DD289600A5 - ELECTRIC MEASURING METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE TIME CHANGING OF DIFFERENT COMPONENTS O. AE. MASSES, ELECTRON. CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT AND SENOR FOR IMPLEMENTING THE PROCEDURE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical measuring method for determining the temporal change of various components of the true electrical conductance in the manufacture of Bruehwurstbraet or similar masses and an electronic circuit arrangement for carrying out the method. The method determines the conductance values with constant sinusoidal measurement voltages or currents at two or more measurement frequencies, at least at a low and a high frequency, whereby the temperature influence on the determined conductance values is compensated by continuous temperature measurement and links the determined compensated conductance values for the generation of control signals. A circuit arrangement and advantageous variants for these will be described. {Wurstbraet-Herstellung; Conductance, electrical; Change, temporal; Conductivity components; Tensing tensions, constant; Masticatory stresses, sinusoidal; Meszfrequenz, lower; Meszfrequenz, high; Conductance temperature, compensated}

Description

Characteristic of the known state of the art For measurements of time varying sizes in the production of cooked sausage meat or similar masses are different Devices and methods known. Here are mainly the measured variables viscosity of the mass and electrical Conducted value. In Schuppen, Joachim, "Theory and Methods of Conductometry" and "Application of Conductometry", both Akademie-Verlag Berlin 1980, are described for general applications of conductometry devices with which

electrical conductivities in electrolytic solutions at different measuring frequencies can be determined. For this purpose, for example, conductivity measuring devices or impedance measuring bridges with two or more switchable measuring frequencies are used.

Sielaff, H., and K. H. Hoeft describe in "The electrical conductivity of meat as an objective material characteristic for the Prozesskontrolle ", Fleisch 33 (1979) H.9 pp. 164-167 / H. 10 pp. 196-198, Methods and Apparatus for Measuring Electrical Quantities

quality assessment of slaughtered meat and static measurements on process control samples

Laboratory conditions, taking on the analogy of the electrical properties of meat to second-class electrical conductors

is referenced. For measurement, a conductometer is used in conjunction with specially designed puncture electrodes.

The conductance values determined at two different measuring frequencies, which are timed by the required frequency changeover

are available consecutively, are used for the evaluation.

Another instrument, also described by Sielaff and Höft, the so-called Intelectron tester, also works with two

different measuring frequencies. The ratio of the conductances measured at the two different frequencies is in one

Quc tientbildner as a so-called Q value displayed. The meat samples to be measured are analyzed during the Mefivorganges sandwiched between pressed graphite rods. Devices intended for laboratory measurements are unsuitable for continuous measurements as they cause static states of the devices Require samples to perform the measurements. Another method of measuring meat quality, Schöberlein, L., Richter, P., and Renatus, K., "Possibilities of Detection of meat quality characteristics in pigs under production conditions ", Fleisch 38 (1984) H.7 pp. 135-137,

assesses the frequency dependence of the dielectric constant in muscle tissue. For this purpose, a pulsating DC voltage of constant amplitude is fed into the meat by means of needle electrodes and the relaxation time on an oscilloscope as

Deformation of the rectangular pulses shown and evaluated. With this oscillographic evaluation the extraction of control signals for an automatic Prozesssteue 'ng is not

possible.

All previously known methods for the continuous measurement of the cutter process have the defect that at the beginning of the Process no assessment of the quality of the feedstock takes place, but that detects only the process-related changes

become. Temperature measurements for determining the temperature profile in the cutter process are known from DE-OS 2942940 and

