DE102004010539A1 - Assembly for the production of methane from a biomass, has a fermenting tube linked to a gas storage cushion in a container to supply a gas Otto motor in a further container to generate heat and electricity - Google Patents

Assembly for the production of methane from a biomass, has a fermenting tube linked to a gas storage cushion in a container to supply a gas Otto motor in a further container to generate heat and electricity Download PDF

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DE102004010539A1
DE102004010539A1 DE102004010539A DE102004010539A DE102004010539A1 DE 102004010539 A1 DE102004010539 A1 DE 102004010539A1 DE 102004010539 A DE102004010539 A DE 102004010539A DE 102004010539 A DE102004010539 A DE 102004010539A DE 102004010539 A1 DE102004010539 A1 DE 102004010539A1
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gas
container
fermentation
production
biomass
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DE102004010539B4 (en
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Helmut Kocanek
Clemens Scholz
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EVS EN VERSORGUNGS SERVICE
EVS ENERGIE-VERSORGUNGS-SERVICE
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EVS EN VERSORGUNGS SERVICE
EVS ENERGIE-VERSORGUNGS-SERVICE
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/107—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with means for collecting fermentation gases, e.g. methane
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/36—Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
    • C12M43/08—Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices or plants for production of electricity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)

Abstract

The assembly to produce a methane gas for generating electricity, from a biomass, has a heated fermenting tube (1) with a gas collection system (2), and a container with a gas storage cushion to hold the biogas (12). A second container holds a gas Otto motor with a generator to produce heat and energy with hot water recirculation (13,14). The heating has a recirculation flow (3,4).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anlage zur Gewinnung von Methangas durch eine Trockenfermentation im Gärschlauch zur Erzeugung von Elektroenergie und Wärme mittels eines Blockheizkraftwerkes (BHKW) in einer Vergärungsanlage.The The invention relates to a plant for the production of methane gas a dry fermentation in the fermentation hose for the production of electric energy and heat by means of a combined heat and power plant (CHP) in a fermentation plant.

Anlagen zur Erzeugung von Methangas aus Biomasse aus der Landwirtschaft oder aus Bioabfällen sind bekannt. Diese sind zur schnelleren Prozessdurchführung mit Heizeinrichtungen versehen.Attachments for the production of methane gas from biomass from agriculture or from biowaste are known. These are for faster process execution with Provided heaters.

So wird in der DE 100 34 279 A1 ein Bioreaktor beschrieben, wo eine Heizeinrichtung nach Art der Fußbodenheizung in die Bodenplatte des Faulbehälters integriert ist.So will in the DE 100 34 279 A1 a bioreactor described where a heater is integrated in the bottom plate of the digester in the manner of underfloor heating.

In der DE 197 46 636 A1 wird ebenfalls eine Heizeinrichtung im Boden des Reaktionsbehälters vorgesehen.In the DE 197 46 636 A1 a heater is also provided in the bottom of the reaction vessel.

Die DE 35 26 820 A1 beschreibt eine Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Biogas, die aus einem beheizbaren Behälter mit quadratischen oder rechteckigen Querschnitt besteht, wobei die Wärmeüberträger quer und parallel zur Substratströmungsrichtung angeordnet sind.The DE 35 26 820 A1 describes a device for generating biogas, which consists of a heatable container with a square or rectangular cross-section, wherein the heat exchanger are arranged transversely and parallel to the substrate flow direction.

Alle genannten Einrichtungen sind für stationäre Anlagen konzipiert und eignen sich nicht für den Einsatz in mobilen Biogasanlagen der erfindungsgemäßen Art.All mentioned facilities are for stationary Systems designed and are not suitable for use in mobile biogas plants the type of the invention.

Aus der DE 197 44 653 A1 ist eine Anlage zur Erzeugung von Biogas bekannt, bei welchem der Methanreaktor als selbst tragende Konstruktion ausgebildet ist. Sämtliche für den Betrieb der Anlage erforderlichen Module werden integriert, so dass eine gewisse Mobilität erreicht werden kann, die aber noch kostenintensiv ist.From the DE 197 44 653 A1 is known a plant for the production of biogas, in which the methane reactor is designed as a self-supporting construction. All the modules required for the operation of the system are integrated, so that a certain mobility can be achieved, but this is still cost-intensive.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine kostengünstige portable, also transportable und umsetzbare, Anlage zur Gewinnung von Methangas zur Erzeugung von Elektroenergie aus Biomasse zu schaffen.It The object of the invention is a cost-effective portable, that is transportable and implementable, plant for the production of methane gas of electric energy from biomass.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Patenanspruch 1 genannten Merkmale gelöst.These Task is solved by the features mentioned in claim 1.

