DE10134991B4 - Seed drill with automatic calibration - Google Patents

Abstract

With the present invention, a pneumatic seed drill is provided which has a simple counting device, which is supplied during the sweeping on the headland, the seed to be counted and then counts the number of grains during work, regardless of sowing operation. The result of the count grains / m2 serves as a control variable for the adjustment of the seed rate of the seed drill.

Description

The invention relates to a pneumatic seed drill according to the preamble of claim 1. Such seed drills have a metering device for the metering of the seed, depending on the number of grains per square meter.

Such pneumatic seed drills possess, as in the German Offenlegungsschrift 35 35 871 described a counting device that counts the number of grains to be sown. The result of the count is detected by a computer, which in turn regulates the metering device accordingly.

In the GDR patent DD 119 511 A5 Ausbringimpulse a separator of a seed drill, such recordable as rotational movements detected and visually displayed to the operator. In order to reliably detect the actual application of seed, a capacitive sensor is additionally provided in the storage container of the separator so that application pulses are only displayed if seed is also present. By means of a counter, the Ausbringimpulse can be detected within a Zeittores and thus closed on the discharged grains per area.

The German patent application DE 21 31 414 A describes a precision seed drill for fine seeds, in which, among other things, the number of seeds seeded by means of interrupting a light beam, which is directed over a perforated singling drum detected.

The German design pattern 296 53 398 U1 describes a pneumatic distributor by a part of the Ausbringleitungen is switched off and instead of the flow is passed through a switch back into the reservoir. In order to avoid congestion during recirculation, the recycle stream is introduced near the metering device.

Since the counters on the market are generally not able to count the number of grains in a high seed volume, sowing deviations occur in practice, which are unacceptable. Counting devices that work accurately with a high seed volume are very expensive and make the use of a pneumatic seed drill equipped with it uneconomic.

The invention has for its object to provide a pneumatic seed drill, which easily complies with an exact seed rate grains per area, without having to constantly count the entire amount of seed or a portion of the seed quantity during the work.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. As a result of this measure, it is possible by simple means to set or calibrate an accurate seed rate of grains per square meter. It must first be counted with great effort, the entire grain amount and 2. can be counted during the sweeping on the headland of the counter seed during work, without affecting the actual Säbetrieb or without being influenced by it.

If the counter is fed seed only at every 10th sweep, it will have enough time to count the seed that it feeds, even with counting devices that can count only a few grains per second.

According to the invention, it is further provided that the diversion of the seed to the counting device can be limited in time, preferably between 5 and 20 seconds. Thus, depending on the seed and also on the respective rotational speed of the seed wheels so much seed can be diverted that a sufficiently large amount is available, which allows accurate dosing, but still so low that the available cost and simple counting this seed quantity can also count exactly.

According to the invention, it is further provided that the diversion of the seed to the counter takes place over a period in which the seed wheels of at least one dosing unit rotate by a predefinable number of revolutions, preferably by 10 to 20 revolutions.

As a result, depending on the exact switching of the switch and the embodiment of the respective Särades the amount of seed to be counted can be minimized without having to accept too large sowing inaccuracy. The counter can be limited in its performance so that it is inexpensive and yet ensures an accurate count.

According to the invention, it is further provided that the counting device is designed as a pneumatic counting device, with a cellular wheel with bores spaced apart in the outer region, with a suction device sucking the grains into the bores, with a grain separation device which separates the sucked grains from the bores and with two sensors, which are each arranged in the direction of rotation of the cell wheel in front of and behind the Kornabscheidevorrichtung.

During operation, this device can then pick up the individual grains, which are then counted by the sensors and re-deposited after counting.

The invention further provides that the sensors are designed to determine the filling state of the bores.

The sensors, which are arranged in front of and behind the Kornabscheidevorrichtung compare the filling state of a hole, namely in that it monitors the respective hole in front of the Kornabscheidevorrichtung and behind it and determines the difference in the filling state. Should a grain remain in the hole in case of a failed grain separation, no difference would be displayed and thus the grain would not be counted.

The invention further provides that the results of the grain count are processed by a job computer, which in turn is designed to regulate the preset quantity of grains per square meter.

The results determined by the counter are processed by the job computer so that the desired number of grains per square meter is always applied.

If a change in the number of grains per square meter is entered in the job computer, the new desired number of grains per square meter is applied during the next counting process and after the processing of this counting process.

According to the invention, it is further provided that the job computer is designed to take into account the part-specific requirements for the seed rate of grains per square meter in connection with GPS and DGPS.

This option also allows sowing rate changes to be implemented as specified via the GPS or DGPS systems. The time lag between input, count and adjustment of the dosing unit to the new sowing rate can also be easily taken into account.

The invention further provides that the counting device ( 7 ) is formed as an optical, acoustic or other counter known in the art.

Due to the small volume of seed which can be counted within a longer period of time, even simpler counters on the market can be used. Instead of a pneumatic counter so optical, acoustic or other known counters can be used.