DE-OS 3608859 known. In none of the known methods, however, is the temperature curve measured for correction Conductivity used. Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is an electrical measuring method for determining the time change of various components of the true electrical conductance in the production of scalded sausage meat or similar masses and an electronic circuit arrangement for carrying out the method, which consistently good roasting quality and yield increase through optimal utilization of the different Wasserverbindevermögens each used raw materials.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is an electrical measuring method for determining the change with time of different components of the true electrical conductance in the production of cooked sausage meat or similar masses and an electronic circuit arrangement for carrying out the method, which delivers interference-free signal voltages, the time course of the actual Wasserbindungszustand and Zetkleinerungsgrad during the cutter process largely corresponds, so that by a subsequent, not to the scope of the invention associated processing unit control signals for. the dosage of the bulk water and the completion of the cutter process can be generated.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in that at least two different frequency sinusoidal currents or voltages are fed into the material to be measured, wherein a non-irreversible damage to the sample leading current density is applied, that for determining the quality of the feedstock, the initial values of the temperature and the various components of the Conductance of the material to be measured can be determined that s <~ probably the time course of the various components of the conductance of Meßgutea and the time course of Ί ι ipiratur be measured continuously and that the continuously measured conductance and temperature values are time synchronously mi .inandor linked to control signals , The circuit arrangement according to the invention for carrying out the method is characterized in that a constant current source for low frequency and a constant current source for higher frequency are arranged in parallel on an electrode assembly and at the input of a Meßspannungsvorverstärkers and rectifier for low frequency and the input of a Meßspannungsvorverstärkers and rectifier for higher frequency in that a temperature sensor of the electrode assembly is connected to a temperature input of a processing circuit of a temperature signal amplifier with temperature display and that the output of Meßspannungsvorverstärkers and rectifier for low F ^r fREQUENCY and the output of Meßspannungsvorverstärkers and rectifier for higher frequency at the respective input D6R Verarbehungsschaltung are connected, or that a constant current source for low frequency and a constant current source for higher Frequency connected to a clock-controlled first switch, which is connected to the electrode assembly and a second clock-controlled switch to which a Meßspannungsvorverstärker and low frequency rectifier and a Meßspannungsvorverstärker and rectifier for höheie frequency are connected, to which the output side a memory circuit for dss low-frequency conductance signal and a memory circuit for the higher frequency conductance signal are arranged such that a clock generator is connected to the first changeover switch, the second changeover switch, the low frequency conductance signal storage circuit and the higher frequency conduction signal storage circuit such that the low frequency conduction signal storage circuit and the memory circuit for the higher higher-frequency conductance signal are connected to the inputs of the preprocessing circuit, that a temperature sensor of the electrode assembly on the temperature signal amplifier with temperature display is connected to a temperature input of the processing circuit, or that a constant voltage source for low frequency on the one hand via a measuring resistor for low frequency to the reference electrode of the electrode assembly and on the other hand connected to a measuring electrode of the electrode assembly that a constant voltage source for higher frequency on the one hand via a measuring resistor for higher frequency to the reference electrode of the electrode assembly and, on the other hand connected to a further measuring electrode of the electrode assembly that parallel to the Meßwidersiand for low frequency input of a Meßspannungsvorverstärkers and rectifier for low frequency and parallel to the measuring resistor for higher frequency, the input of a Meßspannungsvorverstärkers and Gleichricnters arranged for higher frequency, measuring voltage preamplifier and rectifier for low) frequency and Meßspa and higher frequency rectifiers and rectifiers are connected to the inputs of the processing circuit and that a temperature sensor of the electrode arrangement is connected to a temperature input of the processing circuit via a temperature signal amplifier with temperature indication. An advantageous embodiment of the circuit arrangement according to the invention is characterized in that a plurality of electrodes, at least two, measuring electrodes are arranged on an electrically insulating body such that their distance to all electrically conductive parts of the cutter is at least five times the measuring distance of the measuring electrodes, that in the immediate Near the measuring electrodes on the same i- .liierenden body of the temperature sensor is arranged and that the electrode assembly is disposed at a fluidically favorable location in the cutter, wherein the electrode active surface have a size adapted to the cutter volume and design.

embodiment

The electrical measuring method realizes the following method steps:

at least two different frequency sinusoidal currents or voltages are fed into the test object,

a current density which does not lead to irreversible damage to the test object is used,

- the quality of the feed material is determined at the beginning of the cutting process by the initial values of the temperature and the various components of the conductivity of the material to be measured,

- Both the time course of the various components of the conductance of the measured material and the time course of the temperature are continuously measured and

- The continuously measured conductance and temperature values are linked in synchronism with the control signals. The invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments.

