DE10144051A1 - Surfactant composition, e.g. useful as hard surface cleaner or textile auxiliary, comprises branched carboxylic acid salt and optionally alkoxylated and/or sulfated primary alcohol - Google Patents

Abstract

Surfactant composition comprises: (a) a branched carboxylic acid salt (I) having 10-20 carbon atoms; and (b) an optionally alkoxylated and/or sulfated primary alcohol (II) having 8-36 carbon atoms and 1-5 hydroxy groups. Surfactant composition comprises: (a) a branched carboxylic acid salt of formula R<1>C(R<2>)HCOOM (I) having 10-20 carbon atoms; and (b) an optionally alkoxylated and/or sulfated primary alcohol (II) having 8-36 carbon atoms and 1-5 hydroxy groups. R<1>, R<2> = 1-18C linear or branched hydrocarbyl; M = anion.

Description

The invention relates to a surfactant composition containing a branched Carboxylic acid compound and an alcohol compound and their use.

Surfactants are used in many technical areas. Win in the process Surfactants are becoming increasingly important, which has a high cleaning effect with small Have use amount, so that smaller amounts of surfactant than the same performance when using conventional surfactants.

For use in many technical applications, such as Textile processing, are surfactants that have good wetting behavior and a low Have foam value, important.

The network behavior is defined by the parameter network power. Under network power the ability of a liquid phase, such as an aqueous surfactant solution to understand other phase such as displacing air from a fiber. At the same time, the aqueous phase can contain other substances such as surfactants or others Textile auxiliaries, transport to the fiber. The network power or network time has importance for the effectiveness and speed of various Processing operations. With conventional surfactants, wetting power and Washing effect reciprocal to each other.

So-called Guerbet soaps are widely used surfactants. These are based on carboxylic acids, which are obtained by oxidation from the Guerbet reaction branched alcohols can be obtained. Guerbet soaps show as Structural feature on a branch in the 2 position.

The US 5,236,614 describes cleaning agents for disinfection, which in addition anionic cleaning components also branched short-chain alcohols with 4 contain up to 8 carbon atoms as cosurfactant and additionally with fatty acid soaps with 8 to 18 carbon atoms can be offset. The compositions are in Form of microemulsions for spray cleaners for cleaning and disinfecting Surfaces used.  

The known surfactants based on Guerbert alcohols and the known ones Guerbet soaps have the disadvantage that they have a high cleaning performance show strong foaming or only a low wetting power.

The object of the present invention is to contain surfactant compositions to provide branched carboxylic acids, which have the disadvantages of the prior art overcome the technology and with a low tendency to foam and low use concentration have a high wetting effect, especially one improved network effect compared to the starting components.

The object is achieved according to the invention by a surfactant composition containing a branched carboxylic acid compound and an alcohol compound, characterized in that

• A) the branched carboxylic acid compound is a salt of a branched carboxylic acid having 10 to 20 carbon atoms of the general formula:
  in which R ¹ and R ² , independently of one another, represent a linear or branched, preferably saturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R ₁ and R ₂ preferably each having at least 2 carbon atoms,
  M stands for a counter ion, in particular alkali or ½ alkaline earth or NR ₄ , with R, independently of one another, equal to H, C1 to C5 alkyl and / or C1 to C5 alkanol, in particular sodium or potassium, and
• B) the alcohol compound, a primary alcohol, preferably a branched alcohol and in particular a Guerbet alcohol that is 8 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 28 carbon atoms and 1 comprises up to 5 hydroxyl groups and optionally alkoxylated and / or optionally is sulfated, and being a sulfated alcohol compound, a salt is used.

Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

The alcohol (B) can contain 1 to 10 ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide units, preferably 2 to 9 alkoxylated.  

Furthermore, the alcohol compound including the alkoxylated alcohol can be sulfated (-O-SO ₃ M) and thus be in the form of a sulfate or ether sulfate. M here stands for a counter ion, in particular alkali metal or ½ alkaline earth metal or NR ₄ , with R, independently of one another, equal to H, C1 to C5 alkyl and / or C1 to C5 alkanol, in particular sodium.

Surprisingly, the surfactant compositions according to the invention have same concentration of the surfactant used a significantly shorter wetting time than each have the pure starting components (A) and (B). In addition, when used strongly foaming surfactants as component (B) their foaming power clearly reduced.

The surfactant compositions preferably contain

• - From greater than 0 to 30 wt .-% component (A), particularly preferably 10 to 20% by weight and
• - from 70 to less than 100% by weight of component (B), particularly preferably 80 up to 90% by weight,

each based on the sum of components (A) and (B).

