DD292008A5 - METHOD FOR PRODUCING FILLED POLYMER COMPOUNDS - Google Patents

Abstract

Process for the preparation of filled polymer compounds based on elast or plastic mixtures, preferably for insulation, clothing and filling mixtures of electrical cables. According to the invention, fly ash with grain sizes of about 0.2 mm-100 mm, which precipitates the coal and is subsequently classified in particle sizes, is incorporated as filler in polymer mixtures in the electrostatic precipitators of the incinerators. The fly ash is coated with lubricants such as stearic acid {stuff; Polymer compounds; insulation; Coats; Ausfuellmischungen; Fly ash; Teilchengroesze; Korngroesze; electric cables; Elastmischungen; Plast mixtures}

Description

PH value 9-12.5 SiO ₂ ( ⁰ A) 19-79 FjO ₃ (%) 1.6 to 15 AI ₂ O ₃ (%) 1.4 to 8.4 CaO (%) 2.0 to 35 MgO (%) 2.3 to 8.7 MnO (%) 0.1-0.9 K, 0 (%) 0.1-0.8 SO ₃ (%) 2.3 to 8.7 C | - (%) 0.02-0.05 PjO ₆ (%) <0.3 C (%) 0.4 to 2.8 CO ₂ (%) <0.7

In addition, the following trace elements are detectable: V, Ga, Ga, B, Be, Mo, Cu, Ni, Mn, Pb, Th, Sr.

It is known to use fillers for a variety of reasons in plastic and Elastmischungen. Inactive fillers or extender fillers increase the amount and lower the price, active fillers specifically improve certain mechanical or electrical properties and are therefore also called reinforcing fillers. The wide range of fillers and reinforcements used today indicates the great importance they have gained. Calcium compounds (specially prepared natural chalk or filled chalk) rank first in volume in cable compounds. To achieve special properties continue to be used:

Hoclulisporosol chloride and kaolin for the improvement of oil-chromatic properties. Aluminum oxide hydrate and magnesium hydroxide for pre-bonding of flame-retardant carbon black for lolling compounds

 A wosonlllchor Nochtoll vlolor Spozlolfüllstoffo is dorslmlsllglg hoho Prols. (DE-OS 2308225, DE-OS 2515511)

ZIoI the invention

Ziol dor invention is to findon in preforming gofüllton Polymormlschungon for electrical Kabol to findon, which is economical and oinsotzt very cheap fillers.

Explanation dos Wotons dor invention

The invention is based on the object of developing gofüllton polymer mixture, in which fillers of varying quality are used and, despite this, lead to intermediates with sufficient quality constancy. According to the invention, the object is achieved by incorporating into the polymer mixture in the Eloktrofiltorn the Verbrennungsungsanlagon the Kohlo separating and subsequently classified in particle size fly ash with particle sizes about 0.2μΓη-100μηι as a filler for preferably Isoliorungon, Mäntol and Ausfüllmischung of electrical cables. The fly ash is coated with lubricants such as stearic acid. The aircraft may be used alone or in conjunction with commonly used fillers such as chalk, kaolin for incorporation into plastic odor elast compounds on fluid or internal mixers or continuous mixing equipment. Dioso mixtures are preferably suitable for so-called Innonmäntol or Zwickelausfüllon of cables and Loitungon. Dio fly ash is sown before use and / or wind-blind. The fillers commonly used in Kabolmischungen, wio z. As chalk, are products with strictly defined quality characteristics, which are defined in appropriate standards, or standards. These standardized quality features guarantee consistent Vorarboitungsvorhalten and reproducible quality of the plastic and Elastmischungen produced with these fillers.

Surprisingly, it has been found that fly ash, despite its fluctuating quality as a recipe ingredient in plastic and Elastmischungen is einotzbar without influencing the dio for cable mix characteristic characteristics in an inadmissible extent, if the simultaneous use of liquid chlorinated paraffins with chlorine contents less than 55% is omitted. By using fly ash as a filler due to the content of certain metal oxides, the thermal decomposition of the chloroparaffins is catalytically accelerated when using said chloroparaffins. in PVC mixtures has a negative effect on the thermal stability of the total mixture in such a way that even the thormischo stability required for the thermoplastic processing is no longer present. Due to its Eigon color, fly ash is not suitable for the production of pale or light colored mixtures.

embodiment

The invention will be explained in more detail below on some embodiments.

Embodiment 1

In a 25I fluid mixer, a dry blend of the following composition is prepared: 100 parts by weight PVC-S (K value 70) 200 parts by weight fly ash

90 parts by weight of Cn-C ^ -Alkylsulfansäureester of KresoN / phenol mixtures 6 parts by weight of lead stearate

The fly ash used has the following composition (data as oxides): SiO ₂ 57.6% Al ₂ O ₃ 10.7%

MgO 2.4% <0.2 mm: 0.6% CaO 14.8% 0.2-0.09 mm: 6% SO ₃ 4.4% 0,09-0,045mm: 19.8% Fe ₂ O ₃ 7.0% <0.045 mm: 73.6% TiO ₂ 1.1% Na ₂ O 0.5% K ₂ 1.2% PH 11.5 Grain size distribution (mean):

The resulting dry blend is processed on a laboratory extruder to form a round profile.

For comparison, a similar mixture, but with 200 parts by weight of chalk C 32 as filler, produced and extruded. With regard to mixture production and extrusion behavior, no significant differences can be detected. Due to the coarse fraction of the fly ash, the surface of the extrudate is comparatively rough, and due to the inherent color of the fly ash, a dark brown extrudate is obtained.

