DE102004025629A1 - Cutting machine for separating e.g. carbide, has proportionally controlled cylinder arranged under cutting head and supporting weight of head by cutting pressure so that pressure remains constant and remains under its limit of destruction - Google Patents

Abstract

The machine has a proportionally controlled cylinder arranged under a cutting head (16) of the machine. The cylinder supports the weight of the head by cutting pressure so that the pressure remains constant and remains under its limit of destruction. A smooth running linear guide rail is provided for vertical movement of the head. An electro mechanical decelerator is fastened to the head and controls lowering of speed of the head.

Description

The The invention relates to a separation machine with electro-pneumatic control and self-dynamic feed rate.

At the Separating easily breakable materials, such as solid carbide, Glass, carbon fiber, etc., it depends, the feed of the cutting head the cross section of the workpiece optimally adapt. If one separates, for example a cylindrical body in cross-section, is the cutting process at the beginning, because of the lower amount of material faster, then decreases with increasing material abundance and after reaching the Cross-section center again continuously. In other words, the Cutting pressure and thus the load for the respective workpiece grows with increasing cross-sectional shape and decreases again in the Lose weight.

These reinforcing, often also sudden Increase in workpiece load Can be used with sensitive workpiece materials to destruction of the workpiece to lead or even makes a separation impossible.

at constant or continuously changing cross-sectional shape, let yourself with a torque controlled computer control of the ripper Remedy. For irregular cross-sectional profile but is that because of the creation of the respective unsteady control function only difficult, inaccurate or not possible.

task Therefore, according to the present invention, it is the feed of the severing machine to change that way that while the entire cutting process given a constant material removal is.

to solution this object, the invention provides that a proportionally controlled Cylinder, which is located below the cutting head of the machine is, the weight of the cutting head with such pressure supports that the adjustable cutting pressure on the workpiece is always constant and below its destructive limit remains. Through these measures can also workpieces made of easily destructible Materials, such as glass containers, Bottles etc. completely destructively in any desired cutting direction just be severed.

The Create more complicated and ultimately the occurring cutting pressure only approximate simulating functions by means of computer, thereby becomes easier Way avoided. In a further embodiment of the invention are for the vertical movement the cutting head smoothly Linear guide rails intended.

Thereby slip-stick effects during the movement are avoided.

According to the invention is also on Cutting head attached to an electromechanical brake, in front of the Impact of the cutting disc located in the cutting head on the Upper part of the workpiece Lowering speed of the cutting head to cutting speed reduced.

at Another embodiment of the invention is used as a cutting tool a band saw used.

These Variant is particularly advantageous when cutting glasses.

Based on 1 - 10 the invention will be explained in more detail.

It demonstrate

1 Perspective view of the cutting device on the left side

2 Perspective view of the cutting device on the right side

3 Perspective view of the cutting unit on the back

4 Rear elevation of the cutting device

5 Right side crack of the cutting device

6 Front view of the cutting device

7 Detail view of 4

8th Section with view of the pneumatic cylinder

9 Perspective view of another embodiment

10 Circuit diagram for the electro-pneumatic control

The cutting head 16 is how it looks 1 - 6 seen from the drive motor 19 , the cutting disc 20 made of hard material, the disc protection 21 and the drive transmission 25 ,

The workpiece to be cut 22 is from the tensioner 23 recorded. The cutting head 16 is with the main body 29 connected. At the base body 29 is also the guide body 28 , the double-acting low-friction cylinder 1 contains.

On the guide body 28 are on two diametrically opposite sides linear guide rails 30 appropriate. These linear guide rails 30 slide on stationary guide elements 33 that the guiding body 28 include U-shaped. To brake the cutting head 16 is located on the main body 29 also another on the brake rod 32 revolving brake unit in the form of a pneumatic lock V4.

In 7 is a part of the leadership body 28 from the view, as in 4 shown shown. This guide body 28 is a four-sided hollow body.

