DE10122802A1 - Welding of plastic components such as fluid pipe lines or filter housings, using heat generated by friction includes preheating at least one of the joint surfaces - Google Patents

Welding of plastic components such as fluid pipe lines or filter housings, using heat generated by friction includes preheating at least one of the joint surfaces

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Publication number
DE10122802A1
DE10122802A1 DE10122802A DE10122802A DE10122802A1 DE 10122802 A1 DE10122802 A1 DE 10122802A1 DE 10122802 A DE10122802 A DE 10122802A DE 10122802 A DE10122802 A DE 10122802A DE 10122802 A1 DE10122802 A1 DE 10122802A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
welding
preheating
heat generated
joining
joint surfaces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE10122802A
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German (de)
Inventor
Helmut Potente
Frauke Becker
Odo Karger
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE10122802A priority Critical patent/DE10122802A1/en
Publication of DE10122802A1 publication Critical patent/DE10122802A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/024—Thermal pre-treatments
    • B29C66/0242—Heating, or preheating, e.g. drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
    • B29C66/73115—Melting point
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
    • B29C66/73115—Melting point
    • B29C66/73116—Melting point of different melting point, i.e. the melting point of one of the parts to be joined being different from the melting point of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7312—Rheological properties
    • B29C66/73121—Viscosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7315—Mechanical properties
    • B29C66/73151—Hardness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0822—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0838—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using laser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0855—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using microwave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0609—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding characterised by the movement of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0672—Spin welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1412—Infrared [IR] radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1425—Microwave radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7315—Mechanical properties
    • B29C66/73151—Hardness
    • B29C66/73152—Hardness of different hardness, i.e. the hardness of one of the parts to be joined being different from the hardness of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2309/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2303/00 - B29K2307/00, as reinforcement
    • B29K2309/08—Glass

Abstract

When welding together two components by heat generated by friction between the contacting surfaces, one or optionally both joint surfaces are preheated so that the surface is plasticized or even completely melted before reaching the welding stage. When welding together two components by heat generated by friction between the contacting surfaces, one or optionally both joint surfaces are preheated so that the surface is plasticized or even completely melted before reaching the welding stage. Preheating is preferably performed without contact, e.g. by laser, infra-red radiation, microwaves, or convection but conduction from a contact heating element can also be used.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren für ein Schweißen von Fügeteilen aus Kunststoffen, bei denen eine Grenzflächenreibung an den Fügeflächen zu einer Erwärmung und einer Plastifizierung der Kunststoffe führt.The invention relates to a method for welding Joining parts made of plastics, in which one Interfacial friction at the joining surfaces to heat and plasticization of the plastics.

Als typische Vertreter der genannten Schweißverfahren seinen hier genannt das Vibrationsreibschweißen, bspw. ein Linear-, Biaxial- oder Angular-Vibrationsschweißen, das Rotationsreibschweißen oder das Ultraschallschweißen.As a typical representative of the welding processes mentioned here called vibration friction welding, for example a linear, Biaxial or angular vibration welding, that Rotational friction welding or ultrasonic welding.

Diesen Schweißverfahren ist gemeinsam, daß es aufgrund von Grenzflächenreibungen an den Fügeflächen zu einer Erwärmung und einer gemeinsamen, idealerweise gleichartigen Plastifizierung kommt, durch die, nach Erkalten, eine Verbindung zwischen den Fügeteilen erreicht wird. Diese Schweißverfahren haben sich in der Praxis generell bewährt, jedoch besteht das Problem, daß in der Anfangsphase des Aufschmelzens der Fügeflächen es zu einem Feststoffabrieb und zur Bildung von Fusseln kommt. Aus diesem Grund ist regelmäßig eine Reinigung der zusammengefügten Teile anschließend nötig, was beispielsweise auch aufgrund statischer Aufladung nicht immer unproblematisch ist. Auch kann durch eine komplexe Geometrie der zusammengefügten Bauteile eine Reinigung erheblich erschwert werden. This welding process has in common that it is due to Interfacial friction at the joining surfaces for heating and a common, ideally similar Plasticization comes, through which, after cooling, one Connection between the parts to be joined is achieved. This Welding processes have generally proven themselves in practice, however, there is a problem that in the initial phase of the Melting of the joining surfaces leads to solid abrasion and lint is formed. For this reason regular cleaning of the assembled parts subsequently necessary, which is also due, for example static charging is not always unproblematic. Also can be assembled by a complex geometry Components cleaning are considerably more difficult.  

Insbesondere dürfen häufig Bauteile für ihre spätere Verwendung keinerlei Verunreinigungen aufweisen, bspw. fluidführende Leitungen, Filtergehäuse oder dergleichen mehr.In particular, components are often allowed for their later Use have no impurities, for example. fluid-carrying lines, filter housings or the like more.