The surfactant composition from component (A) and (B) is optionally in combination with other surfactants according to the invention in concentrations of greater than 0 to 5 g / l, preferably used from 0.2 to 2.0 g / l.

The invention further relates to the use of the invention Surfactant composition for applications in which good wetting behavior and Low foaming is important, especially for cleaning hard surfaces, as an additive in fiber preparation and as an aid in textile processing or Textile finishing.

Suitable branched carboxylic acid compounds (A) for the purposes of the invention are for example sodium 2-butyl octanoate and sodium 2-hexyl decanoate, both available from the under the names ISOCARB®12 and ISOCARB®16 SASOL distributed acids.

The alcohol compounds can be in both ionic and nonionic derivatives are present. Branched alcohol compounds in the sense  The invention is particularly branched primary alcohols. As branched primary alcohols or oxo alcohols or sulfate salts of the alcohols or Oxo alcohols can for example be branched oxo alcohols such as C11 to C13 Alcohols with 9 mol ethylene oxide, isotridecanol with 9 mol ethylene oxide, 2- Butyl octanol with 9 mol ethylene oxide or 2-butyl octanol sodium alkyl sulfate be used. Examples of linear fatty alcohol alkoxylates or alkyl sulfates are C12 / 14 with 9 mol EO and sodium alkyl sulfates based on linear fatty alcohols C12 / C14.

Suitable alcohol compounds are listed as examples in the following table:

Examples Production of surfactant mixtures

Alkoxylate or alkyl sulfate and ISOCARB 12 or ISOCARB 16 Na soap are weighed in depending on the application concentration, with 200 ml water (Water hardness: 15 ° dH) diluted and dissolved with stirring at approx. 80 ° C.

The surfactant solution is then quantitatively placed in a 1000 ml volumetric flask transferred, made up to the mark at 20 ° C with water (15 ° dH) and shaken.  

Determination of the diving net properties

The immersion wetting capacity was determined in accordance with DIN EN 1772. Of the 700 ml of the surfactant solution are placed in a temperature-controlled beaker and opened Heated to 40 ° C.

A raw cotton plate is attached to the diving clamp and at the beginning of the When the cotton plate is immersed, a stopwatch is started. The time is then measured (in seconds) until the Cotton flakes in the surfactant solution.

Determination of foam blow

The foaming power was determined in accordance with DIN 53902/1 ("IG blow") at a temperature of 40 ° C and a water hardness of 15 ° dH (° dH = degrees German hardness).

200 ml of the surfactant solution are added to a temperature-controlled measuring cylinder Heated to 40 ° C and with the foam stamp (consisting of a defined Perforated disc) 30 uniform strokes within 30 seconds. The Foam volume is reduced after 30 s and 5 min. after stopping beating measured.

According to DIN, the 1 g / l value is to be regarded as a comparison value. Was now instead of 1 g / l the alcohol derivative is a mixture (total 1 g / l) with different Content of Na-2-butyl octanoate, the immersion network times result in Table 1 for ISOCARB 12 soaps (sodium 2-butyl octanoate) and Table 2 for ISOCARB 16 soaps (sodium 2-hexyl decanoate).  

Table 1

Immersion network properties depending on the alcohol compound / ISOCARB®12 soap ratio (at 40 ° C and 15 ° dH)

Table 2

Immersion network properties depending on the alcohol compound / ISOCARB®16 soap ratio (at 40 ° C and 15 ° dH)

It turns out that in the case of ISOCARB® 12 soap for each example in Table 1 shows a surfactant composition that has a shorter immersion time than has the respective individual components (A) or (B). It becomes a Go through minimum dive network time. When using the ISOCARB® 16 soap this phenomenon was also possible when using NAFOL 1214Z-NaS (see table 2) be observed.  

Tables 3a, b, c and 4a, b show the concentration dependence of the Dive network times examined. This consideration shows the respective savings potential of surfactant mixture compared to the necessary "pure surfactant amount" for given dive network times. For example, 1 g / l NAFOL® 1214 Z-NaS found a diving net time of 13 seconds (Table 1). For the mixture 20% NAFOL® 1214 Z-NaS / 80% ISOCARB® 12 Na soap (Tab.3c) is sufficient for 0.5 g / l already to get the comparable network effect (10 seconds) or at 1 g / l total concentration results in the mixture NAFOL® 1214Z-NaS (20%) ISOCARB® 12-Na soap (80%) has a dip time of 5 seconds, whereas the starting components taken at a concentration of 1 g / l Dive network times of 13 or 80 seconds result.

The Guerbet soaps as such are poor wetting agents, as in the example of ISOCARB® 12 or ISOCARB® 16 Na soaps can be seen.

