DE10112455C2 - Device for carrying out biochemical fluorescence tests - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for performing of biochemical fluorescence tests with which the different biochemical interactions can be tektiert. Different can known so-called assay formats, for example Fluorescence immunoassays and examinations for the Decoding the genome of plants or animals be performed. Can be particularly advantageous the invention for the study of a very large Number of samples can be made in a short time, such as this in the so-called "screening applications" ge wishes.

In the known prior art, the Ver use of rotating carrier media for a relative large number of samples proposed and the evaluation and carrying out the investigations is said to help  known technology and here in particular by means of CD or DVD technology.

Such proposed solutions are in WO 98/12559 A1, WO 99/35499 A1 and WO 00/26677 A1 addressed.

The content of WO 00/26677 A1 relates to We notably the modification of known CD or DVD and their manufacturing process. There is to some extent on the possibility of implementation of tests with fluorescence excitation and measurement of the excited fluorescent light indicated. Are explicit but only solutions have been described at which colloidal particles, for example gold on egg partner of such a binding system wise binding of at least two such Partners, such as known receptor Ligand systems are used. Thereby the Re. changed due to colloidal particles flexion and absorption behavior, which is so bound which molecules occur, used and corresponding Statements, if necessary also in quantitative form who is obtained by appropriate optical detection the.

However, the one that is used most frequently in this area Fluorescence analysis technology used, the Detek tion of the fluorescent light with wavelength selective high sensitivity and especially with very high Spatial resolution can be measured, like that with the known CD or DVD technology optically not oh ne more is possible.

But they should already have such systems send advantages, namely the high speed of the Signal acquisition and in particular the possibility of  quasi self-regulating self-positioning of the stim and receiving elements with the help of such a CD or DVD stored information, usually se with "tracking" form used with who that can.

Furthermore, WO 95/22058 A1 describes a method and a device for the detection of fluorescence described materials in which such fluo Resence-marked materials on a substrate known places are applied and the substrate in three different orthogonal alignments th axes can be moved translationally. For the Fluorescence excitation is applied to a laser beam dichroic mirror and from this to the sub directed to excite fluorescent light. The Fluorescent light passes through the dichroic Mirror that corresponds to the corresponding wavelength is richly transparent on an optical detector, so that a spatially resolved measurement can be achieved can.

The solution described in EP 0 440 342 A2 proceed similarly, but using a plate as Pro beam only in two orthogonal to each other aligned axes is moved translationally, and in front of an optical detector a spectral filter is arranged.

In the device described in US 5,866,911 two laser light sources are used, one Laser beam on a semi-transparent mirror judges and the second judges through this mirror becomes. There is also an optical scanner system act with the base of the two laser beams be specifically aligned to a sample carrier  can and in general terms is in this Thursday noted that this effect too by a corresponding movement of the sample holder can be achieved.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a device to carry out biochemical fluorescence tests to propose a very large number of single ner samples inexpensively and with high sensitivity speed, especially high spatial resolution is tectable.

According to the invention, this object is achieved with a Vorrich tion solved according to claim 1. Advantageous design tion forms and developments of the invention with those mentioned in the subordinate claims Characteristics can be achieved.

The invention is based on the prior art known approaches to solutions, in particular on Er knowledge and also technical elements applies, such as them at least for reading information from CD or DVD can be used. Thereby optical Elements for collecting various information and in addition to the detection of, of fluorophore marker th samples emitted fluorescence signals, by la terale movement along a radially outward ge directed axis, with respect to the axis of rotation of a such plates rotating about an axis of rotation shaped carrier moves to the desired information ions and the fluorescence test results with the ge wanted to gain position accuracy.

In the plate-shaped to be used according to the invention Circular ring shapes can be used for carriers, but also others  geometric designs are used. Both The task or recording should be discreet individual fluorophore-labeled samples to be placed to be possible. The fluorophore-labeled samples can on one, but also on both surfaces of one plate-shaped carrier appli with suitable means be decorated. So the surface of such Carrier microstructured, being next to others known structuring method also one that as in DE 100 12 793 A1 is described.