Die Unteransprüche betreffen bevorzugte Ausführungsformen.The under claims relate to preferred embodiments.

Durch das Befüllen eines PC-Schlauches mit Grünschnitt und anschließendem Verschließen wird durch den biologischen Vorgang der Trockenfermentation Biogas erzeugt. Der Vorgang erfolgt anaerob und thermophil.By the filling a PC hose with a green section and then close becomes biogas through the biological process of dry fermentation generated. The process is anaerobic and thermophilic.

Das Füllgut wurde vor dem Einbringen in den Schlauch mit vorhandenem Gärsubstrat vermischt. Die bereits im Substrat vorhandenen Mikroorganismen setzen die Vergärung des Grünschnittes schneller in Gang.The filling was prior to insertion into the tube with existing fermentation substrate mixed. The microorganisms already present in the substrate set the fermentation of the green section faster.

Durch die zusätzliche Erwärmung des Gärgutes wird die Produktion von Biogas erheblich angeregt.By the extra warming of the digestate the production of biogas is significantly stimulated.

Durch diese beiden letztgenannten Maßnahmen wird die Ausbeute an Biogas aus der Füllmenge erheblich gesteigert.By these last two measures the yield of biogas from the filling quantity is considerably increased.

Das im Gärschlauch erzeugte Biogas wird durch ein Gassammelsystem in einen Foliespeicher geleitet. Der Speicher dient zur Kompensation von Schwankungen in der Gaserzeugung. Dadurch kann eine zusätzliche Belastung des BHKW vermieden werden.The in the fermentation hose generated biogas is passed through a gas collection system in a film storage. The memory is used to compensate for fluctuations in gas production. This can be an additional Load of the CHP can be avoided.

Vom Speicher wird das Biogas zum Motor geleitet. Diesem dient das Gas als Treibstoff um den Generator zur Stromerzeugung zu bewegen.from Storage, the biogas is directed to the engine. This serves the gas as a fuel to move the generator to generate electricity.

Die erzeugte Elektroenergie wird in das Netz des Regionalversorgers eingespeist.The generated electrical energy is transferred to the network of the regional supplier fed.

Die bei der Arbeit des Motors entstehende Wärmeenergie wird durch einen Wärmetauscher dem Heizsystem des PE-Schlauches zugeführt.The at the work of the engine resulting heat energy is by a Heat exchanger the Heating system supplied to the PE hose.

Der Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass durch die gewählte Kombination der einzelnen Anlagenkomponenten ein portabler Einsatz der Biogasanlage erfolgt und direkt am Einspeisepunkt des Energieregionalversorgers benutzt werden kann.Of the Advantage of the invention is that by the chosen combination the individual plant components a portable use of the biogas plant and directly at the feed-in point of the energy regional supplier can be used.

Durch die geringe Entfernung vom Anlagenstandort zu den Anbauflächen ist der Transportaufwand und somit die Umweltbelastung entsprechend niedrig. Das gilt nicht nur für die Anlieferung des Gärgutes, sondern auch für den Abtransport des nach Abschluss des Gärvorganges anfallenden Düngers.By the small distance from the plant location to the cultivated areas is the transport costs and thus the environmental impact correspondingly low. This does not just apply to the delivery of the digestate, for .... As well the removal of the resulting after completion of the fermentation fertilizer.

Wird die transportable und umsetzbare, also portable Biogasanlage in unmittelbarer Nähe einer Windkraftanlage installiert, kann die Einspeiseeinrichtung der Windkraftanlage von beiden genutzt werden.Becomes the transportable and implementable, so portable biogas plant in in close proximity to a wind turbine installed, the feed device can the wind turbine can be used by both.

Die wirtschaftlichste und ökologisch beste Einspeiselösung stellt die Kombination verschiedener alternativer Energieerzeugungen an einem Einspeisepunkt dar.The most economical and ecological best feed solution represents the combination of different alternative energy generations at a feed point.