Further details of the invention can be taken from the figures and the description of the figures.

1 shows a schematic representation of the pneumatic seed drill according to the invention and

2 a schematic representation of a pneumatic counter.

Of the 1 is the schematic structure of the pneumatic seed drill ( 1 ) refer to. On the for the understanding of the invention not relevant components, such as the three-point tower for the cultivation of the seed drill to a tractor or a tillage implement, a blower, the seed drill control with job computer and the coulters was omitted.

The seed drill ( 1 ) has a seed hopper ( 2 ), to which a dosing unit ( 3 ) with washing wheels ( 4 ) assigned. The not shown blower from the metering device ( 3 ) metered seed is delivered via the supply line ( 5 ) the distributors ( 6 ) and via the seed lines ( 8th ) evenly distributed to the coulters, not shown.

In the supply line ( 5 ) is a switch ( 9 ) with flap ( 10 ), which selectively place the seed into the distributor ( 6 ) or the counter ( 7 ) feeds. The operation of the switch is controlled in a timely manner via a conventional job computer, not shown. The seed supplied to the counting device is placed in a collecting container ( 11 ). The collecting container is a cellular wheel ( 15 ), which in the outdoor area ( 16 ) Drilling ( 17 ), which are equidistant from each other and equidistant from the center ( 18 ) of the cellular wheel are arranged. About an unillustrated intake system, the grains ( 13 sucked, so that they on the holes ( 17 ) rest. The holes ( 17 ) are significantly smaller in diameter than the grains ( 13 ). The cellular wheel ( 15 ) turns in the direction of the arrow ( 22 ) and thus leads the individual grains ( 13 ) on the sensor ( 20 ) past. The sensor ( 20 ) captures every single grain. The individual grains are passed through the Kornabscheidevorrichtung ( 19 ) with a scraper ( 23 ) and via the drainage line ( 24 ) back to the seed hopper ( 2 ). That way over the line ( 14 ) of the counter ( 7 ) supplied seed thus passes through the line due to gravity ( 24 ) back into the seed hopper.

The grains which have not been separated from the grain separation device are passed over the sensor ( 21 ) and therefore not taken into account for the counting of individual grains. A double counting of the non-deposited grains is thereby prevented.

All the features mentioned, even the drawings are shown alone, are considered alone and in combination as essential to the invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Pneumatic seed drill

2

hopper

3

metering

4

seed wheel

5

feed

6

distributor

7

counting

8th

seed line

9

switch

10

flap

11

receptacle

13

grains

14

management

15

feeder

16

Exterior of the cell wheel

17

Drilling the cell wheel

18

Center of the cell wheel

19

grain separating device

20

sensor

21

sensor

22

arrow

23

scraper

24

drain line

Claims (8)

Pneumatic seed drill ( 1 ) with a seed hopper ( 2 ), with a metering device ( 3 ) with at least one dosing unit with seed wheels ( 4 ) for the dosage of the seed to be delivered, with supply lines ( 5 ) for transporting the seeds from the metering units to the distributors ( 6 ), with a counter ( 7 ) for the count of grains as the seed quantity of grains / m ² and with seed lines ( 8th ) and coulters, characterized in that at least between a metering unit and the associated distributor a switch ( 9 ), which during the sweeping on the headland seed to the counter ( 7 ) is formed diverting. Pneumatic seed drill according to claim 1), characterized in that the diversion of the seed to the counter is time-limited, preferably between 5 and 20 seconds. Pneumatic seed drill according to claim 1) and 2), characterized in that the diversion of the seed to the counter takes place over a period in which the seed wheels rotate at least one metering unit by a predetermined number of revolutions, preferably by 10 to 20 revolutions. Pneumatic seed drill according to claim 1) to 3), characterized in that the counter ( 7 ) is designed as a pneumatic counter, with a cellular wheel ( 15 ) with outdoor area ( 16 ) spaced holes ( 17 ), with one of the grains ( 13 ) in the holes sucking suction device, with a Kornabscheidevorrichtung ( 19 ), which sucked the grains ( 13 ) from the holes ( 17 ) and with two sensors ( 20 . 21 ), each in the direction of rotation of the cellular wheel ( 15 ) in front of and behind the grain separation device ( 19 ) are arranged. Pneumatic seed drill according to claim 1) to 4), characterized in that the sensors ( 20 . 21 ) the filling state of the holes ( 17 ) are designed determining. Pneumatic seed drill according to claim 1) to 5), characterized in that the results of the grain count are processed by a job computer, which in turn is designed to regulate the preset sowing amount of grains per square meter. Pneumatic seed drill according to claim 1) to 6), characterized in that the job computer is designed to take into account the part-specific requirements on the seed rate grains per square meter in conjunction with GPS and DGPS. Pneumatic seed drill according to claim 1) to 7), characterized in that the counter ( 7 ) is formed as an optical or acoustic or other counter known in the art.

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