But there is also the possibility of a flat shaped corresponding carrier so that the individual fluorophore-labeled samples within of the carrier are arranged. This can be done from the outside fillable cavities or channels are formed, being on specific embodiments in the Be writing of examples to come back will be.

For the device according to the invention, a We considerably optically modified known per se CD or DVD device can be used. This has via a laser diode with which linearly polarized Light parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotating plate-shaped carrier on its surface is tested. The light from the laser diode is transmitted through an op table arrangement, at least from a Polarisa tion beam splitter, a λ / 4 plate and a focus optical element exists on the surface surface of the wearer. A La serdiode used, with their light fluorescence too at least one appropriately selected fluorophore  can be excited in fluorophore-labeled samples.

In the carrier, which is advantageously at least partially op table should be transparent, are binary, optical detectable information structures available with which at least have the respective local coordinates two dimensionally recorded and for the control of the movement and the spatially resolved measurement of fluorescence signals can be used. With the help of in un different form of this information structure Ren reflected light can with an optical Detector records the relevant information be, depending on the training of the information structure the light absorption of such information structure or a corresponding one ne phase shift of the reflected light Collection of the individual information can be used can.

In addition to the detection of fluorescence signals from the individual fluorophore-labeled samples will be at least a second optical detector for fluorescence light used, being in the beam path of the fluores zenzlichtes a wave in front of this optical detector length-selective and spatially separating spectral filter can be arranged. One can be advantageous such a spectral filter is a dichroic beam be more.

To obtain at least the position information from the information structure it becomes from the laser outgoing linear polarized light with the diode λ / 4 plate converted into circularly polarized light delt and the circularly polarized light on the Surface of the beam. That from the Infor mation structure reflected light arrives as well  circularly polarized light back on the λ / 4 plate and is again linearly polarized Light converted, the polarization plane of the reflected light, opposite the polarization level of the light emitted by the laser diode Is rotated 90 °. This allows the reflected light deflected with the polarization beam splitter and on be directed to the optical detector so that a clear separation of the won with the reflected light information signals from the laser diode outgoing light is accessible.

To reduce the unwanted influence of extraneous light It is advantageous to use the spectral filter and the optical detector for the fluorescent light to arrange an additional optical filter. Therefor can be based on the respective wavelength of the fluores only matched band or edge filter be set.

Especially when using a carrier that at least in areas where fluorophore-labeled Pro ben are arranged, completely or partially optically is transparent, there is the option of opti the detector for the fluorescent light and the ent speaking required and selectively and spatially separating spectral filter on the side of the Trä arrange the side of the laser diode and the optical arrangement are arranged, ge genüberliegt.

In this case, the on both sides of the Trä gers arranged optical elements but synchronously can be moved, for example by a rigid mechanical coupling can be achieved.  

In certain cases, however, it can also be beneficial all optical elements on one side of the door to arrange so that these together along the radially outward and backward axis can be moved. The spectral filter, with the help of the fluorescent light on the opti the detector for the fluorescent light, wavelength is directed selectively into the optical arrangement be integrated so that from the information structures reflected light emanating from the support also meets this spectral filter, but from remains unaffected.

However, it can also be used in addition to the laser diode at least a second light that is as monochromatic as possible source, which is also a corresponding laser diode, but can also be an LED. the This light source only emits light to the fluo resence stimulation of one or more accordingly selected fluorophore (s). The light of this second Light source can be selected over a wavelength and spatially separating spectral filter (dichroic Beam splitter) on the carrier and consequently also on the fluorophore-labeled samples are directed. because at can the optical elements of the optical to order that is used to obtain the information signals from the information structure through appropriate Layering of light from the laser diode and two th light source can also be used.

With such an arrangement it is possible to fluoresce zenztests with at least two different Fluo rophores, where fluorescence with different Wavelengths can be excited to perform if the first laser diode is also suitable for light neter wavelength emits. Because both the information structures,  like the fluorophore-labeled Pro ben on different levels in or on the wearer can be ordered, it is advantageous to the focal width of the focusing optical element that then in the form of a variable lens Focal length can be formed, corresponding to va riieren so that the focus is in the desired one Level and the desired information and especially the very high fluorescence signals Spatial resolution can be recorded.

