DE100414C

DE100414C -

Info

Publication number: DE100414C
Application number: DENDAT100414D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

KLASSE 10: Brennstoffe.CLASS 10: Fuels.

(Schweden).(Sweden).

Patentirt im Deutschen Reiche vom 3. April 1897 ab.Patented in the German Empire on April 3, 1897.

Bisher hat man feste Kohle aus Holz oder Holzabfällen, z. B. Säge- oder Hobelspänen, sowie aus Torf oder anderem Material in der Weise hergestellt, dafs das Material mittelst Schnecken derart durch eine Anzahl über einander angebrachter Verkohlungskanäle hindurchgeführt wird, dafs das Material nach dem Durchgange durch einen oder zwei Kanäle unmittelbar in einen darunter befindlichen Kanal eingeprefst wird, wo es in derselben Weise weitergeführt wird u. s. w., bis das Material verkohlt worden ist, und man eine spröde oder zerbröckelte Kohle erhält. Nachdem die Kohle herausgenommen war, preiste man dieselbe allein oder, falls das Material fein vertheilt ist (wie Säge- oder Hobelspäne), unter Zusatz von einem Bindemittel in die geeignete Form. Ein derartiges Verfahren besitzt unter anderem den Mifsstand, dafs es.sehr kostspielig ist, weil die Herstellung fester Kohle nicht in einem einzigen Apparate continuirlich erfolgt.So far you have solid coal from wood or wood waste, z. B. sawdust or wood shavings, as well as made of peat or other material in such a way that the material is medium Screws so passed through a number of charring channels attached one above the other becomes that the material immediately after passing through one or two channels is pressed into a channel below, where it continues in the same way will, and so on, until the material has become charred and one becomes brittle or crumbled Receives coal. After the coal was taken out, it was praised alone, or if the material was finely divided (like sawdust or wood shavings), with the addition of a binding agent in the appropriate form. A Such a method has, among other things, the disadvantage that it is very expensive because the Solid coal is not produced continuously in a single apparatus.

Nach vorliegender Erfindung wird das noch plastische Material, erforderlichenfalls unter Zusatz von Bindemitteln, zunächst geprefst und sodann unmittelbar [oder aber gleichzeitig mit dem Zusammenpressen) in ein oder mehrere Rohre oder Verkohlungskanäle derart eingeführt, dafs stets neues Material durch die Rohre oder Kanäle stetig eingeführt oder eingeprefst und in Form eines zusammenhängenden Stranges hervorgeprefst wird. Die Verkohlungsrohre oder -kanäle sollen theilweise durchlöchert sein, um die bei der Verkohlung gebildeten Destillationsproducte durchzulassen. Die Rohre oder Kanäle werden vorzugsweise in bekannter Weise durch überhitzten Dampf, erhitztes Gas oder andere Mittel derart geheizt, dafs das Material während des Hervortreibens durch die Rohre allmälig erhitzt wird, bis es endlich, wenn es herauskommt, vollständig verkohlt ist. Die Erhitzung kann beispielsweise derart geschehen, dafs man die Verbrennungsproducte an den Verkohlungsrohren oder -kanälen in einer der Bewegungsrichtung des Verkohlungsmaterials entgegengesetzten Richtung entlang streichen läfst. Zum Zusammenpressen des Materials und zum Durchpressen desselben durch die Rohre kann man jeden geeigneten Prefsapparat verwenden, welcher das Material in Form eines zusammenhängenden Stranges prefst.According to the present invention, the material is still plastic, if necessary with an additive of binders, first pressed and then immediately [or at the same time with the compression) introduced into one or more tubes or charring channels in such a way that that new material is constantly being introduced or pressed in through the pipes or channels and is highlighted in the form of a coherent strand. The char tubes or -channels should be partially perforated in order to avoid the distillation products formed during the carbonization to let through. The tubes or channels are preferably in a known manner by superheated steam, or heated gas other means heated so that the material as it is propelled through the pipes gradually heating until finally, when it comes out, it is completely charred. the Heating can be done, for example, in such a way that the products of combustion are exposed to the Charging tubes or channels in one of the direction of movement of the charring material stroke in the opposite direction. For compressing the material and any suitable pre-press device can be used to press it through the pipes, which prefst the material in the form of a coherent strand.

