DE10084606B4 - Safety device for a pressurized gas supply - Google Patents

Abstract

Safety device (1) for a pressurized gas supply, in particular a compressed air supply, for breathing or diving devices for reporting a residual gas pressure to a user of compressed gas supply by increasing the breathing resistance, with a pressure monitor valve (11) which is acted upon by the pressure of the gas supply, and with a shut-off valve (10) in communication with the pressure control valve (11), which is connected between a medium-pressure connection of a pressure reducer (101) and an automatic regulator and whose passage cross-section is reduced to a certain residual pressure to increase the respiratory resistance when the gas supply pressure falls, and with a device for eliminating the reduction in the passage cross section of the shut - off valve (10), characterized in that the shut - off valve (10) has a valve member in the form of a deformable and deformable hose (19) in the medium pressure gas passageway, wherein an outer side (19a) of the Hose (19) via the pressure monitor valve (11) with a high pressure port (132) of the pressure reducer (101) is in communication such that upon reaching the residual pressure of this on the outside (19 a) of the hose (19) engages and the ...

Description

The The invention relates to a safety device for a compressed gas supply according to the preamble of claim 1.

A latent danger in, for example, autonomous diving equipment is the exhaustion of the breathing air supply before surfacing. In order to reliably counteract this danger, various safety devices have been proposed. A generic safety device is from the DE 28 26 787 A1 known. This safety device is based on a shut-off valve, which is connected between the pressure reducers provided on the compressed air supply and the regulator and serves to indicate the drop in the air supply pressure due to rising respiratory resistance. The shut-off valve has a warning piston moved by a bellows, which is actuated by a pressure monitor valve. The pressure monitor valve consists of a spring loaded valve exposed to the pressure applied to the high pressure port of the compressed air supply. As long as the supply pressure generates a force on the closing cone of the valve member, which is greater than the spring force of the valve, this valve remains closed. When the supply pressure drops, the spring force predominates and the pressure monitor valve opens. As a result, the shut-off valve is pressurized and the warning piston closes the breathing air leading air line. The blockage of the passage cross section of the shut-off valve is then canceled by a special device again. This sequence is repeated, so that the device carrier makes a resistance increase and decrease in the respiratory air flow noticeable.

adversely in this known safety device is that the flow resistance the compressed air through the built-in shut-off valve in the air line strongly depends on the requested air volume. As soon as the supply pressure is close to the set pressure of the valve, the user is a high Required respiratory work, which makes him physically as well as mentally strong loaded.

in view of In this state of the art, the invention is based on the object, a safety device of the type mentioned for a compressed gas supply to improve so that they are simple in construction and mountability a relatively low work of breathing to below the residual pressure threshold guaranteed but then increases the breathing resistance physically bearable.

Is solved this object by a safety device with the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are in the subclaims specified.

in the Core sees the invention, a valve member for a shut-off valve in shape a deformable and deformable Hose before, the constant low work of breathing above the residual pressure threshold and guaranteed after activation of the shut-off valve. The passage cross-section the deformable and deformable Hose is by means of a pressure switch or pressure monitor valve controlled, the or a pressurization of the deformable and deformable Hose and thus a narrowing of the passage cross-section only after falling below the residual pressure threshold allows, so that ensures a constant low work of breathing up to this time is. To unlock the shut-off valve is a vent valve, which is controlled by the same pressure switch only after falling below the residual pressure threshold is acted upon by breathing gas pressure, and a Pressure release on deformable and rebreathing hose in manual activity causes, with simultaneous visual display of the function the safety device due to escaping air (air bubbles in Water) a passage cross-section of the deformable and deformable Hose and thus the shut-off valve is guaranteed, the one constant ensures low breathing work. The shut-off valve, the pressure switch and the vent valve are preferably not formed as a unit, but as separate Single components formed, the shut-off valve and the pressure switch by means of a sleeve are mechanically and pneumatically connected and the vent valve z. B. over a pressure-resistant pneumatic hose connected to the pressure switch is.

By the above explained Activities, in particular by controlling the valve member of the shut-off valve via the pressure switch is guaranteed that the flow resistance of the breathing gas independently of the requested amount of gas.

By the connection of the vent valve with the pressure switch over one Connection hose is guaranteed that manually operated vent valve problem-free at a suitable, individually different operating position can be arranged.

Shut-off valve and pressure monitor are advantageously both on a cylindrical housing, which are arranged side by side parallel to the axis, and their connections for the pressure reducer (high and medium pressure port) come to lie under standardized mutual distance. This is achieved in that the two cylindrical housing are permanently connected to each other permanently in a predetermined relative position, for example by a corresponding one-piece production. However, a separate embodiment of the two is preferred cylindrical housing of Absperrven valve and pressure monitor and their possibly releasable connection via a cuff. This sleeve preferably comprises between the two housings a connecting piece, which is sealingly connected to the two housings and a connection channel for controlling the deformable and deformable hose of the shut-off valve between the two housings, via which the actuating pressure for the deformable and deformable hose is transmitted. having.

Of the pressure switch can be used for operation the deformable and deformable Hose be constructed in a conventional manner. Preferably based he on one hand by the gas pressure from the pressure reducer acted upon and on the other hand acted upon by a spring hollow piston, which normally a pressure application to the deformable and rebreathing hose of the Shut off valve, as the gas pressure above the residual pressure threshold one with the deformable and deformable Hose related working chamber from the upcoming Gas pressure completes. Pressurized gas only then enters the working chamber, when the residual pressure threshold is exceeded and by the Residual pressure exerted Force is less than the force of the piston acting on Feather. about the then pressurized working chamber becomes deformable and deformable Hose constricted because of the pressure applied to it gas, which the work of breathing for enlarges the user. simultaneously is in this case the connection of the working chamber to the vent valve released, which z. B. by manual operation, the pressure in the working chamber and thus the voltage applied to the deformable and re-deformable hose Pressure producing the original cross-section of the shut-off valve degrades.

following The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawings. It demonstrate:

1 a safety device with a shut-off valve, a pressure switch and a vent valve in a sectional view;

2 a detailed view of the pressure switch and the shut-off valve according to 1 ;

3 the vent valve in a detailed vertical sectional view;

4 a pressure reducer with a spring-loaded piston in a sectional side view;

5 a second embodiment of a pressure reducer with a gas pressure loaded piston in a sectional side view;

6 a connecting bridge for compressed air cylinders for two pressure reducers in a sectional view;

7 a device according to 6 in a plan view;

8th a further embodiment of a device according to 6 in a sectional view;

9 a further embodiment of a device according to 6 with fixed pressure reducers in a partially sectioned plan view;

10 a device according to 9 in a partially sectioned side view;

11 a further embodiment of a device according to 9 with fixedly arranged pressure reducer in a partially sectioned side view;

12 an arrangement of the safety device according to the 1 to 3 at a pressure reducer according to the 11 to form a safety fitting.

A security device 1 ( 1 . 2 ) includes a shut-off valve 10 , a pressure monitor valve or a pressure monitor 11 for controlling the shut-off valve 10 in particular for reducing its gas passage cross section, and means for restoring the gas passage cross section in the form of a vent valve 12 , The ingredients 10 . 11 . 12 having, essentially 3-piece safety device formed 1 is used in conjunction with a gas pressure supply, for example for breathing or diving equipment used and is used to report a residual gas pressure to a user of compressed gas supply by temporarily increasing the breathing resistance. For this purpose, the shut-off valve 10 between a medium pressure connection 121 a pressure reducer 101 ( 4 ), which in turn is connected, for example, to a compressed air cylinder, and connected to a regulator, via which the user is supplied with breathing gas. The medium pressure is via the pressure reducer 101 regulated so that it is about 10 bar above the prevailing external pressure. The absolute height of the medium pressure thus depends z. B. from the depth and the prevailing water pressure.

The shut-off valve 10 as well as the pressure monitor 11 are generally cylindrical. In particular, the shut-off valve comprises 10 a cylindrical housing 13 with an inner surface 13a , wel Ches end is provided with threaded connection, namely a male formed inlet port 14 and a female outlet formed 15 , The connecting pieces 14 . 15 are formed as separate parts and have external thread for screw connection with respective internal threads at the ends of the housing 13 , In order to ensure the required tightness, in the area between shoulders of the connecting piece 14 . 15 and the rim of the ring at the ends of the housing 13 O-ring seals 16 . 17 arranged. Another O-ring seal 18 is at an outer annular shoulder of the inlet nozzle 14 fitting provided. The inlet nozzle 14 serves to connect the shut-off valve 10 to the medium pressure connection 121 of the pressure reducer 101 while the outlet port 15 for connecting the shut-off valve 10 serves to a not shown pulmonary machines.