Can be particularly advantageous with the fiction according device the detection of both the optical Information from the information structures such as also the detection of the fluorescence signals confocal respectively.

To ensure the desired high sensitivity, especially for the fluorescent light should be ge dedicated optical detector photomultiplier tubes (PMT), avalanche photodiodes or particularly sensitive Liche photodiodes with preamplifier are used.

Additional collimators and con sensors in the beam path of different light types can be arranged according to need expansion and parallel alignment or a focus tion, as they are especially for the optical Light aimed at detectors is desired to he pass.

Another option is the fluorescence zenzlicht not directly via spectral filters and Filters on an optical detector for fluorescence to direct light, but fluorescent light with ent speaking suitable focusing lenses in a  Coupling optical fiber and via the optical fiber water on the optical detector for fluorescence to direct light. This can reduce the effort for optics and electronics reduced by spatial separation and the detection of the fluorescence signals spatially ge separates, for example on a permanently installed Circuit board.

This makes it possible to un fluorescent light different wavelengths through the optical fiber to a corresponding spectral filter (e.g. dichroic beam splitter) and each of them Fluorescent light with different wavelengths to each own own optical detector ten, so that the use of at least two different fluorophores for labeling possible is. By interposing at least one Y- Splitter that is present on the optical fiber or a series arrangement of at least two dichroiti beam splitter, the number of usable Fluorophores that are correspondingly different Wavelengths of fluorescent light emit relatively just be increased.

Can be advantageous to the anyway required elek trical evaluation and control unit, as in for example already on a commercially available CD or DVD device is present, by relatively one easy adjustment also a dispenser for the samples are connected so that the individual samples in a discreet and very precise manner applied a carrier or in accordingly in Trä eng trained cavities or channels introduced can be, the simple detection of the respective local coordinates with the help of the In formation structures advantageous information  effect.

With such a dispensing device for example, to the known piezoelectric "Ink-jet" principle with which a very precise positi ons and dosing accuracy can be achieved be resorted to.

Then a carrier, the z. B. in the form of a be writable CD or DVD connection with an ent speaking basic device can correspond information associated with the individual samples by influencing the information accordingly structure and when implementing the Tests can be used.

In addition to the binary-readable by means of the information structures Information also includes biochemical interactions due to the fluorescence excitation in parallel and also seri ell recorded and for the evaluation of each Tests on individual fluorophore-labeled samples be used.

Both a very large number of individual samples used with a carrier and simultaneously for every single sample with a very small pro ben volume to be worked on when performing tests can be localized very precisely can. Due to the possible high apertures, with de the excited fluorescence of individual bonds biomolecules are very sensitive possible evidence, which also includes quantitative statements allow.

Furthermore, in addition to the fluorescence analysis, in principle  others due to occurring biochemical Interactions changing optical sizes, such as for example changes in reflection and Ab sorption additionally detectable, so the test spectrum can be expanded.

Such changing sizes can possibly oh ne additional changes to the invention Device with the optical detector, which anyway the information in the information structure of the carrier are included.

In the following, the invention is to be explained with reference to tion examples are described in more detail.

Show:

Fig. 1 shows the schematic structure of an example of an inventive apparatus;

Fig. 2 shows a second example with additional Kol limators and condensers;

Fig. 3 shows a third example with compared to the example of FIG 2 modified arrangement of optical elements.

Fig. 4 shows another example with respect to the examples of Figures 2 and 3 modified arrangement of the optical elements.

Fig. 5 shows an example with an additional light source for fluorescence excitation;

Fig. 6 shows an example of a device according to the invention with an optical fiber for fluorescent light guidance;

Fig. 7 shows an example for an inventive Before direction with separate optics for fluorescence zenzanregung and detection;

Fig. 8 is an example of a usable in an inventive device SEN carrier;

Fig. 9 shows a further example of such a Trä gers;

FIG. 10 is an example of a carrier;

FIG. 11 is an example of a composite Trä gers;

Fig. 12 shows another example of a composite carrier;

FIG. 13 is an example of a composite gers mationsstrukturen with Trä arranged in two planes infor;

Fig. 14 shows another example of a composite carrier with information structures arranged in two levels;

Figure 15 is another example of a support having two different levels is arrange th information structures.