Table 3a

Foam and wetting properties of the alcohol compound / ISOCARB®12 soap mixture 90/10 depending on the concentration (at 40 ° C and 15 ° dH)

Table 3b

Foam and wetting properties of ISOFOL® 12-NaS / ISOCARB®12 soap mixture 80/20 depending on the concentration (40 ° C and 15 ° dH)

Table 3c

Foam and wetting properties of the NAFOL® 1214Z-NaS / ISOCARB®12 soap mixture 20/80 depending on the concentration (at 40 ° C and 15 ° dH)

The use of ISOCARB® 16 Na soap mixed with surfactants (Tab. 4a, 4b, 4c) leads z. B. especially with ISOFOL® 12-9E0 with a lower one Total concentration (0.7 g / l) with good wetting properties.  

Table 4a

Foam and wetting properties of the alcohol compound / ISOCARB 16- soap mixture 90/10 depending on the concentration (at 40 ° C and 15 ° dH), - not measured

Table 4b

Wetting properties of the alcohol compound / ISOCARB®16 soap mixture 80/20 depending on the concentration (at 40 ° C and 15 ° dH)

It can be seen from the results of Tables 3 to 5 that when ISOCARB® 12/16 Na soap not only has good wetting properties can, but due to the fact that for the same network times z. T. clearly lower concentrations are necessary, so are the foam data positively influenced. For example, if you compare the foam data of 1 g / l ISALCHEM® 123-9E0 with the 0.7 g / l mixture of 90% ISALCHEM® 123-9E0 and 10% ISOCARB® 12 Na soap (both have the same immersion time of 13 Seconds on) you can see that the foam volume after 30 seconds at the Mix with 130 ml (Table 3a) well below that of the pure surfactant (260 ml, Table 5) lies.

With regard to the foam data, a successive replacement leads to foaming Surfactants such as NAFOL® 1214Z-NaS through low-foaming Guerbet soaps to lower the foam values. In Table 3c is too recognize that an 80% substitution with ISOCARB® 12 Na soap into one the foam collapses completely.  

Table 5

Immersion network properties depending on the concentration (at 40 ° C and 15 ° dH), foam properties at a concentration of 1 g / l

Three application formulations are mentioned below as examples:

• 1. 20% NAFOL 1214Z-NaS
  80% ISOCARB 12-Na soap
  Application concentration: 0.5-1 g / l
• 2. 90% ISOFOL 12-9E0 / MARLIPAL 13-9E0 / ISOFOL 12 NaS
  10% ISOCARB 16-Na soap
  Application concentration: 1 g / l
• 3. 80% ISOFOL 12 NaS
  20% ISOCARB 12-Na soap
  Application concentration: 0.7-1 g / l

Claims (11)

1. surfactant composition containing a branched carboxylic acid compound and an alcohol compound, characterized in that

• A) the branched carboxylic acid compound is a salt of a branched carboxylic acid having 10 to 20 carbon atoms of the general formula:
  in which R ₁ and R ₂ , independently of one another, represent a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms,
  M for a counter ion, and
• B) the alcohol compound is a primary alcohol, preferably a branched alcohol, which has 8 to 36 carbon atoms and 1 to 5 hydroxyl groups and is optionally alkoxylated and / or optionally sulfated, and

a salt being used as the sulfated alcohol compound. 2. Surfactant composition according to claim 1, characterized in that R ₁ and R ₂ each have at least 2 carbon atoms. 3. Surfactant composition according to claim 1, characterized in that M for alkali or ½ alkaline earth or NR ₄ , with R, independently of one another, is equal to H, C1 to C5 alkyl and / or C1 to C5 alkanol, in particular sodium or potassium stands. 4. The surfactant composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the Alcohol compound (B) comprises 12 to 28 carbon atoms. 5. The surfactant composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the branched alcohol compound a Guerbet alcohol, an alkoxylated Guerbet alcohol, a salt of a sulfated Guerbet alcohol or a salt of a sulfated oxalkylated Guerbet alcohol is.   7. Surfactant composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the surfactant composition at the same concentration has significantly shorter network time than the starting components (A) and (B). 8. Surfactant composition according to at least one of the claims, characterized in that the surfactant composition
from greater than 0 to 30% by weight of component (A) and
contains from 70 to less than 100% by weight of component (B),
each based on the sum of components (A) and (B). 9. surfactant composition according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the surfactant composition in Concentrations greater than 0 to 5 g / l are used. 10. Use of the surfactant composition according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 9 for cleaning hard surfaces. 11. Use of the surfactant composition according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 9 as an additive in fiber preparation. 12. Use of the surfactant composition according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 9 as an aid in textile processing or textile equipment.