The valve member of the shut-off valve 10 is due to a deformable and re-deformable hose 19 formed, the outer diameter of the inner diameter of the cylindrical housing 13 equivalent. In the non-actuated state is the deformable and re-deformable hose 19 with its outer wall 19a , preferably positively and / or completely on the inner surface 13a of the housing 13 at. The tight fit of the deformable and re-deformable or flexible hose 19 in the case 13 is effected by a clamping fit, which is provided in each case in the region of the hose end. This clamping seat is caused by an annular axial extension 20 of the inlet nozzle 14 and by a similar axial annular extension 21 the outlet nozzle 15 which extensions 20 . 21 yourself in the case 13 extend into and between their annular outer sides and the cylindrical inner side 13a of the housing 13 the ends of the deformable and deformable tube 19 in the press fit. No unnecessarily large passage cross-section reduction of the shut-off valve 10 through the extensions 20 . 21 to have to accept, is the housing 13 in the area of these extensions 20 . 21 formed with a larger inner diameter, so that also in the region of each clamping seat of the deformable and re-deformable hose 19 is extended stepwise circumferentially, so that also the clamping seat and thus the axial tight fit of the hose 19 is improved. Preferably, the clamping seat is designed as a conical annular gap, which ensures a further improved interference fit.

The shut-off valve 10 has due to its valve member in the form of deformable and reshapeable hose 19 a relatively large free cross-section with the shut-off valve open 10 ie undeformed hose 19 which ensures use of the respiratory gas with low work of breathing.

The control of the shut-off valve 10 between open and partially closed or closed state takes place by radial constriction of the deformable and re-deformable hose 19 with the help of one to the outside 19a of the hose 19 applied pressure medium, in the present case the compressed gas from the compressed gas supply, which from a high pressure port 132 ( 4 ) of the pressure reducer via the pressure switch 11 to the outside 19a of the hose 19 arrives. The pressure supply for targeted constriction of the deformable and re-deformable tube 19 via a housing 13 radially passing control channel 22 , the wall of the housing 13 penetrated halfway along its axial length and to the outside of the housing 13 and opens to its inside. If over the control channel 22 Compressed gas to the deformable and re-deformable hose 19 is applied radially outward, this is increasingly deformed annularly by the pressurization inward, ie constricted and thus increasingly obstructs the axial passage of gas through the shut-off valve 10 optionally up to the complete sealing of the axial gas passage through the deformable and reshapeable hose 19 ,

The deformable and re-deformable hose 19 is gas-tight and z. B. formed of an elastic material, which forms automatically elastically rückverver deformation after deformation. The hose is preferred 19 made of silicone, rubber or the like elastomers.

Besides, the hose can 19 from a flexible and / or pliable or self-limp material, eg. B. a gas-tight impregnated or sealed fabric material may be formed, which has no elastic Eigenrückformfähigkeit. hoses 19 from such a bendable and / or pliable material are by the in the shut-off valve 10 prevailing medium pressure, z. B. after a constriction back to the inner wall 13a of the housing 13 pressed. It is essential that for the hose 19 a material is chosen, which by gas pressure on the outer surface 19a is deformable and from the deformed state reversible, in particular as often as possible in the undeformed state can be transferred. Furthermore, it is essential that the material of the hose 19 at least to the outside 19a Gas-tight, so that no high-pressure gas in the interior of the hose 19 can get.

As a hose is to form the valve member of the shut-off valve 10 To understand any structure which is suitable to narrow a Ausgangsgasdurchtritts cross-section by constriction from the outside and thus the gas volume flow or gas to influence mass flow. In particular, this also includes hose elements, which are divided, for example, by partitions inside the hose into several separate flow channels. Such a hose element is, for example, a honeycomb hose formed from an elastomer, which has a plurality of flow channels extending in the longitudinal direction, which are each separated from one another by preferably elastic partitions. Such a tube may have a honeycomb-shaped spatial form with honeycomb-like cross-section, for example, hexagonal flow channels in cross section. It is essential that such a configured Schlauchele element by applying pressure on its outer side is deformable, in particular einschnürbar that the effective gas passage cross-section can be reduced.

In addition, can as a valve member, for example, an outside gas-tight impregnated or coated cylinder made of a porous, gas-permeable material, such as a sponge, which by pressurizing on its outside is deformable and reduced in the deformed state, the gas passage.

Furthermore, the deformation of the hose member for gas flow control in the shut-off valve can be accomplished by indirect pressurization of the hose member, for example by a pressure associated with the high pressure bag, which is inflated in case of need and its volume expansion a constriction of the hose member in the shut-off valve 10 causes.

Farther can the constriction of the hose element of course also mechanically, z. B. by a pressure-controlled slide, which acts on the valve and thus its effective passage cross-section reduced.

The control channel 22 does not have to be strictly radial but can at least be adjacent to the outside 19a deformable and deformable hose 19 over the entire circumference of the inner wall of the housing 13 z. B. be formed as an annular channel to the deformable and re-deformable hose 19 Apply pressure media evenly over the circumference on the outside.

The pressure monitor 11 has a similar cylindrical housing 23 like the shut-off valve 10 with approximately the same dimensions. The housing 23 and 13 are spaced adjacent to each other and preferably arranged to extend parallel.

At its first end is the case 23 in one piece an inlet nozzle 24 molded, as well as the adjacent inlet nozzle 14 the shut-off valve 10 is designed as a male part with external thread, wherein in the transition region of the inlet nozzle 24 for larger diameter housing 23 on the outside an annular groove for receiving an O-ring seal 25 is formed. At the other end is the case 23 with an outlet 26 provided as from the housing 23 formed separate part and, for example, in an internal thread at this end of the housing 23 is screwed. The outlet nozzle 26 is by means of an O-ring 27 opposite the housing 23 sealed, which O-ring 27 between an annular shoulder of the outlet 26 and an annular groove on the inner edge of the housing 23 is arranged.

The pressure monitor 11 is by means of the inlet nozzle 24 with the high pressure connection 132 of the pressure reducer 101 connectable while the outlet port 26 of the pressure switch 11 , z. B. by means of a pressure-resistant, flexible hose 48 to the vent valve 12 connected.

Also the case 23 of the pressure switch 11 is with a side control channel 28 provided the wall 23 penetrated radially into the interior of the housing 23 and flows into its external environment. The housing 23 of the pressure switch 11 is relative to the housing 13 the shut-off valve 10 arranged so that these two housing 13 . 23 extend parallel to the axis and in the area of the two control channels 22 . 28 lie at identical height or the mouth of the channel 28 the mouth of the canal 22 opposite, so these channels 22 . 28 aligned with each other. For a dense gas transmission via the control channels 22 . 28 is a sealing connector 29 , z. B. metal, provided between the housings 13 and 23 is arranged and a passage 30 having, with the adjoining control channels 22 . 28 flees. The connector 29 is part of a achtförmig in plan view connecting sleeve 35 , about which connector 29 two receiving sleeves 35a . 35b for the housing 13 . 23 are integrally connected. The receiving sleeves 35a . 35b have an inner diameter that matches the outer diameter of the housing 13 . 23 equivalent. The cuff 35 serves for mechanical and pneumatic connection or coupling of the shut-off valve 10 and the pressure monitor 11 ,

To connect the housing 13 . 23 by means of the connector 29 gas-tight, there are a total of 4 O-rings 31 . 32 . 33 . 34 provided in annular grooves on the outside of the housing 13 and 23 are arranged. In particular, every housing 13 . 23 from a pair of O-rings on either side of each control channel 22 . 28 enclosed. So are both sides of the control ka Nalles 22 the shut-off valve 10 the O-rings 31 . 32 and on both sides of the control channel 28 of the pressure switch 11 two O-rings 33 and 34 , The arrangement of the O-rings 31 - 34 is chosen so that the O-rings 31 . 32 on the outside of the case 13 the shut-off valve 10 closer to the control channels 22 and 28 lie as the two O-rings 33 . 34 on the outside of the case 23 of the pressure switch 11 ,

The above-explained arrangement of shut-off valve 10 and pressure monitors 11 is ensured by the the housing 13 and 23 Cuff enclosing together 35 , The connecting piece is preferred 29 in one piece as part of the cuff 35 educated. Preferred are on the outside of the housing 13 and / or the housing 23 Means for axially positioning the sleeve 35 opposite these housings 13 . 23 provided, such as a radially from the outside of the housing 23 protruding retaining ring 36 , z. B. a Seegering, wherein the ring 36 opposite the cuff 35 on an annular step of the housing 23 and / or the housing 13 is set in the axial direction.

The housing 23 of the pressure switch 11 has an internal bore 11a with areas of different diameters. The inner bore 11a has its smallest diameter in the area of the inlet nozzle 24 , wherein in the passage cross-section of the inlet nozzle, a first throttle 37 with a throttle bore 37a is arranged.

The first throttle 37 serves as a gas flow restrictor if due to improper handling of the pressure monitor 11 , z. B. is damaged by knocking off or canceling. The diameter of the throttle bore 37a is dimensioned such that the maximum pressure gas loss for diving equipment normentsprechend, z. B. is limited to 100 l / min at high operating pressure.

This area is followed by a slightly larger area inward from the inlet port 24 located on in which form-fitting a hollow or annular piston 38 with an axial through hole 38a axially displaceably guided, opposite the bore by means of two O-rings 39 . 40 is sealed.

The hollow piston 38 has Einlassstutzenseitig the axial through hole 38a surrounding an annular end face 38c on and at the opposite end 38b an annular end face 38d on whose outer diameter relative to the annular end face 38c something bigger.