Auch das Schweißen von Fügeteilen, bei denen eines bspw. durch Glasfasern verstärkt ist, kann bei den genannten Verfahren problematisch sein. Häufig erfolgt keine gleichmäßige Plastifizierung der zusammenzufügenden Flächen. Es kommt vielmehr regelmäßig dazu, daß das nicht verstärkte Teil plastifiziert wird und das glasfaserverstärkte Teil sich in das nicht verstärkte Teil eingräbt, ohne daß es bei dem verstärkten Teil zu einem für ein Schweißen ausreichenden Aufschmelzen kommt. Dies führt regelmäßig zu einer Verbindung unzureichender Festigkeit.The welding of parts to be joined, in which one example is reinforced by glass fibers can in the above Procedure can be problematic. Often there is no uniform plastification of the surfaces to be joined. Rather, it regularly happens that this is not reinforced Part is plasticized and the glass fiber reinforced part itself digs into the unreinforced part without it reinforced part to a sufficient for welding Melting is coming. This regularly leads to a connection insufficient strength.

Solche Verbindungen unzureichender Festigkeit treten regelmäßig auch dann auf, wenn Kunststoffe unterschiedlicher Schmelztemperaturen, unterschiedlicher Härte oder unterschiedlicher Schmelzviskositäten etc. miteinander verbunden werden sollen.Such connections of insufficient strength occur regularly even when plastics are different Melting temperatures, different hardness or different melt viscosities etc. with each other should be connected.

Vor diesem technischen Hintergrund macht die Erfindung es sich zur Aufgabe, ein in Rede stehendes Schweißverfahren zur Verfügung zu stellen, das sicher zu Verbindungen ausreichender Festigkeit führt, insbesondere auch zu Schweißverbindungen ohne Verunreinigungen durch einen Feststoffabrieb und durch Fusseln.Against this technical background, the invention does it the task of a welding process in question To make that safe for connections sufficient strength leads, in particular to Welded connections without contamination from one Solid abrasion and lint.

Zur Lösung dieser technischen Problematik wird bei einem Verfahren für ein Schweißen von Fügeteilen aus Kunststoffen, bei denen eine Grenzflächenreibung an den Fügeflächen zu einer Erwärmung und Plastifizierung der Kunststoffe führt, gemäß des Anspruches 1 darauf abgestellt, daß wenigstens eine Fügefläche vorgewärmt zur Schweißung gelangt.To solve this technical problem one Process for welding joining parts made of plastics, where there is an interface friction on the joining surfaces heating and plasticizing the plastics, according to claim 1 that at least one Pre-warmed joining surface reaches the weld.

Überraschenderweise hat es sich gezeigt, daß bei einem Vorwärmen wenigstens einer Fügefläche eine Abriebbildung und das Auftreten von Fusseln aufgrund der Grenzflächenreibung der noch festen Fügeflächen deutlich vermindert wird. Auch kann durch das Vorwärmen vorzugsweise der Fügefläche eines verstärkten Fügeteils das Aufschmelzen beim Schweißen der beiden Teile vergleichmäßigt werden, so daß ein Eingraben des verstärkten in das unverstärkte Fügeteil weitgehend vermieden wird.Surprisingly, it has been shown that one Preheating at least one joint surface and abrasion  the appearance of lint due to the interface friction of the still firm joining surfaces is significantly reduced. Also can preferably by preheating the joining surface reinforced part to be melted when welding the two parts are evened out, so that burying the reinforced in the unreinforced joining part largely avoided becomes.

Solches gilt auch für zu verbindende Teile aus Kunststoffen unterschiedlich hoher Schmelztemperaturen, unterschiedlicher Härte oder unterschiedlicher Schmelzeviskosität.The same applies to parts to be connected made of plastics different high melting temperatures, different Hardness or different melt viscosity.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung ist bei dem Verfahren nach der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß eine Schweißung zwischen Fügeflächen unterschiedlicher oberflächiger Aggregatzustände vorgenommen wird. Hier ist insbesondere daran gedacht, daß durch das Vorwärmen die wenigstens eine Fügefläche oberflächig plastifiziert zur Schweißung gelangt. Ein Feststoffabrieb liegt dann praktisch nicht mehr vor. Insbesondere können so bei faserverstärkten Werkstoffen frei werdende, u. U. krebserregenden Fasern vermieden werden. Eine nachträgliche Reinigung oder Spülung der Teile ist nicht mehr erforderlich. Mithin wird auch der Prüfungsaufwand eines fertigen Bauteils dadurch vermindert, daß auf Partikel im bzw. am Produkt nicht mehr geprüft werden muß.In a further embodiment, the method according to Invention provided that a weld between Joining surfaces of different superficial physical states is made. Here it is particularly thought that by preheating the at least one joining surface plasticized on the surface. On Solid abrasion is then practically no longer present. In particular, it can be free with fiber-reinforced materials becoming, u. U. carcinogenic fibers can be avoided. A subsequent cleaning or rinsing of the parts is no longer required. Hence the examination effort becomes one finished component is reduced by the fact that particles in or no longer needs to be checked on the product.