The cut hollow body in 8th shows in its interior the also vertically movable cylinder 1 with its compressed air supply 27 , He must also have a smooth leadership to avoid a breakout force.

While the 1 - 8th an embodiment with a cutting disc 20 as cutting tool shows is in 9 a device according to the same principle of action but with a band saw 34 that of the electric motor 19 is powered, shown. As a workpiece here is a glass 36 shown, which is cut in length. The glass 36 is from the tensioner 35 held. The whole thing is on the machine base 37 , in the interior of which again the guide body 28 with the cylinder 1 located.

The functional description is based on the electropneumatic circuit diagram 10 performed.

After switching on the machine via the valve V0, which is an electrically controlled three-way valve 7 is, both the main pressure, which should be greater than 5 bar, by closing the switch S1, which consists of a pressure switch 14 with spring return, as well as the first manometer 13 and the accumulator pressure of the hydraulic accumulator 10 , which has a storage volume of 5 liters, by closing the switch S2, which also consists of a pressure switch 41 with spring return, via the safety valve 15 to a pressure of 5-6 bar, with the help of the second manometer 40 checked. If the two pressure values are not reached, no release is made to the controller. The hydraulic accumulator 10 is via the pneumatic pressure booster 4 , the check valve 12 and the switches S1, S2 charged. When the two pressures cause release, the valve V3, which is an electronically controlled 3/2-way valve 8th with spring return is, controlled and allows a free working with the proportional valve V2. The proportional valve V2 is an analog-controlled, electro-pneumatic pressure control valve 3 with a proportional magnet and with spring neutral position.

In case of power failure, this safety circuit is activated by de-energizing. Further, upon detection of a negative pressure at the switch S1 in conjunction with switch S2 and valve V3 is achieved that the hydraulic accumulator 10 via valve V3, the unloaded check valve 12 and the adjustable throttle valve 11 can unload and the smooth running cylinder 1 the cutting head 16 brings to the basic position.

is completed the previously described pressure check positive a basic position check of the Machine.

The basic setting of the vertical axis 18 can be recognized by the position of the switches S6 and S7. It is correct when the switch S6 is closed and the switch S7 is open. Also checked is whether the smooth-running cylinder 1 is in the final position. This is the case as soon as the switch S6 is open.

In the end position locks the pawl 38 the cylinder 1 , The effected latching is at the switch position of the switch S4, which is the pawl 38 controls recognizable. The pawl 38 is made by a single-acting cylinder 2 actuated. Is the cylinder 1 not in the working position, this is detected at the switching state of the switch S4.

If the basic setting check of the machine is also OK, the control sequence is started automatically after pressing the start button START, when the hood switch S5 is closed. Through the proportional valve V2, via which the compressed air to the cylinder 1 is fed and controlled, the cylinder 1 briefly raised and waited until the switch S6 outputs a switching pulse.

Subsequently, the pawl 38 through the valve V1, which in turn is a two-way valve 6 is, disengaged. When the switch S4 is open, the cylinder has 1 reached its final position. Now, the proportional valve V2 switches to lowering operation and the switch S3 indicates when the driving operation has started. The valve V1 for the pawl 38 , which is an electrically operated 3/2 way valve 6 is, is switched. When the switch S8 has signaled the imminent arrival of the upper edge of the workpiece, the initial lowering speed is determined by the brake 24 abge slows down and the cutting operation started. If the switch S9 has reported the cut made, the proportional valve V2 switches to upward movement of the cylinder 1 around. In the event of an incorrect setting, the switch S7 signals previously moved too far. When the switch S6 the end position of the cylinder 1 has signaled, the safety cabin switch S5 is released. The messages of the switches S8, S9 are ignored during upward operation.

After this release, the safety cabin can 39 opened to remove the cut material. And if necessary, a new workpiece 22 clamp. Thereafter, the automatic mode can be resumed.

Of the The above-described functional sequence of the vertical guide can be from the point of view of safety for man and machine in five stages, hereinafter referred to as safety circuits.