The hollow piston 38 protrudes with the upper end larger in diameter 38b in a diameter of the largest area of the inner bore 11a of the housing 23 who has a working chamber 41 forms, with its wall 41b the larger diameter end of the hollow piston 38 a Sielspalt 41c forms. To the larger diameter upper end 38b is the hollow piston 38 closes axially the through hole 38a surrounding a sleeve 42 the through hole 38a extending to.

At the hollow piston end of the sleeve 42 is the through hole 38a narrowed annular, so that an overflow throttle 41e with a Überströmdrosselbohrung 41f is trained. The overflow throttle bore 41f has in comparison to the throttle bore 37a a smaller, in particular about a factor of 2 to 10 smaller passage cross-section.

The upper end of the sleeve 42 passes through an axial bore 42b a threaded ring 42a , with its male thread engaged with an internal thread in this area of the inner bore 11a of the housing 23 stands and parallel to the axial bore 42b at least one overflow hole 42c having the threaded ring 42a interspersed. The threaded ring 42a forms an abutment for one end of a spring formed as a compression spring 43 that the sleeve 42 surrounds and with the other end at the larger diameter upper end 38b of the hollow piston 38 and supports it with it towards the inlet nozzle 24 put under tension. The effective direction of the spring 43 on the hollow piston 38 thus runs opposite to the effective direction of the pressure gas applied to it from the high pressure port 132 of the pressure reducer 101 ,

At the upper end is the inner bore 11a through a lens 45 limited to the one piece with the outlet 26 is formed. To the sleeve 42 pointing is in the lens 45 a sealing washer 44 used, whose outer diameter is greater than the diameter of the annular upper edge of the sleeve 42 , Immediately adjacent to the inner wall of the housing 23 is in the lens 45 a passage 46 formed the lens 45 interspersed and thus the working chamber 41 with the inner bore of the outlet nozzle 26 combines. The cross section of the passage 46 is greater than the Überströmdrosselbohrung 41f , in particular 2 to 10 times larger than this.

In the outlet 26 is the connector 47 a connecting hose 48 (pressure-resistant hose) screwed, the other connector 49 with the bleeder valve 12 connected is. The fittings 47 . 49 have standard throttle bores 47a . 49a on, whose cross section is approximately that of the throttle bore 37a corresponds, so in case of damage to the connecting hose 48 or damage to the the connection hose 48 pneumatically downstream vent valve 12 the maximum pressure gas loss is limited.

The bleed valve 12 ( 3 ) has a housing 50 , which at one end is integral with a connecting piece 51 is formed, which is for connecting the connector 49 of the connection tube 48 serves. The housing 50 is from two handle shell halves 54a . 54b surrounded, which are spaced from each other. The housing 50 is penetrated by two mutually perpendicular holes, namely a main bore 51a as an axial extension of the inner bore of the connection piece 51 and a transverse bore 51b perpendicular to the main bore 51a runs and this in the connection area of the connecting piece 51 on the housing 50 interspersed. In the cross hole 51b sits axially displaceable a shift shaft 52 , at both ends over the hole 51b protrudes and on one end of a circlip 53 sits, while the other end in a mating hole of the first handle shell half 54a engages which the housing 50 encloses about half and z. B. from a handy material, eg. B. consists of a plastic.

The handle shell halves 54a . 54b are provided with a plurality of recesses, z. B. with a recess for the passage of the connecting piece 51 , and with a further recess on the connecting piece 51 opposite end of the housing 50 , the vent end of the vent valve 12 , The second handle shell half 54b is by means of a screw 55 above the switching shaft 52 on the housing 50 attached, and points below the screw 55 at the height of the transverse bore 51b a recess aligned with this 54e on top of that, over the case 50 protruding shift shaft 52 in the axial direction is free to move.

In the main hole 51a of the housing 50 a valve member is arranged, which is a valve plate 56 having that with a valve lifter 57 is connected, which is coaxial with the longitudinal center axis of the main bore 51a runs, by means of a larger diameter ring part 58 radially at a narrowing point of the main bore 51a is guided and with his rounded headboard 59 in a groove 52a on the outer circumference of the switching shaft 52 seated. The valve lifter 57 is with his headboard 59 by spring force against the groove 52a the switching shaft 52 biased, which spring force by a compression spring 60 for the valve plate 56 is applied, located on the back of the valve plate 56 and at the other end at a sack end of a main bore 51a of the housing 50 closing, hollow drilled screw plug 65 supported. By the compression spring 60 becomes the valve plate 56 against a valve seat 61 pressed, in the form of a raised edge of an annular disc 62 is fixed in the main bore 51a of the housing 50 the valve lifter 57 surrounding arranged by the valve lifter 57 centrally interspersed and opposite the housing 50 by means of an O-ring 63 is sealed.

The main hole 51a of the housing 50 is in the area of the sack end of the screw plug 65 via a radial vent hole 64 , which one opposite the Überströmdrosselbohrung 41f a larger, preferably about 2- to 10-fold cross-section in conjunction with the outside environment. The screw plug 65 is by means of an O-ring in the housing 50 this sealing used, z. B. screwed. In a starting position of the vent valve 12 presses the compression spring 60 the valve plate 56 against the valve seat 61 and the headboard 59 of the valve lifter 57 into the groove 52a , which is approximately in the longitudinal center of the switching shaft 52 is formed and has a depth such that the valve plate 56 non-positive and sealing at the valve seat 61 is applied.

Preferably, the connection hose exists 48 Made of pressure-resistant, flexible material, allowing the user the vent valve 12 can be variably attached in an individual situation. Preferred is in an annular groove of the closure lid 65 in the area of the vent hole 64 another o-ring 67 arranged to prevent dirt from entering this hole.

The following is the operation of the off valve 10 , Pressure monitor 11 and bleed valve 12 existing security device 1 explained in more detail.

In an initial state are the shut-off valve 10 and the pressure monitor 11 over the cuff 35 mechanically and pneumatically connected to each other and the connection hose 48 the vent valve 12 at the outlet 26 of the pressure switch 11 connected. Furthermore, the shut-off valve 10 over the connecting piece 14 with the medium pressure connection 121 of the pressure reducer 101 connected and the pressure switch 11 over the connecting piece 24 with the high pressure connection 132 of the pressure reducer 101 connected. Furthermore, at the outlet 15 the shut-off valve 10 connected to the regulator. In the initial state is the vent valve 12 closed, ie the headboard 59 of the valve lifter 57 lies in the groove 52a the switching shaft 52 on, leaving the valve 61 . 56 of the vent valve 12 closed is. Furthermore, in the initial state, the valve member is in the pressure switch 11 consisting of the sleeve 42 and the valve plate 44 open, with the spring 43 the hollow piston 38 with its protruding edge at the larger diameter end 38b versus an internal stage of the through hole 11a in the case 23 suppressed. The deformable and re-deformable hose 19 in the shut-off valve 10 lies in the case of using an elastic material by residual stress on the inner wall 13a of the housing 13 in case of use of a flexible, flexible or self-liming material for the deformable and re-deformable hose 19 only through the extensions 20 . 21 the inlet or outlet 14 . 15 against the inner wall 13a of the housing 13 clamped.

If now the Hauptabsperrventil the compressed air cylinder is opened, so is above the pressure reducer 101 at the pressure monitor 11 Gas high pressure, z. B. at a completely filled compressed air cylinder about 200 bar, which is the hollow piston 38 over the through hole 38a surrounding ring end face 38c and the overflow throttle 41e against the spring pressure of the spring 43 towards the valve plate 44 moved until the sleeve 42 sealing on the valve plate 44 seated, leaving the working chamber 41 gas-tight from the through-hole 38a and thus separated from the high pressure of the compressed gas. Thus this movement of the hollow piston 38 upon application of the pressure switch 11 is guaranteed with high pressure, is the size of the annular end face 38c as well as the throttle bore 41f the overflow throttle 41e adjusted accordingly, such that in time, the hollow piston 38 for movement to the stop on the valve plate 44 needed, no sufficiently high back pressure in the working chamber 41 can be constructed, which the compressive force of the spring 43 would support. This ensures that when there is a high pressure on the pressure switch 11 the hollow piston 38 together with the sleeve 42 in any case, a gas-tight separation of the working chamber 41 guaranteed by the high pressure connection.

In the gas passageway of the shut-off valve 10 lies after opening the compressed air cylinder over the pressure reducer 101 Medium pressure, ie via the pressure reducer 101 regulated, at, which is about 10 bar above the prevailing external pressure. This pressure is thus at the connection piece 15 connected regulators available. The mean pressure in the shut-off valve 10 causes in the case of a flexible, flexible or loose-fitting deformable and re-deformable hose 19 that this through the inside of the hose 19 prevailing medium pressure against the wall 13a of the housing 13 is pressed, so that the full inner diameter or hollow cross-section of the hose 19 is available for gas supply to the regulator.

