DE10062065A1 - Magnetic bearing device e.g. for electrical machine shaft, uses opposing magnets for supporting rotating part relative to stationary part in both axial and radial directions - Google Patents

Magnetic bearing device e.g. for electrical machine shaft, uses opposing magnets for supporting rotating part relative to stationary part in both axial and radial directions

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Publication number
DE10062065A1
DE10062065A1 DE10062065A DE10062065A DE10062065A1 DE 10062065 A1 DE10062065 A1 DE 10062065A1 DE 10062065 A DE10062065 A DE 10062065A DE 10062065 A DE10062065 A DE 10062065A DE 10062065 A1 DE10062065 A1 DE 10062065A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
bearing device
magnetic bearing
permanent magnets
axial
radial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE10062065A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Ekkehard Pittius
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DE10062065A priority Critical patent/DE10062065A1/en
Publication of DE10062065A1 publication Critical patent/DE10062065A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/09Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0408Passive magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0423Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other
    • F16C32/0429Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other for both radial and axial load, e.g. conical magnets
    • F16C32/0431Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other for both radial and axial load, e.g. conical magnets with bearings for axial load combined with bearings for radial load
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C39/00Relieving load on bearings
    • F16C39/06Relieving load on bearings using magnetic means
    • F16C39/063Permanent magnets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2380/00Electrical apparatus
    • F16C2380/26Dynamo-electric machines or combinations therewith, e.g. electro-motors and generators

Abstract

The magnetic bearing device has opposing permanent magnets (3-6) cooperating for supporting a rotating body (1), e.g. a shaft, relative relative to a stationary part (2), e.g. a bearing plate, in both radial and axial directions. The permanent magnets for providing the radial bearing forces are provided by radially magnetized permanent magnet rings (3,4) divided into segments in the peripheral direction.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine magnetische Lagereinrichtung ei­ nes sich um seine Längsachse drehenden Körpers, um oder in­ nerhalb eines feststehenden Teils.The invention relates to a magnetic bearing device egg body rotating about its longitudinal axis, around or in within a fixed part.

Zur Lagerung von beweglichen Bauteilen, z. B. Wellen elektri­ scher Maschinen werden bisher Wälz- oder Gleitlager einge­ setzt. Nachteilig bei diesen Lagern ist, dass eine Schmier­ stoffversorgung vorzusehen ist, die im Rahmen von Wartungs­ zyklen überprüft werden muss. Außerdem sind diese Lager ver­ schleißbehaftet, d. h. nach einer gewissen Anzahl von Be­ triebsstunden ist ein Austausch dieser Lager vorzunehmen.For the storage of moving components, e.g. B. waves electri Until now, rolling or plain bearings have been used in shear machines puts. The disadvantage of these bearings is that they are lubricated material supply is to be provided as part of maintenance cycles must be checked. In addition, these camps are ver weary, d. H. after a certain number of Be operating hours, these bearings must be replaced.

Einige dieser Nachteile werden durch aktive Magnetlager ver­ mieden. Es sind dafür aber eine Stromversorgung und eine ver­ gleichsweise aufwendige Regelung notwendig. Im Störfall ist die Funktion dieser Magnetlager nicht mehr gewährleistet.Some of these disadvantages are caused by active magnetic bearings avoided. But there is a power supply and a ver equally complex regulation necessary. In the event of a malfunction the function of these magnetic bearings is no longer guaranteed.

Ausgehend davon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ei­ ne Lagereinrichtung zu schaffen, die eine einfache robuste und möglichst verschleißfreie Lagerung aufweist.Based on this, the invention is based on the object ne storage facility to create a simple robust and has wear-free storage as possible.

Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe gelingt dadurch, dass die Lagerung durch Permanentmagnete erfolgt.The task is solved by the fact that Storage by permanent magnets.

