DE102004023354A1 - Ball Screw - Google Patents
Ball Screw Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102004023354A1 DE102004023354A1 DE102004023354A DE102004023354A DE102004023354A1 DE 102004023354 A1 DE102004023354 A1 DE 102004023354A1 DE 102004023354 A DE102004023354 A DE 102004023354A DE 102004023354 A DE102004023354 A DE 102004023354A DE 102004023354 A1 DE102004023354 A1 DE 102004023354A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- spindle nut
- ball screw
- deflection
- ball
- toothed belt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
- F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
- F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
- F16H25/22—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
- F16H25/2204—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
- F16H25/2214—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls with elements for guiding the circulating balls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0442—Conversion of rotational into longitudinal movement
- B62D5/0445—Screw drives
- B62D5/0448—Ball nuts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
- Y10T74/18568—Reciprocating or oscillating to or from alternating rotary
- Y10T74/18576—Reciprocating or oscillating to or from alternating rotary including screw and nut
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/19642—Directly cooperating gears
- Y10T74/19698—Spiral
- Y10T74/19702—Screw and nut
- Y10T74/19744—Rolling element engaging thread
- Y10T74/19749—Recirculating rolling elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/19642—Directly cooperating gears
- Y10T74/19698—Spiral
- Y10T74/19702—Screw and nut
- Y10T74/19744—Rolling element engaging thread
- Y10T74/19749—Recirculating rolling elements
- Y10T74/19753—Plural independent recirculating element paths
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Pulleys (AREA)
Abstract
Kugelgewindetrieb, mit einer auf einer Spindel (1) aufsetzbaren Spindelmutter (2), an deren Innenumfang eine entlang einer Schraubenlinie ausgebildete Kugelrille (3) einen Lastkanal (8) für Kugeln (5) begrenzt, wobei eine außerhalb der Spindelmutter (2) angeordnete Außenumlenkung (6, 24) vorgesehen ist, die die beiden Enden des Lastkanals (8) endlos miteinander verbindet, um die Kugeln (5) von dem einen Ende zu dem anderen Ende des Lastkanals (8) umzulenken, und wobei ein Antriebsrad auf der Spindelmutter (2) zum Antreiben der Spindelmutter (2) angeordnet ist, wobei die Außenumlenkung (6, 24) zumindest im wesentlichen innerhalb der axialen Erstreckung des Antriebsrades angeordnet ist.Ball screw, with a spindle nut (2) which can be placed on a spindle (1), on whose inner circumference a ball groove (3) formed along a helix defines a load channel (8) for balls (5), wherein an external deflection arranged outside the spindle nut (2) (6, 24) is provided which connects the two ends of the load channel (8) endlessly to deflect the balls (5) from one end to the other end of the load channel (8), and wherein a drive wheel on the spindle nut (8 2) for driving the spindle nut (2) is arranged, wherein the outer deflection (6, 24) is arranged at least substantially within the axial extent of the drive wheel.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Kugelgewindetrieb, der beispielsweise als Komponente einer elektromechanischen Lenkhilfe in Lenkeinrichtungen von Kraftfahrzeugen zum Einsatz kommt.The The present invention relates to a ball screw, for example as a component of an electromechanical power steering in steering devices used by motor vehicles.
Aus
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Kugelgewindetrieb nach den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 anzugeben, der eine axial kürzere Bauweise zulässt. Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Außenumlenkung zumindest im Wesentlichen innerhalb der axialen Erstreckung eines beispielsweise als Zahnrad ausgebildeten Antriebsrades angeordnet ist. In vorteilhafter Weise wird der axiale Platzbedarf des Zahnrades zusätzlich zur Unterbringung der Außenumlenkung genutzt. Auf diese Art und Weise kann der axiale Bauraumbedarf erheblich reduziert werden. Ferner bietet die Umhüllung der Außenumlenkung Schutz vor unerwünschter Einwirkung auf die Außenumlenkung. Insbesondere im Kraftfahrzeugbereich werden kleinbauende Elemente benötigt.task The present invention is to a ball screw after indicate the features of the preamble of claim 1, an axial shorter Construction permits. According to the invention this Task solved by that the outside deflection at least substantially within the axial extent of a arranged for example as a gear formed drive wheel is. Advantageously, the axial space requirement of the gear additionally for accommodating the external deflection used. In this way, the axial space requirement considerably be reduced. Furthermore, the envelope provides the external deflection Protection against unwanted Influence on the external deflection. Especially in the automotive sector are small-scale elements needed.
