched stirring elements be achieved.

ever can be used according to particle size the formed incorporated extrusion or spinning mass before or be filtered after incorporation. Due to the fineness of the product used can be used in spinning processes with large nozzle diameters also be dispensed with a filtration.

These These are very sensitive spinning masses that can be injected via an injection site Material in suitable form directly in front of the spinneret or fed to the extrusion tool become.

A another possibility it is, if the grain and pseudo-ground material in liquid form is present, this while of the spinning process to the continuously spun yarn.

The resulting cellulose solution is prepared by conventional methods such as dry-jetwet; the wet spinning; the melt blown process, centrifuge spinning; spun by funnel spinning or dry spinning process US 5,589,125 and 5,939,000 ; such as EP 0574870 B1 and WO 98/07911 describe spinning processes for the production of cellulose fibers by the NMMO process. Optionally, the formed articles are subjected to the conventional chemical fiber post-treatment process for filaments or staple fibers.

It becomes a cellulose fiber according to the invention obtained with a cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material.

Next The spinning process also offer extrusion processes for Production of flat films, round films, skins (sausage skins) as well as On membranes.

The Viscose method can be carried out as follows. In this case, pulp with about 90 to 92 wt .-% α-cellulose with aqueous NaOH treated. Thereafter, the cellulose is converted by reaction with carbon disulfide converted into cellulose xanthogenate and a viscose solution by Addition of aqueous NaOH under constant stir receive. This viscose solution contains about 6% by weight of cellulose, 6% by weight of NaOH and 32% by weight of carbon disulfide, based on the cellulose content. After the suspension was stirred, is the cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material, either as Powder or liquid Extract, added. If desired is conventional additives, as surfactants, dispersants or stabilizers are added.

The Grain and / or pseudo-cereal material may in turn alternatively be added at any stage of the process.

thereupon becomes the solution thus obtained spun into fibers as described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 4,144,097.

The Carbamate process can be carried out as described below. For this purpose, from cellulose with about 92 to 95 wt .-% α-cellulose Cellulose carbamate prepared as in, for example, U.S. Patent 5,906,926 or DE-PS 196 35 707 described. This is Alkalicellulose from the pulp used by treatment with aqueous NaOH produced. After defibering, the alkali cellulose becomes ripe subjected to, and then the sodium hydroxide is washed out. The way activated cellulose is mixed with urea and water and in a reactor in a solvent brought in. The resulting mixture is heated. The resulting carbamate is separated and made from a carbamate spinning solution, as in the DE-PS-197 57 958 described. This spinning solution becomes the cereal and / or Added pseudo-grain material.

The thus obtained spinning solution is spun into fibers by known methods, and it is cellulose fibers according to the invention receive.

It has been surprising proved that the Cellulose fibers according to the invention the same excellent properties despite the addition of an additive show how cellulose fibers without additive, with respect to their fineness, breaking strength, Tensile force variation, Elongation, wet stretch, fineness-related breaking strength, fineness-related wet tensile strength, fineness-related loop tearing force, Naßscheuerung at break, wet abrasion variation and wet module and at the same time by the cereal and / or pseudo-grain material lent positive properties. This is especially surprising since the addition of additives to cellulose pulps, NMMNO and water has the disadvantage that they discolor at the temperature of use, are not stable on storage and introduce impurities into the cellulosic end products.

Furthermore, could be surprising be proved that too by the molding process with an aqueous bath liquid the ionic components incorporated in the fiber composite with the material stay and while the short spinning time does not get into the spinning bath.

in the Connection to the spinning process was from the staple fiber produced the pH according to the DIN Method 54 275 determined. Compared to one not with cereals and pseudo cereals incorporated fiber came with the grain and pseudo-cereal crops fiber to a pH increase, what the dissolving of ionic constituents of the fiber. By this property, associated with body moisture, can the bioactivity the skin when wearing garments are positively influenced.

The fiber according to the invention, can be used, for example, in the textile post-processing of the fiber become.

