DE102004012703A1 - Wind power plant has two or more vertically disposed rotor blades which with rigidly connected toothed belt wheels are arranged concentrically, symmetrically and rotatably on outer race of wire race ball bearing - Google Patents

Wind power plant has two or more vertically disposed rotor blades which with rigidly connected toothed belt wheels are arranged concentrically, symmetrically and rotatably on outer race of wire race ball bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102004012703A1
DE102004012703A1 DE200410012703 DE102004012703A DE102004012703A1 DE 102004012703 A1 DE102004012703 A1 DE 102004012703A1 DE 200410012703 DE200410012703 DE 200410012703 DE 102004012703 A DE102004012703 A DE 102004012703A DE 102004012703 A1 DE102004012703 A1 DE 102004012703A1
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Prior art keywords
toothed belt
rotor blades
angle
wind
rotor
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DE200410012703
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German (de)
Inventor
Lothar Haehner
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Hahner Lothar Dipl-Ing
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Hahner Lothar Dipl-Ing
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/066—Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
    • F03D3/067—Cyclic movements
    • F03D3/068—Cyclic movements mechanically controlled by the rotor structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/402—Transmission of power through friction drives
    • F05B2260/4021—Transmission of power through friction drives through belt drives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The wind power plant has two or more vertically disposed rotor blades (a,b,c) which with rigidly connected toothed belt wheels (1-3) are arranged concentrically, symmetrically and rotatably on the outer race (4) of a wire race ball bearing, and this is designated as a platform. The inner race (5) of the bearing supports a toothed belt wheel (6) which has half the diameter of the other toothed belt wheels and the position of which depends upon wind direction and strength. All the wheels are wrapped by a toothed belt (7) so that the direction of rotation is in the same sense. With a positive rotation of the platform by a determined angle (alpha ) the rotor blades are turned by half (alpha /2) this angle. The rotor blades are orientated so that with a determined angle (delta ) between the rotor axes the angle of attack (delta /2) is half this angle.

Description

Windkraftanlagen mit vertikaler Rotorachse werden meist als Widerstandsläufer ausgeführt. Dabei wird, wie vom Savonius-Rotor bekannt, ein Antriebsmoment dadurch erzeugt, dass eine Seite des Rotorblattes konkave Form und die andere Seite konvexe Form aufweist. Die unterschiedlichen Formwiderstandswerte bewirken, dass sich das nutzbare Drehmoment als Differenz zwischen rechts- und linksdrehenden Moment ergibt. Zudem schwankt das Drehmoment bei der Rotation des Systems zwischen 0 und einem maximalen Wert. Durch einseitige Abdeckung oder Leitbleche, die sich der jeweiligen Windrichtung anpassen, versucht man den grundsätzlichen Nachteil dieser Systeme zu kompensieren.Wind turbines with vertical rotor axis are usually designed as resistance runner. In doing so, as known from the Savonius rotor, generates a drive torque thereby that one side of the rotor blade is concave in shape and the other side has convex shape. The different shape resistance values cause the usable torque as the difference between right and left turning moment results. In addition, the torque varies at the rotation of the system between 0 and a maximum value. By one-sided cover or baffles, depending on the wind direction adapt, one tries the fundamental disadvantage of these systems to compensate.

Darstellung der Erfindungpresentation the invention

Der im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung liegt eine Windkraftanlage mit vertikal angeordneten Rotorblättern zu Grunde, die ohne Andeckungen oder Leitbleche auskommt. Die in 1 dargestellte Version mit drei Rotorblättern soll Gegenstand der Beschreibung sein.The specified in claim 1 invention is based on a wind turbine with vertically arranged rotor blades, which manages without covers or baffles. In the 1 illustrated version with three rotor blades should be the subject of the description.

Die Zahnriemenräder 1, 2, 3 mit den starr verbundenen Rotorblättern a, b, c sind konzentrisch, symmetrisch und drehbar auf dem Außenring 4 eines Drahtkugellagers, der Plattform der Windkraftanlage, angeordnet.The toothed belt wheels 1 . 2 . 3 with the rigidly connected rotor blades a, b, c are concentric, symmetrical and rotatable on the outer ring 4 a wire ball bearing, the platform of the wind turbine, arranged.

In der in 1 dargestellten Grundstellung sind die Rotorblätter a, b, c so ausgerichtet, dass bei einem Winkel δ zwischen zwei Rotorachsen, der Anstellwinkel eines Blattes δ/2 beträgt und Rotorblatt a rechtwinklig zur Windrichtung steht.In the in 1 illustrated basic position, the rotor blades a, b, c are aligned so that at an angle δ between two rotor axes, the angle of attack of a blade is δ / 2 and rotor blade a is perpendicular to the wind direction.