Dabei beruht die Lagerwirkung auf der Abstoßung gegenüberlie­ gender gleichnamiger Pole der Permanentmagnete. Damit wird eine Berührung der Bauteile verhindert. Diese Lösung beinhal­ tet die Vorteile, dass eine derartige Lagerung verschleißfrei betrieben werden kann. Es sind außerdem keinerlei Wartungs­ zyklen vorzusehen, um die Funktionstüchtigkeit der Lagerein­ richtung zu erhalten. Eine derartige Lagerung ist außerdem frei von Verlusten, so dass sich dabei die abgegebene Wellen­ leistung erhöht und keine Wärme aus den Lagern abgeführt wer­ den muss. Eine derartige Lagerung ist außerdem sehr robust, da sie u. a. ohne äußere Stromversorgung wie vergleichbare ak­ tive Magnetlager auskommt.The bearing effect is based on the repulsion opposite gender pole of the permanent magnet of the same name. So that will prevents the components from touching. This solution included tet the advantages that such storage wear-free can be operated. There is also no maintenance cycles to ensure the functionality of the bearings to get direction. Such storage is also free of losses, so that the waves emitted performance increases and no heat is dissipated from the bearings  that must. Such storage is also very robust, since u. a. without external power supply like comparable ak tive magnetic bearings.

Um eine stabile Mittenlage des sich um seine Längsachse dre­ henden Körpers zu erhalten, ist eine radiale und axiale Lage­ rung durch Permanentmagnete vorgesehen. Die abstoßende Wir­ kung der gleichnamigen Pole der Permanentmagnete bewirkt die Beabstandung der Bauteile. Durch äußere Einflüsse, z. B. das Eigengewicht der Welle, eventuell vorhandene Radialkräfte stellt sich eine Auslenkung ein, die den sich um seine Längs­ achse drehenden Körper aus seiner Mittellage auslenkt. Dabei verstärkt sich aber die abstoßende Kraft in Richtung der Aus­ lenkung und wirkt in die entgegengesetzte Richtung und bewegt somit den sich um seine Längsachse drehenden Körper zurück in seine stabile Mittellage.To a stable center position of the dre around its longitudinal axis Maintaining the body is a radial and axial position tion provided by permanent magnets. The repulsive we The poles of the permanent magnets of the same name cause the Spacing of the components. Due to external influences, e.g. B. that Dead weight of the shaft, possibly existing radial forces there is a deflection that extends around its longitudinal axially rotating body from its central position. there but the repulsive force increases towards the end steering and acting in the opposite direction and moving thus the body rotating about its longitudinal axis back in its stable middle position.

Für die radiale Lagerung des sich um seine Längsachse drehen­ den Körpers sind Permanentmagnete vorgesehen, die radial mag­ netisiert sind. Sie sind in Umfangsrichtung unipolar aufge­ baut.For the radial mounting of the rotate around its longitudinal axis the body is provided with permanent magnets that like radial are netized. They are unipolar in the circumferential direction builds.

Damit ist in vorteilhafter Weise eine Radiallagerung durch zumindest einen Permanentmagnetring realisiert. Der Perma­ nentmagnetring kann auch segmentartig in Umfangsrichtung auf­ gebaut sein.This is advantageously a radial bearing realized at least one permanent magnet ring. The Perma The magnetic ring can also be segmented in the circumferential direction be built.

Der Permanentmagnetring ist in magnetisierbares Material ein­ gebettet.The permanent magnet ring is a magnetizable material embedded.

Durch unterschiedlich starke Magnetisierung der radial Magne­ te in Umfangsrichtung lässt sich z. B. die Magnetisierung der feststehenden Ringe oben schwächer als unten ausbilden, so dass sich über eine derartige Magnetisierung eine geometrisch zentrisch stabile Mittellage, insbesondere bei schweren Wel­ len elektrischer Maschinen, einstellen lässt. By varying the magnetization of the radial magnet te in the circumferential direction can, for. B. the magnetization of the make stationary rings weaker at the top than at the bottom, see above that such a magnetization is geometric Centrally stable middle position, especially in heavy wel electric machines.  