In spite of the incorporation of a cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material which is rich in iron and metal concentrations, is beneficial no decomposition of a spinning solution from cellulose, NMMNO and water. It has the opposite that turned out the decomposition temperature of such a spinning solution upon the addition of cereal and / or pseudo-grain material even increased. That means that despite Presence of metal ions does not affect the stability of the dope could be observed.

By the incorporation of the cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material and the associated incorporation of metals can therefore also chemical reactions are carried out on the fiber material, like ion exchange processes by the incorporated metal ions (e.g., increasing the hydrogen ion concentration in the fiber material).

One further, the moldings of the invention by the addition of cereal and / or Pseudogetreidenaterialen advantage is the even installation the active ingredients in the fiber matrix in different producible Fiber cross-sections. Furthermore, the processing is as a monofilament or continuous filament yarn possible. This results in a particularly good use in technical Articles.

Especially, when the molding according to the invention from a polymer composition which is exclusively biological contains degradable material, is its complete biodegradability advantageous.

The Moldings according to the invention can be used as Packaging material, fibrous material, nonwovens, nonwoven fabrics, Fiber composites, nonwovens, needlefelt, upholstery, fabrics, Knitted fabrics, as home textiles, such as bed linen, as a filler, flocking fabric, Hospital textiles, such as documents, diapers or mattresses, as Fabric for Thermal blankets, Shoe inserts, as well as wound dressings be used. Other uses are in the dictionary textile interior design, Buch und Medien Verlag Buurmann KG, ISBN 3-98047-440-2 is described.

If from the molding according to the invention in Form of fibers a fabric is made, then this can either exclusively consist of this fiber or contain an additional component. This additional Component may be selected from the group consisting of cotton, lyocell, Rayon, Carbacell, Polyester, Polyamide, Cellulose acetate, Acrylate, Polypropylene or mixtures thereof may be selected. The fibers with a Cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material is preferred in the tissue present in an amount of up to about 70% by weight. The cereal and / or pseudo-cereal material is present in the fabric preferably in an amount of 1 to 10 wt .-%.

If the shaped body according to the invention as Fiber material or tissue is present, garments can be made from it such as sweaters, jackets, dresses, suits, T-shirts, underwear or similar.

The from the fibers according to the invention or woven garments have a high wearing comfort and generally improve the health condition of this clothing carrying individual. The health-improving effect of material from grain and pseudo-grain, in particular from spelled is out the use of whole grains or Spelz as filling materials for pillows and bedding known. Until now, the incorporation was not known this material directly into the fibers.

The fiber according to the invention Gives due to the incorporated elements of the while wearing, due to the body moisture, existing liquid the active ingredients to the body further. Because of the cellulosic material so breathable garments can be made become. Through incorporation, the active ingredients are long in the Fiber or in the tissue even after frequent washing available.

The over the from the fibers according to the invention supplied to existing tissue Trace elements as well as vitamins can the body by the remineralizing, stimulating and warming effect support.

If the fiber of the invention is in the form of staple fibers or crushed filaments, can with these surfaces of carriers, like fabrics or foils, are flocked. This will be the surface of the to flocking carrier treated with an adhesive and then the staple fibers or shredded filaments applied thereto.

below the invention will be explained by way of examples.

example 1

3108 g NMMNO (59.5%), 308 g MoDo, DP 500, dry content 94.4%, 1.8 g propyl gallate (0.58% based on the cellulose content) and 24.6 g spelled cores (Triticum spelta L) (8.3% based on the cellulose content) were mixed and the resulting mixture was heated to 94 ° C. It became a discontinuous prepared spinning solution having a cellulose content of 13.11% and a viscosity of 6,492 Pa · s. The spinning solution thus obtained was spun into fibers while maintaining the following spinning conditions: Temperature of the reservoir = 90 ° C Temperature spinning block, nozzle = 80 ° C spinning bath = 4 ° C Spinning bath concentration (beginning) = 0% (distilled water) Spinning bath concentration (end) = 7% NMMNO (total volume: 18.5 l) spinning pump = 20.0 cm ³ / min. nozzle filters = 19200 M / cm ² Spinning nozzle = 495 hole 70 μm; Au / Pt final image = 30 m / min.