FIG. 16 is an example of a composite Trä gers with an information structure in egg ner level;

17 shows another example of a Composite th carrier with an attached in a plane arranged information structure.

Fig. 18 in highly schematic form a structure as can be used in an example of FIG. 7 and

Fig. 19 shows the basic structure of an inventive device with additional dis pensiereinrichtung.

In devices such as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, laser diodes 21 or other light sources 29 can be used, the light of which has wavelengths with which fluorescence can be excited by known fluorophores. Preferred wavelengths are e.g. B. 635 nm, 650 nm and 780 nm, for which laser diodes 21 are already available.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, an optical arrangement A can be used in a device according to the invention, with which linearly polarized light from a laser diode 21 can be focused onto or into a plate-shaped carrier 1 .

The light of the laser diode 21 , which laterally, radially with respect to the axis of rotation of the carrier 1 (not shown), can of course be moved back and forth together with the optical arrangement A, so that in connection with the rotation of the carrier 1 the entire carrier surface can be scanned.

The linearly polarized light from the laser diode 21 is directed through a polarization beam splitter 22 , in the example shown here a double prism, wherein the base surface of a prism can additionally be provided with a λ long pass coating. Where in the λ long pass coating taking into account the wavelength of the laser diode 21 and / or of light sources 29 or the arrangement of the polarization beam splitter 22 in the optical structure may be required.

In this example, a wavelength-selective and spatially separating beam splitter 26 is arranged below, the function of which will be discussed below. A λ / 4 plate 23 is arranged thereafter, with which the linearly polarized light is converted into circularly polarized light. Subsequent to the λ / 4 plate 23 , a focusing of the optical element 24 is arranged, with which the light can be focused onto the surface of the carrier 1 or into the interior of the carrier 1 . Advantageously the position of this focusing elemen tes 24, as indicated by the turned in the vertical direction indicated by the double arrow to be changed, the focal position that can be changed. As a result, it is possible for light to focus as required on a plane in which an information structure 3 , 4 or a fluorophore-labeled sample is arranged.

The light reflected by the information structure 3 , 4 by means of so-called "pits or lands" there is a carrier of binary information which can be digitally recorded and processed in an electronic evaluation and control unit.

The light reflected by the information structure 3 , 4 then passes again via the focusing optical element 24 to the λ / 4 plate 23 , where it is again polarized linearly. The level of polarization of the reflected light is rotated by 90 ° relative to the light emitted linearly polarized by the laser diode 21 . By changing the polarization plane, it is possible to separate the reflected light via the polarization beam splitter 22 and, as can be clearly seen in FIG. 1, direct it onto the optical detector 25 , which is preferably a quadrant diode.

If fluorescence in a pre-marked sample is excited with the light of the laser diode 21 , the emitted fluorescence light passes through the focusing optical element 21 , the λ / 4 plate 23 to the spectral filter 26 , with which spatial separation of the fluorescent light is also to be achieved. The spectral filter 26 is also shown here as a double prism and a dichroic beam splitter should preferably be used for this purpose in order to separate the fluorescent light and to direct it onto the optical detector 27 for the fluorescent light. The fluorescent light, since it is not polarized, remains unaffected by the λ / 4 plate 23 .

To suppress the influence of extraneous light, an additional filter 28 is arranged in front of the optical detector 27 for the fluorescent light, so that the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved.

The example of a device according to the invention shown in FIG. 2 differs from the example according to FIG. 1 only in the additional use of a collimator 32 and additional condensers 33 , the latter focusing the light on the optical detectors 25 and 27 .

In the example shown in FIG. 3, only the polarization beam splitter 22 and the spectral filter 26 and, accordingly, the optical detectors 25 and 27 are exchanged in relation to the laser diode 21 .