Im Zentrum des Systems befindet sich ein Zahnriemenrad 5 auf der Achse eines nicht dargestellten Windrichtungsgebers, das gegenüber den Zahnriemenrädern 1, 2, 3 den halben Durchmesser aufweist und von dem Windrichtungsgeber bei Änderung der Windrichtung um den Winkel β gleichläufig wie die Zahnriemenräder 1,2,3 verstellt wird, wodurch sich die Rotorblätter a, b, c um β/2 verstellen.At the center of the system is a toothed belt wheel 5 on the axis of a wind direction sensor, not shown, opposite to the toothed belt wheels 1 . 2 . 3 having half the diameter and of the wind direction sensor when changing the wind direction by the angle β in the same direction as the toothed belt wheels 1 . 2 . 3 is adjusted, whereby the rotor blades a, b, c adjusted by β / 2.

Das Umlenkrad 8 ist auf dem Außenring 4 so angeordnet, dass am Zahnriemenrad 5 ausreichend Zähne des Zahnriemens 7 im Eingriff sind.The diverter wheel 8th is on the outer ring 4 arranged so that on the toothed belt wheel 5 sufficient teeth of the toothed belt 7 are engaged.

Bei Windeinwirkung aus 0° auf Rotorblatt a wird der Außenring 4 in positiver Richtung am den Winkel α gedreht. Da das Zahnriemenrad 5 feststeht, bewegen sich die Rotorachsen mit den Rotorblättern um den Winkel -α/2 d.h. in entgegengesetzter Richtung in die gestrichelt gezeichnete Lage.At wind action from 0 ° on rotor blade a the outer ring becomes 4 rotated in the positive direction at the angle α. Because the timing belt wheel 5 is fixed, move the rotor axes with the rotor blades by the angle -α / 2, ie in the opposite direction in the dashed line position.

Nach einer Drehung des Außenringes 4 im den Winkel δ befindet sich das Rotorblatt b in der ursprünglichen Stellung des Rotorblattes a und steht wieder senkrecht zum Wind.After a rotation of the outer ring 4 in the angle δ is the rotor blade b in the original position of the rotor blade a and is again perpendicular to the wind.

Ändert sich die Windrichtung um den Winkel β, bewegen sich die Rotorblätter im gleichen Drehsinn um den Winkel β/2. Bei β = 90° steht Rotorblatt b parallel und Rotorblatt c senkrecht zur Windrichtung. Das Antriebsmoment wirkt wieder in der gleichen Richtung, also linksdrehend.Changes the wind direction around the angle β, the rotor blades move in the same direction of rotation by the angle β / 2. At β = 90 ° rotor blade b is parallel and rotor blade c perpendicular to the wind direction. The drive torque acts again in the same direction, thus turning left.

Werden die Rotorblätter a, b, c als rechteckige Platten mit dem Seitenverhältnis s = h/b ausgeführt, würde bei s = ∞ der Widerstandsbeiwert ω = 2,01 betragen und bei einem realistischen Wert von s = 10 ist ω = 1,29.Become the rotor blades a, b, c as rectangular plates with the aspect ratio s = h / b would be executed at s = ∞ the Resistance coefficient ω = 2.01, and at a realistic value of s = 10, ω = 1.29.

Geht man von folgenden Werten aus: Rotorblatthöhe h = 20 m Rotorblattbreite b = 2 m Rotorblattfläche F = 20·2 = 40 m2 Dichte der Luft ρ = 1,225 kg/m3 Windgeschwindigkeit v = 8 m/sec errechnet sich die Leistung eines Rotorblattes mit

Figure 00020001
Assuming the following values: Rotor blade height h = 20 m Blade width b = 2 m Rotor blade surface F = 20 × 2 = 40 m 2 Density of the air ρ = 1.225 kg / m 3 wind speed v = 8 m / sec Calculates the performance of a rotor blade with
Figure 00020001

Bei einer jährlichen Windverteilung nach folgendem Diagramm, beträgt die Windernte ca. 120000 KWh. Dies entspricht dem Jahresenergiebedarf einer Siedlung mit 20 Einfamilienhäusern mit je 150 m2 Wohnfläche.With an annual wind distribution according to the following diagram, the wind harvest is about 120000 KWh. This corresponds to the annual energy demand of a settlement with 20 single-family houses with 150 m 2 living space each.

Figure 00020002
Figure 00020002

Der Flächenbedarf einer solchen Windkraftanlage beträgt ca. 5 m2. Damit ist dieser Anlagentyp besonders geeignet für stark besiedelte Gebiete. Wegen seines geringen Geräuschpegels und der kleinen Grundfläche ist er auch als Dachvariante nutzbar.The space requirement of such a wind turbine is about 5 m 2 . This makes this type of system particularly suitable for heavily populated areas. Because of its low noise level and small footprint, it can also be used as a roof variant.