Vorzugsweise umfasst ein das Antriebsrad bildendes Zahnriemenrad einen mit einer Außenverzahnung versehenen Zahnkranz auf, der einen innerhalb des Zahnriemenrades ausgebildeten Ringraum begrenzt, in dem die Außenumlenkung angeordnet ist. Der Ringraum kann in Umfangsrichtung unterbrochen sein, ist aber vorzugsweise in Umfangsrichtung durchgängig ausgebildet. Derartige Zahnriemenräder lassen sich beispielsweise als Druckgussteile, Spritzgussteile oder auch als Sinterteile ausbilden. Die Außenumlenkung kann dabei als etwa rohrförmiges Element ausgebildet sein, das in diesen Ringraum untergebracht ist.Preferably comprises a drive pulley forming the toothed belt one with a external teeth provided on sprocket, the one inside the timing belt pulley limited annular space formed in which the outer deflection is arranged. The annulus may be interrupted in the circumferential direction, but is preferably formed continuously in the circumferential direction. such toothed wheels can be, for example, as die-cast parts, injection-molded parts or also train as sintered parts. The external deflection can as approximately tubular Element be formed, which is housed in this annulus.
Das Zahnriemenrad kann vorzugsweise mit einer Nabe drehfest auf der Spindelmutter angeordnet sein, wobei der Zahnkranz über einen vorzugsweise an einem axialen Ende des Zahnriemenrades angeordneten Radialsteg fest mit der Nabe verbunden ist. Durch den im Bereich eines axialen Endes angeordneten Radialsteg ist ein ausreichender Ringraum zur Verfügung gestellt, in dem die Außenumlenkung untergebracht werden kann.The Toothed belt wheel may preferably rotatably with a hub on the Spindle nut may be arranged, wherein the ring gear on a preferably arranged at an axial end of the toothed belt wheel Radial web is firmly connected to the hub. By in the area an axial end arranged radial web is sufficient Annullary space available put in which the outside deflection can be accommodated.
Die Außenumlenkung umfasst in bekannter Weise einen Rücklaufkanal für die Kugeln, wobei der Rücklaufkanal mit seinen beiden Enden an die beiden Enden des Lastkanals angeschlossen ist und wobei erfindungsgemäß die Außenumlenkung mehrteilig ausgeführt ist mit einer Teilungsebene entlang und innerhalb des Rücklaufkanals.The external deflector comprises in known manner a return channel for the balls, the return channel with its two ends connected to the two ends of the load channel is and wherein according to the invention the outer deflection executed in several parts is with a dividing plane along and within the return channel.
Der Rücklaufkanal weist einen etwa kreisförmigen Querschnitt auf, wobei die Umlenkteile jeweils mit einer diesen Rücklaufkanal begrenzenden Kugelrille versehen sind. Die Teilung entlang und innerhalb des Rücklaufkanals ermöglicht eine einfache Ausbildung der an der Außenumlenkung vorzusehenden Kugelrillen. Es können beispielsweise einfach ausgebildete Spritzwerkzeuge zum Einsatz kommen, bei denen eine derartige Kugelrille bereits vorgesehen ist. Die Außenumlenkung kann auf diese Art und Weise günstig aus Kunststoff im Spritzverfahren hergestellt werden.Of the Return channel has an approximately circular Cross-section, wherein the deflecting each with a this Return channel limiting ball groove are provided. The division along and within the Return channel allows a simple design of to be provided on the outer deflection ball grooves. It can For example, simply trained injection molds used come, in which such a ball groove is already provided. The external deflection can be cheap in this way made of plastic by injection molding.
In besonders günstiger Weise kann eines der Umlenkteile der mehrteiligen Außenumlenkung einstückig mit dem Antriebsrad ausgebildet sein. Bei dieser erfindungsgemäßen Weiterbildung kann die Teileanzahl reduziert werden. Ein derartiges Zahnrad oder Zahnriemenrad ist vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff im Spritzverfahren hergestellt.In especially cheaper Way can one of the deflecting parts of the multipart outer deflection one piece be formed with the drive wheel. In this development of the invention The number of parts can be reduced. Such a gear or Toothed belt wheel is preferably made of plastic by injection molding produced.
Die Außenumlenkung kann alternativ als vom Zahnrad getrenntes Umlenkelement vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff ausgeführt sein, wobei die Umlenkteile des Umlenkelementes form-, oder kraft- oder stoffschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind.The external deflector may alternatively be as separated from the gear deflection element made of plastic be, wherein the deflecting parts of the deflecting form, or force or cohesively connected to each other.