With the example of FIG. 4 is intended to clarify who the that the light guidance of the light of the laser diode 21 can be done in a different form. The light from the laser diode 21 is first emitted parallel to the surface of the carrier 1 and can be deflected by means of the spectral filter 26 through 90 ° in the direction of the carrier 1 . The spectral filter 26 is then provided with a non-polarized λ long pass coating.

With such an arrangement of the optical elements can the available space inside a Device may be better used.

In Fig. 5, an example of a device according to the invention, in which an additional light source 29, which, as mentioned already in the general part of the description also a suitable laser diode be present. However, the light source 29 should emit light with wavelengths that differ from the light from the laser diode 21 .

At least the light from the laser diode 21 or the light source 29 should be able to excite fluorescence from a fluorophore, but advantageously both light sources 21 and 29 can excite fluorescence from a fluorophore separately.

If light with two fluorescence-exciting wavelengths is used, a second optical detector 27 'for fluorescence light and an additional light with different fluorescence light wavelengths should be used spatially from one another, also not shown here, for the separating element.

A solution for this can be found in FIG. 6 who. In this example there is an optical fiber 31 with the additional spectral filter 26 'and with the optical detectors 27 and 27 '.

In the example as shown specifically in FIG. 6, however, a second light source 29 has been omitted. In order to nevertheless detect fluorescent light with different wavelengths, different fluorophores which can be excited with approximately the same wavelength but which emit with different wavelengths can be used. The fluorescent light is coupled via the condenser 33 into the optical fiber 31 and coupled out by means of the collector 32 and directed onto the wavelength-specific and spatially separating spectral divider 26 ', with which the fluorescent light of different wavelengths is separated in a separate form onto the two optical detectors 27 and 27 'can be directed.

In the example shown in Fig. 7, the bi nary, optically detectable information of an information structure 4 , which is arranged within the carrier 1 , by means of a laser diode 21 , a polarization beam splitter 22 , the λ / 4 plate 23 and the focusing optical Element 24 and the optical detector 25 are detected and can be used with the already mentioned evaluation and control electronics to control the movement (tracking) and on the other hand for the local assignment of fluorophore-labeled samples based fluorescence signals.

On the opposite side of the carrier 1 , a second optical system, which is used exclusively for fluorescence analysis, is arranged. In this device, a light source 29 , the light of which can excite fluorescence from a fluorophore, is again directed onto a spectral filter, which is designed here as a dichroic beam splitter 30 , and from there via a further focusing optical element 24 'onto fluorophore-labeled samples, which are here are arranged within a surface structure which is formed on the carrier 1 . The emitted fluorescent light passes through the focussing optical element 24 'through the dichroic beam splitter 30 , an optical filter 28 to the optical detector 27 for the fluorescent light. The two above and below the carrier 1 arranged optical parts can, as indicated schematically in Fig. 18, mechanically rigidly connected to each other and consequently moved synchronously who the.

However, if a laser diode 21 suitable for fluorescence excitation and an at least partially transparent carrier 1 are used, the additional light source 29 and the dichroic beam splitter 30 may be dispensed with in the example shown in FIG. 7. For this purpose, for example, the information structure 4 can be interrupted in areas in which fluorophore-marked samples are arranged, so that the light can reach the sample.

However, there is also the possibility of designing the information structure 4 in such a way that it is at least partially transparent and only a certain portion is reflected by the information structure 4 , which is, however, sufficient to detect the required information signals with the optical detector 25 and the light portion passing through the information structure 4 is sufficient to excite fluorescence.

In FIGS. 8 to 17, various examples of the structure of carriers 1 and arrangement of in formation are structures 3, 4, and cavities 10 for on acquisition of fluorophore-labeled samples displayed.

The example of a carrier 1 shown in FIG. 8 is essentially formed by a substrate 2 which is transparent per se, for example the polycarbonate typically used for CD or DVD. On the surface of this substrate 2 , a highly reflective layer in the form of an information structure 3 is formed, which is interrupted by a cavity 10 for receiving fluorophore-labeled samples. In the cavity 10 , several bio-molecules 11 are shown as an example. Above the highly reflective layer 3 forming the information structure, a protective layer 5 is formed which can be made of any material optically.