The Fibers were cut to 40 mm staple length Cut solvent-free wash and with a 10 g / l Avivage (50% Leomin OR-50% Leomin WG (nitrogen-containing fatty acid Fa. Clariant GmbH)) at 45 ° C equipped or applied the fat support for better fiber processing and at 105 ° C dried.

in the Connection to the drying was adjusted to a fiber moisture of 10%.

One additional Bleaching before drying was not performed in this case

The Spinning behavior according to this Example obtained spinning solution was good

Of the The following table shows the physical properties of to remove cellulose fibers obtained.

Table 2

Of the 1 It can also be seen that a spinning solution with 8.3% spelled cores (Triticum spelta L), based on the cellulose content to thermal decomposition to about 200 ° C is stable

Example 2

3.540 g NMMNO (62%), 366 g MoDo, DP 500, dry content 94.4%, 2.18 g propyl gallate (0.60% based on the cellulose content) and 3.5 g spelled fur (Triticum spelta L) (1 % based on the cellulose content) were mixed and heated to 94 ° C. There was obtained a spinning solution having a cellulose content of 12.48% and a viscosity of 8.386 Pa · s. The spinning solution thus prepared was as in Example 1 spun into fibers.

The physical properties of the cellulose fibers thus obtained contained in Table 3 below.

Table 3

The thus obtained fibers were spun into a yarn. The spinning was used under conditions of 63% relative humidity and 20 ° C Carding, stretching and spinning with a rotor spinning machine to 75 g of yarn with about 20 tex performed.

Example 3

Out a mixture of 33 wt .-% cellulose, 17 wt .-% sodium hydroxide and 50% by weight of water was added by adding 32% carbon disulfide based on cellulose a cellulose xanthogenate produced. In the connection became the xanthogenate by adding dilute sodium hydroxide in a spinning solution with 6 wt .-% cellulose, 6 wt .-% NaOH and essentially water and Reaction products as a result of xanthate production by 2 hours of stirring transferred. To the thus obtained viscose solution were the spinning solution 0.9 wt .-%, based on the total amount of the spinning solution, material from spelled kernels (Triticum spelta L) added. The viscose solution was allowed to degass for about 6 hours under vacuum and then filtered. The viscose solution thus obtained had a degree of ripeness from 10 ° Hottenroth and was spun into fibers.

The spinning conditions were:

The physical properties of the rayon fibers thus obtained are shown in the table below 4 included.

Table 4

Example 4

It were according to example 3 rayon fibers made, except, that instead 0.9 wt .-% 0.1 wt .-%, based on the total amount of the spinning solution, spelled fur (Triticum spelta L) of the spinning solution were added.

The physical properties of the resulting viscose or rayon Fibers are included in Table 5.

Table 5

Comparative Example 1

When A viscose fiber was prepared according to Example 3, except that no spelled material (Triticum spelta L) was added.

The physical properties of this viscose fiber is in the table 6 included.

Table 6

Example 6

to Preparation of cellulose carbamate was first an alkali cellulose from a chemical pulp 92-95% Alpha content (Ketchikan) produced. From the ripened alcali- cellulose (35 wt% cell, 15 wt% NaOH, 50 wt% water) became the caustic soda Washed out with water. After pressing off the thus activated cellulose (70 wt .-% water) were 10 kg of the pressed-activated cellulose mixed in a kneader with urea (1.5 kg). It dissolves the urea in the water present in the cellulose and distributed evenly in the Cellulose.

These Pulp pulp was placed in a reactor equipped with stirrer and reflux condenser, and in the o-xylene (30 kg) has been submitted, transferred. The reactor contents became then about 2 h at 145 ° C. heated and then filtered off.

Of the thus obtained residue was returned to the reactor, in about 25 kg of water were submitted. The still adhering to the carbamate Xylene was at 88 ° C stripped. After filtration, the carbamate was treated with hot (50 ° C) and cold Washed out water. Thereafter, the carbamate was squeezed.