Insbesondere ist an eine vollständige, vollflächige oberflächige Aufschmelzung der Fügefläche gedacht, so daß ein Reiben zwischen festen Oberflächen bei dem Schweißverfahren nach der Erfindung sicher ausgeschlossen ist.In particular, a complete, full-area superficial melting of the joining surface thought so that a Rubbing between solid surfaces in the welding process is excluded according to the invention.

Die Vorwärmung kann nahezu beliebig erfolgen. Bevorzugt werden berührungslose Erwärmungen z. B. mittels eines Lasers, wobei an eine simultane Lasererwärmung mittels einer Laser-Dioden-Matrix oder an eine quasi simultane Erwärmung durch Scannen der Oberflächen gedacht sein kann. The preheating can be done almost arbitrarily. Prefers non-contact heating z. B. by means of a laser, with simultaneous laser heating using a Laser diode matrix or quasi-simultaneous heating can be thought of by scanning the surfaces.  

Alternativ, gegebenenfalls auch in einer Kombination, kann eine Vorwärmung mittels eines Infrarotstrahlers erfolgen, bspw. mittels Keramik-, Halogen- oder Quarzstrahlern.Alternatively, if necessary also in a combination, can preheating is carried out using an infrared heater, For example, using ceramic, halogen or quartz spotlights.

Als weitere Alternative bietet sich die Vorwärmung mittels Mikrowellen an.Preheating is another alternative Microwaves.

Neben einer Erwärmung durch Bestrahlen kann eine solche Erwärmung der Fügefläche auch konvektiv erfolgen, beispielsweise durch die Zufuhr eines Warmgases.In addition to heating by radiation, such The surface to be joined is also convectively heated, for example by supplying a warm gas.

Zwar werden die erläuterten berührungslosen Erwärmungen der Fügefläche bevorzugt, da keinerlei mechanische Wechselwirkung mit dem Schmelzfilm erfolgt, jedoch ist auch eine Erwärmung aufgrund von Wärmeleitungen grundsätzlich möglich, beispielsweise durch Nutzung eines Heizelementes.The explained contactless heating of the Joining surface preferred because there is no mechanical interaction with the melt film, but there is also heating basically possible due to heat conduction, for example by using a heating element.

Die Art der Vorwärmung wird regelmäßig von den vorhandenen Ressourcen bestimmt sein, der Art der Kunststoffe, insbesondere in welchem Maß diese bspw. bis zu einer Plastifizierung erwärmt werden müssen, von deren Härte und dergleichen. Insbesondere wird die nötige Wärmeleistung auch durch die vorgegebene Zeit bestimmt werden, in der insbesondere ein vollflächiger Schmelzefilm aufgeschmolzen werden soll, der eine Fügefläche vollflächig überdeckt.The type of preheating is regular from the existing one Resources are determined, the type of plastics, in particular to what extent this, for example, up to one Plasticization must be warmed by their hardness and like. In particular, the necessary heat output is also be determined by the predetermined time in which in particular melted a full-surface melt film that is to cover a joint surface over the entire surface.

Insbesondere bei dem Schweißen von gleichartigen Kunststoffteilen ist letztlich daran gedacht, beide Fügeflächen vorzuwärmen. Ein schnelleres, exaktes Schweißen ohne jeden Abrieb kann so sichergestellt werden.Especially when welding similar types Plastic parts are ultimately thought of both Preheat the joining surfaces. A faster, more precise welding can be ensured without any abrasion.

Claims (11)