Zur einwandfreien Positionierung des Umlenkelementes in dem Ringraum kann es zweckmäßig sein, das Umlenkelement in eine Vergussmasse einzubetten. Der Ringraum wird mit der Vergussmasse gefüllt, so daß das Umlenkelement von der Vergussmasse mehr oder minder eingehüllt ist. Nach Aushärten der Vergussmasse ist eine einwandfreie Positionierung des Umlenkelementes gegenüber der Spindelmutter gewährleistet. Die Vergussmasse kann beispielsweise ein Kunststoff sein. Die Vergussmasse kann so gewählt werden, dass eine anzustrebende Geräuschdämpfung verbessert wird. Wenn beispielsweise das Zahnrad oder das Zahnriemenrad aus Stahl gebildet ist, trägt eine entsprechend ausgewählte Vergussmasse dazu bei, Schwingungsübertragungen zu dämpfen. Anstelle einer Vergussmasse kann auch ein Schaum mit dauerelastischen Eigenschaften nach dessen Aushärtung verwendet werden.For proper positioning of the deflecting in the annulus it may zweckmä Be lar, embed the deflector in a potting compound. The annular space is filled with the potting compound, so that the deflecting element is more or less enveloped by the potting compound. After curing of the potting compound, a perfect positioning of the deflecting element with respect to the spindle nut is ensured. The potting compound may for example be a plastic. The potting compound can be chosen so that an aspired noise attenuation is improved. For example, if the gear or timing pulley is formed of steel, a properly selected potting compound will help to dampen vibration transmissions. Instead of a potting compound and a foam with permanently elastic properties can be used after curing.
Die Zahl der Teile kann weiter reduziert werden, wenn die Spindelmutter an ihrem Außenumfang mit einer einstückig angeformten Kugelrille versehen ist, um die Spindelmutter mittels eines Radialkugellagers radial zu lagern. Auf einen separaten Innenring des Radialkugellagers kann dann verzichtet werden.The Number of parts can be further reduced when the spindle nut on its outer circumference with one piece molded ball groove is provided to the spindle nut means to store a radial ball bearing radially. On a separate inner ring of the Radial ball bearings can then be dispensed with.
Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand von 2 in insgesamt 6 Figuren abgebildeten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:below The invention is illustrated by means of 2 in a total of 6 figures embodiments explained in more detail. It demonstrate:
Der
in den
Innerhalb
der Außenumlenkung
Auf
der Spindelmutter
Der
Das
Zahnriemenrad
Die
Außenumlenkung
In
den
Dadurch,
dass die Teilungsebene T entlang und innerhalb des Rücklaufkanals
Bei
dem Ausführungsbeispiel
gemäß
Die
Spindelmutter
Während bei
diesem Ausführungsbeispiel das
Umlenkelement
Bei
diesem erfindungsgemäßen Kugelgewindetrieb
ist auf der Spindelmutter
- 11
- Spindelspindle
- 22
- Spindelmutterspindle nut
- 33
- Kugelrilleball groove
- 44
- Kugelrilleball groove
- 55
- Kugelnroll
- 66
- Außenumlenkungexternal deflector
- 77
- RücklaufkanalReturn channel
- 88th
- LastkanalLast channel
- 99
- Zahnriemenradtoothed belt
- 1010
- Außenverzahnungexternal teeth
- 1111
- Zahnkranzsprocket
- 1212
- Ringraumannulus
- 1313
- Nabehub
- 1414
- Radialstegradial web
- 1515
- Umlenkelementdeflecting
- 1616
- Umlenkteildeflecting
- 1717
- Umlenkteildeflecting
- 1818
- Stiftpen
- 1919
- Ausnehmungrecess
- 2020
- Vergussmassepotting compound
- 2121
- RadialrillenkugellagerRadial ball bearing
- 2222
- Kugelrilleball groove
- 2323
- Zahnriemenradtoothed belt
- 23a23a
- Ringraumannulus
- 2424
- Außenumlenkungexternal deflector
- 2525
- Umlenkelementdeflecting
- 2626
- Umlenkteildeflecting
- 2727
- Umlenkteildeflecting
- 2828
- RücklaufkanalReturn channel
- 2929
- Kugelrilleball groove
- 3030
- Kugelrilleball groove
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004023354A DE102004023354A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2004-05-12 | Ball Screw |
EP05009655A EP1596100B1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2005-05-03 | Ball screw drive |
DE502005002610T DE502005002610D1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2005-05-03 | Ball Screw |
US11/122,384 US7357048B2 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2005-05-05 | Ball screw drive |
JP2005138856A JP4703255B2 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2005-05-11 | Ball screw drive |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004023354A DE102004023354A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2004-05-12 | Ball Screw |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102004023354A1 true DE102004023354A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
Family
ID=34936068
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004023354A Withdrawn DE102004023354A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2004-05-12 | Ball Screw |