As long as the high pressure is above a predetermined threshold pressure of the pressure switch 11 If this condition is maintained, the user of the compressed air supply can use the regulator and the shut-off valve 10 unimpeded breathing air from the medium pressure connection of the pressure reducer 101 remove. If the high pressure approaches a predetermined reserve pressure, which is usually around 50 bar, due to the increasing evacuation of compressed air cylinders, the pressure on the hollow piston will predominate 38 acting pressure force of the spring 43 opposite to the ring end face 38c acting gas pressure, so that the hollow piston 38 together with the sleeve 42 through the spring 43 from the valve plate 44 is pushed away and thus the working chamber 41 pneumatically with the high pressure connection 132 of the pressure reducer 101 combines. Through the overflow hole 41f the overflow throttle 41e Gradually gas flows into the working chamber with the residual pressure 41 , The one in the working chamber 41 prevailing pressure is above the control channel 28 , the passage 30 the cuff 35 and the control channel 22 in the case 13 on the outside 19a deformable and deformable hose 19 on, leaving the hose 19 after opening the valve 42 . 44 with the reserve pressure (for example, 50 bar) slowly increasing outside is applied. The reserve pressure is always higher than the mean pressure, which is inside the hose 19 prevails. Thus, the externally applied reserve pressure causes after opening the valve 42 . 44 a lift off the on the inner wall 13a adjacent hose areas of the hose 19 , which circulating, the gas passage in the shut-off valve 10 narrowing to the central axis of the shut-off valve 10 be pressed. The material for the hose 19 is chosen or dimensioned such in the wall thickness that the residual pressure, which when the valve is open 42 . 44 on the outside 19a of the hose 19 rests on the hose 19 deformed so far that after a certain time a complete shut-off of the gas passage of the shut-off valve 10 is reachable. The gradually increasing constriction of the gas passage in the shut-off valve 10 the user of the respiratory gas feels as a slowly rising respiratory resistance, which draws his attention to the fact that his compressed gas supply in the compressed gas cylinder has approached the reserve supply. Thus the constriction of the hose 19 and thus the obstruction of the gas passageway 10 in the shut-off valve is not abrupt, is the passage throttle 41e in the sleeve 42 adjusted so that in the working chamber and thus on the outside 19a of the hose 19 the pressure rises so slowly to the residual pressure or reserve pressure that the user of the compressed air cylinder can perform at least two breaths, during which he notes the increasing breathing resistance, until a complete constriction of the gas passage through the shut-off valve 10 entry.

After the user has a rising Respiratory resistance has noticed, this pressed on the handles 54a . 54b the vent valve 12 , in which in the meantime on the passage 46 and the hose 48 likewise the residual pressure or the reserve pressure is present. When operating the bleeder valve 12 becomes the shift shaft 52 axially in the transverse bore 51b moved so that the head end 59 of the valve lifter 57 out of the groove 52a is lifted and zuliegen on the cylindrical outside of the shift shaft comes. This has the consequence that the valve plate 56 through the valve lifter 57 from the valve seat 61 is lifted and pressurized gas with residual pressure in the cavity of the screw plug 65 can flow, this via the vent hole 64 , the resistance of the sealing O-ring 67 overcoming into the open, that is to say escape into the surrounding water. This reduces the pressure in the working chamber 41 and thus on the outside 19a of the hose 19 causing the constriction of the hose 19 is made reshaped, so that the user of the breathing air supply unhindered breathing air can be removed from the compressed air supply. After actuation of the bleeder valve 12 remains the above-described flow path from the working chamber 41 about the breakthrough 46 , the connection hose 48 , the longitudinal bore 51a , the valve 61 . 56 and the vent hole 64 received to the outside, so that the user is constantly warned by escaping air, which is visible as ascending gas bubbles, that he already consumed by the reserve air intake and has to take appropriate measures to ensure a further breathing air supply (emergence or replacement of the compressed air cylinders) ,

In the case of a deformable and deformable hose 19 From an intrinsically elastic material, this supports the release of the gas passage cross-section in the shut-off valve by elastic re-deformation 10 , In the case of a non-elastic, bendable, pliable or self-liming material for the hose 19 causes the after actuation of the vent valve 12 inside the hose 19 overwhelming gas medium pressure re-pressing the hose 19 to the inner wall 13a of the housing 13 ,

In any case, however, it is ensured that after actuation of the vent valve 12 by the Atemgasnutzer another unhindered achievable with low work of breathing gas supply is ensured, so that an additional physical or psychological burden on the breathing gas user is avoided in the reserve mode. Furthermore, by accidental or intentional closing of the vent valve immediately residual pressure to the outside 19a of the hose 19 created and thus the breathing resistance in turn gradually increased, causing unintentional deactivation of the safety device 1 is excluded.

The security device 1 is in particular due to their structure of individual components, namely the pressure switch 11 , the shut-off valve 10 and the vent valve 12 particularly suitable for use on the pressure reducer 101 for reducing the pressure of a gas to be taken from a pressure vessel from a higher pressure to a lower, predetermined working pressure, in particular for compressed air cylinders of breathing or diving apparatus, which has a housing in which a connection opening for a high-pressure connection device is provided, which is in a Gaszuführkanal opens, which is a pressure reducing valve downstream, wherein the pressure reducing valve is guided by a guided in a working cylinder, a working space delimiting piston in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the piston and the working cylinder and the pressure reducing valve opens into the working space and wherein the end of the work space end face of the working cylinder at least one extending in the longitudinal axial direction Gasabführkanal is provided (see. 12 ). In this respect, the safety device is particularly suitable for combination with a fitting for compressed air cylinders.

The use of the safety device 1 on such a pressure reducer 101 allows in a particularly simple manner, the formation of a safety fitting for a compressed gas, especially compressed air supply, which is highly reliable and easy to set up and requires little maintenance. In addition, such a safety valve from the components pressure reducer 101 , Shut-off valve 10 , Pressure monitor 11 and bleed valve 12 easy to assemble and disassemble.

Such a known pressure reducer 101 will be described below on the basis of 4 to 11 explained in more detail.

The pressure reducer 101 ( 4 ) for SCBA has a substantially cuboid body 102 or a housing 102 with four right angles to each other oriented side surfaces 103 . 104 . 105 . 106 ( 9 ) and two opposite end faces 107 . 108 on. The pressure reducer is made of metal, in particular light metal, in particular titanium. The side surfaces 103 . 104 . 105 . 106 bump with rounded longitudinal edges 109 together.

From a frontal area 107 Her is along and centric around a longitudinal axis 110 of the body 102 a circular cylindrical recess or bore 111 in the body 102 introduced, which is about half of the longitudinal extent of the body 102 extends into this. The recess or bore 111 forms a cylinder or cylinder and is through a cylinder wall 112 and a cylinder end wall 113 limited. From the cylinder end wall 113 extends a circular cylindrical hole or a hole 116 longitudinally along the longitudinal axis 110 towards the face 108 , The hole 116 narrows with a step 117 to an axially to the end face 108 towards extending circular cylindrical blind hole 118 or to a blind hole. The hole or the hole 116 is designed as a threaded hole.

The hole or the hole 116 and the blind hole 118 or the blind bore extend approximately over half the length of the body 102 where the ratio of the length of the hole 116 to the blind hole 118 is about 1: 8. The diameter of the hole 116 corresponds to about 1/3 of the diameter of the hole 111 , The diameter of the blind hole 118 corresponds to about 1/6 of the diameter of the hole 111 ,

Parallel to the blind hole 118 is adjacent to a side surface 103 of the body 102 the cylinder wall 112 extending a bore 120 or a narrow, circular cylindrical hole in the cylinder end wall 113 brought in. The hole 120 opens adjacent to the end face 108 in one, in the face 108 introduced, for drilling 120 concentric tapping 121 , which has approximately a diameter which is twice as large as the diameter of the hole or the bore 120 , creating a step 122 is trained. The threaded hole 121 expands with a step 123 to the face 108 , The diameter of the hole or hole 120 corresponds approximately to the diameter of the blind hole 118 or is something further. The hole 120 serves as Atemgasableitkanal; the threaded hole 121 represents a connection area for working pressure consumers, ie the so-called medium pressure port.

Adjacent to the face 107 of the body 102 is the body 102 circular cylindrical with an external thread section 124 educated.

From the side surface 106 which of the side surface 103 is opposite, is approximately at the level of the closed end 119 the blind hole 118 perpendicular to the side surface 106 and to the longitudinal axis 110 a threaded hole or a hollow cylindrical threaded hole 126 in the body 102 introduced, which itself with a step 127 to a hollow cylindrical hole 128 or a hole 128 narrowed, which is in the blind hole 118 empties. Into the threaded hole 126 or the threaded hole is a connection piece in a conventional manner 130 screwed in for compressed air cylinders.

From the frontal area 108 is parallel and between longitudinal axis 110 and side surface 106 of the body 102 a threaded hole 132 introduced, which is spaced from the bore 128 ends. From the ground 133 the bore 132 extends obliquely to the longitudinal axis 110 a narrow, hollow cylindrical through hole or a narrow through hole 134 which are adjacent to the blind hole 118 into the hole or the hole 128 empties. The through hole 134 has a diameter in about 1/3 to 1/4 of the diameter of the holes 118 . 120 and 128 is.

In the hole 116 is a valve cartridge 137 arranged screwed. The valve cartridge 137 is a cylindrical body 138 with a cylinder jacket wall 139 , two opposite faces 140 . 141 and one adjacent to an end face 141 outwardly radially projecting ring land 142 , on which, from the frontal area 141 pointing away and with the edge of the Ringstegs 142 in alignment, an axial circular web 136 is arranged. The body 138 is formed axially longer than the bore 116 it's deep, so he's a bit out of it in the hole 111 protrudes so that the ring land 142 from the wall 113 is spaced.