Der Anlagenstandort ist lediglich durch einen Festpunkt, den Einspeisepunkt des Regionalversorgers, beschränkt.The plant location is only by a Fixed point, the entry point of the regional supplier.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert.One embodiment The invention is explained below with reference to drawings.

Es zeigt:It shows:

1 Gärschlauch 1 Gärschlauch

2 Container für Speicher und Elektroenergieerzeugung 2 Container for storage and electric power generation

Die äußere Hülle des Gärschlauches 1 besteht aus PE-Folie mit einem Durchmesser von 2.000 bis 3.000 mm. Die Länge des Schlauches wird aus technologischen Gründen auf 100 mm begrenzt. Beide Enden sind mit Abschlussschienen verschlossen.The outer shell of the fermentation tube 1 consists of PE foil with a diameter of 2,000 to 3,000 mm. The length of the hose is limited to 100 mm for technological reasons. Both ends are closed with end rails.

Im oberen Teil des Gärschlauches 1 befindet sich das Gassammelsystem 2, das aus einem gasdurchlässigen, flexiblen PE-Rohr besteht und gasdicht aus dem PE-Schlauch geführt wird. Zur Beheizung des Gärgutes sind im Gärschlauch 1 zwei Heizregister 3, 4 aus flexiblem PE-Rohr so angeordnet, dass diese vom Gärgut umschlossen sind.In the upper part of the fermentation tube 1 is the gas collection system 2 , which consists of a gas-permeable, flexible PE pipe and is guided gas-tight from the PE hose. For heating the digestate are in the fermentation hose 1 two heating registers 3 . 4 made of flexible PE pipe arranged so that they are enclosed by the digestate.

Die Heizregister 3, 4 werden gasdicht aus dem Gärschlauch 1 geführt.The heating registers 3 . 4 become gas-tight from the fermentation hose 1 guided.

Der Container für Speicher und Energieerzeugung besteht aus einem Container ohne Dach 10 und einem Container mit Dach 11. Im Container ohne Dach 10 befindet sich das Gasspeicherkissen 5. Dieses besteht aus PE-Folie. Beide Enden des Gasspeicherkissens 5 sind mit Abschlussschienen verschlossen. Der Anschlussstutzen des Gassammelsystems 2 sowie die Gasleitung zum Blockheizkraftwerk werden gasdicht in das Gasspeicherkissen 5 eingebunden.The container for storage and power generation consists of a container without a roof 10 and a container with a roof 11 , In the container without roof 10 is the gas storage cushion 5 , This consists of PE film. Both ends of the gas storage cushion 5 are closed with cover rails. The connecting piece of the gas collection system 2 and the gas line to the combined heat and power plant are gas-tight in the gas storage cushion 5 involved.

Im Container mit Dach 11 sind der Wärmetauscher 6, der Gasmotor 7, der Generator 8 und die Energierückspeiseeinrichtung 9 so angeordnet, dass das im Gärschlauch 1 erzeugte Biogas 12 nach mehreren Verfahrensschritten in Elektroenergie umgewandelt ist.In the container with roof 11 are the heat exchanger 6 , the gas engine 7 , the generator 8th and the energy recovery device 9 so arranged that in the fermentation hose 1 generated biogas 12 after several process steps is converted into electrical energy.

11
GärschlauchGärschlauch
22
GassammelsystemGas collection system
33
HeizungsvorlaufsystemHeating supply system
44
HeizungsrücklaufsystemHeating return system
55
Folienspeicher – GasspeicherkissenFoil storage - gas storage pillows
66
Wärmetauscherheat exchangers
77
Gasmotorgas engine
88th
Generatorgenerator
99
ElektrorückspeiseeinrichtungElectric energy recovery unit
1010
Container ohne DachContainer without roof
1111
Container mit DachContainer with roof
1212
Biogasbiogas
1313
WarmwasservorlaufWarm water flow
1414
WarmwasserrücklaufHot water return
1515
Elektroenergieelectric energy

Claims (3)