Die axiale Lagerung eines sich um seine Längsachse drehenden Körpers erfolgt durch axial magnetisierte Permanentmagnete.The axial bearing of a rotating around its longitudinal axis Body is made by axially magnetized permanent magnets.

Derartige magnetische Lagereinrichtungen werden unter anderem vorteilhafterweise für Wellen elektrischer Maschinen einge­ setzt.Such magnetic bearing devices are among others advantageously turned on for waves of electrical machines puts.

Die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gemäß Merkmalen der Unteransprüche werden im fol­ genden anhand schematisch dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele in der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin zeigen:The invention and further advantageous configurations of the Invention according to the features of the subclaims are in the fol genden on the basis of schematically illustrated embodiments explained in more detail in the drawing. In it show:

Fig. 1 Längsschnitt durch eine kombynierte Radial-/Axial­ lagerung, Fig. 1 a longitudinal section through kombynierte radial / axial bearing,

Fig. 2 den Querschnitt einer Radiallagerung. Fig. 2 shows the cross section of a radial bearing.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine prinzipielle Darstellung eines Längsschnitts einer kombinierten Radial-/Axiallagerung. Dabei ist ein Teil einer Welle 1 einer nicht näher dargestellten elektrischen Maschine in einem feststehenden Teil 2, z. B. einem Lager­ schild dargestellt. Ein Luftspalt 12 bezeichnet den Raum zwi­ schen Welle 1 und feststehendem Teil 2. Die Welle 1 weist Permanentmagnete 3 und 5 auf, die für die Radiallagerung bzw. Axiallagerung vorgesehen sind. Diesen Permanentmagneten 3, 5 im feststehenden Teil 2 gegenübergestellt sind Permanentmag­ nete 4 und 6, die durch ihre Anordnung gegenüber den Perma­ nentmagneten 3, 5 und damit durch Abstoßung gleichnamiger Po­ le 10, 11 den Lagereffekt bewirken. Insbesondere für die Axi­ allagerung, die durch die Permanentmagnete 5 und 6 erreicht wird, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das feststehende Teil 2 zwei- oder mehrteilig ausgeführt ist, um die dargestellte Lagerform konstruktiv zu erreichen. Nord- 10 und Südpol 11 der Perma­ nentmagnete 3 bis 6 sind getrennt dargestellt. Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a longitudinal section of a combined radial / thrust bearing. A part of a shaft 1 of an electrical machine, not shown, is in a fixed part 2 , for. B. a bearing shield shown. An air gap 12 denotes the space between the shaft 1 and fixed part 2nd The shaft 1 has permanent magnets 3 and 5 , which are provided for the radial bearing or axial bearing. These permanent magnets 3 , 5 in the fixed part 2 are juxtaposed with permanent magnets 4 and 6 , which by their arrangement relative to the permanent magnets 3 , 5 and thus by repelling the same name le 10 , 11 cause the bearing effect. In particular for the axial positioning, which is achieved by the permanent magnets 5 and 6 , it is advantageous if the fixed part 2 is made in two or more parts in order to achieve the bearing shape shown constructively. North 10 and south pole 11 of the permanent magnets 3 to 6 are shown separately.

Fig. 2 zeigt in prinzipieller Darstellung die Radiallager für eine Welle 1. Die Radiallager sind dabei durch ringförmige angeordnete Permanentmagnete 3 und 4 ausgeführt, wobei die Permanentmagnete radial magnetisiert sind, d. h. in Umfangs­ richtung unipolar wirken. Die Ringe der einzelnen Permanent­ magnete 3 und 4 sind auch aus einzelnen Segmenten ausführbar. Fig. 2 shows a basic illustration of the radial bearing for a shaft 1. The radial bearings are designed by annular permanent magnets 3 and 4 , the permanent magnets being radially magnetized, ie acting unipolar in the circumferential direction. The rings of the individual permanent magnets 3 and 4 can also be carried out from individual segments.