The body 138 points from the face 141 an axial bore 143 which is about 3/4 of the length of the body 138 extends into it, so that with the end face 140 a wall 144 is trained. The hole 143 has a diameter which is approximately the diameter of the bore 118 equivalent. From the frontal area 140 Her is in the wall 144 an axial, frusto-conical recess 145 introduced, leading to the bore 143 rejuvenated and flows into it.

In the von Kreisringsteg 136 enclosed space is a circular disc-shaped body 146 positively, but mounted axially displaceable, wherein the body 146 axially thicker than that of the circular ring web 136 circumscribed space is deep, so when fully inserted body 146 this over the circular ring 136 survives.

Between wall 113 and ring bridge 142 the cartridge 137 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 110 a through hole 147 in the cylinder wall 139 arranged, which in the hole or the bore 143 empties. Along the longitudinal axis is at the to the cartridge body 138 facing surface of the flat circular cylindrical body 146 and through the hole 143 and the recess 145 extending a valve stem 150 arranged, which in the region of the recess 145 is formed cone-shaped widened. The valve stem 150 is form-fitting with the body 146 connected. Between body 146 and wall 144 is around the valve stem 150 a helical compression spring 151 at ordered, which are on the wall 144 and the body 146 supports and the cone-shaped widened trained area 152 of the valve stem 150 into the recess 145 presses, to which it is positively formed correspondingly shaped. The valve stem 150 is thinner than the mouth of the recess 145 into the hole 143 ,

In the hole 111 superimposed axially displaceably supports a piston 154 , The piston 154 is an elongated cylindrical body and has a projecting, annular piston crown 155 on that a piston bottom 156 limited. In the the piston bottom 156 opposite front side 157 of the piston 154 is a hole 158 introduced so that the piston 154 to the bottom 156 hollow cylindrical with a cylindrical Kolbenmantelwandung 159 is trained. At the height of the piston crown 156 is in the cylindrical Kolbenmantelwandung 159 a radial annular groove 160 introduced, in which a sealing ring 161 with pressure between pistons 154 and cylinder wall 112 the bore 111 outsourced. The piston 154 , the cylinder wall 112 and the cylinder end wall 113 form or limit a work space 162 of the working cylinder 111 ,

On the male thread section 124 of the pressure reducer body 102 is a cup-shaped cap 164 arranged screwed, the outer diameter of which is substantially the body 102 equivalent.

In the cap floor 163 is a flat screw 165 arranged screwed, which has an axial central bore 166 and to the body 102 pointing at its inner surface 167 around the hole 166 around a cylindrical projection 168 having. Between screw 165 and piston bottom 156 is a helical compression spring 170 arranged, which the piston 154 with the piston bottom 156 on the body 146 suppressed. The tension of the screws can be adjusted by twisting the screw 165 be enlarged or reduced. The feather 170 lies with its initial Schraubengängen to the projection 168 around at the screw 165 on, so that a lateral deflection of the coil spring is prevented.

In a further embodiment ( 5 ) is the cap 164 in cross-section U-shaped with a cup-shaped depressions 171 , one of these limiting bottom wall 176 and one the depression 171 limiting jacket walls 172 educated. The jacket wall 172 indicates height of the bottom wall 176 an external thread with which the cap 164 in the body 102 is arranged screwed. In the bottom wall 176 is axially centrally a hole 173 present, being in the the hole 173 delimiting wall a radial groove 174 is present, in which a sealing ring 175 outsourced.

The piston 154 has in this embodiment instead of the cylinder jacket wall 159 a piston rod 178 on, extending along the longitudinal axis 110 from the piston bottom 156 to the cap 164 back and through the hole 173 extends, wherein the sealing ring 175 on the piston rod 178 with pressure applied.

In the area of the jacket wall 172 enclosed well 171 the cap 164 is a flat cylindrical disc 177 with a central axial hole 179 around the piston rod 178 arranged around, with the circular disk 177 axially on both sides with an upper and lower retaining ring 180 . 181 is kept limited, with the retaining rings 180 . 181 in one groove each 180a . 181a the piston rod 178 are arranged. In the hole 179 Limiting wall is a radial groove 182 present in which a sealing ring 183 with pressure between piston rod 178 and circular disk 177 outsourced. The circular disk 177 has a diameter which is approximately the inner diameter of the jacket wall 172 limited depression 171 corresponds, so the circular disk 177 stored in approximately positive fit in the depression. In the peripheral wall 184 the circular disk 177 is a radial groove 185 present in which a sealing ring 186 stores, with the pressure on the disc 177 and the jacket wall 172 is applied. In the partition 176 is axially deviating from the middle of a hole 189 introduced, in which a valve cartridge or a valve 190 screwed in, for example.

The piston bottom 156 , the cylinder jacket wall 112 of the working cylinder 111 and the bottom wall 176 limit a dense gas pressure chamber or gas cushion space 187 that by means of the valve 190 can be filled with gas, so that the piston 154 Gas pressure loaded on the body 146 rests or loads this.

in the The following explains how the pressure reducers work.

The pressure reducer 101 comes with the fitting 130 screwed in a conventional manner to a compressed air cylinder (not shown) and opened the valve. The breathing gas flows through the hole 126 screwed connection piece into the hole 128 and from there into the hole 118 , Through the hole or the through hole 134 The pressurized gas can also be in the area of the bore 132 get into the hole 132 the pressure monitor 11 is arranged screwed, with which the shut-off valve 10 is controlled.

By the force of the spring 151 the Ven tilschaft 150 with its conical area 152 first in the frusto-conical recess 145 the valve cartridge 137 held. By adjusting the screw 165 can the spring 170 be tense so that the piston 154 with his piston bottom 156 on the flat cylindrical body 146 pushes and against the force of the spring 151 the cone-shaped extended section 152 of the valve stem 150 lifts from his seat. Between the frusto-conical recess 145 and the cone-shaped extended area 152 of the valve stem 150 can now gas in the area of the hole 143 and out of the hole 147 out into the area of the hole 111 or the room 162 reach. Because of the narrow gap between the frusto-conical recess 145 and the cone-shaped extended area 152 of the valve stem 150 only a small amount of gas from the high pressure area or the bore 118 into the valve cartridge 137 can flow in, is the gas pressure in the area of the valve cartridge 137 or the room 162 reduced in pressure.

From the hole 111 or the room 162 the gas flows with reduced pressure into the hole or the hole 120 , In the tapped hole 121 is the shut-off valve 10 screwed in, so that in the initial state of the safety device 1 at a regulator (not shown) the reduced pressure, which in the bore 120 prevails, rests. In the embodiment in which the piston 154 with the spring 170 is loaded, prevails in the area between pistons 154 and cap 164 through the hole 166 ensured by the external pressure. If this external pressure increases, it will add to the force of the spring 170 another pressure force on the piston 154 exercised, which this compressive force on the flat circular cylindrical body 146 on the valve stem 150 or the spring 151 exerts and so the frustoconical widened area of the valve stem 150 further from the frusto-conical recess 145 and thus enables a higher gas flow, which in turn increases the working pressure at the regulator.

In the second embodiment, the gas pressure or gas pressure cushion space 187 between piston crown 156 and partition 176 the cap 164 through the valve cartridge 190 filled with gas, so that on the piston 154 or the flat circular cylindrical body 146 a pressure equivalent to that of the coil spring 170 the first embodiment is exercised. If the external pressure increases, the external pressure exerts over the circular disc 177 and the circlips 180 . 181 an additional pressure force on the piston rod 178 out, leaving the piston 154 in addition to the pressure force of the gas between the piston crown 156 and bottom wall 176 a force on the valve stem 150 or the spring 151 exercises. This also causes the gas flow through the valve cartridge 137 and thereby increases the working pressure.

A bridge 195 ( 6 ) to form a safety fitting with the connection of two pressure reducer 101 has a cuboid bridge body or bridge housing 196 with four right angles to each other oriented side surfaces 197 . 198 . 199 . 200 on which parallel and along a longitudinal axis 201 are arranged and have two opposite end surfaces 202 . 203 on which perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 201 are oriented.

From the faces 202 . 203 Threaded holes or threaded holes are in each case the same way 204 concentric about the longitudinal axis 201 in the bridge body 196 arranged arranged. The threaded holes 204 extend over a length in the body 196 into it, which is about 1/4 to 1/5 of the length of the body 196 along the longitudinal axis 201 equivalent. The threaded holes 204 have a diameter of about 2/3 of the width of the body 196 between the side surfaces 197 . 199 is.

At a hole ground 205 the threaded holes 204 is ever a blind hole 206 concentric with the longitudinal axis 201 arranged, which extends from a wide hole area 207 to a narrow blind hole area 208 with a step 209 narrows. The diameter of the other hole area 207 is about half the diameter of the threaded hole 204 ; the diameter of the narrow blind hole area about 1/4 of the diameter of the threaded hole 204 , The hole grounds or perforated floors 210 the blind hole areas 208 are about 1/10 of the length of the body 196 away from each other, with the blind holes 206 and the threaded holes 204 aligned. The threaded holes 204 are used to screw in or connect each of a pressure reducer 101 ,

Transversely centered on the longitudinal axis 201 and based on opposing side surfaces 197 . 199 of the body 196 are with a transverse center, the longitudinal axis 201 cutting transverse axis 214 in alignment or concentric about this one threaded hole or a threaded hole 215 . 216 in the bridge body 196 arranged arranged, which by a concentric to the transverse axis 214 and the longitudinal axis 201 cutting through-hole 217 or a through hole are connected to each other.