DE502005002610T Active DE502005002610D1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2005-05-03 | Ball Screw |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE502005002610T Active DE502005002610D1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2005-05-03 | Ball Screw |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7357048B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1596100B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4703255B2 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102004023354A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007006321A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 | 2008-08-14 | Schaeffler Kg | Ball screw, has spindle nut with two individual nuts that are screwable against each other, where spindle nut is movable into ball thread and support bearing by screwing individual nuts |
DE102008047204A1 (en) | 2008-09-15 | 2010-04-15 | Volkswagen Ag | Ball screw for use in electromechanical steering gears in vehicle construction, comprises spindle and screw nut, which stay in contact by balls, in order to enable transformation of rotation of spindle into axial movement of screw nut |
EP2221506A1 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-08-25 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Recirculation member for ball screw drive |
DE102009016199B4 (en) | 2009-04-03 | 2019-05-09 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Ball nut and ball screw |
CN115135560A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2022-09-30 | 蒂森克虏伯普利斯坦股份公司 | Adjusting drive for a steering column and steering column for a motor vehicle |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004023353A1 (en) * | 2004-05-12 | 2005-12-08 | Ina-Schaeffler Kg | Ball Screw |
US20060048592A1 (en) * | 2004-09-09 | 2006-03-09 | Ung Tom T | Damping nut for screw-driven mechanism |
US20080156923A1 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-03 | Burch Wade F | Rotatable Spool For Winding Cords or Hoses |
US8955404B2 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2015-02-17 | Hiwin Technologies Corp | Ball screw module |
DE102009031711A1 (en) * | 2009-07-04 | 2011-01-05 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Ball nut of a ball screw drive |
CN102042465A (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-05-04 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Electronic equipment and rotation device thereof |
TWI385333B (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2013-02-11 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | Electronic device and rotation apparatus thereof |
US8640564B2 (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2014-02-04 | Hiwin Technologies Corp. | Circulation element for ball screw |
DE102013207618B4 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2017-05-18 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Spindle nut and associated ball screw |
DE102015013648A1 (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-04-27 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Ball return with axially mountable mounting sleeve |
DE102016007542A1 (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2017-12-28 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Ball screw drive of an electromechanical power steering with deflecting body for a ball return |
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-
2004
- 2004-05-12 DE DE102004023354A patent/DE102004023354A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-05-03 DE DE502005002610T patent/DE502005002610D1/en active Active
- 2005-05-03 EP EP05009655A patent/EP1596100B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-05 US US11/122,384 patent/US7357048B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-11 JP JP2005138856A patent/JP4703255B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
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DE3808989C2 (en) * | 1987-03-18 | 1990-07-12 | Hiroshi Tokio/Tokyo Jp Teramachi | |
DE3814061C2 (en) * | 1988-03-05 | 1991-12-19 | Hiroshi Tokio/Tokyo Jp Teramachi | |
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DE102007006321B4 (en) | 2007-02-08 | 2019-01-31 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Ball Screw |
DE102008047204A1 (en) | 2008-09-15 | 2010-04-15 | Volkswagen Ag | Ball screw for use in electromechanical steering gears in vehicle construction, comprises spindle and screw nut, which stay in contact by balls, in order to enable transformation of rotation of spindle into axial movement of screw nut |
EP2221506A1 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-08-25 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Recirculation member for ball screw drive |
DE102009016199B4 (en) | 2009-04-03 | 2019-05-09 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Ball nut and ball screw |
CN115135560A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2022-09-30 | 蒂森克虏伯普利斯坦股份公司 | Adjusting drive for a steering column and steering column for a motor vehicle |
CN115135560B (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2024-04-16 | 蒂森克虏伯普利斯坦股份公司 | Adjustment drive for a steering column and steering column for a motor vehicle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20050252320A1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
EP1596100A3 (en) | 2006-09-13 |
JP4703255B2 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
DE502005002610D1 (en) | 2008-03-13 |
EP1596100B1 (en) | 2008-01-23 |
US7357048B2 (en) | 2008-04-15 |
EP1596100A2 (en) | 2005-11-16 |
JP2005326010A (en) | 2005-11-24 |
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