In spite of the comparatively rough obturation, the prewounding of the cited formulation as a filling mixture or Innonmantol is without any disadvantages for the endorange in cables.

Execution badge 2

According to Bolsplol 1, comparatively following iso-standard rozepturon has been horgostellt and oxtrudiort:

Rozeptur

Kreido (K-Wert70)

of cresol '/ phenolic blended CaCO) (ground and wind-grafted natural carbon) fly ash 3-bas. Bloisulfate lead stearate

100Gow.-Parts 52Gow.-Toilo

54Gew.-Toilo

-Gew.-Teile 2 Gow.-Toilo 1 part by weight

100Gew.-Toile 62 Gow.-Toilo

- parts by weight

54 parts by weight 2 parts by weight of 1 part by weight

The chemical composition of the fly ash corresponds to that of Example 1. The particle size distribution is characterized as follows:

, 5%, <2 pm 36%.

£ ΐθμιη 94.2%, <5μιτ> 89.0%,

The extrudates or specimens prepared from the extrudates are measured for the following time:

recipe I Il Therm. Stability (according to VDE 0472) 23 min 22 min Specific volume resistance at RT 3,5-10 ¹³ ^ cm 1.3-10 "-cm at 7O ⁰ C 1.9 to 10 "-cm 1.0-10 "-cm Tensile strength before and 18.2 N / mm ² 17.8 N / mm ² after aging (7 d, 8O ⁰ C) 18.6 N / mm ² 18.5 N / mm ² Elongation before and 300% 270% after aging {7d, 8O ⁰ C) 270% 260% Mass loss (n. 7 d, 8O ⁰ C) 1.3 mg / cm ² 1.5 mg / cm ²

The values obtained are comparably good, indicating the suitability of fly ash as a filler, even in isolate mixtures.

Embodiment 3

From a mixture of 37 parts of EPDM, 250 parts of fly ash according to embodiment 2.2.2 parts of stearic acid, 7.5 parts of paraffin and 22 parts of processing oil (aromatic) are prepared at 383 K rolled skins of 2 mm thickness. These rolls are cut into strips, which are then extruded on a laboratory extruder (screw length: 12 x D, screw diameter: 19 mm) to 30 mm wide and 1.8 mm thick strips. The surface quality of the tapes is smooth. The properties of the extrudate are in line with the requirements for unvulcanized filling mixtures for power cables. The elongation at break of the mixture is 240%. The low tear strength of the mixture guarantees easy removability of extruded inner shells by hand without the use of tools.

Claims (2)

1. ancestors for the preparation of filled polymer compounds, preferably for insulation and sheaths and filling mixtures of electrical cables, characterized in that In Polymor compounds in the electrostatic precipitators of the incineration of coal and subsequently classified in particle size fly ash with grain sizes about 0, 2 μιτι-10 pm is incorporated as a filler. 2. A process for the preparation of filled clay Polymor compounds according to claim 1, characterized in that the fly ash with lubricants, wio Stearinsäuro coated. Field of application of the invention The invention relates to oin ancestors for the preparation of gofüllton polymer compounds based on Elast odor Plastmischung, preferably for Isoliorungon, Mäntol and Ausfüllmlschungon of oloktrischon Kaboln. Characteristic dos bokannton stondos of technique Pre-firing of lignite and brown coal In Kraftworkon, enormous quantities of mongon residue from the clean air are added, of which only one fraction shall be returned for regular reuse. The main cantilever belongs to Doponion. These raw materials fallon in the Rogol region into the oloktrischon schoonoid or in the desoldering plants (Piotrzoniuk, H.-J .: Possible utilization of raw materials from air pollution control plants, in: Thermo Prozess und Abfalltechnik Jahrbuch, 1st edition, 1986/87, Vulkan Vorlog Essen, pp. 451-454). During the burning of the lignite in Kraftwerkon ontstohon two types of ash, the so-called Naßascho and the fly ash. The proportion of fly ash in the total ashfall is about 80%. The wet ash is taken from a Wassorwnnno at the bottom of the boiler. It is characterized by don uberwiogondon share in quartz. Dio fly ash, which is much finer than the wet ash, is abraded in the electrofiltorn. It contains in particular in the Filtorstufon the middle and final cleaning of the E-filter partially erhoblicho amounts of calcium oxide and anhydrous calcium sulfate. Gorads, these two components, allow the ashes to hydraulically bind in preaction with the present aluminates and silitrates. Although various research proposals have shown that these residues are to be recycled, but a cost-effectiveness is currently not given (Odlor, I .: Determination gooignetor blowing aid for the production of marketable Leichtbauzuschlagstoffo from lignite filter aso, in: Research Report No. 10305023, Umwoltbundesamt, Berlin (West) , 1979 and Böhm, E. and Kunz, P .: Possibilities of the increased utilization of residues from Kraftworksfeuerungen, in: Techn. Scientific reports Tw 205, VGB publishing house Esson, 1983). The bekannton fields of application for electrostatic precipitators are the production of concrete and cement and road construction. Part of the resulting Eloktrofiltersthubo is used in the Betonherstollung as an aggregate. In several countries jeck oh are only allowed to use filter dusts which have a test mark due to certain minimum requirements. Fikerstäuben from lignite power plants has the disadvantage that they do not represent products of uniform quality. Their composition varies depending on the origin or composition of the lignite used and on the technical and technological parameters of the incinerators. The inconsistent quality of the filter dusts is a major reason that the reuse options have been relatively limited. The following information is given in the literature for the most important constituents of lignite fly ash (as oxides):