The threaded holes 215 . 216 in the side areas 197 . 199 extend each 1/3 of the width of the bridge body 196 between the side surfaces 197 . 198 in the bridge body 196 into it.

The threaded hole 215 in the side area 197 has a diameter that is about 1/6 of the length of the bridge body 196 along the longitudinal axis 201 equivalent. The threaded hole 216 in the side surface 197 has a diameter which is about 1/3 of the length of the bridge body 196 along the longitudinal axis 201 equivalent. The through hole 217 which are the threaded holes 215 . 216 connects, has a diameter in about 1/3 to 1/4 of the diameter of the threaded hole 215 matches, so the threaded holes 215 . 216 each with a step 218 . 219 into the through hole 217 pass. Into the threaded hole 215 is in a conventional manner a connector 130 for a compressed air cylinder (not shown).

In the ground or the step 219 are on both sides of the transverse axis 214 and at the level of the longitudinal axis 201 two about the axis 214 diametrically opposite holes or holes 222 introduced, which in the blind holes 206 adjacent to the hole grounds 210 lead. The holes 222 widen to the step 219 or to the surface each with a ball-shaped spherical fit 223 on. 90 ° to the pass seats 223 offset and to the axis 214 equally spaced are two diametrically opposite spherical segmental Kugelrastsitze 224 in the surface of the step 219 arranged inlaid ( 7 ).

Into the threaded hole 216 is a cap 227 on or on the side surface 199 screwed. The cap 227 is a cup-shaped body with a thick bottom wall 228 and one of the bottom wall 228 extending away, hohlzy-lindrischen Mantelwandung 229 , which is a hollow cylindrical area 240 circumscribed. The thickness of the bottom wall 228 corresponds approximately to the height of the jacket wall 229 , The jacket wall 229 is to her free front edge 230 out with a step 231 formed with an offset inwardly tapered, wherein the tapered jacket wall area 232 has an external thread, which with the thread of the threaded hole 216 corresponds.

In the stage 231 is to the bottom wall 228 towards a radial annular groove 233 introduced, in which a sealing ring 234 outsourced. The height of the jacket wall area 232 is sized so that when screwed on the cap 227 on the bridge body 196 the stage 231 with sealing ring 234 with pressure on the side surface 199 rests.

In the bottom wall 228 is central and concentric to the transverse axis 214 a continuous cylindrical hole or a bore 237 available.

In the of the stage 219 and the jacket wall 229 bounded hollow cylindrical space 240 is a cylindrical body 241 with two opposite cylindrical faces 242 . 243 and a cylinder jacket surface connecting them 244 arranged. The cylindrical body is sized to suit all the space 240 bordering surfaces has a small distance or a game. At the stage 219 opposite end face 242 of the body 241 is centrally axially in one piece a cylindrical bolt 245 formed, which extends through the hole 237 through the outside of the bottom wall 228 the cap 227 extends and overhangs this.

The bolt 245 rests positively and rotatably in the bore 237 where he is with respect to the axis 214 a piece spaced from each other two annular grooves 246b having a rectangular cross-section, in each of which a sealing ring 246 rests, leaving the bolt 245 in the hole 237 with respect to the axis 214 is designed radially and axially sealing.

At the surface 242 and the outer surface of the bolt 245 lying as well as in a bore 237 next to the room 240 stepped expanding annular groove 247 a sliding ring rests 248 on pressing. In the area 243 is from the cylinder surface 244 forth an L-shaped, in plan view of the area 243 narrow rectangular recess 252 arranged, which extends from the cylinder surface 244 over the transverse center or axis 214 extends a bit beyond. The width of the L-shaped recess corresponds approximately to the diameter of the through hole 217 ,

In extension of the recess 252 is approximately midway between axis 214 and cylinder jacket wall 244 a hole 253 arranged, which are different from the face 243 over about 2/3 to 3/4 in the cylindrical body 241 extends axially into it. From the hole bottom of the hole 253 is a central narrow through hole through the cylinder body 241 led, creating a step 255 between bore 253 and narrow bore 254 is trained. In the hole 253 is a helical compression spring 256 arranged, which at one end at the stage 255 supported. At or in the open end of the hole 253 is a ball 257 on the pen 256 arranged lying on which one to the ball suits 223 and the ball grid seats 224 has matching radius.

At the above the bottom wall 228 the cap 227 protruding free end 245a of the bolt 245 is a handwheel 258 non-positively and positively arranged.

Instead of a cylindrical body 241 can also do a hole 253 having, laterally from the bolt 245 protruding arm or finger 241 be provided, which is rectangular in cross section.

In a further embodiment of the cylindrical body 241 is the recess 252 U- or horseshoe-shaped so that the one free U-leg end in the region of the mouth of the through hole 217 is arranged and an outer free U-leg end of the recess 243 at the height of the holes 222 is arranged ( 8th ).

The following is the operation of the bridge 195 explained.

In a starting position, the ball rests 257 with by the spring 256 caused pressing in a Kugelrastsitz 224 while the ball fits 223 free and the associated holes 222 thus are consistent. The bridge will be with the connector 130 screwed in a conventional manner to a compressed air cylinder, so that through a central bore 130a of the connection piece 130 Gas, in particular breathing gas in the through hole 217 which serves as a gas supply channel and from there in the region of the recess 252 in the room 240 that flows as a gas distribution room 240 serves. From the recess 252 or the room 240 the gas flows through the holes or holes 222 in the blind holes 206 and from there into the area of the threaded holes 204 or from there into the holes 128 the pressure reducer 101 , If you want to switch to only one pressure reducer, the handwheel is rotated by 90 °, whereby the bolt and the cylindrical body 241 or switching arm can also be rotated by 90 °. In this case, the ball first passes out of the region of a ball seat 224 , wherein the spring is compressed. After a 90 ° turn, the ball enters a ball-fit 223 , causing the cylindrical body 241 or the bolt 245 with hand wheel 258 locked. In this state, there is only one hole left 222 can be flowed through for a gas stream. If the handwheel is rotated further in the same direction of rotation by 90 °, the ball of the cylindrical body passes 241 in the next Kugelrastsitz 224 , so that now again both pressure reducer are flowed through by gas.

In a further advantageous embodiment ( 9 to 11 ) are the main body 102 the pressure reducer 101 and the bridge body 196 the bridge 195 integrally formed. The blind holes 206 or drilling the bridge 195 are in this embodiment up to the side surfaces 103 . 105 the pressure reducer basic body 102 led or go into the holes 128 the pressure reducer 101 over, with which they are aligned and which to the side surface 103 . 105 are guided. The holes 206 respectively. 128 cut the holes 118 the pressure reducer 101 slightly spaced above the valve cartridges 137 , so through the blind holes 206 flowing gases through the valve cartridges 137 in holes 120 can reach. The mouths 206a the blind holes 206 in the side areas 103 . 106 the pressure reducer can be closed with screws; However, it can also devices such as manometers are connected to these mouths. The one-piece arrangement is both in the use of spring-loaded piston ( 10 ) as well as gas pressure loaded piston ( 11 ) possible.

In a further embodiment of a pressure reducer with a spring-loaded piston ( 10 ) is to protect the space of the cap 164 and the piston 154 is limited, from penetrating moisture, especially when diving, a membrane 260 slightly spaced from the screw 165 with a diaphragm nut 261 on the screw 165 or the cap 164 in the area of the cap bottom 163 screwed. The membrane screw 261 also has an axial central hole 262 on. The ambient pressure that is exerted by the water, for example when diving, thus acts through the hole 262 indirectly via the membrane 260 and the hole 166 on the cap 164 and pistons 154 limited interior.

In a further embodiment of a pressure reducer with gasdruckbelastastetem piston 154 ( 11 ) is the space of the jacket wall 172 the cap 164 and the circular disk 177 is bounded, covering outwardly or sealingly in the same way a membrane 260 with one on the jacket wall 172 axially screwed membrane screw 261 arranged, wherein also in this case a central axial bore 262 in the membrane screw 261 is present, through which the external pressure, in particular water pressure, indirectly on the disc 177 or the piston rod 178 can work. The membrane is made of flexible plastic, in particular made of rubber.

It is particularly advantageous if both the main body 102 as well as the bridge body 196 made of lightweight yet sturdy materials such as light metal alloys or titanium.

To get an absolutely tight fit of the ball 257 in the ball suits 223 to reach are the bullets 257 preferably made of a high strength smooth ceramic such as aluminum titanate, alumina or silicon nitride.

To lower the mass of the piston, the pistons are 154 preferably also light metal, in particular made of titanium.

The given dimensions and diameters are only comparative values. Likewise, the spatial arrangement of the holes can be made in other ways, without affecting the utility value. In particular, in the bore or cylinder 111 opening holes, especially the bore 120 be present several times to additional lung car maten or medium pressure consumers to connect. The holes 120 can, as from the 10 and 11 is apparent, adjacent to other side walls 104 . 105 . 106 the pressure reducer in the edge area of the cylinder 111 be arranged. In addition, the high pressure connections or the holes 134 and 132 be present several times.