Example 1 / Figure 1

A low frequency constant current source 1 and a higher frequency constant current source 2 are connected in parallel and connected to the electrode assembly 4. Connected to this parallel circuit are the Meßspannungsvorverstärker and rectifier for low frequency 6 and Meßspannungsvorverstärker and rectifier for higher frequency 7, the input filter from the signal mixture at the measuring electrodes filter out the low and the higher measuring frequency and rectify. The outputs of the measuring voltage preamplifier and low frequency rectifier 6 and the measuring voltage preamplifier and higher frequency rectifier 7 are connected to the inputs of a processing circuit 12. In the electrode assembly 4, a temperature sensor is installed, which is connected to the temperature signal amplifier with temperature display 11. Its output is connected to a further input of the processing circuit 12. The processing circuit 12 has control signal outputs 13 and has the following characteristics according to the invention: 1. Linking of the conductance signals with the temperature signals in such a way that as complete as possible compensation of the temperature coefficient of conductance takes place in the temperature range of the sausage meat and corrected conductivity signals are available for further processing.

2. Extensive equality of the integration behavior of the temperature and conductance signal processing. The conductance signals are freed from disturbances that can occur as a result of the inhomogeneities in the temperature distribution in the sausage meat during the process of cutting.

3. Linking of the obtained conductivity signals in the Woise that evaluates the quality of Einsatzmatorials example, by quotient and by the evaluation of the measured conductance at the beginning of the process and a control signal for the estimated bulk water quantity is generated.

4. Linking and evaluating the Leitwert- and Tomperatursignale in terms of temporal changes to switch the machine from mixing gear to overdrive and providing a corresponding control signal.

5. Linking and evaluation of conductance and temperature signals with respect to temporal changes for determining individual, automatic water or ice beds and providing appropriate control signals.

6. Linking and evaluating the conductance and temperature signals with respect to temporal changes for determining the switch-off and providing a corresponding control signal.

7. Programmability of linking functions and evaluation criteria for adaptation to different recipes and feeds.

Example 2 / Figure 2

A constant frequency source 1 and a constant frequency source 2 for higher frequency are connected to the inputs of a clock-controlled first changeover switch 3. This switches the electrode assembly 4 in the switching clock to the constant current source for low frequency 1 or to the constant current source for higher frequency 2. A clock-controlled second switch 5 switches the electrode assembly 4 in the same switching clock to the Meßspannungsvorverstärker and rectifier for low frequency 6 and the Meßspannungsvorverstärker and rectifier for higher frequency 7 in such a way that the Meßspannungsvorverstärker and rectifier for low frequency 6 always the low measuring frequency and the Meßspannungsvorverstärker and rectifier for higher frequency 7 are always associated with the higher measuring frequency. The output of the measuring voltage preamplifier and low frequency rectifier 6 is connected to the input of a memory circuit for the low frequency! Conductance signal 8 connected. The low frequency conductance signal storage circuit 8 supplies the conduction signal of the low frequency sense current to an input of the processing circuit 12. Similarly, the output of the higher voltage sense voltage preamplifier and rectifier 7 is connected to the higher frequency control signal storage circuit 9. According to the invention, the processing circuit 12 possesses the properties described in 7 points in Example 1 and has control signal outputs 13. The memory circuit for the low-frequency conductance signal 8 and the memory circuit for the higher-frequency conductance signal 9 and the first changeover switch 3 and the second changeover switch 5 are connected to a clock generator 10 in such a way that each memory circuit releases the signal path during the measuring phase, stores the signal voltage simultaneously and provides it during the measuring pause. In the electrode assembly 4 Bin temperature sensor is installed, which is verbunaen with the temperature signal amplifier with temperature display 11. Its output is connected to a further input of the processing circuit 12.

Example 3 / Figure 3

A low-frequency constant-voltage source 14 and a higher-frequency constant-voltage source 15 are connected to an electrode assembly 4. This is constructed with 3 electrodes and connected in such a way with the low-frequency constant-voltage source 14 and the higher-frequency constant-voltage source 15 that the middle electrode serves as a reference electrode and a constant voltage source is connected to each outer electrode. Between the reference electrode and the constant voltage sources, a measuring resistor 16 for low frequency and a measuring resistor for higher frequency 17 are connected. Parallel to the measuring resistor for low frequency 16, the input of a Meßspannungsvorverstärkers and rectifier for low frequency 6 is connected, which processes the signals of the low measuring frequency. In the same way, the measuring resistor for higher frequency 17 is connected to the input of Meßspannungsvorverstärkers and rectifier for higher frequency 7, which elaborates the signals of the higher measuring frequency /. The outputs of the measuring voltage preamplifier and low frequency rectifier 6 and the measuring voltage preamplifier and higher frequency rectifier 7 are connected to the inputs of a processing circuit 12. In the electrode assembly 4, a temperature sensor is installed, which is connected to the temperature signal amplifier with temperature display 11. Its output is connected to a further input of the processing circuit 12. According to the invention, the processing circuit 12 has characteristics described in 7 in example 1 and has control signal outputs 13.