1. Verfahren für ein Schweißen von Fügeteilen aus Kunststoffen, bei denen eine Grenzflächenreibung an Fügeflächen zu einer Erwärmung und Plastifizierung der Kunststoffe führt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine Fügefläche vorgewärmt zur Schweißung gelangt.1. A method for welding of joining parts made of plastics, in which an interface friction on joining surfaces leads to heating and plasticization of the plastics, characterized in that at least one joining surface is preheated for welding. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Schweißung zwischen Fügeflächen unterschiedlicher oberflächiger Aggregatzustände vorgenommen wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a weld between joining surfaces different superficial physical states is made. 3. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch das Vorwärmen die wenigstens eine Fügefläche oberflächig plastifiziert zur Schweißung gelangt.3. Method according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that by Preheat the surface of at least one joining surface plasticized weld. 4. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wenigstens eine Fügefläche bis zu einer vollflächigen oberflächigen Aufschmelzung vorgewärmt wird.4. Method according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the at least a joint surface up to a full surface Melting is preheated. 5. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorwärmung berührungslos erfolgt.5. Method according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the preheating done without contact. 6. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorwärmung mittels eines Lasers erfolgt.6. Method according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the preheating  by means of a laser. 7. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorwärmung mittels eines Infrarotstrahlers erfolgt.7. Method according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the preheating by means of an infrared radiator. 8. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorwärmung mittels Mikrowellen erfolgt.8. Method according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the preheating by means of microwaves. 9. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorwärmung konvektiv erfolgt.9. Method according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the preheating done convectively. 10. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorwärmung durch Wärmeleitung erfolgt.10. The method according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the preheating done by heat conduction. 11. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beide Fügeflächen vorgewärmt werden.11. Method according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that both joining surfaces be preheated.
DE10122802A 2001-04-04 2001-05-10 Welding of plastic components such as fluid pipe lines or filter housings, using heat generated by friction includes preheating at least one of the joint surfaces Ceased DE10122802A1 (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003084736A2 (en) * 2002-04-01 2003-10-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for obtaining improved ultrasonic bond strength
EP1440784A1 (en) * 2003-05-30 2004-07-28 Leister Process Technologies Method and apparatus for joining plastic parts with a laser beam
WO2007110085A1 (en) * 2006-03-23 2007-10-04 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Process and apparatus for the welding of plastics parts, and heating apparatus
DE202011108504U1 (en) * 2011-11-30 2013-03-01 Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung Der Emerson Technologies Gmbh & Co. Ohg Apparatus for ultrasonic welding
US8747585B2 (en) 2008-06-24 2014-06-10 Airbus Operations Ltd Method and apparatus for fabricating a fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite structure
EP2838314A1 (en) 2013-08-13 2015-02-18 Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung der Emerson Technologies GmbH & Co. oHG Heat radiator, device for infra-red welding and method for heating of plastic components
DE102014221139A1 (en) * 2014-10-17 2016-04-21 Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung Der Emerson Technologies Gmbh & Co. Ohg Plastic preheating arrangement for a plastic welding device, plastic welding device and preheating method for a component
CN106808095A (en) * 2017-03-31 2017-06-09 北京工业大学 laser heating friction welding method

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003084736A2 (en) * 2002-04-01 2003-10-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for obtaining improved ultrasonic bond strength
WO2003084736A3 (en) * 2002-04-01 2004-01-22 Kimberly Clark Co Method for obtaining improved ultrasonic bond strength
US6773527B2 (en) 2002-04-01 2004-08-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for obtaining improved ultrasonic bond strength
EP1440784A1 (en) * 2003-05-30 2004-07-28 Leister Process Technologies Method and apparatus for joining plastic parts with a laser beam
WO2007110085A1 (en) * 2006-03-23 2007-10-04 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Process and apparatus for the welding of plastics parts, and heating apparatus
US8747585B2 (en) 2008-06-24 2014-06-10 Airbus Operations Ltd Method and apparatus for fabricating a fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite structure
US9469067B2 (en) 2008-06-24 2016-10-18 Airbus Operations Ltd Method and apparatus for fabricating a fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite structure
DE202011108504U1 (en) * 2011-11-30 2013-03-01 Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung Der Emerson Technologies Gmbh & Co. Ohg Apparatus for ultrasonic welding
EP2838314A1 (en) 2013-08-13 2015-02-18 Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung der Emerson Technologies GmbH & Co. oHG Heat radiator, device for infra-red welding and method for heating of plastic components
DE102013216021A1 (en) 2013-08-13 2015-02-19 Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung Der Emerson Technologies Gmbh & Co. Ohg Radiant heater, infrared welding apparatus and method for heating plastic components
US9724903B2 (en) 2013-08-13 2017-08-08 Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung Der Emerson Technologies Gmbh & Co. Ohg Heat radiator, device for infrared welding and method for heating plastic components
US10479064B2 (en) 2013-08-13 2019-11-19 Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung Der Emerson Technologies Gmbh & Co. Ohg Heat radiator, device for infrared welding and method for heating plastic components
DE102014221139A1 (en) * 2014-10-17 2016-04-21 Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung Der Emerson Technologies Gmbh & Co. Ohg Plastic preheating arrangement for a plastic welding device, plastic welding device and preheating method for a component
US10220572B2 (en) 2014-10-17 2019-03-05 Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung Der Emerson Technologies Gmbh & Co. Ohg Plastic preheating arrangement for a plastic welding device, a plastic welding device as well as a preheating method for a component
CN106808095A (en) * 2017-03-31 2017-06-09 北京工业大学 laser heating friction welding method

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