The first safety circuit checks the operating pressures as follows. Switch S1 checks the main pressure after control. Switch S2 checks whether the memory is filled to the cylinder after failure of the compressed air 1 to move independently upwards.

The second safety circuit checks the mechanical locking in cylinder end position by means of a spring-loaded ratchet cylinder 2 with automatic latching, in conjunction with feedback from the switch S4, when the valve V1 is de-energized or the switch S1 does not report pressure or the switch S2 does not report pressure or the switch S3 is still in division or when switch S4 is not in the rest position.

The third safety circuit checks the mechanical locking of the safety cabin 39 ,

Their opening is only possible when the pawl 38 ent is loaded and the switch S4 releases the safety switch S5, and when the switch S6 the end position of the cylinder 1 reports. The manual opening of the safety cabin 39 This can not be done until the EMERGENCY STOP button is pressed or the power supply is interrupted or there is a sudden pressure drop in the system.

Of the Fourth safety circuit checks the mutual Locking at pressure drop.

If the switch S1 indicates a drop, the power supply of the valve V3 interrupted and brought the cylinder in the end position, at the same time one Stromlosschalten the valves V1, V2, V3 causes.

Of the fifth Safety circuit ensures a lock on a sudden Power failure.

In this case, all valves V0-V4 fall back to neutral, so that then valve V3, the accumulator pressure of the hydraulic accumulator 10 releases and turn the cylinder 1 offset in end position.

All relevant switches that serve safety are mechanical connected to the base frame of the machine and can neither adjusted yet to be manipulated. Furthermore, all safety devices (Switches and cable feeds the Valves) designed for cable break, so they already to the internal Error evaluation can be used on the computer and expand the various securities.

1

Smooth Cylinder, double acting

2

Cylinder, single acting

3

electro-pneumatic Pressure control valve, analogue controlled,

proportional solenoid

4

pneumatic booster

5

pneumatic Locking unit, without safety function

6

3/2 way valve, electrically operated, with spring return

7

3/2 way valve, electrically operated, with spring return

 8th

3/2 way valve, electrically operated, with spring return

9

5/2 way valve, electrically operated, with spring return

10

hydraulic accumulator

11

Throttle valve, adjustable

 12

Check valve, unloaded

13

first manometer

 14

pressure switch

 15

safety valve

 16

cutting head

 17

vertical guide

 18

vertical axis

 19

drive motor

20

cutting wheel

 21

wheel guard

 22

workpiece

 23

jig

 24

brake for cutting head lowering

 25

drive transmission for cutting disc

26

Safety clamping

 27

Compressed air supply

28

Guide body for cylinder

 29

body

30

Linear guide rails

32

brake rod

 33

guide elements

 34

band saw

 35

Further jig

 36

additional workpiece

37

machine base

 38

pawl

 39

safety Enclosure

40

second manometer

41

pressure switch

 42

Piston rod eye

43

pivot for piston rod eye

 S1 ... S9

electrical switch

 V0

3/2 - way valve with spring return

 V1

3/2 - way valve with spring return

 V2

proportional valve

 V3

3/2 - way valve with spring return

 V4

5/2 way valve with spring return

Claims (4)

Separating machine with electro-pneumatic control and inherent dynamic feed rate, characterized in that a proportionally controlled cylinder ( 1 ) located below the cutting head ( 16 ) of the machine is arranged, the weight of the cutting head ( 16 ) is supported with such a pressure that the adjustable cutting pressure on the workpiece ( 22 ) always remains constant and below its destructive limit. Cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that for the vertical movement of the cutting head ( 16 ), smooth-running linear guide rails ( 30 ) are provided. Cutting machine according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that on the cutting head ( 16 ) an electromagnetically controlled brake ( 24 ), which before the impact of the cutting head ( 16 ) located separating disc ( 20 ) on the upper edge of the workpiece ( 22 ) the lowering speed of the cutting head ( 16 ) is reduced to cutting speed. Cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that as a cutting tool a band saw 34 is used.