Anlage zur Gewinnung von Methangas zur Erzeugung von Elektroenergie aus Biomasse dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese aus einem beheizbaren Gärschlauch (1) als Fermentor und einem Container (10) mit einem Gasspeicherkissen (5), einem zweiten Container (11) mit einem Gas-Otto-Motor (7) mit Generator (8) zur Wärme- und Energiegewinnung und einer Regel- und Einspeisevorrichtung (9) zur Netzanpassung besteht, wobei variable Einspeisepunkte für die Elektroenergie genutzt werden.Plant for the production of methane gas for the production of electric energy from biomass, characterized in that it consists of a heatable fermentation hose ( 1 ) as a fermenter and a container ( 10 ) with a gas storage cushion ( 5 ), a second container ( 11 ) with a gas Otto engine ( 7 ) with generator ( 8th ) for generating heat and energy and a regulating and feeding device ( 9 ) for grid adaptation, using variable feed-in points for the electric energy. Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die äußere Hülle des Gärschlauches (1) aus PE-Folie besteht, im oberen Teil ein Gassammelsystem (2) und zur Beheizung des Gärgutes zwei Heizregister (3, 4) aus flexiblem PE-Rohr im Gärgut angeordnet sind, die gasdicht aus dem Gärschlauch (1) geführt sind.Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer shell of the fermentation hose ( 1 ) consists of PE film, in the upper part a gas collection system ( 2 ) and for heating the fermentation two Heizregister ( 3 . 4 ) are arranged from flexible PE pipe in the fermentation, the gas-tight from the fermentation hose ( 1 ) are guided. Anlage nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gasspeicherkissen (5) aus PE-Folie besteht und durch Abschlussschienen verschlossen ist.Installation according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the gas storage cushion ( 5 ) consists of PE film and is closed by end rails.
DE102004010539A 2004-03-04 2004-03-04 Portable biogas fermenter for the methanation of biomass Expired - Fee Related DE102004010539B4 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202013102297U1 (en) * 2013-05-28 2014-09-01 Rehau Ag + Co. Biogas generating device and biogas generating device kit
WO2015079047A1 (en) * 2013-11-28 2015-06-04 Peter Gallersdörfer Energy harvesting system for harvesting renewable energy, biomass collecting system, and components of said systems
DE102020109419A1 (en) 2020-04-03 2021-10-07 Planet Biogas Group Gmbh Biological methane production

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19744653A1 (en) * 1997-10-09 1999-04-15 Christian Quirrenbach Modular composting methane gas generator is self supporting structure of modular construction
DE19857870A1 (en) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-21 Res & Dev Of Renewable Energy Conversion of organic waste into energy and fertilizer without pyrolysis or incineration
DE20016591U1 (en) * 2000-09-15 2001-02-08 Friedrich Bauer Ges M B H Ing Plant for the production of biogas
DE19958142A1 (en) * 1999-08-19 2001-02-22 Schmack Biogas Gmbh Transportable, modular biogas production plant, consists of separate fermenter and energy supply units which are mounted in standard freight containers or container frames
EP1136546A1 (en) * 2000-02-07 2001-09-26 BAW, Burdissa Agrodienstleistungen und Warenhandels GmbH Apparatus and process for the continuous or semi-continuous methanisation of substrates of different consistency in a fermentor with uniform progression

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19744653A1 (en) * 1997-10-09 1999-04-15 Christian Quirrenbach Modular composting methane gas generator is self supporting structure of modular construction
DE19857870A1 (en) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-21 Res & Dev Of Renewable Energy Conversion of organic waste into energy and fertilizer without pyrolysis or incineration
DE19958142A1 (en) * 1999-08-19 2001-02-22 Schmack Biogas Gmbh Transportable, modular biogas production plant, consists of separate fermenter and energy supply units which are mounted in standard freight containers or container frames
EP1136546A1 (en) * 2000-02-07 2001-09-26 BAW, Burdissa Agrodienstleistungen und Warenhandels GmbH Apparatus and process for the continuous or semi-continuous methanisation of substrates of different consistency in a fermentor with uniform progression
DE20016591U1 (en) * 2000-09-15 2001-02-08 Friedrich Bauer Ges M B H Ing Plant for the production of biogas

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202013102297U1 (en) * 2013-05-28 2014-09-01 Rehau Ag + Co. Biogas generating device and biogas generating device kit
WO2015079047A1 (en) * 2013-11-28 2015-06-04 Peter Gallersdörfer Energy harvesting system for harvesting renewable energy, biomass collecting system, and components of said systems
DE102020109419A1 (en) 2020-04-03 2021-10-07 Planet Biogas Group Gmbh Biological methane production

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