Claims (9)

1. Magnetische Lagereinrichtung eines sich um seine Längsach­ se drehenden Körpers, um oder innerhalb eines feststehenden Teils, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lagerung ausschließlich durch Permanentmagnete (3-6) er­ folgt.1. Magnetic bearing device of a body rotating about its longitudinal axis, around or within a fixed part, characterized in that the bearing is followed exclusively by permanent magnets ( 3-6 ). 2. Magnetische Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Permanentmagnete (3-6) des drehenden und feststehenden Teils gegenüberliegen.2. Magnetic bearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnets ( 3-6 ) of the rotating and fixed part are opposite. 3. Magnetische Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine ra­ diale und axiale Lagerung durch Permanentmagnete (3-6) vorge­ sehen ist.3. Magnetic bearing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a ra diale and axial storage by permanent magnets ( 3-6 ) is easily seen. 4. Magnetische Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 3, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, dass die Perma­ nentmagnete (3, 4) zur radialen Lagerung radial magnetisiert sind.4. Magnetic bearing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the permanent magnets ( 3 , 4 ) are radially magnetized for radial storage. 5. Magnetische Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 4, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, dass die radiale Lagerung durch zumindest einen Permanentmagnetring (3, 4) er­ folgt.5. Magnetic bearing device according to claim 4, characterized in that the radial bearing by at least one permanent magnet ring ( 3 , 4 ) it follows. 6. Magnetische Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 5, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, dass die Perma­ nentmagnetringe (3, 4) segmentartig (15) in Umfangsrichtung aufgebaut sind.6. Magnetic bearing device according to claim 5, characterized in that the permanent magnet rings ( 3 , 4 ) are segment-like ( 15 ) in the circumferential direction. 7. Magnetische Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 6, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, dass die Perma­ nentmagnetringe (3, 4) in Umfangsrichtung verschieden stark magnetisiert sind. 7. Magnetic bearing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the Perma nentmagnetringe ( 3 , 4 ) are magnetized to different degrees in the circumferential direction. 8. Magnetische Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 4, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, dass die axiale Lagerung durch axial magnetisierte Permanentmagnete (5, 6) er­ folgt.8. Magnetic bearing device according to claim 4, characterized in that the axial bearing by axially magnetized permanent magnets ( 5 , 6 ) it follows. 9. Magnetische Lagereinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie für Wellen (1) elektrischer Maschinen anwendbar ist.9. Magnetic bearing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is applicable for shafts ( 1 ) of electrical machines.
DE10062065A 2000-12-13 2000-12-13 Magnetic bearing device e.g. for electrical machine shaft, uses opposing magnets for supporting rotating part relative to stationary part in both axial and radial directions Withdrawn DE10062065A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10062065A DE10062065A1 (en) 2000-12-13 2000-12-13 Magnetic bearing device e.g. for electrical machine shaft, uses opposing magnets for supporting rotating part relative to stationary part in both axial and radial directions

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10062065A DE10062065A1 (en) 2000-12-13 2000-12-13 Magnetic bearing device e.g. for electrical machine shaft, uses opposing magnets for supporting rotating part relative to stationary part in both axial and radial directions

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DE10062065A1 true DE10062065A1 (en) 2002-03-28

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004089588A1 (en) * 2003-04-09 2004-10-21 Berstorff Gmbh Drive unit for a granulator
WO2006116460A3 (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-12-14 Honeywell Int Inc Magnetic bearings for damping and/or isolation systems
EP1817505A1 (en) * 2004-08-25 2007-08-15 Norpropeller AS Bearing with permanent magnetic elements
WO2014117891A2 (en) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-07 Montres Breguet Sa Magnetic or electrostatic pivoting of horology runner
WO2016166006A1 (en) * 2015-04-16 2016-10-20 Montres Breguet S.A. Magnetic antishock system for a timepiece arbor