Das beschriebene Verfahren bietet eine Reihe von technischen Vorzügen. Dadurch, dafs das in die Verkohlungsrohre oder -kanäle stetig eingeprefste Material in der Form eines zusammenhängenden Stranges allmälig fortschreitet und allmälig erhitzt wird, erhält man auf die einfachste und bequemste Art unter der gröfstmöglichen Ersparnifs an Zeit und Arbeit eine sehr feste und schwere Kohle, die gut zusammenhaftet und geringen Raum einnimmt, so dafs sie bequem versandt werden kann. Die Rohre oder Kanäle, in denen die Verkohlung stattfindet, lassen sich nach erfolgter Abnutzung sehr billig ersetzen.The method described offers a number of technical advantages. Because that Material in the form of a coherent material continuously pressed into the carbonization pipes or channels Strands gradually progresses and is gradually heated, one obtains on the the simplest and most convenient way with the greatest possible savings in time and labor very solid and heavy coal that sticks together well and takes up little space, so that it can be conveniently dispatched. The pipes or ducts in which the char takes place, can be replaced very cheaply after wear and tear.

Beiliegende Zeichnung zeigt schematisch eine Vorrichtung zur Ausführung des Verfahrens.The accompanying drawing shows schematically an apparatus for carrying out the method.

Fig. 1 ist ein Längsschnitt durch die ganze Vorrichtung.Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the entire device.

Claims

Figure 2 is a cross section through the char tubes and the surrounding heating space.

Fig. 3 shows the press and part of the char tubes on a larger scale.

Fig. 4 shows a modification of the char.

The press α can be of any suitable type. In the middle of these the material is pressed together and pressed into the heating and charring tubes b of any suitable shape. The raw material thus continuously pressed into the heating and charring tubes must always advance through the heating tubes or channels. The pipes or channels are connected by suitable means, e.g. B. by superheated steam, heated air (combustion products) or a flame sweeping along the pipes or around the pipes or ducts heated in a known manner in such a way that the temperature of the pipes or ducts increases with the distance from the press.

In the drawing a channel c is shown, which directs the combustion products of the furnace in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the mass. The heating tubes or channels can either be so long that they are emptied immediately after the material has been charred, which is then cooled in a known manner, or they can be so long and equipped with a cooling device that the charcoal is cooled before it steps out. In the latter case, the pipes are expediently surrounded by the raw material to be dried, or the arrangement is made so that the heat which the coal gives off during cooling is used for drying raw material or for some other purpose.

As can be seen from Fig. 2, you can have several heating tubes or channels for one and the same Use press.

In the form of the charring canal shown in Fig. 4, the first part of it lies entirely or almost vertically, while the latter lies horizontally. The material is introduced into the upper part of the canal, where it is compressed by its own weight. The material of the knee is completely charred. A press α prefst coal there by the horizontal part of the channel forward.

The char canals can be of any suitable shape. You can whole or partly inclined horizontally or vertically. The raw material can end up or. at. one be introduced in another otherwise suitable place. The pressing out: des Material either at the end or in one or more places along the channel or the channels happen. The main thing is that the material passes through the channel in the Form of a 'coherent strand is pre-checked.

Pa teντ claim:

Process for charring wood or wood waste, peat or the like, characterized in that, that the raw material is introduced or pressed into pipes or ducts while it is being pressed through is gradually heated with the passage of the gases produced and uninterrupted forms solid coal strand, which is also connected after leaving the pipe or channel.

1 sheet of drawings.