Out 1.02 kg of these carbamates were mixed with 1.1 kg of sodium hydroxide solution (30% strength by weight), 1.30 kg of water and with the appropriate amount of spelled kernel (Triticum spelta L) (0.03 kg) 3.45 kg strong solution. All reactants were pre-cooled, the reaction itself took place at a temperature of 0 ° C. (Composition of the strong liquor: 11.0% by weight of cell, 9.5% by weight of NaOH)

Out the cooled one strong solution was by the addition of 1.55 kg of cooled sodium hydroxide solution (3.03 wt.%) At a temperature of 0 ° C Made of dope (5 kg). The cooled dope was through Filtered and spun a filter with finenesses of 10-40 microns.

The following spinning conditions were met:

The physical properties of the thus obtained ^® Carbacell fibers are shown in the Table 7 below.

Table 7

Example 7

There were Carbacell ^® fibers as described in Example 6, except that instead of 0.6 wt .-% spelled core (Triticum spelta L) powder 0.1 wt .-% of the spinning mass was added.

The physical properties of the thus obtained Carbacell ^® fibers are shown in Table 8 below.

Table 8

Comparative Example 2

There were Carbacell ^® fibers, prepared as described in Example 5 except that no spelled was (Triticum spelta L) powder is added.

The Physical properties of the fibers thus obtained are the table 9 to remove.

Table 9

Examples 8 to 12

It were lyocell - cellulose fibers continuously according to example 1, the respective amounts, the conditions of continuously guided Method and physical properties of the obtained fibers are listed in Table 10 below.

Table 10

Continuation Table 10

Claims (20)

A polymer composition comprising a biological degradable polymer and a material of cereal and / or pseudo cereals. A polymer composition according to claim 1, wherein the biodegradable polymer is selected from the group consisting made of cellulose, modified cellulose, latex, vegetable protein and animal origin, and mixtures thereof. Polymer composition according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the material of cereals is selected from the group consisting from corn, rice, wheat, barley, millet, oats, rye and triticale and Mixtures thereof. A polymer composition according to claim 3, wherein the Material selected from grain is from the group consisting of spelled, emmer, einkorn and kamut and mixtures thereof. Polymer composition according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the material of pseudo-cereal is selected from the group consisting from amaranth, bado, bay and quinoa and mixtures thereof. Polymer composition according to one of the preceding Claims, the material being cereal and / or pseudo cereals in one Amount of 0.1 to 30 wt .-%, based on the weight of the biological degradable polymer is present. Polymer composition according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the biodegradable polymer is cellulose and the material from grain is wheat. Moldings, comprising a polymer composition according to any of the preceding Claims. moldings according to claim 8, wherein the shaped body selected is from the group consisting of containers, foils, membranes, tissues and fibers. moldings according to claim 9, wherein the fibers are staple fibers, mono- or continuous filaments are. Use of the molding according to one of claims 8 to 10 as packaging material or fiber material. Use of the molding according to one of claims 8 to 10 in the form of fiber material as a mixture component for the production of yarns. Use of the molding according to one of claims 8 to 10 in the form of fiber material for the production of nonwovens or Tissues. Use of the molding according to one of claims 8 to 10 in the form of fiber material for the production of nonwovens or Woven fabrics, wherein in the nonwoven fabric or fabric additionally a component selected from the group consisting of cotton, lyocell, rayon, carbacell, Polyester, polyamide, cellulose acetate, acrylate, polypropylene or Mixtures of which is present. Use of the shaped article according to claim 14, wherein 0 to 30 wt .-% of the additional Component are included. A fabric comprising a molded article according to any one of claims 8 to 10th Nonwoven fabric comprising a molding after one of the claims 8 to 10. Clothing, comprising a shaped body according to one of the claims 8 or 10. A method for producing a shaped article according to one of the claims 8 to 10, comprising the following steps: (A) continuous or discontinuous mixing of the biodegradable polymer and the material of cereals and / or pseudo-cereals, (B) Producing a deformable mass, (C) process the in (B) obtained mass to a shaped body, and (D) aftertreatment the molded body produced. The method of claim 19, wherein a shaped body according to one of the claims 8 to 10 is made.