A cover layer or a cover 12 , with which the cavities 10 can be closed, is arranged here on the top side of the carrier 1 . The cover layer or the cover 12 can be optically transparent, which must be the case if the fluorescent light is to be detected from the top.

The focused laser light 8 is also shown in FIG. 8 and the following figures.

The example of a carrier 1 shown in FIG. 9 differs from the example according to FIG. 8 only in the arrangement of the cavity (s) 10 and the information structure 4 formed as a partially reflective layer. The cavity 10 is arranged above the information structure 4 and the partially reflective layer 4 ensures that a part sufficient for fluorescence excitation is transmitted into the sample and at the same time a sufficient amount of light can be reflected on the layer 4 , so that information can also be obtained from this area can be won.

This situation also applies analogously to the example of a carrier 1 shown in FIG. 10, wherein here the cavity 10 is formed within a cover layer or a cover 12 .

The example shown in Fig. 11 of a support 1 according to the invention can be composed of two substrates 2 which are connected to one another. Here, strat in the illustrated below Sub 2, the cavities 10 for receiving the fluoro phormarkierten samples with the biomolecules 11 and the information structure, here as a highly reflective coating 3 Be in overlying substrate 2 formed. Both substrates 2 can be connected to one another with a suitable polymer, for example a polymeric protective layer 5 .

FIG. 12 differs from the example according to FIG. 11 only in that the cavities 10 reach the information structure 3 , which reduces the requirement for the adjustability of the focus position of the laser beam 8 and without changing the focal length of the focusing optical element 24 and the information from the information structure 3 , as well as how the fluorescence signals can be detected with very precise local resolution.

In the example of a carrier 1 shown in FIG. 13, two substrates 2 are again used in an interconnected form, the cavities 10 being formed between the two substrates 2 . An information structure 3 , 4 is formed in each of the two substrates. This can be either a partially reflective layer 4 or a highly reflective layer 3 .

In the form shown, that is, when the focused laser light 8 is focused from below into the carrier 1 , the information structure in the substrate 2 arranged below was formed partially reflectively, so that a certain proportion of light to the information structure formed in the upper substrate 2 was also formed 3 , which should then be highly reflective, and from there correspondingly reflected light can be detected by the optical detector 25 , so that the number of information per area can be increased.

In the carrier 1 shown in FIGS . 13 to 17, the two substrates 2 are bonded to an adhesion promoter layer 7 .

The example according to FIG. 14 differs from the example according to FIG. 13 by a mirror-symmetrical arrangement of the two substrates 2 and the example according to FIG. 15 in that the cavities 10 are arranged exclusively within the substrate 2 arranged there above.

The examples according to FIGS. 16 and 17 again use only a single information structure 3 , 4 which is formed within the substrate 2 arranged above and only the arrangement of the cavities 10 , in the examples shown in FIGS . 16 and 17, differ.

In the examples for carrier 1 , as shown in FIGS. 13 to 17, there are no pauses in the acquisition of information signals, which can be won with the aid of the information structures 3 , 4 , if at the same time fluorescence signals by corresponding Fluorescence excitation of fluorophores can be detected.

With Fig. 19 a possibility is to be indicated in a schematic form, which enables a high-level automation of sample preparation and sample evaluation.

For this purpose, examples of a device according to the invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, can be used below the carrier 1 . Disposed above the carrier 1 is a dispensing device for samples which can be controlled with the aid of the information signals obtained, so that the sample can be applied with high precision with regard to the respective position and volume.

In the biochemical preparation of carriers and Rehearsals can be based on the knowledge known per se can be easily accessed so that the un different biochemical interactions  and with the solution according to the invention can be sen.