Durch die Konzentration der Massen von Plattform, Generator und Getriebe in der Nähe des Fundamentes ergibt sich eine leichte und kostengünstige Konstruktion.By the concentration of the masses of platform, generator and transmission near The foundation results in a lightweight and inexpensive construction.

Claims (2)

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Windkraftanlage mit zwei oder mehr vertikal angeordneten Rotorblättern, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass: a) die Rotorblätter a, b, c mit den starr verbundenen Zahnriemenrädern 1, 2, 3 konzentrisch, symmetrisch und drehbar auf dem Außenring 4 eines Drahtkugellagers angeordnet sind, die als Plattform bezeichnet wird, b) der mit dem Fundament verbundene Innenring 5 ein Zahnriemenrad 6 trägt, das den halben Durchmesser der Zahnriemenräder 1, 2, 3 besitzt, c) die Stellung von Zahnriemenrad 6 von Windrichtung und Windstärke abhängig ist, d) die Zahnriemenräder 1, 2, 3, 6 von einem Zahnriemen 7 so umschlungen sind, dass die Drehrichtung gleichsinnig ist. e) bei einer positiven Drehung der Plattform um den Winkel α die Rotorblätter a, b, c um einen Winkel -α/2 gedreht werden. f) die Rotorblätter a, b, c so ausgerichtet sind, dass bei einem Winkel δ zwischen zwei Rotorachsen, der Anstellwinkel eines Blattes δ/2 beträgt.The invention relates to a wind turbine with two or more vertically arranged rotor blades, characterized in that: a) the rotor blades a, b, c with the rigidly connected toothed belt wheels 1 . 2 . 3 concentric, symmetrical and rotatable on the outer ring 4 a wire ball bearing are arranged, which is referred to as a platform, b) the inner ring connected to the foundation 5 a toothed belt wheel 6 that carries half the diameter of the toothed belt wheels 1 . 2 . 3 has, c) the position of the toothed belt wheel 6 depends on wind direction and wind strength, d) the toothed belt wheels 1 . 2 . 3 . 6 from a toothed belt 7 are looped so that the direction of rotation is in the same direction. e) with a positive rotation of the platform by the angle α, the rotor blades a, b, c are rotated by an angle -α / 2. f) the rotor blades a, b, c are aligned so that at an angle δ between two rotor axes, the angle of attack of a sheet is δ / 2. Windkraftanlage nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass: g) Zahnriemenrad 6 von einem Windrichtungsgeber verstellt wird und bei einer Änderung der Windrichtung um den Winkel β sich die Rotorblätter a, b, c um den Winkel β/2, gleichläufig wie Zahnriemenrad 6, verstellen. h) durch Drehung des Zahnriemenrades 6 um 90° gegenüber der Windrichtung, die Rotorblätter a, b, c so verstellt werden, dass zwei Rotorblätter pfeilförmig in den Wind zeigen, das dritte Rotorblatt parallel zur Windrichtung steht und das Rotorsystem ohne zusätzliche Bremskräfte zum Stillstand kommt.Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: g) toothed belt wheel 6 is adjusted by a wind direction sensor and a change in the wind direction by the angle β, the rotor blades a, b, c by the angle β / 2, the same as the toothed belt 6 , adjust. h) by rotation of the toothed belt wheel 6 by 90 ° relative to the wind direction, the rotor blades a, b, c are adjusted so that two rotor blades arrow-shaped pointing in the wind, the third rotor blade is parallel to the wind direction and the rotor system comes to a standstill without additional braking forces ,
DE200410012703 2004-03-16 2004-03-16 Wind power plant has two or more vertically disposed rotor blades which with rigidly connected toothed belt wheels are arranged concentrically, symmetrically and rotatably on outer race of wire race ball bearing Withdrawn DE102004012703A1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006002137A1 (en) * 2006-01-17 2007-07-19 Schiel, Katja Rotational sail II
WO2009024127A3 (en) * 2007-08-17 2009-04-23 Aquapower Gmbh Rotation device
WO2011148133A3 (en) * 2010-05-28 2012-03-08 Airborne Energy Limited Vertical axis wind turbine

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006002137A1 (en) * 2006-01-17 2007-07-19 Schiel, Katja Rotational sail II
US8167544B2 (en) 2006-01-17 2012-05-01 Aquapower Gmbh Rotating device to be used in a fluid
WO2009024127A3 (en) * 2007-08-17 2009-04-23 Aquapower Gmbh Rotation device
WO2011148133A3 (en) * 2010-05-28 2012-03-08 Airborne Energy Limited Vertical axis wind turbine

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