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3614181A (en) * 1970-07-02 1971-10-19 Us Air Force Magnetic bearing for combined radial and thrust loads
DE2136371A1 (en) * 1971-07-21 1973-02-01 Braun Karl MAGNETIC STORAGE OF SHAFTS OR THE LIKE
JPS5557716A (en) * 1978-10-20 1980-04-28 Toshiba Corp Magnetic bearing
JPS5597519A (en) * 1979-01-19 1980-07-24 Toshiba Corp Magnetic bearing
DE2938809A1 (en) * 1979-09-25 1981-04-02 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München MAGNETIC FLOATING BEARING
JPS5797918A (en) * 1980-12-10 1982-06-17 Hitachi Ltd Magnetic bearing
JPH01269719A (en) * 1988-04-21 1989-10-27 Secoh Giken Inc Magnetic bearing device
DE19715356A1 (en) * 1997-04-12 1998-10-22 Wtz Motoren & Maschforsch Gmbh Magnetic bearing for fast-rotating components e.g. centrifuge or flywheel
JPH10306823A (en) * 1997-05-01 1998-11-17 Maintenance:Kk Permanent magnet and magnetic levitation support structure using the permanent magnet

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3614181A (en) * 1970-07-02 1971-10-19 Us Air Force Magnetic bearing for combined radial and thrust loads
DE2136371A1 (en) * 1971-07-21 1973-02-01 Braun Karl MAGNETIC STORAGE OF SHAFTS OR THE LIKE
JPS5557716A (en) * 1978-10-20 1980-04-28 Toshiba Corp Magnetic bearing
JPS5597519A (en) * 1979-01-19 1980-07-24 Toshiba Corp Magnetic bearing
DE2938809A1 (en) * 1979-09-25 1981-04-02 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München MAGNETIC FLOATING BEARING
JPS5797918A (en) * 1980-12-10 1982-06-17 Hitachi Ltd Magnetic bearing
JPH01269719A (en) * 1988-04-21 1989-10-27 Secoh Giken Inc Magnetic bearing device
DE19715356A1 (en) * 1997-04-12 1998-10-22 Wtz Motoren & Maschforsch Gmbh Magnetic bearing for fast-rotating components e.g. centrifuge or flywheel
JPH10306823A (en) * 1997-05-01 1998-11-17 Maintenance:Kk Permanent magnet and magnetic levitation support structure using the permanent magnet

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
J.-P.Yonnet: "Permanent Magnet Bearings and Couplings" IN: IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. MAG-17, No. 1, January 1981, S. 1169-1173 *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004089588A1 (en) * 2003-04-09 2004-10-21 Berstorff Gmbh Drive unit for a granulator
EP1817505A1 (en) * 2004-08-25 2007-08-15 Norpropeller AS Bearing with permanent magnetic elements
EP1817505A4 (en) * 2004-08-25 2012-03-07 Norpropeller As Bearing with permanent magnetic elements
WO2006116460A3 (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-12-14 Honeywell Int Inc Magnetic bearings for damping and/or isolation systems
WO2014117891A2 (en) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-07 Montres Breguet Sa Magnetic or electrostatic pivoting of horology runner
WO2014117891A3 (en) * 2013-02-04 2014-10-23 Montres Breguet Sa Magnetic or electrostatic pivoting of horology runner
US9778619B2 (en) 2013-02-04 2017-10-03 Montres Breguet Sa Magnetic or electrostatic pivoting of a mobile timepiece element
WO2016166006A1 (en) * 2015-04-16 2016-10-20 Montres Breguet S.A. Magnetic antishock system for a timepiece arbor
US10474107B2 (en) 2015-04-16 2019-11-12 Montres Breguet S.A. Magnetic anti-shock system for a timepiece arbor

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