The construction of the valve cartridge 137 is only an example; Of course, all other known valves can be used, in which the flow rate can be controlled by means of a plunger (valve stem).

Of course, everyone can Gasdruckbeaufschlagten moving parts, but also all threads with gaskets, such as O-rings or sliding rings in annular grooves or similar Be provided seals.

at This pressure reducer is advantageous that when removing the Respiratory gas from the pressure reducer by the user an injector effect exercised the piston is, d. H. inhaling the breathing gas, the piston is attracted and the pressure reducing valve opens a little further so that the pressure drop by inflowing Gas from the high pressure area can be compensated. Through this Design greatly reduces the user's work of breathing.

In addition, by the rectilinear, one behind the other arrangement of the cylinder 111 , the hole 120 and the connection 121 as well as the arrangement of the bore 120 minimizing turbulence in the flow area of the gas in the edge region of the cylinder, which reduces the work of breathing and reduces the pressure drop in the gas ducts.

at the use of titanium pistons makes this advantage special strongly noticeable. In particular, the control processes run faster from.

at the bridge to form a safety fitting for compressed air cylinders is from Advantage that this from the user with high reliability especially easy to use in stressful or panic situations particularly easy to reach and easy to control.

A security device 1 can in a particularly preferred manner for forming a safety gas sampling valve for a compressed gas supply ( 12 ) with a pressure reducer according to 11 be combined, with the pressure switch 11 with the high pressure connection 132 and the shut-off valve 10 with the medium pressure connection 121 of the pressure reducer 101 connected is.

Claims (54)