Claims (20)

1. Device for carrying out biochemical fluorescence tests, in the linearly polarized light of a laser diode ( 21 ) by one of at least one polarizing beam splitter ( 22 ), a λ / 4 plate ( 23 ) and a focusing optical element ( 24 ) existing optical arrangement (A) is directed onto a plate-shaped carrier ( 1 ),
the carrier ( 1 ) rotating about an axis is provided with binary, optically detectable information structures ( 3 , 4 ) and on the surface and / or inside the carrier ( 1 ) a plurality of fluorophore-labeled samples are discretely arranged;
from the information structures ( 3 , 4 ) reflected light through the optical arrangement (A) for detecting the information is directed to an optical detector ( 25 ) and
fluorescence light emitted by fluorophore-labeled samples is directed via a wavelength-selective and spatially separating spectral filter ( 26 ) onto an optical detector ( 27 ) for the fluorescence light. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spectral filter ( 26 ) is a dichroic beam splitter provided with a λ short-pass coating. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spectral filter ( 26 ) or the polarization beam splitter ( 22 ) is provided with a λ long pass coating. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an optical filter ( 28 ) is arranged between the spectral filter ( 26 ) and the optical detector ( 27 ) for the fluorescent light. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the spectral filter ( 26 ) and the optical detector ( 27 ) for the fluorescent light on the side opposite the optical arrangement (A) of the carrier ( 1 ) are arranged. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the spectral filter ( 26 ) is an integral part of the optical arrangement (A). 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that a second light source ( 29 ) for fluorescence excitation is present;
the light of this light source ( 29 ) is directed onto the carrier ( 1 ) by means of a second dichroic beam splitter ( 30 ), the light beams of the laser diode ( 21 ) and the light source ( 29 ) being superimposed. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the focal length of the focusing element ( 24 ) is variable. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the detection of the optical information signals and the fluorescent light from the laser diode ( 21 ) and / or the light source ( 29 ) is confocal. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the fluorescent light via an optical fiber ( 31 ) on at least one optical detector ( 27 , 27 ') is directed. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that from the optical fiber ( 31 ) emerging fluorescent light is directed via a wavelength-selective and spatially separating spectral filter ( 26 ') to an optical detector ( 27 or 27 '). 12. The device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least the laser diode ( 21 ) with optical arrangement (A) and spectral filter ( 26 ) laterally in the radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation of the carrier ( 1 ) be movable and the Movement as a function of the information captured by the carrier ( 1 ) with the optical detector ( 25 ) can be controlled by means of an electronic evaluation and control unit and the fluorescence signals can be detected in a spatially resolved manner. 13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that with the electronic evaluation and control unit depending on the speed of the information acquired by the carrier ( 1 ) the focal length of the focusing optical element ( 24 ) for excitation and detection of fluorescence of the fluorophore-labeled samples is adjustable. 14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that there is a dispensing device ( 34 ) connected to the electronic evaluation and control unit, with which the individual samples are applied to the support ( 1 ) in a spatially resolved manner or in the support ( 1 ) trained cavities ( 10 ) or channels introduced. 15. The device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the carrier ( 1 ) is a CD or DVD modified for receiving samples. 16. A method for performing biochemical fluorescence tests with a device according to one of claims 1 to 15, in which by means of the information structures ( 3 , 4 ) formed on or in the carrier ( 1 ) it detects a spatially resolved and / or an immediate Assignment of detected fluorescence light to a fluorophore-labeled sample is carried out. 17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that prior to carrying out fluorescence tests, the optically detectable information structures ( 3 , 4 ) of the carrier ( 1 ) for controlling a dispensing device ( 34 ) for the discrete application of samples on or in the Carrier ( 1 ) can be used. 18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the fluorescence tests of the individual fluorophore-labeled samples is carried out taking into account the location coordinates ascertainable by the information structures ( 3 , 4 ) and / or information associated with a fluorophore-labeled sample. 19. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the focal length of the focusing optical element ( 24 ) is set with the electronic evaluation and control unit so that light for exciting fluorescence of the laser diode ( 21 ) and / or the light source ( 29 ) is focused on a fluorophore-labeled sample. 20. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that fluorescent light emitted by fluorophore-labeled samples is separated from the fluorescence-exciting light by means of a wavelength-selective and spatially separating spectral filter ( 26 ) and on an optical detector ( 27 ) for the fluorescent light is judged.