Claims (3)

1. An electrical measuring method for determining the time change of various components of the true electrical conductivity in the production of sausage meat or similar masses, characterized in that at least two different frequency sinusoidal currents or voltages are fed into the material to be measured, with a not irreversible damage to the Measuring good leading current density is applied, that for determining the quality of the feedstock, the initial values of the temperature and the various components of the conductivity of the material to be measured are determined, that both the time course of the various components of the conductance of the measured material and the time course of the temperature are measured continuously and that the continuously measured conductance and temperature values are time synchronously linked to control signals. 2. An electronic circuit arrangement for implementing the method, characterized in that a Konstantstromquello for low frequency (1) and a constant current source for higher frequency (2) in parallel to an electrode assembly (4) and at the input of a Meßspannungsvorverstärkers and rectifier for low frequency (6 ) and at the input of a Meßspannungsvorverstärkers and rectifier for higher frequency (7) are arranged, that a temperature sensor of the electrode assembly (4) via a temperature signal amplifier with temperature display (11) at a temperature input of a processing circuit (12) is connected and that the output of Meßspannungsvorverstärkers and Rectifier for low frequency (6) and the output of the measuring voltage preamplifier and rectifier for higher frequency (7) at the respective input of the processing circuit (12) are connected or that a constant current source for low frequency (1) u a constant current source for higher frequency (2) are connected to a clock-controlled first change-over switch (3) which is connected to the electrode arrangement (4) and a second clock-controlled changeover switch (5) to which a measuring voltage preamplifier and rectifier for low frequency (6) and a measuring voltage preamplifier and rectifier for higher frequency (7) are connected to which the output side a memory circuit for the low-frequency conductance signal (8) and a memory circuit for the higher-frequency conductance signal (9) are arranged, that a clock generator (10) with the first switch ( 3), the second change-over switch (5), the low-frequency conductance signal memory circuit (8) and the higher-frequency conductance signal memory circuit (9), the low-frequency conduction signal memory circuit (8) and the higher-frequency conductance memory circuit: anal (9) with the entrances of the Verarbe a temperature sensor of the electrode assembly (4) via the temperature signal amplifier with temperature display (11) with a temperature input of the processing circuit (12) is connected, or that a constant voltage source for low frequency (14) on the one hand via a measuring resistor for low frequency (16) connected to the reference electrode of the electrode assembly (4) and on the other hand to a measuring electrode of the electrode assembly (4) that a constant voltage source for higher frequency (15) on the one hand via a measuring resistor for higher frequency (17) with the reference electrode of the electrode assembly (4) and on the other hand connected to a further measuring electrode of the electrode arrangement (4), that parallel to the low frequency measuring device (16) the input of a measuring voltage preamplifier and rectifier for low frequency (6) and that parallel to the measuring resistor for higher frequency (17) the Einga ng a Meßspannungsvorverstärkers and rectifier for higher frequency (7) are arranged, that the Meßspannungsvorverstärker and low frequency rectifier (6) and Meßspannungsvorverstärker and higher frequency rectifier (7) are connected to the inputs of the processing circuit (12) and that a temperature sensor of Elektrodeni arrangement (4) via a temperature signal amplifier with temperature display (11) is connected to a temperature input of the processing circuit (12). 3. A circuit arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that as the electrode arrangement (4) a plurality, at least two, measuring electrodes are arranged on an electrically insulating base body such that their distance from all electrically conductive parts of the cutter is at least five times the measuring distance of the measuring electrodes, that in the immediate vicinity of the measuring electrodes on the same insulating body of the Temperature sensor is arranged and that the electrode assembly (4) is arranged at a fluidically favorable location in the cutter, wherein the electrode active surfaces have a size adapted to the cutter volume and design. For this 3 pages drawings Field of application of the invention The invention includes an electrical measuring method for determining the time change of various components of the true electrical conductance in the manufacture of cooked sausage meat or similar masses and electronic circuitry for carrying out the method. Specifically, these are applicable to the cutter process and other Misctv / shredding processes in the food industry and other fields.