Safety device ( 1 ) for a pressurized gas supply, in particular a compressed air supply, for respiratory or diving equipment for reporting a residual gas pressure to a user of the compressed gas supply by increasing the breathing resistance, with a pressure monitor valve ( 11 ), which is acted upon by the pressure of the gas supply, and with one with the pressure control valve ( 11 ) associated shut-off valve ( 10 ) connected between a medium pressure port of a pressure reducer ( 101 ) and a regulator is switched and the passage cross-section is reduced to increase the breathing resistance at a drop of the gas supply pressure to a certain residual pressure, and with a means for canceling the reduction of the passage cross-section of the check valve ( 10 ), characterized in that the shut-off valve ( 10 ) a valve member in the form of a deformable and deformable tube ( 19 ) in the gas passageway of the medium pressure, wherein an outer side ( 19a ) of the hose ( 19 ) via the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) with a high-pressure connection ( 132 ) of the pressure reducer ( 101 ) is connected in such a way that when the residual pressure reaches the outside ( 19a ) of the hose ( 19 ) and the deformable and re-deformable hose ( 19 ), so that the gas passage is constrictable. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) with the high-pressure connection ( 132 ) of the pressure reducer ( 101 ) is connected in such a way that when the residual pressure reaches the outside ( 19a ) of the hose ( 19 ) and the deformable and re-deformable hose ( 19 ), so that the gas passage can be narrowed until it closes. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner diameter of the deformable and re-deformable hose ( 19 ) the passage cross section of the shut-off valve ( 10 ). Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an actuatable venting valve ( 12 ) as means for restoring the gas passage cross-section of the hose ( 19 ) is provided, wherein the residual pressure with a closed vent valve ( 12 ) completely on the deformable and re-deformable hose ( 19 ) and with the vent valve open ( 12 ) the residual pressure on the deformable and re-deformable hose ( 19 ) by relieving it via the vent valve ( 12 ) is degradable. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that the vent valve ( 12 ) is manually operable. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the deformable and deformable hose ( 19 ) consists of an elastic material. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the deformable and deformable hose ( 19 ) consists of a flexible, pliable or self-limp material. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the deformable and deformable hose ( 19 ) consists of an elastomer. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 8, characterized in that the elastomer is a rubber or silicone. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the deformable and deformable hose ( 19 ) consists of a rubberized or gas-tight impregnated fabric hose. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that the venting valve ( 12 ) via a bendable, pressure-resistant connection hose ( 48 ) with an outlet ( 26 ) of the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) and the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) and the shut-off valve ( 10 ) over an eight-shaped in plan view cuff ( 35 ) are pneumatically and mechanically interconnected. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) and the shut-off valve ( 10 ) substantially cylindrical housing ( 13 . 23 ) whose cylinder center axes are arranged parallel to one another, wherein the housings ( 13 . 23 ) are arranged at a small distance from each other. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the deformable and deformable hose ( 19 ) has longitudinally extending partitions in the interior. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 13, characterized in that the hose ( 19 ) has a honeycomb-shaped spatial form in cross-section. Safety device ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the deformable and deformable tube ( 19 ) is formed from an outside gas-tight coated and pore-containing material. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 15, characterized in that the hose ( 19 ) Is formed from a gas-tight outside coated cylinder strand of a sponge. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the user is supplied via the regulator with breathing gas, the medium pressure via the pressure reducer ( 101 ) is regulated such that it is about 10 bar above the prevailing external pressure. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the cylindrical housing ( 13 ) of the shut-off valve ( 10 ) an inner surface ( 13a ) and end with an inlet port ( 14 ) and an outlet ( 15 ), wherein the connecting pieces ( 14 . 15 ) are formed as separate parts and external thread for screw connection with respective internal threads at the ends of the housing ( 13 ), wherein for sealing the connecting piece ( 14 . 15 ) O-ring seals ( 16 . 17 ) between shoulders of the connecting pieces ( 14 . 15 ) and a ring edge at the ends of the housing ( 13 ) are arranged, wherein the inlet nozzle ( 14 ) at the medium pressure connection ( 121 ) of the pressure reducer ( 101 ) and the outlet ( 15 ) for connecting the shut-off valve ( 10 ) with the lung machine. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 18, characterized in that the outer diameter of the rebreathing hose ( 19 ) the inner diameter of the cylindrical housing ( 13 ), wherein in an initial state of the deformable and re-deformable hose ( 19 ) with its outer wall ( 19a ) preferably positively and / or over the entire surface of the inner surface ( 13a ) of the housing ( 13 ) is present. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that for fastening the hose ( 19 ) in the housing ( 13 ) is provided a clamping seat, which is respectively arranged in the region of the hose end and by an annular axial extension ( 20 ) of the inlet nozzle ( 14 ) and by a similar axial annular extension ( 21 ) of the outlet ( 15 ), wherein the extensions ( 20 . 21 ) in the housing ( 13 ) and between its annular outer sides and the cylindrical inner side ( 13a ) of the housing ( 13 ) the ends of the deformable and deformable tube ( 19 ) in the press fit. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 20, characterized in that the housing ( 13 ) in the area of renewals ( 20 . 21 ) has a larger inner diameter, so that the deformable and re-deformable hose ( 19 ) stepped circumferentially extended in the housing ( 13 ) sits. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the outside ( 19a ) of the hose ( 19 ) applying pressure medium a constriction of the deformable and re-deformable tube ( 19 ), wherein compressed gas from the pressurized gas supply from the high pressure port ( 132 ) of the pressure reducer ( 101 ) via the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) to the outside ( 19a ) of the hose ( 19 ). Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 12 to 22, characterized in that the housing ( 13 ) a control channel ( 22 ), which the wall of the housing ( 13 ) at half the axial longitudinal extent of the housing ( 13 ) and to the outside of the housing ( 13 ) and leads to its inside. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 23, characterized in that the control channel ( 22 ) on the inside ( 13a ) of the housing ( 13 ) opens into a circumferential annular channel. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 12 to 24, characterized in that the cylindrical housing ( 23 ) of the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) in approximately the same dimensions as the housing ( 13 ) of the shut-off valve ( 10 ) and spaced adjacent thereto and preferably arranged to extend parallel. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 12 to 25, characterized in that the housing ( 23 ) of the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) is integrally formed, wherein at a first end an inlet nozzle ( 24 ) and at the other end the housing ( 23 ) with an outlet ( 26 ), which is considered by the housing ( 23 ) is formed separate part, wherein the outlet ( 26 ) by means of an O-ring ( 27 ) opposite the housing ( 23 ) is sealed. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 26, characterized in that the outlet nozzle ( 26 ) into an internal thread at the end of the housing ( 23 ) of the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) is screwed. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) via the inlet nozzle ( 24 ) with the high-pressure connection ( 132 ) of the pressure reducer) ( 101 ) is connectable. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 23 to 28, characterized in that the housing ( 23 ) of the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) a control channel ( 28 ), which the wall of the housing ( 23 ) penetrated radially and into the interior of the housing ( 23 ) and in its external environment, the housing ( 23 ) of the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) to the housing ( 13 ) of the shut-off valve ( 10 ) is arranged such that the control channels ( 22 . 28 ) are at identical height, the mouth of the control channel ( 28 ) of the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) of the mouth of the control channel ( 22 ) of the shut-off valve ( 10 ), so that the control channels ( 28 . 22 ) are aligned with each other. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 29, characterized in that between the housings ( 13 . 23 ) a connector ( 29 ), which has a passage ( 30 ) connected to the control channels ( 22 . 28 ) is aligned, so that a gas transmission via the control channels ( 22 . 28 ) and the passage ( 30 ) is guaranteed. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 30, characterized in that the connecting piece ( 29 ) consists of metal. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that the connecting piece ( 29 ) Part of the cuff ( 35 ), whereby over the connecting piece ( 29 ) two receiving sleeves ( 35a . 35b ) for the housing ( 13 . 23 ) are integrally connected, wherein the receiving sleeves ( 35a . 35b ) have an inner diameter which corresponds to the outer diameter of the housing ( 13 . 23 ) corresponds. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 32, characterized in that the housings ( 13 . 23 ) adjacent to the control channels ( 22 . 28 ) on the outside circumferential annular grooves, in which O-rings ( 31 . 32 . 33 . 34 ) are arranged so that the receiving sleeves ( 35a . 35b ) of the cuff ( 35 ) the control channels ( 22 . 28 ) gas-tight enclosure. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 32 or 33, characterized in that the cuff ( 35 ) on an outside of the housings ( 13 . 23 ) and mounted by means of a retaining ring ( 36 ) in the axial direction with respect to the housing ( 13 . 23 ). Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 34, characterized in that the retaining ring ( 36 ) is a circlip. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 26 to 35, characterized in that the housing ( 23 ) of the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) an inner bore ( 11a ) having areas of different diameter, wherein the inner bore ( 11a ) their smallest diameter in the region of the inlet nozzle ( 24 ) and in the passage cross-section of the inlet nozzle ( 24 ) a first throttle ( 37 ) with a throttle bore ( 37a ) is arranged. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 36, characterized in that the first throttle ( 37 ) is designed as a gas flow restriction throttle, wherein the diameter of the Drosselboh tion ( 37a ) is dimensioned such that the maximum pressure gas loss is limited. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 37, characterized in that the diameter of the throttle bore ( 37a ) is dimensioned such that the maximum pressure gas loss is limited to 100 l / min. Safety device ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 36 to 38, characterized in that the inner bore ( 11a ) in the region of the passage cross-section of the inlet nozzle ( 24 ) a slightly larger area inwardly from the inlet port ( 24 ), in which a form-fit a ring or hollow piston ( 38 ) with an axial through-bore ( 38a ) is guided axially displaceable, which opposite the bore ( 11a ) by means of two O-rings ( 39 . 40 ) is sealed. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 39, characterized in that the hollow piston ( 38 ) Einlassstutzenseitig the axial through-bore ( 38a ) surrounding an annular end face ( 38c ) and at the opposite end ( 38b ) an annular end face ( 38d ), whose outer diameter relative to the annular end face ( 38c ) is slightly larger and the hollow piston ( 38 ) with its larger diameter end ( 38b ) in a diameter-largest region of the inner bore ( 11a ) of the housing ( 23 ), which has a working chamber ( 41 ) protrudes. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 40, characterized in that the larger diameter in the upper end ( 38b ) of the hollow piston ( 38 ) an axial through hole ( 38a ) surrounding sleeve ( 42 ) the through-hole ( 38a ) extends, wherein at the hollow piston end of the sleeve ( 42 ) the through-hole ( 38a ) is narrowed annularly, so that an overflow throttle ( 41e ) with a Überströmdrosselbohrung ( 41f ), wherein the overflow throttle bore ( 41f ) compared to the throttle bore ( 37a ) of the inlet nozzle ( 24 ) has a smaller, in particular about a factor of 2 to 10 smaller passage cross-section. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 41, characterized in that the upper end of the sleeve ( 42 ) an axial bore ( 42b ) of a threaded ring ( 42a ), which with its external thread in engagement with an internal thread in this region of the inner bore ( 11a ) of the housing ( 23 ) and parallel to the axial bore ( 42b ) at least one overflow bore ( 42c ) having the threaded ring ( 42a ), wherein the threaded ring ( 42a ) an abutment for one end of a spring formed as a compression spring ( 43 ) which forms the sleeve ( 42 ) and surrounds with the other end at the larger diameter upper end ( 38b ) of the hollow piston ( 38 ) is supported, so that this towards the inlet port ( 24 ) is biased. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 41 or 42, characterized in that at the outlet nozzle-side end of the inner bore ( 11a ) through a lens ( 45 ), which are integral with the outlet ( 26 ) is formed and wherein the sleeve ( 42 ) pointing in the lens ( 45 ) a sealing washer ( 44 ) whose outer diameter is greater than the diameter of the annular upper edge of the sleeve ( 42 ) and adjacent to the inner wall of the housing ( 23 ) in the lens ( 45 ) a passage ( 46 ), which forms the lens ( 45 ) and thus the working chamber ( 41 ) with the inner bore of the outlet ( 26 ), the cross-section of the passage ( 46 ) is greater than that of the overflow throttle bore ( 41f ), in particular 2 to 10 times larger than this. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 11 to 43, characterized in that in the outlet ( 26 ) a connection piece ( 47 ) of the connecting tube ( 48 ) is screwed, the other connector ( 49 ) with the vent valve ( 12 ), the fittings ( 47 . 49 ) standard throttle bores ( 47a . 49a ) whose cross-section approximately to that of the throttle bore ( 37a ) of the inlet nozzle ( 24 ) of the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ), so that in case of damage to the connecting tube ( 48 ) or damage to the connecting hose ( 48 ) pneumatically downstream vent valve ( 12 ) the maximum pressure loss is limited. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 44, characterized in that the vent valve ( 12 ) a housing ( 50 ), which at one end in one piece with a connecting piece ( 51 ) for receiving the connector ( 49 ) of the verb hose ( 48 ) is trained. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 45, characterized in that the housing ( 50 ) of a first and second handle shell half ( 54a . 54b ), wherein the two handle shell halves ( 54a . 54b ) are arranged spaced from each other. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 45 or 46, characterized in that the housing ( 50 ) is penetrated by two mutually perpendicular bores, namely a main bore ( 51a ) as an axial extension of the inner bore of the connecting piece ( 51 ) and a transverse bore ( 51b ) perpendicular to the main bore ( 51a ) and this in the connection region of the connecting piece ( 51 ) on the housing ( 50 ) and in the transverse bore ( 51b ) axially displaceable a switching shaft ( 52 ) sitting at both ends of the hole ( 51b protruding) and on one end of a circlip ( 53 ), while the other end in a fitting bore of the first handle shell half ( 54a ) engaging the housing ( 50 ) encloses about halfway. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 47, characterized in that the first handle shell half ( 54a ) consists of a handy material such as plastic. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 47 or 48, characterized in that the handle shell halves ( 54a . 54b ) with a recess for the passage of the connecting piece ( 51 ) and with a further recess on, the connecting piece ( 51 ) opposite end of the housing ( 50 ), the venting end of the venting valve ( 12 ), and the second handle shell half ( 54b ) by means of a screw ( 55 ) above the switching shaft ( 52 ) on the housing ( 50 ), wherein the second handle shell half ( 54b ) below the screw ( 55 ) at the level of the transverse bore ( 51b ) a recess (FIG. 54e ) having. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 47 to 49, characterized in that in the main bore ( 51a ) of the housing ( 50 ) a valve member is arranged, which is a valve plate ( 56 ), which with a valve tappet ( 57 ), which is coaxial with the longitudinal central axis of the main bore ( 51a ), by means of a larger diameter ring part ( 58 ) radially at a narrowing point of the main bore ( 51a ) and with a rounded headboard ( 59 ) in a groove ( 52a ) on the outer circumference of the switching shaft ( 52 ), wherein the valve tappet ( 57 ) with his head end ( 59 ) by spring force against the groove ( 52a ) of the switching shaft ( 52 ) is biased and the spring force by a compression spring ( 60 ) for the valve plate ( 56 ), which is located on the back of the valve plate ( 56 ) and at the other end at a sack end of a main bore ( 51a ) of the housing ( 50 ) closing hollow-drilled screw plug ( 65 ) is supported. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 50, characterized in that by the compression spring ( 60 ) the valve plate ( 56 ) against a valve seat ( 61 ) is pressed in the form of a raised edge of an annular disc ( 62 ) located in the main bore ( 51a ) of the housing ( 50 ) the valve tappet ( 57 ) is arranged surrounding and from the valve stem ( 57 ) penetrated centrally and opposite the housing ( 50 ) by means of an O-ring ( 63 ) is sealed. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 50 or 51, characterized in that the main bore ( 51a ) of the housing ( 50 ) in the area of the sack end of the screw plug ( 65 ) via a radial vent hole ( 64 ), which one opposite the Überströmdrosselbohrung ( 41f ) of the sleeve ( 24 ) of the pressure monitor valve ( 11 ) has a larger, preferably about 2 to 10-fold cross-section, is in communication with the outside environment, wherein the closure screw ( 65 ) by means of an O-ring in the housing ( 50 ) is inserted sealingly. Safety device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 11 to 52, characterized in that the connecting tube ( 48 ) consists of pressure-resistant, flexible material. Safety device ( 1 ) according to claim 52 or 53, characterized in that in an annular groove of the locking screw ( 65 ) in the area of the vent hole ( 64 ) another O-ring ( 67 ), which prevents the ingress of dirt into the venting bore ( 64 ) avoids.